课件18张PPT。综合复习与检测词汇篇When Michael Wong was young, he was sensitive and shy. It was a huge task for him to talk to a stranger or go downstairs to the shops. But he found _____1_____ through playing the piano.
Recently, the Malaysian piano star _____2_____ his latest album Never Apart. It’s made up of ten catchy (动听的) songs including the title song with the same name. Never Apart tells the story of a couple who are _____3_____ to separate for a while, but they still cherish (珍藏) the beautiful memories they had.
“Music sounds better when it _____4_____ to true feelings,” he says.
Now, Michael has grown up to be one of the most popular singers in Taiwan. His slow love songs including First Time and Fairytale are hits with heartbroken young people.
Over the years, he has become bolder and learnt to voice _____5_____ in his music. Once, he was asked to sing a song someone else wrote. But he didn’t like the song lyrics（歌词）, so he _____6_____ they should be changed. “If I broke up with someone, I don’t think I would have reacted in the same way as the story in the song,” he said. “I want to tell people _____7_____ how I will behave.” And it works. He says the song sounds better when he can sing it his own way.
Michael is often called the piano prince. He’s _____8_____ when he plays and sings along. “When I play, inspirations rush to me like continuous streams. It _____9_____ no effort.” But he still works hard to make his songs _____10_____. “I’ll go over every tiny detail to make the song worth listening to.”E G C I J H A F B K
Today, more than 85 percent of the world’s energy still comes from fossil fuels. Despite centuries of growing use, these fuels remain _____1_____. Powerful economic and political organizations are set up around the fossil-energy system. These realities seem to _____2_____ the 20-plus years of international efforts to get rid of world oil, coal and natural gas. A shift to carbon-free energy remains the platonic(空想的) ideal. It is time to acknowledge that on any given day, “Drill, baby, drill!” is in fact a highly _____3_____ policy for continuing to deliver the many benefits of cheap energy. As a result, we should focus not on moving off fossil fuels, but on capturing the carbon these fuels emit.
Technologies for carbon capture are proven and available. They are also expensive --- at least for now. Yet the political ans social obstacles are far lower than those to _____4_____ fossil fuel. Progress is obviously more certain if we make the right investments.
Capturing carbon from coal plants is estimated to _____5_____ the cost of generating electricity by between 30 and 80 percent. However, costs can be reduced by _____6_____ the captured carbon dioxide for commercial purposes, such as pumping it into oil fields to recover more oil, a technique in use since the 1970s. Continued innovation will _____7_____ costs further. Since 2008, the U.S. government alone has spent nearly $6 billion to _____8_____ this goal. We should go further still by pursuing new technologies to _____9_____ carbon directly out of the atmosphere. Although estimates for cost range from $ 20 to $2,000 per ton of carbon dioxide removed, it seems to be _____10_____ to the cost of moving the global energy system off fossil fuels and onto renewable energy resources. BD D A AD C AB ABC CD AC B Computer keyboards can get dirty just like other _____1_____-touched items such as door knobs and money. But beyond just looking dirty, a filthy（肮脏）keyboard might actually make you sick.
A 2008 study showed that keyboards can be up to five times dirtier than the average toilet seat. How come? Too often, people don’t _____2_____ to wash their hands after using the restroom or eating at their desks. In the latter case, sticky fingers transfer sauces and crumbs（食物碎屑）onto and between the keys. Also, our fingers rub skin oils onto the keys. Thus, a keyboard can become a _____3_____ place for germs to grow.
One common bug that researchers have found is staphylococcus aureus（金黄色葡萄球菌）. It is a classic cause of food _____4_____, signs of which include nausea（恶心）and diarrhea（腹泻）. Stomach sicknesses caused by typing on a dirty keyboard have been dubbed “qwerty tummy” after the “Q-W-E-R-T-Y” keys on a keyboard.
The threat posed by a dirty keyboard is quite real, but it can be _____5_____. The easiest way is to clean your keyboard regularly. Office cleaning _____6_____ say that keyboards should be unplugged, turned upside down and shaken _____7_____. By doing so, you can get rid of most of the crumbs. After that, wipe across the keys using a soft cloth with a cleaning solution（清洁剂）. Another way to solve the problem is using a silicon（硅胶）keyboard cover. These thin covers are made to _____8_____ over the keys. They prevent food from falling through the cracks and dust from _____9_____.A. avoided B. bother C. frequently D. accumulating AB. great
AC. poisoning AD. fit BC. experts BD. gently CD. preventC B AB AC A BC BD AD D
词组篇（翻译）1.昨天，Jenny告诉我她喜欢游泳胜过跳舞。(prefer … to …)
2.Debbie毫不犹豫地选择成为一名教师。(hesitation)
3.网络已经改变了人们工作、学习的方式。(the way)
4.那位穿着考究的顾客说：“这里的雇员让我感觉很满意。” (remark)
5.上课时不要把头倒在桌上，你会给老师留下坏印象。(rest)1.Yesterday, Jenny told me that she preferred swimming to dancing.
2.Debbie chose to be a teacher without hesitation.
3.The Internet has already changed the way people work and study.
4.The well-dressed customer remarked, “The employees here make me feel satisfied.”
5.Don’t rest your head on the desk in class, or you will leave the teacher a bad impression.
1.由于恐高，小男孩突然大哭了起来。（burst）
2.我对这母亲企图强迫儿子离家而感到大为震惊。（attempt）
3.幽默感被看作是减缓压力的重要方法之一。（sense）
4.昨天在回家的路上，我看到了一名勇敢的士兵救起了一个溺水儿童。（drown）
5.有很多工作要做，Alice没花多少时间来准备周五要做的讲座。（with） 1.The little boy burst into tears, because he was afraid of height.
2.I was shocked at the mother’s attempt to force her son to leave home.
3.A sense of humor is regarded as one of the most important ways to relieve one’s stress.
4.On my way home yesterday, I saw a brave soldier save a drowning child.
5.With a lot of work to do, Alice spent less time in preparing for the lecture that she would give on Friday.
1.考前抱佛脚是没有用的。（use n. ）
2.位于黄浦江畔的上海是一座充满魅力的城市。（locate）
3.这座新建成的剧院能容纳两千多名观众。（seat v.）
4.我们不建议把自己的想法强加给别人。（force v.）
5.这次慈善音乐会旨在引起人们对贫困地区的关注。（design v.）1.There is no use intensively studying before exams.
2.Shanghai, which is located along the Huang Pu River, is a city full of charms.
3.The newly built theater can seat more than two thousand audience.
4.We don’t suggest forcing one’s own ideas on others.
5.This charity concert is designed to attract people’s attention to poor areas.
1.我说服我的朋友将收银员不小心多给他的十英镑纸币还给了超市经理。(persuade; note)
2.当被审问时，问心无愧的人会毫不犹豫地与警察有眼神交流。(question; hesitate; contact)
3.正是只有当你停止抱怨生活的时候，你才能够意识到生活对于我们真正意味着什么。(It… 强调句; grumble; mean)
4.后悔你已经做过的事情没有任何意义，因为这些对你没有好处。(point; regret; good n.)
5.以防再次被欺侮，我们应尽力缩短我们国家与发达国家之间的差距。(case; bully; narrow)
1.说服某人做某事 persuade sb. to do sth.
I persuaded my friend to return the extra 10-pound note that the checkout assistant gave him accidentally to the supermarket manager.
2.问心无愧 have a clear conscience 眼神交流 eye contact
When questioned, people who have a clear conscience will not hesitate to make eye contact with the policemen.
3. It is only when you stop grumbling about your life that you can realize what life really means to us.
4.做某事没有意义 there is no point in doing sth.
There is no point in regretting what you have done, because this does no good to you.
5.In case we should be bullied again, we should narrow the gap between our country and the developed countries.
句型例1.Guided Writing
Directions：Write an English composition in about 100 words according to the instructions
given below in Chinese.
1．有人认为开发旅游业好。
2．有人反对开发旅游业。
3．你个人对此的观点是什么?Some people think it is necessary to develop tourism, for it contributes a lot to increas-ing understanding between nations. Furthermore, tourism also contributes significantly to a country's national economy, for it provides jobs for many people and helps solve the social problem of unemployment. Secondly, the tourist trade gives people a chance to enjoy the beautiful scenery of the world and the wonders of mankind. Thirdly, travel can also broad-en one's mind by learning about different cultures of the world.
While others argue that tourism makes some parts of the world too crowded to live in. It creates pollution and has already destroyed many beautiful scenic spots. Since some tour-ists do not have time to mix with the local people, they can't have a full of the local cul-ture.
I think developing tourism has more advantages than disadvantages. Those so-called disadvantages can even be regarded as good conditions as long as people have a strong sense of environmental protection and appreciation of different cultures. Definitely, we will obtain something more valuable through travelling.Directions: Write an English composition in about 100 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
学生在业余时间做兼职有好处。它给我们提供了发展能力的机会。对我们将来参加工作有利。然而，它也有不利的一面，可能使部分学生减少休息时间，从而影响学习。作为学生，为了将来做得更好，我们应该在学校里打好基础，把更多的时间花在学习上。There are many advantages in doing part-time jobs while we are in school. Part-time jobs offer us a chance to develop our abilities. The experience we gain through practice may be of great help to our future work. Part-time jobs can help make our school life much richer and happier.
However, part-time jobs have some disadvantages. For example, we may lose time needed for rest, study and some other school activities. Working several hours a day may cost us a lot of time and energy and perhaps affect our studies.
As a student, our most important task is to study. If we want to do better in the future, we must lay a solid foundation at school. Modern science is developing very fast. And if we want to keep up with the development of modern science, we must spend more time stud-ying. So in my opinion, although part-time jobs can do us some good, we should not spend too much time on them.词汇
词组
句型
1. 复习精讲提升部分的内容;
2. 请在规定时间内完成讲义中的课后巩固部分。分角色朗读课件22张PPT。Role play time！ How to understand these modal verb( 情态动词)?
?
Let’s find the differences!循环关系图表should /ought to will/would can、be able to 和could
needmay/mightmust / have to 标题相同点不同点can/be able to LOREM IPSUM DOLOR 都可以表示能力、技能、许可、建议或请求和可能性。但比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法，一般用could，回答时则用can。can只有现在和过去时，而be able to则有更多的形式。
当成功地完成某一具体动作时，通常不用could而用was/were able to来表示。完成某事。Tell the differences!LOREM IPSUM DOLORCan I help you?Can you use chopsticks? The wounded man still was able to get to the village.Could you help me carry the bag?sentences例1. --Would you like to go swimming with me this afternoon?
-- I'd love to. But I'm afraid I ______. I have too much work to do.
can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. may not
Key: A
例2. –Who is the man over there? Is it Mr. Li?
--No, it ______ be him. Mr. Li is much taller.
Key: C
例3. This pen looks like mine, yet it isn’t. whose ______ it be?
A. must B. may C. would D. can
Key: D
may/might231LOREM IPSUM DOLOR 语气委婉程度不同时态不同 may/might表示可能，但may比might可能性大。
例1. --______ I borrow your MP3?
--Sure. Here you are.
A. May B. Should C. Must D. Would
Key：A
例2. Peter ______ come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
A. must B. may C. can D. will
Key: BLOREM IPSUM DOLOR主观A客观Bmustn’t 表禁止 Chave to 表不必Dmust 表肯定推测E否定推测 can’t F must vs have to let’s find!You must do everything as I do.
You mustn’t smoke in the office.
The light is still on, so he must be at home.
I have to be at my office every evening.
You will have to clean your own boots when you join the army.【例题精讲】
例1. The new law states that people ______ drive after drinking alcohol.
A. wouldn't B. needn't C. won't D. mustn't
Key: D
例2.
-- Can you go swimming with us this afternoon?
--Sorry, I can’t. I ______ take care of my little sister at home because my mother is ill.
A. can B. may C. would D. have to
key：Dshould表示建议/劝告/命令，有“应该”之意，ought to表示义务和责任，比should语气强。should / ought to的否定形式表示禁止之意。should表感彩，常用以why，how开头的疑问句中。should表示“万一”“如果”。 should可表示陈述意见，推出建议或请求；而ought to可以表示劝告之意。LOREM IPSUM DOLORshould 和 ought to例1. There ______ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.
A. mustn’t B. shan’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
key：C
例2. You are their teacher. You ______ take care of them.
A. should to B. might to C. ought to D. need to
key: C1 will 表示意志、意愿，有“愿、要”之意。would是will? 的过去式，表示对过去时间的意志、意愿、决心，有“愿、要、偏要”的意思。2 will在疑问句中用于第二人称，表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问对方的意思，would表示请求或个人的想法、看法，使语气婉转。3would表示过去习惯性的动作，着重动作的重复 will和would的用法例1. —Write to me when you get home.
—______.
A. I must B. I should C. I will D. I can
key：C
例2. When he was there, he ______ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.
A. would B. should C. had better D. might
key：Aneed-- Need you do the thing right now?
--Yes , I must. / --No ,I needn’t.Need he come at once??He need not come at once. 123need 作情态动词使用时，没有人称、数和时态的变化，一般使用于否定句和疑问句中。【例题精讲】
例1. I ______ worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before it comes.
can’t B. mustn’t C. daren’t D. needn’t
key：DLOREM IPSUM DOLOR 常考情态动词及用法
can, could 表示能力、可能、委婉语气
may, might 表示必须，表示推测
should, ought to 表示应该、劝告（should有表示竟然的意思）
will, would 将来时的助动词、表意愿
must 表示规定、较为肯定的推测1. 复习精讲提升部分的内容;
2. 请在规定时间内完成讲义中课后巩固部分。下图为一个“机器人苍蝇”（robotic fly）—— 一种微型飞行设备，设想它的功能用途，然后思考一下下面的问
题。
1．What is the difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly?
2．Why they want to equip robotic flyer with a built-in power source?
3．What broader applications could sensing and computation technologies on board have?课件21张PPT。1．What is the difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly?
2．Why they want to equip robotic flyer with a built-in power source?
3．What broader applications could sensing and computation technologies on board have?A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks. 阅读题型说明及答题方法指导【知识梳理1】题型说明
科技说明文是指反映和总结处于世界前沿的自然科学和技术工程（如太空探测、环境保护、生物进化、人体生理、物质微观探索、植物转基因研究等）。这类文章在阅读中有一定难度，但是只要注意把握文章主旨，并且根据题目中的关键词在文中寻找线索，很多题目就可以迎刃而解。【知识梳理2】答题方法
提高英语阅读速度可从以下几方面入手：
1、统览全篇摘要点
?
2、注重长难句理解
?
3、利用词缀猜词意water cycleWeather changes when the temperature and the amount of water in the atmosphere change. We can see and feel water coming from the atmosphere when we have rain. But the water must somehow get back to the atmosphere. Meteorologists call this the water cycle.
There are many stages in the water cycle. Rain falls when water vapor in clouds condenses(凝结). Drops of water form and fall to the ground. The water soaks into the ground and feeds streams and rivers. A lot of rain falls into the sea. The heat of the sun evaporates some of the water in the ground and in the rivers, lakes, and the sea. It changes the liquid water into water vapor. The vapor rises onto the air. Water vapor is normally invisibleOn a very damp or humid day, however, you can sometimes see water vapor rising from a puddle(水坑) or pond in a mist(薄雾) above the water. Water vapor also gets into the air from living things. Trees and other plants take in water through their roots and give off water vapor from their leaves. People and land animals drink water and breathe out water vapor. In all these ways the water returns to the air. There it gathers to form clouds and condenses to form rain. The rain falls to earth, and the cycle starts again. It continues even if snow or hail(冰雹) fall instead because both eventually melt to form water. The amount of water vapor in the air depends on the temperature. The air is more moist(潮湿) in the tropics(热带) than in the cold polar regions.What is the main idea of the passage?
Water cycle. B. Water vapor.
C. How rain forms. ?D. Water, vapor, rain.
key：A
2. How many ways of the water returning to the air are discussed in the text?
Two. B. Three. C. Four.? ? D. Five.
key：B文章第一段末句：Meteorologists call this the water cycle.文章第2段，水返回空中的方式有3种：第1种是太阳蒸发地面上的水使之变成水蒸气返回空中；第2种是树和植物释放出的水蒸气；第3种是人和动物呼出的水蒸气。3. Whether water vapour can be seen or not depends on __________.
A. how much water is evaporated B. how good your eyes are
C. in which way water is evaporated??? D. climate or weather
key：D第2段第9句话On a very damp or humid day, however, you can sometimes see water vapour rising from a puddle(水坑) or pond in a mist(薄雾) above the water.4. From the passage we get to know __________.
A. there is more water vapour in the air in the tropics than in cold polar regions
B. there is more water vapour in the air in cold polar region than in the tropics
C. it gets more rain in the tropics than in cold polar regions because there is less vapour
D. the amount of water vapour in the air depends on how often it rains
key：A The air is more moist(潮湿) in the tropics(热带) than in the cold polar regions Technology is the application of knowledge to production.What is the best title for the passage?
B. Modern technology
2. Which is the main idea of the passage?
Modern technology is the key to the improvement of standard of living.
文章最后一句Technology responds to our needs in helping us maintain our standard of living.
3. According to the passage, people can live a long life with the help of __________.
B. medical technology
文章第2段第2句话…the answer depends on technology and our ability to use it widely What does the bold-typed phrase “this information” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
1. D。本题考查代词的指代内容。从文章第三段一句“While you were below, Deep Worker’s exact location was being tracked.”可知，this information是The track of Deep Worker。2. Sylvia Earle is probably a scientist who __________.3. According to Paragraph 4, which statement about Sylvia is TRUE? Sylvia __________.4. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?2. B。本题为细节题。从文章最后一段中的“Sylvia and other scientists are learning more about the ocean, especially the deep sea, than ever before.”可知选B。3. B。本题为细节题，与第二题一脉相承“These ocean problems in Florida and in many other parts of the world make people like Sylvia anxious.”可知，选B。4. D。 本题为主旨题。主旨题的解题线索一般出现在首段或尾段。本题从最后一段信息可知，是运用Deep Worker这一机器人模型进行深海探索和保护，所以选D。好词好句梳理：
The more we know about a place, the better we understand it.
句意分析：我们越了解一个地方，我们就越懂得它。语法点：
1. know about
2. “The + 比较级…, the + 比较级…”表示“越…就越…”
语法点：比较级的用法是高考翻译中的重要考点，也可以适时在作文中运用。Studying Abroad: Hardships and Rewards.——speaking and writing Nowadays, __________is becoming more and more popular, especially in __________.
Obviously, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. __________(论点1). __________(论据1). What's more, __________(论点2). __________(论据2).
However, Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __________(话题) is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, __________（缺点一）. In addition, __________（缺点二）.
Therefore, __________ should be viewed as a two-edged sword, which presents us with both benefits and troubles. The best policy, as I see it, is to take into consideration __________ and __________. Personally, I choose __________.1. transmit
transmit information传输信息
2. existence?
in existence现有的；现存的；实际存在的；实有的
come into existence 成立；开始存在
3.claim
claim for要求；索取
claim for compensation索赔
lay claim to要求；自以为议论文写作模板1. 复习精讲提升部分的内容;
2. 请在规定时间内完成讲义中课后巩固部分。下面划线部分为文章中含有动名词的句子，请说明动名词在句中承担了什么句子成分。课件24张PPT。下面划线部分为文章中含有动名词的句子，请说明动名词在句中承担了什么句子成分。?动名词用法【知识梳理1】动名词的常见固定搭配
跟动名词作宾语的动词有：
考虑（consider）完成（finish）多练习（practise）
避免（avoid）冒险（risk）求建议（suggest/recommend）
面对（face）喜欢（enjoy/appreciate）和介意（mind）
允许（allow）承认（admit/permit）或放弃（give up/abandon）
推迟（put off/delay/postpone）逃避（escape）不原谅（excuse/pardon）
提及（mention）坚持(keep/insist on）要想象（imagine/fancy）
还有词组feel like 和can’t stand！例1. Young people may risk _______ deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.（2013年）
A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone
C
例2. When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble_____ the right things to say.（2012年）
A. thinking of B. to think of C. thought of D. think of
A
例3. It’s no use ______ without taking action.（2011年）
A. complain B. complaining C.being complained D. to be complained
B例4. I had great difficulty________the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.（2010年）
A. find B. found C. to find D. finding
D
例5. Bill suggested _____ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.（2009年）
A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold
CPart 1
can’t stand (无法忍受)doing
take up开始从事……..
feel like doing
insist on doing
can’t help doing sth禁不住做某事
be busy (in) doing
have difficulty / trouble (in) doing【知识梳理2】动名词的相关句型Part 2
have a good / wonderful /hard time (in) doing
It’s no use /good/ a waste of time /fun doing
there is no sense / point(in) doing 表示做什么事情没有意义
It is worth doing sth. 值得去做某事
keep/stop/ prevent sb. from doing 阻止某人做某事
There is no telling /saying /knowing …..不可能……例1. This model worker is worth ____.
A. learning from B. being learned from C. to be learned from D.to learn from
例2. I don’t think the play is worth _____.
A. to see B. seeing C. to be seen D. being seen
例3. While shopping, people sometimes can’t help ____ into buying something they don’t really need.
to persuade B. persuading
C. being persuaded D. be persuaded
A BC 例4. “I must apologize for ____ ahead of time.” “That’s all right.”
A. letting you not know B. not letting you know
C. letting you know not D. letting not you know
例5. “The old lady has been sad since her husband died.” “Yes, she needs _____.”
A. being comforted B. comforting C. be comforted D. to comfort
例6. They say _____ is no use _______ over spilt milk.
A. that, to cry B. it, to cry C. that, crying D. it, crying
例7. _______ is worth doing at all is worth doing well.
A. That B. Which C. Whatever D. If BBDC例8. Your door needs _____. Would you like me to do it for you?
A. to paint B. painting C. paint D. to be painting
例9. It’s no use _____ me at the office this week because I’m ________.
A. to ring, on my leave B. to ring, at leave
C. ringing, in holidays D. ringing, on holiday
例10. Soon I got used _____ at seven in the morning.
A. to rise B. to have risen C. to rising D. to be rising
BDC 【知识梳理3】介词to+动名词的相关句型：
带to +doing 注明：to都是介词，其后面应该接动名词
be used/accustomed to doing….. 习惯做某事
look forward to …..期待做某事
lead to …..导致做某事
devote oneself to …..致力于做某事
to be devoted to …献身于……
stick to….. 坚持做某事
object to …..反对做某事
【知识梳理3】介词to+动名词的相关句型：
get down to…..开始认真处理，着手做
pay attention to …..注意做某事
When it comes to …..谈到…
be addicted to 沉迷于….
find one’s way to…..
admit to…承认……….
put one’s heart/mind to …….投入……..
In addition to ……..此外，还有例1.Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ______ some schools for poor children.
A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up
例2. “The old lady has been sad since her husband died.” “Yes, she needs ______.”
A. being comforted B. comforting C. be comforted D. to comfort
例3.The new computer leads to ______ a lot of people and labor. It’s a ______ machine.
A. save, labor-saving B. saving, labor-saved
C. saving, labor-saving D. save, labor-savedBBC例4.We are looking forward to ______ you at our party, but we wouldn’t mind ______ soon if you have to.
A. have, you to leave B. having, your leaving
C. have, your leaving D. having, your being left
例5. Bethune never stopped ______ to save our wounded soldiers _______ he died at his post on November 12, 1939.
A. working, until B. to work, until C. working, not until D. to work, not until
例6. The old nurse devoted herself _______ the patients.
A. to look after B. to looking after C. in looking after D. for looking after
例7.The discovery of new evidence led to _______.
A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief
C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caughtBABC 【知识梳理4】接不定式、动名词意义不同的动词和结构：
stop to do/stop doing 停下来做……/ 停止做…….
remember to do/remember doing 记住要去做……/ 记得曾做过……
forget to do/forget doing 忘记去做……/ 忘记曾做过……
try to do/try doing 努力（尽力）做……/ 试着做……
regret to do/regret doing 遗憾地去做……/ 后悔做过……
mean to do/mean doing 打算做……/ 意味着做……
want to do/want doing 想做……/ 需要被做……
go on to do/go on doing 接着做另一件事/ 接着做未做完的同一事 like to do/like doing 喜欢做……（非经常性）/ 喜欢做（指习惯，爱好）.
feel like doing/would like to do 想做……/（要做……）
set about doing/set out to do 开始做……
would rather + do than + do 宁愿……而不愿
used to + do 过去经常做……
be used to + do 被用来做……
be/get used to doing 养成做……习惯can’t help (to) + do 不能帮助做……
can’t help doing 止不住地做……
can’t help but + do 不得不
cannot choose but +do=cannot but do 不得不做某事
have no choice but to do sth 别无选择不得不做某事When Strasser walked into the living room, he caught the intruder (try) to steal his computer.
trying
I imagined (sign) by some famous model companies．
being signed
动名词的相关句型：
can’t help doing sth禁不住做某事
have difficulty / trouble (in) doing
It’s no use /good/ a waste of time /fun doing
There is no sense / point(in) doing 表示做什么事情没有用处/没有意义介词to+动名词的相关句型：be used/accustomed to doing….. 习惯做某事
look forward to …..期待做某事
lead to …..导致做某事
devote oneself to …..致力于做某事
to be devoted to …献身于……stick to….. 坚持做某事
object to …..反对做某事
get down to…..开始认真处理，着手做
pay attention to …..注意做某事
When it comes to …..谈到…be addicted to 沉迷于….
find one’s way to…..
admit to…承认……….
put one’s heart/mind to …….投入……..
In addition to ……..此外，还有Life is hard. We should not give up hope. By the time we have given up, we are finished. Chances are always there. We have to grab every single opportunity to help, to love and to serve. To live our life happier, full of joy, we have to set our goal and even dream big. If we choose the shortest path in life, we will never learn. To be or not to be, we have to be SOMEBODY. The fastest way to gain love is to love others first! Do not hide your talent, your knowledge and your beautiful heart. Go for your dream and live for it.课件22张PPT。Life is hard. We should not give up hope. By the time we have given up, we are finished. Chances are always there. We have to grab every single opportunity to help, to love and to serve. To live our life happier, full of joy, we have to set our goal and even dream big. If we choose the shortest path in life, we will never learn. To be or not to be, we have to be SOMEBODY. The fastest way to gain love is to love others first! Do not hide your talent, your knowledge and your beautiful heart. Go for your dream and live for it. 【知识梳理1】名言警句词汇Word:
s-u-c-c-e-s-s, 是success，成功。
self-confidence understanding creativity cooperation experience serious spirit【知识梳理2】励志句子◆The good seaman is known in bad weather. ◆While there is life there is hope. ◆Pursue your object, be it what it will, steadily and indefatigably. ◆ Victory won‘t come to me unless I go to it. -- M. Moore◆We must accept finite disappointment, but we must never lose infinite hope. -- Martin Luther King
◆The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for circumstances they want, and if they cannot find them, make them. -- Bernard ShawQuestions:
1. Who happened to Heather Mills McCarthney in 1993?
2. What earned her a nomination?1.?She was so badly hurt by a motorcycle crashing into her that the doctors had to cut her leg.2.?Her work with artificial limbs基础A篇生词梳理：
enviable 令人羡慕的； artificial limbs 人造假肢；
war-torn 受战争伤害的； nomination 提名;
persistence 坚持不懈; positive 积极的
好词好句梳理：
Heather’s persistence(坚持不懈) and determination impress everyone who knows her. Heather believes anyone can make a positive(积极的) difference in the world.
句意分析：Heather的坚持不懈和决心给每一个认识她的人都留下了印象。她相信任何人都可以在世界上作出积极的作用。语法点：
1. It was expensive, and she felt it a waste to just throw away the old one.
语法考查：it作形式宾语，类似动词还有find, make等。如：
The modern science and technology makes it possible to lengthen humans’ life span.
2. It was through her charity work that she met her husband Paul McCartney.
语法考查：强调句，基本结构：It was (is) +被强调的部分(如主语、宾语、状语等) + that + 句中其它成份。Questions:
1.?What can we learn from the examples in the first paragraph?
2.?What?does competition mean in the author’s opinion?基础B篇1.?Life is full of chances and challenge. 2.?competition is kind and necessary.基础C篇What’s the author’s attitude towards failure?Failure is part of life.
In another way, failure may be a way towards success.基础D篇Do you know yourself well?2. How to have a complete understanding of yourself?好词好句梳理：
In all one’s lifetime, it is oneself that one spends the most time being with or dealing with. But it is exactly oneself that one has the least understanding of.
Whether you think you are a towering tree or a leaf of grass, a high mountain or a small stone, you stand for a state of nature that has its own value. Speaking and Writing How to describe one of your teacher?WRITING FOR REFERENCE:
Our English Teacher
????? Our English teacher, Ms Huang, came to our school in 1970. She has been an English teacher for more than 30 years.?She works hard and has been a model teacher for many years.
???? She is kind and friendly to us after class, but She is rather strict with us in class. She always encourages us to speak and read more English. She often says, "Practice makes perfect."
???? She is good at teaching and tries her best to make every lesson lively and interesting. She often gives us slide shows,?teaches us English songs and helps us to put on short English plays.
???? She is not only our teacher but also our friend. We all respect and love her.
???? Tomorrow she is going to attend an important meeting, at which she will be given a medal for her advanced deeds.What do you think of online shopping?WRITING FOR REFERENCE:
范文1 （支持网店）
Nowadays there is a common phenomenon that an increasing number of people are obsessed with online stores. Some have positive attitude towards purchasing things online, while others who prefer physical stores are against them. As far as I’m concerned, the pros of online shopping far outweigh the cons.
To begin with, it is obvious that online shopping plays an essential role in our daily life. Online stores offer us opportunities to choose varieties of things which definitely saves our time.
Furthermore, gone are the days when we went to stores one by one ,taking several bags with us ,and nowadays we can just sit in front of the computer , choosing whatever we want before we pay our bills altogether.In contrast to online stores, physical stores take us more time and their inconvenience and limitation keep us from selecting the things we are eager to buy.
Last but not least, despite the fact that we cannot ignore the fact that the quality of some online products are less satisfactory, with the awareness of sustainability, people nowadays turn out to be more responsible and honest. As a result, there’s no need to worry too much about the quality of products which we buy online.
In brief, considering all the benefits that online stores have brought to our life, I’m firmly convinced that they’re not only convenient but also irreplaceable especially in this modern age. It is high time that we made the best use of online shopping and made our life more colorful.结构总结：
1）先交代自己倾向于哪种
2）后在陈述原因的时候自己选择的好处，和另外一种的弊端。1. 阅读中的词汇短语及句型；
2. 写作句型及思路总结。
HAMLET
To be, or not to be: that is the question,
Whether'tis nobler in the mind to suffer
The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,
Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,
And by opposing end them.
To die, to sleep;
No more; and by a sleep to say we end
The heartache, and the thousand natural shocks
That flesh is heir to, 'tis a consummation
Devoutly to be wished.
To die, to sleep.
To sleep, perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub;
For in that sleep of death what dreams may come
When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,
Must give us pause. There's the respect
That makes calamity of so long life阅读下面的诗篇，思考to do 不定式在其中的用法。译文：
生存还是毁灭，这是一个值得考虑的问题；
默然忍受命运暴虐的毒箭，或是挺身反抗人世无涯的苦难,
通过斗争把它们扫个干净，这两种行为，哪一种更加高尚？
死了；睡着了；什么都完了；
要是在这一种睡眠之中，我们心头的创痛，以及其他无数血肉之躯所不能避免的打击，
都可以从此消失，那正是我们求之不得的结局。
死了；睡着了；睡着了也许还会做梦；
嗯，阻碍就在这儿：因为当我们摆脱了这一具朽腐的皮囊以后，在那死的睡眠里，究竟将要做些什么梦，那不能不使我们踌躇顾虑。
人们甘心久困于患难之中，也就是为了这个缘故；
谁愿意忍受人世的鞭挞和讥嘲、压迫者的凌辱、傲慢者的冷眼、被轻蔑的爱情的惨痛、法律的迁延、官的
横暴和费尽辛勤所换来的小人的鄙视，要是他只要用一柄小小的刀子，就可以清算他自己的一生？
谁愿意负着这样的重担，在烦劳的生命的压迫下呻吟流汗，倘不是因为惧怕不可知的死后，惧怕那从来不曾有一个旅人回来过的神秘之国，是它迷惑了我们的意志，使我们宁愿忍受目前的磨折，不敢向我们所不知道的痛苦飞去？这样，重重的顾虑使我们全变成了懦夫，决心的赤热的光彩，被审慎的思维盖上了一层灰色，伟大的事业在这一种考虑之下，也会逆流而退，失去了行动的意义。
?
——《哈姆雷特》（英·莎士比亚）中的经典独白课件18张PPT。HAMLET
To be, or not to be: that is the question,
Whether'tis nobler in the mind to suffer
The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,
Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,
And by opposing end them.
To die, to sleep;
No more; and by a sleep to say we end
The heartache, and the thousand natural shocks
That flesh is heir to, 'tis a consummation
Devoutly to be wished.
To die, to sleep.
To sleep, perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub;
For in that sleep of death what dreams may come
When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,
Must give us pause. There's the respect
That makes calamity of so long life;
To be or not to be,
To live or not to live,
To live richly and abundantly and eagerly, or to live dully and meanly and scarcely.
一、不定式作主语和表语
It is a custom to shake hands with people in the office every morning.
His wish was to become a skillful worker.
二、不定式作宾语I find it difficult to speak English fluently.打算(intend)计划(plan)和期盼(expect/desire)
假装(pretend)喜欢(would like/love/prefer)表祝愿(wish)
决定(decide)同意(agree)来帮助(help)
设法(manage)说服(persuade)不拒绝(refuse)
好像(seem/appear)答应(promise)做努力(attempt)
选择(choose)询问(ask)多学习(learn)
告诉(tell)失败(fail)也付得起(afford)
v + to do ?三、不定式作补语：
Someone was heard to come upstairs.1. 常见的以不定式作宾语补语的动词及短语有ask，allow，advise，beg，call on，expect，force, forbid, invite, teach, would like, depend on. wait for等。
2. 以省略to的不定式作补语的感官动词有：
feel（一‘‘感’’），
listen to，hear(二‘‘听’’)；
have，let，make(三‘‘使”)；
look at，see，watch，observe，notice（五‘‘看’’）。
但这些感官动词若在被动语态的句子中，动词不定式则必须带to，let除外。
四、不定式作定语：
He has a lot of books to read.1. 数词和最高级后常接不定式，如the first，the second，the last，the best等。
2. 有些名词后常接不定式，如time，way，right，chance，reason等。
五、不定式作状语：
I opened the window to let some fresh air in.不定式的时态与语态意义
跟不定式作宾语的动词有：
打算(intend)计划(plan)和期盼(expect/desire)
假装(pretend)喜欢(would like/love/prefer)表祝愿(wish)
决定(decide)同意(agree)来帮助(help)
设法(manage)说服(persuade)不拒绝(refuse)
好像(seem/appear)答应(promise)做努力(attempt)
选择(choose)询问(ask)多学习(learn)
告诉(tell)失败(fail)也付得起(afford)
不定式的相关句型：
(1) have no choice but to do …….
have nothing to do but do /do nothing but /except do…….
can’t but do/can’t help but do/can’t choose but do
(2) had better do /would rather do /would sooner do /can’t help but do /why not do
would like to do ……..rather than do …….
(3) there is no need to do ……..
(4) it is said /known/reported/thought/considered/believed to do /be doing/have done
(5) only to do /never to do
(6) consider，judge，believe, make, feel, think, find +it +adj.+ to do sth.
(7) ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time ,wish to do
(8) be to blame, be to let 主动表被动
1. 复习精讲提升部分的内容;
2. 请在规定时间内完成讲义中的课后巩固部分。课件23张PPT。Always believe that good things are possible, and remember that mistakes can be lessons that lead to discoveries. Take your fear and transform it into trust; learn to rise above anxiety and doubt. Turn your “worry hours” into “productive hours”. Take the energy that you have wasted and direct it toward every worthwhile effort that you can be involved in.
请坚信，美好的降临并非不可能，失误也许是成功的前奏。将惶恐化作信任，学会超越担忧和疑虑。让“诚惶诚恐”的时光变得“富有成效”。不要挥霍浪费精力，将它投到有意义的事情中去。
表示作者态度的词汇有哪些？一、赞同
positive adj.肯定的,积极的, 确实的
favorable adj.赞成的, 有利的
approval n. 赞成, 承认, 正式批准
supportive adj.支持的，支援的
enthusiasm n.狂热, 热心, 积极性
defensive 为……而辩护，防卫的
practical adj. 实际的
logical 符合逻辑的
reasonable 合理的
rational 理性的
?
negative adj.否定的, 消极的, 负的, 阴性的
disapproval 不赞成
objection 异议，反对/ objective 反对的
opposition 反对
critical 批评的
criticism 批评批判
worried adj.闷闷不乐的,焦虑的
impractical 不实际的
illogical adj. 不合逻辑的
irrelevant 不相关的
radical adj.激进的
biased 有偏见的
prejudiced? 有成见的；偏颇的
conservative adj. 保守的
二、否定
三、怀疑
suspicion n.猜疑, 怀疑
suspicious adj.(～ of) 可疑的, 怀疑的
doubt 怀疑的
doubtful adj.可疑的, 不确的, 疑心的
puzzling / puzzled adj.使迷惑的, 使莫明其妙的
confused 困惑的
四、客观 (即好的坏的都说，选的可能性极大)
objective adj.客观的
neutral adj.中立的
impartial adj.公平的, 不偏不倚的
impersonal adj. 不带个人色彩的
unbiased adj.没有偏见的
unprejudiced adj.公平的, 无偏见的
factual adj.事实的, 实际的,根据事实的
五、主观
subjective adj.主观的, 个人的
tolerance n.宽容，容忍，忍受
tolerant 宽容的 / intolerable
sensitive 敏感[锐]的,易受伤害的
scared adj.恐惧的 scary 可怕的
reserved adj.保留的, 包租的
moderate adj.中等的, 适度的, 适中的v.缓和
mild adj.温和的, 温柔的, 淡味的, 适度的
amazed adj.吃惊的, 惊奇的
concerned adj.关心的, 有关的
五、主观
amused 可笑的
humorous 幽默的
fascinated 迷人的
curious 好奇的
unforgiving 不可饶恕的
pitiful 可怜的，令人同情的
stressful 有压力的
merciful 仁慈的 mercy 仁慈
innocent 无辜的，无罪的
sociable 好交际的，友善的
六、积极
active 主动的，积极的
positive 积极的，肯定的，
optimistic adj.乐观的
confident adj.自信的, 确信的
interested adj.感兴趣的,
impressive adj.给人深刻印象的, 感人的
respective 尊敬的
persuasive 令人信服的，有说服力的
convinced 信服的 / convincing 令人信服的
七、消极的
passive 被动的，消极的
negative 消极的
pessimistic 悲观的
depressed 消沉的，压抑的，抑郁的
frustrated 失意的，挫败的
disappointed 失望的/ disappointing令人失望的
gloomy adj.黑暗的, 阴沉的, 阴郁的
indifferent 漠不关心的
unconcerned 不关心的
blue 忧郁的
题型说明答题方法题型说明事实询问题数据推算题推理判断题识图解意题主旨大意题常识题答题方法
首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料。
其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。 要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性。对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。 I’ve loved my mother’s desk since I was just tall enough to see above the top of it as mother sat doing letters. Standing by her chair, looking at the ink bottle, pens and white paper, I decided that the act of writing must be the most wonderful thing in the world.
The writer began to love her mother’s desk .
A. after Mother died B. before she became a writer
C. when she was a child D. when mother gave it to her I never saw her angry, never saw her cry. I knew she loved me; she showed it in action. But as a young girl, I wanted heart-to-heart talks between mother and daughter.
They never happened. And a gulf opened between us. I was “too emotional(易动感情的)”. But she lived “on the surface”.
2. The passage shows that .
Mother was cold on the surface but kind in her heart to her daughter
Mother was too serious about everything her daughter had done
Mother cared much about her daughter in words
Mother wrote to her daughter in careful words. I never saw her angry, never saw her cry. I knew she loved me; she showed it in action. But as a young girl, I wanted heart-to-heart talks between mother and daughter.
They never happened. And a gulf opened between us. I was “too emotional(易动感情的)”. But she lived “on the surface”.
3. The world “gulf” in the passage means .
deep understanding between the old and the young.
different ideas between the mother and the daughter.
free talks between mother and daughter.
part of the sea going far in land. Now the present of her desk told me, as she’d never been able to, that she was pleased that writing was my chosen work. I cleaned the desk carefully and found some papers inside — a photo of my father and a one-page letter, folded (折叠) and refolded many times.
4. What did Mother do with her daughter’s letter asking for forgiveness?
She had never received the letter.
For years, she often talked about the letter.
She didn’t forgive her daughter at all in all her life.
She read the letter again and again till she died.主旨题。这个故事是以妈妈的书桌为线索引出的妈妈对作者的那种深沉的爱，所以选Ｃ最佳。5. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. My letter to Mother B. Mother and Children
C. My Mother’s Desk D. Talks between Mother and me.做阅读时，结合题目的关键词，在文章中找到出处，客观的结合主题推断
1. 复习精讲提升部分的内容;
2. 请在规定时间内完成讲义中的课后巩固部分。静夜思 课件25张PPT。下面是李白-静夜思的两种翻译版本，对比他们在表达上有什么不一样的地方？ ?
Version one
In the Quiet Night
So bright a gleam on the foot of my bed;
Could there have been a frost already？
Lifting my head to look, i found that it was moonlight.
Sinking back again, i thought suddenly of my home.
?
Version two
Night Thoughts
In front of my bed the moonlight is very bright.
I wonder if that can be frost on the floor?
I lift up my head and look at the full moon, the dazzling moon.
I dropped my head, and thin of the home of old days.
?
生词备注：
gleam n. 微光，闪光
frost n. 霜，冰冻
dazzle v. 使……炫目；使……眼花
?
现在分词的四种形式
doing：主动/进行
The man standing on the platform is waving his hand to us.
2）being done：被动/进行
The problem being discussed is very important.
3) having done：主动／完成
Having done his homework, Tim played chess with his friends.
4) having been done：被动/完成
Having been surrounded by the flood for over a week, the villagers lacked food and medicine.过去分词：donehaving been done vs doneWritten in simple English, the book is easy to read.
Built more than 800 years ago, the Krimlin is the working place of the Russian president.
Having been surrounded by the flood for over a week, the villagers lacked food and medicine.
Having been shown round the library, the visitors were led to the audio-visual lab.
过去分词所表示的动作也发生在谓语动词之前，与逻辑主语的关系也是被动，但它不像having been done强调两个动作先后发生，过去分词经常可表示一种完成的状态。
?She remained silent, not knowing what to say.
Not hearing the bell, the teacher kept on teaching.
分词的否定形式：not +分词
分词的功能?1. 表语The situation is inspiring.
2.宾语补足语Mary heard someone knocking at the door.3. 定语 He took a burning stick from the fire.
There was a lighted candle at the corner of the table.
4. 状语 Hearing the news, they jumped for joy.分词独立结构 Because I had lost all my money, I had to give up my plan.
= Having lost all my money, I had to give up my plan.The work done, they set to clean the room.
= After the work was done, they set to clean the room.
The little boy called out to his mother, with tears running down his cheeks.
现在分词有形式上的变化；
否定式：not + 现在分词
2、分词可以充当表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
在be、seem、remain等词后面是表语，--ing一般理解为主动或译为“令人……”常用（doing、done)
在keep、find、see、make等词后面会出现分词作宾语补足语的情况，要关注和宾语之间的主被动；常用（doing、done)
作为定语，单个的词会出现在名词之前，短语的形式一般出现在名词之后，要关注和被修饰的名词之间的主被动，常用（doing、done、being done）
作为状语，要关注和句子主语之间的主被动以及动作的先后关系，常用（doing、done、having done、having been done)
独立主格结构可以看作是主语+分词的形式，常考的有with 结构否定式：not + 分词
2、分词可以充当表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
在be、seem、remain等词后面是表语，--ing一般理解为主动或译为“令人……”常用（doing、done)
在keep、find、see、make等词后面会出现分词作宾语补足语的情况，要关注和宾语之间的主被动；常用（doing、done)
作为定语，单个的词会出现在名词之前，短语的形式一般出现在名词之后，要关注和被修饰的名词之间的主被动，常用（doing、done、being done）
作为状语，要关注和句子主语之间的主被动以及动作的先后关系，常用（doing、done、having done、having been done)
独立主格结构可以看作是主语+分词的形式，常考的有with 结构1. 复习精讲提升部分的内容;
2. 请在规定时间内完成讲义中的课后巩固部分。For more than six million American children, coming home after school means coming home to an empty house. Some deal with the situation by watching TV. Some may hide. But all of them have something in common. They spend part of each day alone. They are called latchkey children. They’re children who look after themselves while their parents work. And their bad condition has become a subject of concern.
Lynette Long was once the headmaster of an elementary school. She said, “We had a school rule against wearing jewelry. A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys attached. I was constantly telling them to put them inside shirts. There were so many keys, it never came to my mind what they meant.” Slowly, she learned they were house keys. READ & ANSWER QUESTIONSShe and her husband began talking to the children who had them. They learned of the impact (影响) working couples and single parents were having on their children. Fear is the biggest problem faced by children at home alone. One in each three latchkey children the Longs talked to reported being scared. Many had nightmares and were worried about their own safety.
The most common way latchkey children deal with their fears is by hiding. It might be in a shower stall, under a bed in a closet. The second is TV. They’ll often play it at high volume. It’s hard to get statistics(情况, 材料)on latchkey children, the Longs learned. Most parents are slow to admit they leave their children alone. ?
What kind of children does this passage mainly talk about?
What problems do they mainly suffer from being left alone？
Why does the passage refer to Lynette Long?QUESTIONS课件14张PPT。For more than six million American children, coming home after school means coming home to an empty house. Some deal with the situation by watching TV. Some may hide. But all of them have something in common. They spend part of each day alone. They are called latchkey children. They’re children who look after themselves while their parents work. And their bad condition has become a subject of concern.
Lynette Long was once the headmaster of an elementary school. She said, “We had a school rule against wearing jewelry. A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys attached. I was constantly telling them to put them inside shirts. There were so many keys, it never came to my mind what they meant.” Slowly, she learned they were house keys.
She and her husband began talking to the children who had them. They learned of the impact(影响) working couples and single parents were having on their children. Fear is the biggest problem faced by children at home alone. One in each three latchkey children the Longs talked to reported being scared. Many had nightmares and were worried about their own safety.
The most common way latchkey children deal with their fears is by hiding. It might be in a shower stall, under a bed in a closet. The second is TV. They’ll often play it at high volume. It’s hard to get statistics(情况, 材料)on latchkey children, the Longs learned. Most parents are slow to admit they leave their children alone.
What kind of children does this passage mainly talk about?
What problems do they mainly suffer from being left alone？
Why does the passage refer to Lynette Long?
?
题型说明答题方法题型说明概括题细节题推测题判断题答题方法
1.概括题：文章的主题要体现出来，但不可以过于片面
2.细节题：对于细节的判断和补充，首先在文章中找到对应的依据，在理解的基础上答题，注意干扰项的排除
3.推测题：结合题目的关键词，在文章中找到出处，客观的结合主题推断
4.判断题：结合选项给出的信息，从细节上在原文中定位，客观的判断筛选信息。
Right is right. Right? Of course. But is left wrong? Well, the Romans used to think so. They thought left-handed people were mistakes of nature. Latin, the language of the Romans, had many words that expressed this view. Some words we use today still have this meaning. The Latin word “dexter” means “right”. The English word “dexterous” comes from this word. It means “handy” (clever with hands). So, right is handy. But the Latin word for left is “sinister”. The English word “sinister” comes from this word. Sinister means “evil” (very bad). Is it fair to call right-handed people handy and left-handed people evil? Well, fair or not, many languages have words that express such beliefs. In old English, the word for left means “weak”. That isn’t much of an improvement over “evil”.
4. Which of the following is NOT right, according to the article?
At one time, left-handed people were forced to use their right hands.
Left-handed people today are being treated better than those in the past.
There are not as many left-handed people as there are right-handed people today.
“Dexterous” comes from Latin, means “evil” and English “sinister” means “handy”.
Not very long ago, children were often forced to write with their right hands. Doctors have since found that this can be very harmful. You should use the hand you were born to use.What does the passage lead us to believe when one writes?
He can only use his right hand.
He can only use his left hand.
He can use either his left hand or his right hand.
He can use both his left hand and his right hand.
People who use their left hands are just starting to get better treatment. But why they get all these bad names in the first place? One reason may be that there are not as many left-handed people as there are right-handed people. There is one left-handed person for every five right-handed ones. People who are different are often thought to be wrong. But attitudes do seem to be changing. Fair-minded right-handed people are finally starting to give left-handed people a hand. 2. The last sentence of this article means .
Fair-minded right-handed people want to change the habit of the left-handed people
Fair-minded right-handed people are starting to help the left-handed people
Fair-minded right-handed people are starting to use left hand to write and so on
Fair-minded right-handed people are starting to give up using their left hands
Not very long ago, children were often forced to write with their right hands. Doctors have since found that this can be very harmful. You should use the hand you were born to use.3. After we read the article we can certainly know that .
left-handed people have been treated poorly
the number of the left-handed people is larger than that of right-handed people
right-handed people are much cleverer than left-handed people
left-handed people are less smart but hardworking
结合题目的关键词，在文章中找到出处，客观的结合主题推断1. 复习精讲提升部分的内容;
2. 请在规定时间内完成讲义中的课后巩固部分。Presentation:
Describe the picture below with the phrases given in the brackets. make a living,
choose,
go to the street,
have some talents in,
get some money,stop,
enjoy music,
leave,
remember,
leave some money,
show their thanks,
support his family课件23张PPT。make a living, choose, go to the street, have some talents in, get some money, stop, enjoy music, leave, remember, leave some money, show their thanks, support his family
Presentation: Describe the picture below with the phrases given in the brackets.
Possible version
To make a living, many people choose to go to the street. Having some talents either in singing or in dancing, they perform in the street to get some money. That is to say, singing or dancing in the street is their full time job. Usually travelers will stop to enjoy the beautiful music or dance. Before leaving they will remember to leave some money to the performer to show their thanks. With the money given, the performers can support his family and himself.Presentation: Describe the picture below with the phrases given in the brackets. 动词不定式
动词不定式作主语
动词不定式用主语时，为了避免句子“头重脚轻”，常用it作形式主语。
(1) It is/was + adj. + for/of sb. + to do sth.
It’s very kind of you to say so.
你能这样说真是太好了。
(2) It is/was + n. + (for sb.) + to do sth.
It was a bad way to ride there.
骑自行车去那里不是个好办法。
(3) It takes/took sb…+to do sth.
It took me two hours to finish my work yesterday.
昨天我用了两个小时才干完活。
agree, begin, want, would like, wish, hope, like, expect, learn, manage, pretend, try, refuse, choose, promise, ask, demand, but/except动词不定式作做宾语
to do动词不定式作做做宾语补足语
1.某些动词 + sb.+ to do sth.
advise, ask, tell, help, wish, want, like, expect, teach, warn, invite, allow
Miss Yang likes us to read books in the library.
杨老师喜欢让我们再图书馆里看书。
Do your parents allow you to go out in the night?
你父母允许你晚上出去吗？
动词不定式作做做宾语补足语
2.某些动词 + sb.+ do sth.
使役动词 let, have, make;
感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice, hear, listen to, smell, feel, 等后作宾补，省略to。 注意：在被动语态中则to不能省掉。 I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance. The boss made them work the whole night. =They were made to work the whole night.
(1) “too + adj. /adv. + to do”结构表示“太……而不能”，常和“so…that…”及“not…enough to do sth.” 互换。
The girl is too young to go to school.
= The girl is so young that she can’t go to school.
=The girl is not old enough to go to school.
(2) in order to do sth./so as to do sth. 短语常用作状语，表示“为了”
In order to achieve my dream, I must study hard.
为实现梦想，我必须努力学习。
(3) so + adj./adv. + to … (如此……以至于……) 结构。
You’re so kind to tell me the truth.
你真好，告诉了我真话。
动名词动名词做主语Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.
躺在床上看书对你眼睛有害。动名词做宾语 consider，suggest (建议)，like(喜欢)，enjoy (喜欢)，miss(错过)，admit(承认)，have fun(玩得高兴)， be busy (繁忙)，can’t help (禁不住)，give up (放弃)，finish(完成)等。
.
doingto do vs doing(1) remember to do sth. VS remember doing sth.
remember to do sth. 指“记住去做某事”，表示还未做某事。
eg. Remember to turn off the light when you leave the room.离开房间时记住关灯。
remember doing sth. 指“记住曾做过某事”，表示事情已做过。
eg. I remember giving your book back. 我记得已还给你书了。
to do vs doing(2) forget to do sth. VS forget doing sth.
forget to do sth. 表示“忘记去做某事”，意为尚未做某事；
eg. Don’t forget to turn off the light when you leave. 你走时，别忘了关灯。
forget doing sth.表示“忘记做过某事”，意为自己做过某事，但已经忘了。
eg. I forgot posting this letter. 我忘了已经把信发了。
to do vs doing(3) stop to do sth, VS stop doing sth
stop后接不定式，表示停止正做的事而去做另一件事。
eg. They stopped to listen, but there was nothing. 他们停下来听，但是什么也没有。
stop后接动名词，表示停止正在做的动作。
eg. When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped making noise. 老师走进教室时，学生们停止了吵闹。
。
to do vs doing(4) try to do sth. VS try doing sth.
try to do sth. 表示努力或试图完成某个动作或达到某种目的，具有主观意愿，含无法完成之意。意为“努力（试图）做某事”。
eg. He tried to climb up the tree, but he could not. 他试图爬上那棵树，但不成。
try doing sth. 表示试验某种做法是否行得通，或看其效果如何，意为“试着做某事”。
eg. He tried turning his key in the lock and the door was opened. 他试着在锁里转了下钥匙，门被打开了。
to do vs doing(5) see/hear/watch/notice sb. do sth. VS see/hear/watch/notice sb. doing sth.
前一种用法表示do这一动作的全过程，省略不定式符号to; 后一种用法表示do这一动作正在进行。
eg. Did you see a woman go into that hotel? 你看见一位妇女进了那个宾馆吗？
eg. I noticed an ugly man stealing my purse. 我注意到一个丑陋的男人在偷我的钱包。
分词
1：现在分词有四种形式：
doing (主动、进行）；
being done（被动、进行）；
having done （主动、完成）； having been done (被动、完成）。
现在分词可以充当：
表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语非谓语动词的分类、意义及构成：在英语中能充当非谓语成分的主要有以下几种结构：动词不定式、动名词和分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）。顾名思义，非谓语动词在从句中不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。非谓语动词的分类、意义及构成：1. 复习精讲提升部分的内容;
2. 请在规定时间内完成讲义中的课后巩固部分。课件21张PPT。Q: Do you know the film INCEPTION?A1: Of course. It’s a popular film.A2: Of course. It’s an all the people like film.Which answer is grammatically right? A1 OR A2? People who have the highest EQ are the most successful.知识梳理1：概念与分类限制性定语从句He asked me a question which was about my study at school.两者区分非限定性定语从句On the desk there are twenty books, three of which are mine.定语从句的分类看与先行词之间是否有逗号，去掉之后意思是否完整1. A company __________ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
A. which B. whose C. who D. why
2. The town, _______ thousands of travelers visit every year, is known for its stone bridge and beautiful rivers.
A. which B. that C. where D. /
例题精讲知识梳理2：
定从关系词关系代词关系副词Who, which, that, whom, whose, as When, where, why指人的关系代词Your title1. 指人:who/whom/thatA doctor is a person who / that looks after people’s health.
Mr. White invited many friends to his party (who / whom / that) he respected much.
Nancy is the right person on whom you can depend.
2.指物:which/thatThe river which / that runs through the city brings us lots of pleasure.
The book (which / that) you just laid on the shelf is mine.
Here is the money with which I will buy a piano.小结关系代词在从句中作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略
当关系代词前有介词时，指人只能用whom, 指物只能用which
that 既可指人，又可指物，但是不可以放在介词后4.Whose作定语，可指人指物The girl whose father is a model worker is our monitor.3.As 1.常与the same…as, such..as连用 2. 引导非限定，位置比which灵活，前后中都可以，翻译为“正如”但是which只能放在主句之后，翻译为“这”例题精讲1. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _________are family members.
A. them B. that C. which D. whom
2. You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station ______you can hire to reach you host family.
A. which B. where C. when D. as
3. We felt it a pity that the research team failed to find such a plant ______ had been described in the botanist’s diary. （徐汇区）
A. that B. which C. as D. what
?
4. The new CRH train between Beijing and Shanghai _____ speed has been limited to 300 km/h focuses more on the safety of the passengers. （虹口区）
A. whose B. where C. that D. which
5. The old town has narrow streets and small houses _______are built close to each other.
A. they B. where C. what D. that例题精讲关系副词where-when-whyThe castle we have stayed is very old.
The castle we have stayed at is very old.
2. I’ll never forget the time when / during which we worked together.
3. I have come here to explain the reason why/for which I was absent from the meeting.wherewhich例题精讲1. In our daily life, we often come across occasion ______ we have to tell white lies to avoid hurting others.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
2. Enjoy yourselves in a multicultural evening, _____ local guests bring unique food and drink.（黄浦区）
A. where B. when C. which D. and
3. Another cultural reason ____ doing journalism is tough here is _____ people don’t want to stick their necks out （嘉定区）
that; because B. why; because
C. for which; why D. why; that
例题精讲4. I kept getting mysterious phone calls the caller would hang up as soon as I answered. （静安区）
A. where B. which C. when D. that
5. Safety in school has been of great concern because of frequent reports about accidents ______ students got injured or killed while in school. （闵行区）
A. why??????? B. when???? ?C. in which?? D. for which
知识梳理3：只用that不用which1.不定代词，all, little, something等2.序数词、形容词的最高级3.先行词有人有物4.先行词被the only, the very, the last等修饰5.为避免主句中which或who例题精讲1. Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually.
A. that B. where C. which D. whose
2. The thought of going back home was kept him happy while he was working abroad．
A. all that B. that C. all what D. Which
3. I refuse to accept the blame for something ________was someone else’s fault.
A. who B. that C. as D. what
例题精讲4. I’ll talk about a newly-opened market _______you may get all ________you need.
A. in which, which B. where, what C. where, that D. which, that
5. Will you please show me the way to the only tall building _______stands near the post office?
A. / B. in which C. that D. where
6. Both the girl and her dog ________were crossing the street were hit by a coming car.
A. which B. who C. they D. that
?
解题步骤定从选择题与单句填空
定从翻译
背诵词汇词组1. Do you like fiction movie? Why?
2. Could you please name some technologies that have make our life easier?
3. How do you think of these technologies? Good or bad?课件40张PPT。有人说，前行的路上可能会有100个障碍，何不微笑着给它1000个跨过去的理由？强者不是没有眼泪，而是含着眼泪仍能向前奔跑。结合以下几张图片，口头谈谈对坚持的理解。
高一下册Unit1重点句型复习On this lake was an island.
湖上有一个小岛。
On that island．one hundred years ago，lived the Phantom.
一百年前，在那个小岛上，住着一个幽灵。
此句为倒装结构，属于完全倒装。即谓语动词放到主语的前面。
作地点状语的介词短语放在句首时，句子要用完全倒装结构。
There goes the bell.
铃响了。
Down came the rain.
下雨了。
句子谓语是go，come，run等表示位置的动词和be动词，句中又有表示方位的副词（如there，here，up，down，out，in，away等），为了强调该副词，可将其放于句首，而将谓语动词全部置于主语之前。【注意】 但主语是人称代词时，主语仍置于动词之前。
Away he comes.他来了。
Here it comes．它来了。
At birth he was so ugly that his own mother made him wear a mask.so ...that意为“如此……以至”，连接一个结果状语从句，that有时可以省略。He then spent years wandering the earth until he found his home on the island.
wandering the earth是动名词结构，在句中充当介词宾语.
原句应是：He then spent years (in) wandering the earth until he found his home on the island.He had a difficult time (in) adapting himself to the strange environment.
他曾经很难适应这个陌生的环境。The Phantom fell in love with Christine, a beautiful young singer at the Opera.He was Raoul, a young man who loved Christine.
他是拉乌尔，一个深爱着克里斯汀的年轻人。a beautiful young singer at the Opera是名词词组作Christine的同位语，用于补充说明Christine的身份She understood how lonely his life had been.
how lonely his life had been是how引导的感叹句作宾语从句，结构为“how+ adj. /adv. +S+V”。She understood what a lonely life he had lived.
what引导的感叹句作宾语从句，结构为“what +n. /noun phrase +S+V”。
They burst in, ready to kill him.
ready to kill him为形容词短语作伴随状语They lay on the grass, relaxed.
他们躺在草地上，全身放松。
高一下册Unit2重点句型复习
Einstein used to say that the only gift he had was curiosity, but this story about him shows that he also had a sense of humor.
used to do意为“过去常常做某事（但现在一般已不再如此）”
be used to do被用来做某事
be used to doing 现在习惯于做某事As a young man with a growing reputation, Einstein received many invitations to explain his theories at different universities.invitations后面的不定式是用来修饰它们作后置定语的。当我们需要对一个名词作进一步解释时，可以在这个名词后面加不定式来修饰。Do you think he has the ability to control such a situation?
你认为他有能力控制这种局势吗？One evening, on their way to a distant university, Einstein said，‘‘I wish I didn’t have to give my lecture tonight, Hans.”
wish用来表示不太可能实现的愿望，或未实现的愿望，后面的宾语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。具体来说，表示与过去事实相反的愿望，用过去完成时；表示与现在事实相反的愿望，用过去时，be动词用were;表示将来不太可能实现的愿望，用could/would/should+动词原形。
How I wish I had taken your advice!
我多么希望接受了你的建议啊！（事实上没有接受。）
I wish my mother could come back from abroad and spend Christmas with me.
但愿我母亲能从国外回来跟我一起过圣诞节。（事实是这个愿望未必能实现。）He then asked a question so difficult that Hans had no idea about what he was talking about.so…that…意为“如此……以致……”。
He spoke so quickly that I can't follow him.
他讲得太快了，我跟不上他。so和后面的形容词或副词放到句首，句子倒装，如上面可改为：
So quickly did he speak that I can't follow him.
They left the university, with Einstein drivingwith +n. /pron. +doing/done为介词短语，在句中起伴随状语的作用。doing表主动关系，done表被动关系。
With no one talking to him, the child soon fell asleep.
因为无人跟他说话，孩子不久就睡着了。
The boy was thinking about something, with his head rested in his hand.男孩用手托着头在思考问题。高一下册Unit3重点句型复习Plants can be much more interesting than you think.can在否定句和疑问句中常表示可能性，但在肯定句中当can和be动词连用时，也可表示可能性，通常译为“有时会……”。
They can't have had a good time for the weather was too bad. 因为天气实在太糟了，他们不可能过得很快活。Water lilies can often be seen in China, with their round leaves, or pads, floating in ponds.句中with their round leaves, or pads, floating in ponds是介词短语，作主语water lilies的定语。
China is a country with a long history and rich culture.
中国是一个有着悠久历史和丰富文化的国家。
His sister, Helen, is a lovely girl with big bright eyes.
他的妹妹海伦是一个长着明亮大眼睛的可爱女孩。In Hangzhou, there is a kind of water lily whose pads are so huge that a person can stand on them.whose是关系代词，相当于water lily's，在句中引导一个定语从句。
This prize will be awarded to the person whose contributions are considered the most important to this project.
这个奖项将被授予对这个项目做出最重要贡献的人。Its pads are more than two metres wide and its white or purple flowers can grow as large as 45 centimetres across.as large as…大到多少
as far as…远达多少
as long as…长达多少
as small as…小到多少The lotus, a near relative of the water lily, is such a plant.such在这意为“这样的，这种的；此类的；如此的”。such常用来表示惊叹或加强语气，使用时应注意：
such无比较级和最高级。
和不定冠词a(n)连用时，such放在该冠词之前。
与all，no，one，few，several，some，any等词连用时，such放在这类词之后。
All such men will be dismissed soon.
所有这一类人很快就要被解雇。
It has along white root, in which there are many holes.in which在句中引导一个非限制性定语从句，补充说明先行词root的情况。
He gave me a bookmark, on which his name was signed.
他给了我一张书签，上面签了他的名。Even though it is only one tree, it looks like a whole forest!even though/if “即使……”，引导让步状语从句。
Even though he was set up，he didn’t make any explanation.
即使他被诬陷了，他也没做任何说明。While gingko trees can live for along time, they are not even near being the oldest trees.while在句中是连词，意为“虽然”。
While I understand what you said, I can't agree with you.
虽然我理解你的意思，但我不同意你的看法。高一下册Unit4重点句型复习The scene begins with Winston and his wife Betty standing in their kitchen.with…standing是with引导的“介词十分词”结构，在句子中作状语。With science and technology developing, more and more people expect to land on the moon.
随着科技的发展，越来越多的人盼望着登上月球。
Surviving winter in them, the spiders emerge healthy and hungry when spring comes.Surviving winter in them是现在分词结构作时间状语，相当于after they survive winter in them。Having worked as a photographer for over 20 years, he retired last year.
作为摄影师拍了二十多年照片后，他于去年退休。
It's the silk the spiders make their webs with.the spiders make their webs with中的with不可省略。He is the man (whom) you've been looking for.
他就是你一直在寻找的那个人。
高一下册Unit5重点句型复习 Letters from students asking for advice are published anonymously in a school newspaper as a part of the 'Counselor's Corner'. asking for advice 是现在分词短语，作students的定语，相当于定语从句who ask for advice。
The invitation from a student's parents inviting all their son's teachers to the banquet was declined politely.
一位学生家长请他们儿子的所有老师赴宴的邀请被婉拒了。
Returning home later that evening, my friend learnt…. returning( doing)在这里用作现在分词，作时间状语。 I saw three tough guys enter my almost empty carriage.see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事，强调整个过程.
The mother saw her son cross the road.
（表示看到孩子过马路的整个过程。）
see sb. doing sth 看见某人正做某事，强调时间点上发生的动作。
I saw the boy crossing the road at that time.
（表示孩子正在过马路。）高一下册Unit6重点句型复习
...is Asia's fastest growing consumer group —children.growing现在分词作定语，意思是：增长中的，成长中的。
the rising sun = the sun that is rising
a sleeping child = a child who is sleeping
working people = the people who are working
To get the attention (and the money) of these young viewers, commercials use child actors.To get the attention (and the money) of these young viewers
在句中作目的状语
to get = in order to get...the more TV commercials children watch, the more materialistic they become.the+比较级，the+比较级
越……，就越……The harder you work, the greater progress you'll make.
越努力，进步越大。
1. the+比较级，the+比较级 越……，就越……
2. 作地点状语的介词短语放在句首时，句子要用完全倒装结构，即谓语动词放到主语的前面。
句子谓语是go，come，run等表示位置的动词和be动词，句中又有表示方位的副词（如there，here，up，down，out，in，away等），为了强调该副词，可将其放于句首，而将谓语动词全部置于主语之前。
3. so ...that意为“如此……以至”，连接一个结果状语从句，that有时可以省略。后面有名词时，可以用such...that引导结果状语从句.
4. wish用来表示不太可能实现的愿望，或未实现的愿望，后面的宾语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。具体来说，表示与过去事实相反的愿望，用过去完成时；表示与现在事实相反的愿望，用过去时，be动词用were;表示将来不太可能实现的愿望，用could/would/should+动词原形。
5.with后面跟非谓语动词，要依据实际情况，可以用现在分词、过去分词，也可以用动词不定式。1. 复习精讲提升部分的内容;
2. 请在规定时间内完成讲义中的课后巩固部分。课件20张PPT。1. Do you like fiction movie? Why?
2. Could you please name some technologies that have make our life easier?
3. How do you think of these technologies? Good or bad?
科技文阅读细节！！！解题技巧点拨1. Which one of the following statements is NOT true of the common characteristics of Tesla and Aptera?
2. The petrol-electric hybrid version of Aptera is different from its other versions in that_____
3. The word “protuberance” (Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probably means_____
Find the key words例题精讲14. Firms such as Aptera are growing up because of the following reasons except_____
5.Towards to the future of the electric cars, the author’s attitude can be said to be _____
1.Which one of the following statements is NOT true of the common characteristics of Tesla and Aptera? [A] Both of them are environmental friendly. [B] Both of them are from small companies of California and then expand outwards. [C] Both of them are originated from the marginal status of the industry. [D] Both of them are created by green hands of automobile business. But Aptera and Tesla have things in common. They are both small. They were both started by people with no experience in the motor industry. And they are both aiming to start by roping in the eco-fashionistas of California, and then work outwards to the mainstream”原文再现2. The petrol-electric hybrid version of Aptera is different from its other versions in that_____ [A] Top speed of the hybrid is higher than than of the other versions. [B] The hybrid possesses a stronger capacity of long-distance drive with rapid speed. [C] The hybrid has a special generator that is characterized by a sole cylinder. [D] The hybrid generate more turbulence than the other versions.PARA3： There is also a petrol-electric hybrid, with a single-cylinder generator that extends the range from 200km to 1,130km. Top speed is 150kph”原文再现3.The word “protuberance” (Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probably means_____ [A] protrusion. [B] accessory. [C] adjunct. [D] impetus.And protuberances are kept to a minimum. Wing mirrors, for example, are replaced by a rear-facing camera with a 180° field of view and the exhaust valves are recessed to minimize turbulence”原文再现4. Firms such as Aptera are growing up because of the following reasons except_____ [A] Technologies of metal bashing simulation are well developed. [B] The cost of making cars is greatly reduced. [C] Some specialized parts are available to them. [D] Large venture investment is devoted to such business.Para4 …software simulation as in metal (or even carbon-fibre) bashing.
…much cheaper …
Another reason is the widespread availability of previously specialised components..5. Towards to the future of the electric cars, the author’s attitude can be said to be _____ [A] optimistic. [B] lukewarm. [C] wait-and-see. [D] enthusiastic.Para5 …Indeed, according to the Venture Capital Journal, about $220m has been invested in such small firms over the past year and a half.
67. According to the passage, what is an increasingly powerful tool in the success of some brand store?
A. Friendly assistant. B. Unique scents.
C. Soft background music D. attractive window display.
68. E-shops are mentioned in the passage to _______ .
A. show the advantages of brick-and-mortar stores
B. urge shop assistants to change their attitude
C. push stores to use sights and sounds
D. introduce the rise of e-commerce
例题精讲2Para3 …famous for its distinctive scent which floats…Para5 …only bricks-and-mortar stores (实体店) can offer a full experience…69. The underlined word “destination” in Paragraph 5 means _______.
A. a platform that exhibits goods
B. a spot where travelers like to stay
C. a place where customers love to go
D. a target that a store expects to meet
70. The main purpose of the passage is to ______.
A. compare and evaluate B. examine and assess
C. argue and discuss D. inform and explain
69. Para5 : Another brand store seeks to be much more than a shop, but rather a destination.原文再现本文介绍了现在的很多商店都运用一个新方法：味道，来吸引顾客。并解释了这样做的原因。也就是说本文是为了告诉我们这样的行为并做出解释。故D正确。例题精讲3 72. The UCLA study shows that in response to stress, men are more likely than women to _____. A. turn to friends for help
B. solve a conflict calmly C. find an escape from reality
D. seek comfort from children
Para4： The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet.原文再现73. Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage? A. Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do. B. Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women. C. Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin. D. Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men.
This hormone, called oxytocin…explained that "animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious." While men also secrete(分泌）oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones.原文再现74. What can be learned from the passage? A. Male hormones help build up the body's resistance to stress. B. In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does. C. Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress. D. The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings.
While men often react to stress in the fight-or-fight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called “tend and befriend” The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet. For a typical mother, coping with a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. How men and women get over stress B. How men and women suffer from stress C. How researchers overcome stress problems D. How researchers handle stress-related disorders
原题再现man—woman—stress
用名词分析法整理词汇词组
背诵词汇词组
完成相关的阅读练习你能想到哪些包含定语从句的名言警句？下节课请一起分享。课件24张PPT。1. He, who knows nothing but pretends to know everything, is indeed a good-for-nothing. 2. He that is ill to himself will be good to nobody. 3. He laughs best who laughs last.4. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.5. He that can read and meditate will not find his evenings long or life tedious.Famous Sayings6. He that gains time gains all things.7. He is the best general who makes the fewest mistakes. ─Hamilton 8. He who nothing questions, nothing learns. 9. He that is master of himself will soon be master of others. 10. He that travels far knows much.11. He that cannot ask cannot live.12. A friend is someone who knows all about you and still loves you.13. All is not gold that glitters.14.All’s well that ends well.16. Opportunity & luck always shows appreciation for those who are bold in struggling.17. It is the peculiarity of knowledge that those who really thirst for it always get it.15. God helps those who help themselves.17. It is the peculiarity of knowledge that those who really thirst for it always get it.18. Those who make most people happy are the happiest in the world. ─Karl Marx 19. Those who find faults with others often lose their glamour. ─Gorky20. He conquers twice, who upon victory overcomes himself. ─Francis Baconfind
similarities01当先行词被为不定代词。如：
There is nothing (that) I can say about it.知识梳理102先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。如：
This is the best basketball match that I have ever seen.
.03先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。如：
This is the best basketball match that I have ever seen.
.只用that,不用which04先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰时。如：
The first English film that I saw was “Oliver Twist”.05被修饰的先行词被any, all, much, no, little, few等修饰时。如：
I am interested in all that you have told me.
.06先行词既包含人又包含物时。例如：
They talked about the factories and workers that they had visited.
.07先行词是疑问代词时。如：
Which is the book that he bought yesterday?08先行词在逻辑上充当定语从句的表语时。如：
This is no longer the place that it used to be.例题精讲1. He took all _________ was here and left nothing.
what B. which
C. that D. /
2. You may borrow any book ________.
that you interest
B. which you are interested
C. that interests you
D. which interests you
知识梳理2只用which,不用that1. 引导非限制性定语从句时,例如:
She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart to her mouth.
2. 当关系代词做介词宾语时,例如:
He wrote a book in which he could learn about his life.
例题精讲1. Edison made a lot of inventions, _________ of great importance.
which I think are B. which I think they are
C. which I think they D. I think which are
2. The house, _________ was destroyed in the terrible fire, has been repaired.
the roof of which B. which roof
C. its roof D. the roof
知识梳理3必须使用非限定的情况01当先行词为专有名词或球类、疾病、学科等独一无二的事物时。如：
He caught SARS, which threatened people a lot. 当定语从句由“代词/数词/名词/形容词比较级、最高级等+of+which/whom”引导时。如：
China has hundreds of islands off its southeast coast, the largest of which is Taiwan.0203当定语从句修饰整个主句时。如：
They have invited me to visit their country, which is very kind of them.1. This composition is ______order, ______makes the teacher______.
in; which; puzzled B. for; that; happy
C. out of; which; angry D. no; it; disappointed
2. There are 104 elements found in nature, _________are metals.
most of it B. most of which
C. mostly D. that
知识梳理4：其他情况which, as 可修饰整个句子
2. 偶尔也用but引导定语从句，这种情况已经比较少见了。
There is not one of us but wishes (= who does not wish) to improve our English.
3. 关系代词在从句中主语时，从句中的谓语动词形式由先行词决定
The students who are in Grade 3 are going to climb the hill.
4. 定从不一定紧靠先行词
There is an expression in his eyes that I cant understand. 他的眼中有一种我不能理解的神情。
知识梳理4：其他情况
5. 定从时态：主将从现，主过从过，主现从不限
6. 关系副词=介词+which
7． the way+in which/ that或者什么都不加。
8．case, point, situation, condition, job用where或介词+which1. He often helps the students _______he thinks are not quick at their studies.
whom B. who
C. when D. because
2. The Second War ______millions of people were killed ended in 1945.
when B. which
C. during which D. on which
知识梳理5：易混句型1. 定语从句与并列结构
1) She won the first prize in the speech contest and___________ surprised us.
2) She won the first prize in the speech contest, ___________ surprised us.
2. 定语从句与结果状语从句
1) This is such an interesting book ___________ all of us want to read.
2) This is such an interesting book ___________ all of us want to read it.
itwhichasthat4. 定语从句与主语从句
1) ____________ is known to everyone that Taiwan is part of China.
2) ____________ is known to everyone, Taiwan is part of China.
3) ______is known to everyone is that Taiwan is part of China.
4) ____________ Taiwan is part of China is known to everyone.
3. 定语从句与地点状语从句
1) He advised me to live _______________ the air is fresher.
2) He advised me to live in the place ____________ the air is fresher.
3) He advised me to live in the place ____________he lives in.
wherewhich/thatwhereItAsWhatThat6. 定语从句与同位语从句
1) The fact ___________ she told me yesterday is very important.
2) The fact __________ she hasn’t known the result of the examination is clear.
5. 定语从句与宾语从句
1) Our teacher did all _____________ he could to help them.
2) Our teacher did _____________ he could to help them.
whatthatthat/whichthat8. 定语从句与强调结构
1) It is the place _____________ they lived before.
2) It is in the place ___________ they lived before _____ they found the lost boy.
7. 定语从句与表语从句
1) Is this factory ____________ you visited a few days ago?
2) Is this the factory ______________ the exhibition was held?
3) Is this place ______________ you visited two weeks ago?
the onewherethatthatwherewhereroom, most of _____________ bent their heads over their books.
3) There are lots of people in the reading room, most of _____________ bending their heads over their books.
9. 定语从句与独立主格结构
1) There are lots of people in the reading room, and most of _____________bent their heads over their books.
2) There are lots of people in the reading
themwhomthem完成相应的选择填空练习
完成翻译练习
整理笔记，并背诵词汇词组1.What do you think is the most important thing to make a country great and powerful?
2.Could you name an example that shows the development of the economy changes our life?
3.How do you usually spend your pocket money?
4.What’s cause of haze or smog?
课件21张PPT。?1. What do you think is the most important thing to make a country great and powerful?
2. Could you name an example that shows the development of the economy changes our life?
3. How do you usually spend your pocket money?
4. What’s cause of haze or smog?
经济文阅读细节+词汇+逻辑解题技巧点拨例题精讲1department stores had to cut their energy(41)________by 15 percent during (42)________hours on the weekdays.METI (43)________ up this restriction by fining companies up to one million yen if they didn't obey the regulations.Citizens were also asked to help out by turning off energy-draining (44)________. N.Adj.V.-edN.41-44 CJKBTo avoid being (45)________ , some companies started moving their early morning shiftsV-ed or adj.many people believe that Japan should continue these (50)________to help slow down global warming.Offices asked their employees to bring their own cool drinks so that they could (46)________ the vending machines(自动售货机).dress codes have changed as suits and long-sleeved shirts are being (47)________with polo shirts so that workers are more (48)________46-50 GEHDIbecause the citizens are using less air conditioning to (49)_________ the stress on the energy system.V.原型V-edAdjV.原型N-复数56. What does the underlined part “a revolution was made” in Paragraph One probably mean?
A. Chefs designed creative dishes.
B. Diners tasted food in an innovative way.
C. The capsule containing diners made a circle.
D. Great changes were made in the food industry.
例题精讲2原文Para 1: The 26-year-old entrepreneur was on vacation in England four years ago and had to look up at the London Eye Ferris wheel to see it. Hanging above him was a capsule full of diners who were served a new course each time, a revolution was made. 57. Which of the following might not be the reason for pop-up restaurants’ fast development?
A. Being temporary features pop-up restaurants.
B. Pop-up restaurants can restore local economy to prosperity.
C. Business owners venture into the business with fewer risks and investments.
D. Restaurant owners can make diners interested in the original restaurants again.
例题精讲2原文Para 2: to help revitalize local economies by the recession.
popups have gotten a boost in recent years as a lower-cost, lower-risk way for entrepreneurs.
some restaurant owners see them as a way to renew interest in existing locations.
56. What does the underlined part “a revolution was made” in Paragraph One probably mean?
A. Chefs designed creative dishes.
B. Diners tasted food in an innovative way.
C. The capsule containing diners made a circle.
D. Great changes were made in the food industry.
例题精讲2原文Para 1: The 26-year-old entrepreneur was on vacation in England four years ago and had to look up at the London Eye Ferris wheel to see it. Hanging above him was a capsule full of diners who were served a new course each time, a revolution was made. 例题精讲2原文58. Prospective chefs are drawn to pop-ups due to the fact that _______.
A. pop-ups are becoming increasingly popular with diners worldwide
B. they have the desire to explore a safer way to make a fortune
C. their investment in pop-ups will bring them a fortune on a permanent basis
D. pop-ups provide a flexible test field for talented chefs’ originality
“Your cooks and chefs are really talented, but they’re stuck in the back of somebody else’s kitchen cooking somebody else’s menu,”Jeremy Baras remembers the first time he ever saw a pop-up restaurant.
…
Para2 Pop-ups, which have been around since at least the early 2000s, are open anywhere from a few hours to several months, but their defining feature is that they are temporary. 59. The writer’s purpose of writing the passage is to _______.
A. appeal to people to dine out in pop-up restaurants
B. give a brief introduction of pop-up restaurants
C. warn business owners of the appearance of pop-up restaurants
D. foresee the future of pop-up restaurants’ development
原文例题精讲351. A. fewer B. less C. smaller D. more
52. A. encouraged B. requested C. assigned D. paid
53. A. teamwork B. greed C. desire D. economics
54.A. opposed B. entitled C. drawn D. attached
55. A. convinced B. depressed C. relaxed D. doubtful 51. B believes that his profession is restricting cooperation and generosity.
52.D more likely than those from other majors to recommend an overpriced plumber (水管工)
53. B 整段都在讲经济学家吝啬贪婪
54. D It could be self-selection: students who already believe in self-interest are __54__ to economics. 依附于
55. A economics students may become __55__ that selfishness is widespread and reasonable. Economist的信念原文解析56. A. depending on B. adapting to C. differing from D. relating to
57.A. potential B. judgment C. foundation D. reason
58.A. assess B. research C. discourage D. cause
59.A. education B. standard C. approach D. application
60. A. competition B. evaluation C. community D. generosity 56. D常识 economics, __56__ every aspect of our lives, is taught widely in business schools,
57.C providing a __57__ for courses in management, finance, and accounting. 常识 经济学涉及领域比较广
58. C 第一段讲经济学家 greedy, less generous ，肯定是anti-social
59. C A change in economics and business __59__ is suggested. Courses in behavioral economics… 讲到教育方法的改变
60. which considers the role of “social preferences” like __60__, fairness and cooperation, 这三种品质属于并列关系，都是好的方面原文解析61. A. in case of B. in terms of C. in relation to D. in need of
62.A. concerned B. anxious C. curious D. enthusiastic
63.A. However B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. Otherwise
64.A. claiming B. defining C. overlooking D. recalling
65.A. broken B. predicted C. challenged D. fulfilled
原文61. B 逻辑 就。。。而言 Also, __61__ width…
62. A 关心 which place considerable emphasis on how people are __62__ about others, not only themselves.
63. C 段落关系 63__, within economics courses,
64. B 重新定位经济的概念we should do a better job __64__ the principle of self-interest, which involves anything a person values -- including helping others.
65. D fulfilled 实现这个经济学家的期待， The purely economic man is indeed close to being a social fool.”
整理词汇词组
背诵词汇词组
完成相关的阅读练习What always goes up and never goes down? (什么东西只升不降？)
课件26张PPT。What always goes up and never goes down?
(什么东西只升不降)？Your age.
(你的年龄)状语从句状语从句在复合句中起状语的作用，用于修饰主句中的谓语动词、形容词和副词等。状语从句一般由连词引导，连词不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。时间状语从句
的引导词Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.It was April 29, 2001 ____ Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.
A. that B. when C. since D. before
He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.【答案】B
【解析】句意为：2001年4月29日，威廉王子和凯特步入了婚姻的殿堂。
(在)莫扎特4岁的时候，开始写音乐作品。We always sing as we walk.
我们总是一边走一边唱。He left the classroom after he had finished his homework .
他做完作业之后就离开教室。
Mr. Brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here.
布朗先生来这里之前已经在一家银行里工作一年了。
例1. John thinks it won’t be long he is ready for his new job.
A. when B. after
C. before D. since
【答案】C
He waited until she was about to leave. 他一直等到她准备离开。
I did not begin to work till he had gone. 他走了后我才开始工作。
例1. It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life______ we’ve actually had that lesson.
A. until B. after C. since D. when
I came immediately you called. 你一来电话我就来了。
Hardly had she arrived when it began to snow. 她刚到就下起雪来了。
By the time I got home, she had already gone to bed.
我到家时她已睡觉了。
By the time you receive this letter, I will have left this city for my hometown.【答案】A
高考重难点突破when, while和as的区别：
When she came in, I stopped eating.
她进来时，我停止吃饭。(瞬间动词)
When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.
当我住在农村时，我常常为他担水。（延续性的动词）
We were about to leave when he came in.
我们就要离开，就在那时他进来了。(瞬间动词)
While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.
(was reading是延续性的动词，was reading和was watching同时发生)
I like playing football while you like playing basketball.
我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。（对比）We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。（as表示“一边……一边”）
As we was going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时，开始下雪了。
（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间）
before与after的区别：
before与since的区别：
It will be four days before they come back.
他们要过四天才能回来。
Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.
爱因斯坦几乎把我撞倒才看到我。
After we had finished the work, we went home.
完成工作之后，我们回家了。
I have been in Beijing since you left.
自从你离开以来，我一直在北京了。
Where have you been since I last saw you?
自上次我和你见面以后，你到哪里去了？
例1. It is almost five years____ we saw each other last time.
A. before B. since? C. after ? D. when
例2. As it reported, it is 100 years _____________Qinghua University was founded.
A. when B. before C. after D. since
1.【答案】B
【考点】本题考查连词的用法辨析。
【解析】自我们上次见面已经过去5年了
2.【答案】D
【考点】考查状语从句。
【解析】“It is + 时间段 +since + 从句（谓语为一般过去时）”为固定句型，故【答案】选D。句意为：“正如所报道的那样，自从清华大学建校以来已有100年时间了。”
“一…就”表达方式：
He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey.
他刚到家，就被邀请开始另一旅程。
No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to commence work.
太阳刚从地平线上升起，他就起床劳动去了。
原因状语从句有什么区别？语气词性都可意为“因为”，但在语气上，because表示内在的、必然的因果关系，语气最强。其次是since，as, for。
He has to leave because it is too late.
You needn’t go with me, as you are busy. As I was afraid, I hid myself.
Because, since, as都是从属连词。
For是一个并列连词，用来附带解释说明前一分句的原因或理由，for引导的并列句，一般放在所要说明的句子的后面。
例1. He found it increasingly difficult to read, ____ his eyesight was beginning to fail.
A. and B. for C. but D. or
【答案】：B
【解析】：“his eyesight was beginning to fail”是“he found it increasingly difficult to read”的原因， 因此本题应选用可以表示原因的连词for引导原因状语从句。
位置I went to see him, for I had something to tell him.
我去见他，因为我有事要告诉他。
As it was late, I had to go.
由于太晚了，我必须走了。
Since everybody is here, let's begin.
既然大家都知道了，我们开始吧。
例1. A man cannot smile like a child, ____ a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone.
A. so B. but C. and D. for
【答案】：D
【解析】：下划线处之后的句子补充说明“a man cannot smile like a child”的原因， 应选用for表原因
原因状语从句易错点1）as与since, now that —样表示双方都知道的原因，通常位干主句前，且均不可用于强调结构中被强调。
2）当表示直接的因果关系，回答why时，或有only, just, all, partly, not, but等副词修饰时，或用在强调结构中都只能用because。
3）for有时也可引出表示原因的分句，但它只能位干后面，不能位于句首，切前面要有都好与前一分句分开，对前一分句加以解释或推断。
4）不要受汉语意思影响将表示“因为”的连词与表示“所以”的so连用。
Though和although让步状语从句常见的引导词
as whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however ever if, even though.Though和although: 都表示“尽管…”的意思让步状语从句（×）: Although he is rich but he is not happy.
（√） : Although he is rich, yet he is not happy.
虽然他很富有, 然而他并不快乐.
（×）: Although we have grown up, our parents treat us as children.
（√）: Although we have grown up, our parents still treat us as children.
尽管我们已经长大了,可是我们的父母仍把我们看作小孩.
注意：although引导的让步状语从句位于主句之前的情况较多；
though引导的让步状语从句可位于主句之前或主句之后。
让步状语从句例1. Frank insisted that he was not asleep _____ I had great difficulty in waking him up.
A. whether B. although C. for D. so
例2.______ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.
A. Although ?B. As long as ?C. If only ? D. As soon as
1.【答案】B
【解析】句意为：尽管我很费力才将他叫醒，但Frank坚持说他没有睡着。Although引导让步状语从句。
2.【答案】A
【解析】根据句意, 引导让步状语从句。故选A。
as意为“虽然，尽管……”Heavily as it was raining outside, they started out very early.
Young as he is, he knows a lot=Though he is young 或Young though he is, he….
我们就要离开，就在那时他进来了。(瞬间动词)
注意：
1. 名词提句首时，不加冠词：
Teacher as he is ,he likes Chinese very much
(teacher 前不加a或the）。
2. though还可以用作副词，放在句末。如：
It was hard work;; I enjoyed it, though=It was hard work, but I enjoyed it.
那工作很苦，但是我喜欢干。
【例题精讲】
例1.____, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.
A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student
【答案】B
【解析】As作引导让步状语从句的连词时, 从句中的表语要提到as之前。如果表语是单数可数名词, 名词前的不定冠词要省去。
ever if, even though. 即使We’ll make a trip even though the weather is bad.
whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however等引导意为“无论……都……”No matter what happened, he would not mind.
Whatever happened, he would not mind.
例1. To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off ______ we are to shake hands with.
whichever B. whenever C. whoever D. wherever
例2. you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.
A. However a serious problem B. What a serious problem
C. However serious a problem D. What serious a problem
1.【答案】C
【解析】句意为“我们不论是跟谁握手的时候，我们常常将手套取下，以示尊敬。”shake hands with sb.表示“与某人握手”，本句中的with后缺少宾语，结合句意选C项，whoever在句中引导让步状语从句。
2.【答案】C
【解析】根据句意 “无论你有多么严重的问题, 你都应该鼓起勇气面对挑战”, 而however表让步时其顺序应是：however + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语。however做连接副词, 相当于no matter how,后接形容词或副词, 意为 “无论、不管” , 引导让步状语从句, 其序为 “however+形容词、副词+主语+谓语”。
while意为“尽管，虽然”While I admit his good points I can see his bad.
尽管我承认他的长处,但我也看到了他的不足。
There’s plenty of rain in the southeast, while there's little in the northeast.
东南部雨量充足,而西北部则很少下雨。
例1. __________ volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at basketball.
A. Since B. Once C. Unless D. While
【答案】D
【解析】句意为：虽然排球是她的主要项目，但她还擅长篮球。while“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。Since“自从”once“一旦”unless“除非”均不合题意。
时间状语从句（18个连词）
原因状语从句（4个）
让步状语从句（9个）
1. 复习精讲提升部分的内容;
2. 请在规定时间内完成讲义中的课后巩固部分。1.Think about :What is “Biodiversity”?
2.give several example about biodiversity.
课件16张PPT。What does “Bio” mean?
What does “Diversity” mean?
Biodiversity is the variety of life on Earth and the essential interdependence of all living things.
Biodiversity is the sum of all living things. It is the diversity of life in an area. There are three kinds of biodiversity. One type is genetic diversity which is the diversity of genes in a species. Species need certain genes to survive. If the diversity is lacking, the species may die, and its numbers will diminish. Species diversity (another kind of biodiversity) is the variety of living things in areas such as rainforests, reefs, deserts, tundra, etc. The last type of biodiversity is ecological diversity. It’s the complexity and richness of an entire ecosystem.Consists of three components:
Genes
Species
Ecosystems
Diversity of genes
Chihuahuas, beagles, and rottweilers are all the same species —but they're not the same because there is variety in their genes.
Diversity of number of species
For example, monkeys, dragonflies, and meadow beauties are all different species.
Variety of ecosystems
Lakes, Ponds, and Rivers are all Freshwater Ecosystems. Rocky coast, Sand Dune, Estuary, Salt Marsh, Coral Reef are all Marine Ecosystems.
答题方法Diana Jacobs thought her family had a workable plan to pay for college for her 21-year-old twin sons: a combination of savings, income, scholarships, and a modest amount of borrowing. Then her husband lost his job, and the plan fell apart.66. According to Paragraph 1, why did the plan of Jacobs family fail?
A. The twins wasted too much money.
B. The father was out of work.
C. Their saving ran out.
D. The family fell apart.
66.B
【解析】考查细节理解。该段的最后一句话告诉我们他们计划失败的原因：Then her husband lost his job，也就是B项所说的：The father was out of work。
I hated dinner parties. But I decided to give them another shot because I’m in London. And my friend Gallery invited me. And because dinner parties in London are very different from those back in New York. There, “I’m having a dinner party” means “I’m booking a table for 12 at a restaurant you can’t afford and we’ll be sharing the check evenly, no matter what you eat.”1. What does the word “shot” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
Choice. B. Try. C. Style. D. Goal.
1. B 词义猜测题。从第一句的hated，到But意义上的转折，说明尽管不喜欢，还是要“尝试一下”，所以try的意思更接近shot。
Speaking and writing
Guided Writing
1. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
请结合下图谈谈你对雾霾问题(haze)的看法，你的文章必须包括：
1、简要描述图片；
2、你对雾霾问题的看法和建议。
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Bill来信询问你家乡是否有雾霾天气，情况如何。请按下面写一封电子邮件：
1.感谢他的关心;
2.介绍情况:
(1)去年以来以发生数次雾霾天气
(2)人们已认识到雾霾天气的危害，正采取各种举措减少其发生
(3)你自己为此做了什么或打算做什么
1.识记同步部分社会生活类高频词汇，关注有关此话题的热点新闻；
2.社会生活类阅读理解巩固训练。尝试翻译：
An old woman has lived in one-storey house before. Her body is very short. Afterwards, she moves into a big building and lives in the ninth storey. However, when she comes back home each time, she always takes an elevator to the sixth story and gets off, then she walks to the ninth storey. Why?
课件18张PPT。An old woman has lived in one-story house before. Her body is very short. Afterwards, she moves into a big building and lives in the ninth story. However, when she comes back home each time, she always takes an elevator to the sixth story and gets off, then she walks to the ninth story. Why?
Keys：
Because?she?is?too?short?to?touch?the?ninth?story’s?bottom.
目的、结果状语从句常见的引导词Eg. I hired a boat so that I could go fishing.
我租了一条船去约鱼。（目的）例1.Pop music is such an important part of society ________it has even influenced our language.
A. As B. that C. which D. where
例2. I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early I can have time for a cup of tea.
A .as soon as B .as a result? C .in case D .so that
1.【答案】：B
【解析】流行音乐是我们社会的那么重要的一部分以至于已经影响了我们的语言。这说明流行音乐带来的 结果，本句是结果状语从句。
2.【答案】D
【解析】句意为：我早到20分钟的目的是能有时间喝点茶。as soon as一……就……, 引导时间状语从句；
He studied hard in order that he could pass the exam.
他努力学习是为了能通过考试。He was so angry that he couldn't speak.
他气得话都说不出来。
He shut the window with such force that the glass broke.
他关窗子用力太大，玻璃都震破了。目的、结果状语从句引导词用法辨析例1. His plan was such a good one ____ we all agreed to accept it. (2006陕西)
A. so B. and C. that D. as
例2. We were in ____ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets. (2003上海)
A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush
C. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rush 1.【答案】：B
【解析】流行音乐是我们社会的那么重要的一部分以至于已经影响了我们的语言。这说明流行音乐带来的
结果，本句是结果状语从句。结果状语从句的连词有：so that，so…that，such…that.结果状语放在主句之
后。注意：在so…that，such…that结构中一般成分齐全。这也是与as引导定语从句的区别。在so…as，
such…as这一结构中，as引导定语从句，在句中做成分
2.[答案] D
[解析] 表示“如此匆忙”可以用“in so anxious a rush”或者“in such an anxious rush”。高考重难点突破so that 和 in order that的区别
a) so that引导的从句只能放在主句之后;而in order that引导的从句既可放在主句前也可放在主句后。
b) that还可引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，结果”，但in order that不能。
Eg. He was very humorous so that we liked him very much.
他非常幽默，因此我们非常喜欢他。to, in order to，so as to, so that，in order that来表示目的的区别
Eg. He got up early to /in order to/ so as to catch the first bus.
他早起为了赶上第一趟车。
Eg. Speak clearly so that everybody can understand you.
请说清楚一点，这样每个人都能听懂。 条件状语从句条件状语从句常见的引导词In case I forget, please remind me about it.
如果我忘了，请提醒我。in case 与in case of
性质不同：
in case 可用作连词和副词；
in case of 用作介词。
Eg. In case of fire, ring the bell.
如发生火灾，请按铃。
The wall was built along the river in case
of floods.
沿江筑了堤坝以防有洪水。
in case与if有时意思不同
Eg. I’ll come tomorrow in case Ann wants
me.
明天我要来，以备安找我。
I’ll come tomorrow if Ann wants me. 如果安找我，我明天就来。
介词短语 in case of…与 if there is…的意思却相同if和unless
as long as和so long as
if和unless 表示“如果，除非……;如果不……”的意思,相当于if…not…,有时二者可以换用。
Eg. If you have any questions or comments, you can voice them now.
你们如果有任何疑问或意见，可以现在提出。
as long as和so long as表示“只要”的意思
1.Naturally, so long as they can understand.
当然可以，只要他们能理解。
2.as long as one lives; so long as there is still breath left in one
一息尚存 例1. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water______ they are not managed carefully.?
A. though B. before C. until D. if
例2. In time of serious accidents, we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives.
A. whether B. until C. if D. unless
例3. My parents don’t mind what job I do I am happy.
A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though
1.【答案】D
【解析】句意为：如果小帆船没有被仔细掌控好的话, 那么在水中就很容易被打翻。if如果, 引导条件状语从句。
2.【答案】C
【解析】本题考查连词的用法, 根据句意, 此处为条件状语从句, 故C项正确。
3.【答案】C
【解析】根据题干意思可知此处是条件状语从句, 引导词意思是：只要, 选C。Provided/supposing/on condition that
once
We can finish the job in time provided/on condition that there is a stable supply of material.
在材料供应稳定的前提下，我们能够按时完成任务。
Supposing that now you are at the airport, then you can directly take the blue bus to get to the hotel.
如果你现在到了机场，你可以直接乘坐巴士到酒店。Once I killed you, you are not able to live on.
一旦我杀了你，你就不能存活了。条件状语从句的时态Eg. He’ll be a doctor when he finish studying here.
他结束在这儿的学习之后，将会成为一名医生。
Eg. If you get the book, let me know.
如果你弄到了那本书，告诉我一声。
3）Eg. What do you want to do if you have much money?
如果你有很多钱，你想要做什么？
4）在有些句子中，主、从句都可用一般现在时
Eg. If you ring this number, no one answers.
如果你打这个电话号码，不会有人接。
—What would you do if it tomorrow?
—We have to carry it on, since we’ve got everything ready.
A.rain B.rains C.will rain D.is raining
【答案】B
【解析】第二句的语境已经暗示：我们得继续执行（计划）, 因为一切已经准备就绪。第一句中的would 为情态动词, 表示意愿, 并非过去时态。
1. 复习精讲提升部分的内容;
2. 请在规定时间内完成讲义中的课后巩固部分。课件14张PPT。 World Environment Day (WED) is a day that stimulates awareness of the environment and enhances political attention and public action. It is on 5 June. It was the day that United Nations Conference on the Human Environment began.
The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment was from 5-16 June 1972. It was established by the United Nations General Assembly in 1972.
The first World Environment Day was on 1973. World Environment Day is hosted every year by a different city with a different theme and is commemorated with an international exposition on the week that 5 June is on. World Environment Day is in summer in the Northern Hemisphere and winter in the Southern Hemisphere.
答题方法Most people think of zoos as safe places for animals, where struggles such as difficulty finding food and avoiding predators don't exist. Without such problems, animals in zoos should live to a ripe old age.
But that may not be true for the largest land animals on Earth. Scientists have known that elephants in zoos often suffer from poor health. They develop diseases, joint problems and behavior changes. Sometimes, they even become unable to have babies. 1. According to the first two paragraphs, unlike other zoo animals, zoo elephants _________.
A. have difficulty eating food. B. 1ive to a ripe old age.
C. are not afraid of predators. D. develop health problems.
1. 细节题：从第二段第二句Scientists have known that elephants in zoos often suffer from poor health.可以看出答案，选D。
Some scientists not involved in the studies say the research provides some of the first evidence on how trees react to carbon dioxide. Other scientists say the research disputes a belief among some coal and power companies. The companies say that more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will not create harmful global warming. Instead, they say it will increase forests and other plants.5. The word “dispute” (Line 2, Para.6) probably refers to_________.
A. question B. support C. maintain D. accept
5. 答案选择A，本题考察的是词义猜测题。此题可以通过文章中Some scientists not involved in the studies say the research provides some of the first evidence on how trees react to carbon dioxide. Other scientists say the research disputes a belief among some coal and power companies. 这句话可以看出来，前部分科学家的观点是支持，说明后面部分科学家的观点就是反对，形成了对比。
高考阅读理解考点梳理I hated dinner parties. But I decided to give them another shot because I’m in London. And my friend Gallery invited me. And because dinner parties in London are very different from those back in New York. There，“I’m having a dinner party” means “I’m booking a table for 12 at a restaurant you can’t afford and we’ll be sharing the check evenly，no matter what you eat.”1. What does the word “shot” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. choice. B. try.
C. style. D. goal.
1. B词义猜测题。从第一句的hated，到But意义上的转折，说明尽管不喜欢，还是要“尝试一下”，所以try的意思更接近shot。
Speaking and writing
Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是黄明，你远在加拿大的网友Jerry听说最近上海的空气质量很槽糕，雾霾(haze)很严重，很想进一步了解情况，请你给Jerry写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
描述上海雾霾的情况和人们的感受；
分析造成雾霾的原因；
你对应对雾霾的思考。
1. 复习精讲提升部分的内容;
2. 请在规定时间内完成讲义中的课后巩固部分。1.状语从句的分类
2.状语从句的分别举例
