北师大版高中英语模块8 Unit 23 Conflict语言点（1）

Unit 23 Conflict 语言点（1）
学习目标
重点词汇
betray, compromise, furnished, expose, departure, classify, subscribe,
appoint, possession
重点短语
hand over, bid... goodbye, in a flash, stand up for, talk sth. over with sb., give in, send for, call in, have a gift for, keep off, hold out, by and by
重点句型
“一……就……”句式
知识讲解
重点词汇
betray
【原句回放】He is betrayed by a family member. 他被一个家庭成员出卖了。
【点拨】betray vt. 出卖，背叛；显露，泄露
He would rather die than betray his country to the enemy.
他宁愿死也不愿向敌人出卖自己的祖国。
The expression on her face betrays her anger.
她脸上的表情显示她在生气。
The officer betrayed the secret to his friends.
那军官把秘密向朋友泄露了。
She could not help betraying her sympathy for us.
她禁不住对我们露出同情之意。
【拓展】betrayer n. 背叛者，告密者
betrayal n. 背叛，出卖
compromise
【原句回放】Government minister announces compromise on new TV violence laws 政府部长宣布向新的电视暴力法让步
【点拨】compromise n. 妥协，危及
vt. & vi. 妥协，让步；连累，危及
常用搭配：make/ reach a compromise 做出妥协
compromise on 在……妥协
compromise with 与……妥协
I hope we shall come to a compromise.
我希望我们会达成一个折衷的方案。
She did it without compromise of her reputation.
她在不危及她的声誉的情况下做了此事。
You will compromise your good name if you associate with these people.
你如果与这些人联系会危及自己的好名声。
I wanted to go to Greece, and my wife wanted to go to Spain, so we compromised on Italy.
我想去希腊，我妻子想去西班牙，于是我们互相妥协去了意大利。
furnished
【原句回放】He’s bid his furnished apartment goodbye after complaints from his neighbours about loss of sleep. 在他的邻居抱怨失眠以后，他告别了装修好的住房。
【点拨】furnished adj. 配有家具的
A furnished flat is easy to rent with higher rent.
一套备有家具的公寓是很容易高价租出的。
【拓展】furnish vt. 为（房屋、房间）配备家具；提供，供应
常用搭配：furnish sb. / sth. with sth. (furnish sth. for sb. / sth.) 给某人提供某物
They hunted for some antiques to furnish their new apartment.
他们搜罗了一些古董来装饰新居。
She furnished him with the facts surrounding the case.
她向他提供了与案件有关的真实情况。
They were asked to furnish capital for the new company.
有人要求他们为这家新公司提供资金。
expose
【原句回放】Yang Ming’s neighbours say they were being driven mad being exposed to such noise. 杨明的邻居说他们快因那些噪音而发疯了。
【点拨】expose vt. 暴露，显露，揭露
常用搭配：expose ... to ... 使处于危险的境遇；使……受到……；使……接触……
expose oneself to 暴露于
He exposed himself to great danger.
他使自己暴露于极大的危险中。
Klaus von Bulow was exposed as a liar and a cheat.
克劳斯?冯?布洛被揭露是一个说谎者和骗子。
We should not expose our children to horror films.
我们不应该让孩子看恐怖片。
【拓展】exposure n. 暴露，显露，揭发
departure
【原句回放】Yang Ming’s departure has pleased his neighbours. 杨明的离开使他的邻居很高兴。
【点拨】departure n. 离开；离去
We delayed our departure on account of bad weather.
由于天气不好，我们将动身的时间推迟了。
What is the departure time of the flight?
飞机什么时候起飞？
This is a new departure from the old method.
这是对旧的方案的新发展。
【拓展】depart vi. 离开，出发，开出
All passengers departing for New York on flight UA179 should go to Gate 7.
乘坐UA179次航班前往纽约的乘客请到7号登机口登机。
classify
【原句回放】..., but it is the fact that people have classified his music as “noise” that upsets him most. ……，但就是人们把他的音乐划归为噪音的事实使他感到最不高兴。
【点拨】classify vt. 分类；归类
常用搭配：be classified as/ under... 把……归类为……
I’d rather classify his novels as science fiction.
我宁可把他的小说归类为科幻小说。
The books in the library are classified according to subject.
图书馆的书是按照学科分类的。
【拓展】classified adj. 分成类的，保密的
classification n. 分类，归类
subscribe
【原句回放】You subscribe to a magazine and you keep getting it late. 你订阅了一本杂志，你总是很晚拿到它。
【点拨】subscribe vi. 同意；捐赠；订阅（常与to连用）
vt. 签署（文件）；定期捐助
常用搭配：subscribe to 同意，支持，订购
People in the office subscribe ￡1 a week for coffee.
办公室的人一周拿一英镑买咖啡。
Please subscribe your name to the document.
请在文件上签名。
Which journal do you subscribe to?
你订阅哪一种杂志?
No one but mad people would subscribe to such views.
只有疯子才会同意这样的观点。
appoint
【原句回放】Do you know I was appointed head of the student union? 你知道我被任命为学生会主席了吗？
【点拨】appoint vt. 任命，委任；约定
常用搭配：appoint sb. to do 任命某人做
appoint sb. as/ to be + 职位名词（不带冠词）任命某人为……
appoint sth. for ... 为……而确定某事
They appointed him (to be) manager.
他们任命他为经理。
They appointed him (as) captain of the English team.
他们任命他为英格兰队队长。
They appointed a place to exchange books.
他们约定一个地方交换图书。
【拓展】appointment n. 任命，委任，约会
make/ keep/ break an appointment 约会/ 守约/ 违约
make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会
possession
【原句回放】You’re always going off with my possessions and not giving them back. 你总是拿走我的物品并且不把它们还给我。
【点拨】possession n. [C]所有物；财产（常用复数）
[U]具有；拥有
常用搭配：in possession of sth. 占有(或拥有)某物
in the possession of sb. 为某人所有
take possession of 占有，拥有；占领
He was caught in possession of stolen goods.
他因藏有赃物而被捕。
The possession of a passport is essential for foreign travel.
去国外旅行需持有护照。
【拓展】possess vt. 拥有，具有；支配，控制 (多用于被动语态)
常用搭配：be possessed by/with 被……控制
be possessed of 拥有(某种品质、能力等)
I’m afraid he doesn’t possess a sense of humour.
恐怕他没有什么幽默感。
She was suddenly possessed by fear.
她突然感到害怕。
重点短语
hand over
【原句回放】Friction between the family-run business and the military government first became serious when the owner wouldn’t hand over his “secret recipe”. 当秘方拥有者不肯交出他的“秘方”时，家族企业与军事政府之间的分歧首次变得严重起来。
【点拨】hand over 移交，交出
We handed over the thief to the police.
我们把小偷移交给警察局。
I’ve handed over my place on the committee.
我已让出了在委员会的职位。
【拓展】hand构成的短语
hand back归还，交还 hand in提出，交上
hand down递给，传递下来 hand on依次传递，传递下去
hand out分发，交出
bid... goodbye
【原句回放】He’s bid his furnished apartment goodbye after complaints from his neighbours about loss of sleep. 在他的邻居抱怨失眠以后，他告别了装修好的住房。
【点拨】bid... goodbye 向……告别
It’s time to bid goodbye to our audience.
该跟观众朋友们说再见了。
She bid the teacher goodbye as she passed.
她走过时与老师道别。
【拓展】bid vt. 出价，投标；祝愿；命令，吩咐
n. 出价，投标
注意：过去式 bade 或 bid，过去分词 bidden 或 bid，现在分词 bidding
The little girl bids her grannie good morning as she gets up in the morning.
小女孩儿一早起来就向祖母道早安。
He bid $5 for an old book.
他为一本旧书出价5美元。
Do as you are bidden.
按吩咐你的去做。
in a flash
【原句回放】He was up there in a flash. 他一瞬间就到了楼上。
【点拨】in a flash 瞬间，即刻
I didn’t get the number of the car that knocked you over. It was gone in a flash.
我没有记下撞倒你的那辆汽车的车号，它一下子就开走了。
Several years passed in a flash.
一晃几年又过去了。
In a flash he remembered everything.
一刹那,他记起了所有的事情。
stand up for
【原句回放】Do you stand up for yourself? 你会维护自己的利益吗？
【点拨】stand up for 支持，维护
You must stand up for your right.
你一定要维护自己的权利。
They stood up for what they believed to be right.
他们维护他们认为是正确的东西。
All your friends will stand up for you.
你所有的朋友都会支持你的。
【拓展】含stand的短语
stand up 站起；起立 stand for... 代表，表示；主张
stand out 突出；显著 stand by 支持；袖手旁观；准备行动
stand behind 支持 stand aside 站开；不参与；靠边站
talk sth. over with sb.
【原句回放】(Do you) talk it over with them and put forward a solution?（你）和他们谈过并且提出了一个解决办法吗？
【点拨】talk sth. over (with sb.) （同某人）详尽地商议，商量，讨论；说服
We must talk the matter over again.
我们必须再讨论这件事。
If you are worried about this change of career, why don’t you talk it over with your family?
如果你为这次转行担心，为什么不和你的家人商量一下呢？
Talk over any worries with your doctor.
与你的医生讨论你的任何不安。
【拓展】talk构成的短语
talk back 回嘴，反驳 talk of/ about 说到，谈及
talk sb. into 劝说/说服某人(做某事) talk sb. out of 劝说/说服某人放弃……
talk with 与……交谈，与……交换意见 talk sense/ nonsense 说有道理的话/胡说八道
give in
【原句回放】Do you give in and lend them to her? 你做出让步给她东西了吗？
【点拨】give in 让步，屈服，上交
常用搭配：give in to sb./ sth. 向……屈服/让步
He has given in to my views.
他已经让步，接受了我的看法。
Don’t give in to the difficulties in life.
不要向生活中的困难低头。
Please check your paper before you give it in.
在交试卷前要仔细检查一下。
【拓展】与give有关的短语
give away 背弃，出卖；泄露(秘密)；赠送 give back 归还，送回
give off (散)发出(蒸气)，发散(光线) give out 用完，用尽；散(分)发；精疲力竭
give over 中止，停止做 give up 放弃，停(中)止
send for
【原句回放】(Do you) shout at the waiter, send for the manager and refuse to pay your bill? （你）对侍者大喊大叫，让人去叫经理，并且拒绝付饭钱吗？
【点拨】send for 派人去叫……
He was so ill that we had to send for a doctor.
他病得很重，我们只好给他请医生了。
She jumped to her feet as soon as she was sent for.
一听到有人叫，她立即站起。
【拓展】send vt. & vi. 送，寄，发送，派遣，使处于……状态
This noise will send me mad.
这吵声会让我发疯的。
Please send me a card.
请寄一张明信片来。
call in
【原句回放】(Do you) accuse your neighbour of stealing and tell her you’ll call in the police next time?（你）指责你的邻居偷窃，并告诉她下次你要叫警察吗？
【点拨】call in 请……来帮助
The government then called in troops to deal with the disturbances.
政府叫军队来治理骚乱。
He is getting worse; we should call in the doctor.
他的病情正在恶化，我们应该请医生来。
【拓展】call构成的短语
call after 依……名字而命名 call at 拜访
call back收回；取消，撤销；回忆；回电话 call by 顺路访问
call forth 唤起，引起，招致 call for 要求，呼吁
call off 取消；叫走；使转移 call on 拜访；要求，招致
call out 大声喊叫；召集 call up 提醒；使忆起；打电话
have a gift for
【原句回放】And you have such a gift for leading people. 你真有领导的天赋。
【点拨】have a gift for 有……的天赋
He was a kind man, having a gift for forming lasting friendship.
他是一个善良的人，拥有建立长久友谊的天赋。
Mozart had a gift for music even when he was very young.
莫扎特很小的时候就在音乐方面很有禀赋。
【拓展】gifted adj. 有才华的，有天分的
She is a naturally gifted sportswoman.
她是个有天赋的运动员。
keep off
【原句回放】You wanted tips on how to keep off the weight you’ve put on watching too much TV! 你想要如何减去你看了那么多电视而增加的体重的窍门！
【点拨】keep off 去掉，不接近，避开
I can’t keep off the smell of smoke.
我除不掉这烟味。
He decided to keep off alcohol after the accident.
那次事故后,他决定不再饮酒。
My doctor has warned me to keep off sugar.
我的医生劝我别吃糖。
【拓展】keep构成的短语
keep away 使离开，使站开 keep back 阻止，阻挡
keep on 继续；保持 keep out 关在门外；不准入内
keep to 坚持；保持；不离开 keep up 继续；保持，不低落
hold out
【原句回放】They just hope that if they hold out for long enough things will get better by and by. 他们只是希望如果坚持的时间足够长，情况就会逐渐好转。
【点拨】hold out 坚持，忍住；伸出；抱有(希望等)
How long will our food supplies hold out?
我们的储粮还能维持多久?
Such a situation held out for another half a month.
这种局面又维持了半个月。
They all held out their hands to welcome me.
他们全都伸出双手欢迎我。
【拓展】hold相关短语：
hold back阻挡，抑制，（使）犹豫；隐瞒
hold on（打电话时）别挂断，等着；挺住，坚持住
hold onto紧紧抓住……不放；保住（优势）
hold up 举起，抬起；(使)耽搁；支撑起
by and by
【原句回放】They just hope that if they hold out for long enough things will get better by and by. 他们只是希望如果坚持的时间足够长，情况就会逐渐好转。
【点拨】by and by 不久以后
By and by the ice in the river will melt.
河里的冰不久就会溶化。
By and by, all the passengers boarded the train.
不一会儿所有的乘客都上了火车。
The mother knew her baby would be a man by and by.
母亲知道自己的孩子终究会长大成人。
重点句型
“一……就……” 句式
【原句回放】No sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full night’s sleep. 他们一搬进来，噪音就开始了，他们几乎没有睡过一个囫囵觉。
【点拨】“一……就……” 句式
Ⅰ. no sooner ... than ...
hardly ... when ... 一……就（发生了）
scarcely ... when ...
注意：
1. 此三句式中than和when不能换用。
2. 主句多用过去完成时，than，when从句多用一般过去时。
3. no sooner, hardly及scarcely位于句首，主句要部分倒装。
He had no sooner returned than he bought a house.
他一回来就买了一套房子。
No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.
他刚到就又走了。
Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
她还没走出家门，就有一个学生来看望她。
Ⅱ. as soon as + 从句
the moment / minute / instant + 从句 一……就……
immediately / instantly / directly + 从句
注意：此三句式表示将来的情况时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。
I’ll start out the moment the meeting finishes.
会议一结束，我就会出发。
The instant I saw the dog, it appealed to me.
我一看到这只狗就被它迷住了。
Ⅲ. at sth. 一……就产生了某种情感或情绪
At the sight of the get-together photo, she got lost in the old sweet memories.
一看到这张聚会照，她就陷入了美好的回忆中。
Ⅳ. on (doing) sth. 一……就……
On arriving (On her arrival) at the countryside, she felt a gust of cool air around herself.
一来到农村，她就感觉到一股清凉的风包围了她。
【拓展】
was / were about to do sth. when...
was / were on the point of doing sth. when ... 刚要……，这时……
was / were just doing sth. when ...
I was about to leave when the phone rang.
我刚离开这时电话响了。
巩固练习
一、单词填空
根据句意及所给汉语提示用本课单词的正确形式完成句子。
1. The probable outcome of the talks is a ________ (妥协).
2. At great ________ (花费) I was finally able to buy the painting.
3. He was ________ (任命) to a new post.
4. They wanted to rent a ________ (配备家具的) flat.
5. He did not want to ________ (显露) his fears and insecurity to anyone.
6. I haven’t got one particle of race p____________ (偏见).
7. He ____________ (捐助) a large sum of money to the relief fund.
8. The uncertain weather delayed our __________ (启程).
9. People who work in libraries spend a lot of time __________ (分类) books.
10. He was found in _________of (拥有) dangerous drugs.
二、根据句意从方格中选择的短语填空
hand over, bid... goodbye, stand up for, give in, by and by
call in, have a gift for, keep off, hold out, put forward
1. Didn’t anyone __________ James and say it wasn’t this fault?
2. And _______ the little boy became a tall and handsome prince.
3．We were short of water but we could ________ for another day.
4．We had to think of a way to ________ the spread of the infection.
5．The king decided to retire and ________ the power to his son.
6．The scientist has ________ a plan to measure Mars’ atmosphere.
7．In my first job interview，I waited for more than two hours before I was finally ________.
8．The authorities showed no signs of ________ to the kidnapper’s demands.
9．He can speak four different languages fluently，and everybody thinks that he ______________ foreign languages.
10．He didn’t _____ us ____________ when he went off.
三、单项选择
1. The more one is ________ the English-speaking environment，the better he or she will learn the language.
A. exposed to B. exposed in C. brought out D. kept up
2. We are pleased about Peter’s ________ to the chairman of English Department.
A. decided B. appointed C. being appointed D. being permitted
3. I packed all my remaining ________ into the trunk and then left for Beijing.
A. possession B. procession C. possessions D. profession
4. He will ________ charge of his office before leaving for America.
A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. go over
5. Didn’t anyone ________ him and say something in favour of him?
A. take up B. build up C. turn up D. stand up for
6. The authorities have shown no signs of ________ to the kidnappers (抢劫者) at all and they continued to fight with them.
A. giving away B. giving in C. taking in D. bringing up
7. The boy who was lost in the mountain managed to ________ for four days until rescue came.
A. hold out B. hold up C. hold on D. hold back
8. We usually ________ types of character as good or bad.
A．treat B．regard C．classify D．consider
9. —How do you know he is an American?
—Oh，he ________ himself when he spoke.
A．betrayed B．displayed C．appeared D．showed
10. The employers will have to be ready to ________ if they want to avoid a strike.
A．compete B．combine C．compare D．compromise
11. A well-written composition ________ good choice of words and clear organization among other things.
A．calls on B．calls up C．calls for D．calls off
12. She ________ to the office than she got down to writing the report.
A. has no sooner got B. had hardly got C. no sooner got D. had no sooner got
13. I haven’t decided which magazine to ________. Could you recommend some popular ones?
A. depend on B. subscribe to C. account for D. submit to
14. —In your opinion，who is the best basketball player in the world?
—Yao Ming. I think he has a(n)________ for basketball.
A．present B．limit C．interest D．gift
15. His sudden ________ was a disadvantage to the campaign.
A．distinction B．division C．departure D．separation
16. They will _______ the project with the necessary funds.
A. refer B. relate C. fun_ction D. furnish
17. The child is running a high fever. We must ____ a doctor at once.
A. send in B. send out C. send for D. send up
18. As senior three students, it is the most important to _______ a good state of mind in face of failure.
A. keep up B. keep on C. keep out D. keep off
19. When you come to the fence, you can see a notice ________there saying “________ the Grass”．
A．putting up; Keep off B．putting up; Keep away
C．put up; Keep out D．put up; Keep off
20. ________ he realized why he was scolded by the teacher.
A．In a way B．In a flash C．In a flame D．In a sudden
答案与解析：
一、单词填空
1. compromise 2.expense 3.appointed 4.furnished 5. expose
6. prejudice 7. subscribed 8. departure 9. classifying 10. possession
二、根据句意从方格中选择的短语填空
1. stand up for 2. by and by 3. hold out 4. keep off 5. hand over
6. put forward 7. called in 8. giving in 9. has a gift for 10. bid ... goodbye
三、单项选择
1. A。be exposed to ...表示“暴露在……中”之意，此处是指“多接触(说英语的环境)”。句意：人们越多地接触说英语的环境，就能够更好地学好英语。
2. C。appoint是及物动词，表示“任命；委任”；此处应该用动名词短语作about的宾语；故用being appointed的形式，其余选项不合题意。
3. C。由语境pack“打包”可知，此处应该是把所有剩余的“财物”装进木箱，故选择possessions；而procession是“队伍；行列”；profession是“职业”，均不合题意。
4. C。考查了hand over是“转交”之意的用法。句意：他将在去美国之前移交工作。take over是“接管；接替”；think over是“反复考虑”；go over是“复习”，均不合题意。
5. D。由下文“say something in favour of him”可知，此处是指“支持某人”之意；故选择stand up for表示“维护；支持”。句意：难道没有人支持他为他说句有利于他的话吗？take up是“占据”；build up是“积聚；积累；增加”；turn up是“出现”。
6. B。句意：官方没有向抢劫者屈服的迹象，而是继续与他们斡旋。give away是“泄漏；赠送”；give in“让步；屈服”；take in是“吸收；欺骗”；bring up是“教育；抚养”。
7. A。考查了hold out表示“坚持”的用法。句意：在山中迷路的孩子设法坚持了四天，一直等到救援的到来。hold up是“延迟；阻碍”；hold on是“固定；等候”；hold back是“隐瞒；阻挡”，均为干扰项。
8. C。句意：我们通常把性格的类型分为善与恶。classify表示“分类”，符合句意。
9. A。从答语中可知，答话人是从“he”说话中得知“he”是美国人的，所以应选betray，表示“泄漏”。display 陈列，展览；appear 出现；show 显示，给某人看。
10. D。句意：雇主们要想避免罢工的发生，他们不得不准备做出让步。compromise意为“妥协，让步”，符合句意。compete 竞争，比赛；combine 结合，联合；compare 比较，对照。
11. C。考查动词短语辨析。call on 号召；call up 打电话、唤起记忆；call for 要求、需要；call off 取消。句意：一篇好的文章需要精心选择词语，合理组织结构。所以根据句意，应该用call for。
12. D。句意：她一到办公室就开始着手写报告。no sooner ... than ...，意思是“一……就……”，一般no sooner引导的主语要用过去完成时，than后面用一般过去时。所以要用过去完成时had got，然后把no sooner插入had后面，所以选D。
13. B。句意：我还没有决定订阅什么杂志，你能推荐一些受欢迎的吗？subscribe to 订阅，同意；depend on 依赖；account for 说明，解决；submit to (使)服从。
14. D。从上文中“the best basketball player in the world”可知，答话的人想表示“姚明有打篮球的天赋”，所以选have a gift for表示“有……的天分”。present 礼物；limit 限制；have interest in 对……感兴趣。
15. C。句意：他的突然离开对竞选不利。distinction 特点，杰出，区别；division 分开；departure 离开；separation 分离。
16. D。句意：他们给这项工程提供了必要的投资。furnish...with sth. 表示“给……提供”；refer to 涉及，参考；relate...to... 把……与……联系起来；fun_ction 起作用，运行。
17. C。孩子在发高烧，一定要请医生了，所以选send for，表示“派人去请”。send in 递送，呈交；send out 发送，派遣；send up 射出，使上升。
18. A。句意：作为高三学生，面对失败最重要的是保持好的心态。keep up 保持（不低落）；keep on 继续；keep out 不让入内；keep off 不接近，让开。
19. D。put up“张贴”，此处用过去分词短语作后置定语，表示被动和完成；keep off“(使)不接近”。句意：当你到篱笆那儿时你会见到那儿张贴了一个公告牌，上面写着：勿踏草坪。
20. B。句意：他突然意识到老师为什么批评他。in a flash表示“突然；立刻”。