近五年江苏卷完形填空考情统计
年份
体裁
选项设置
词汇复现
语境词义
逻辑关系
固定搭配
2019
夹叙夹议文
1
16
2
1
2018
记叙文
1
17
1
1
2017
记叙文
3
14
2
1
2016
夹叙夹议文
4
14
0
2
2015
记叙文
1
17
2
0
分析近五年的江苏卷高考试题，我们不难发现，完形填空的文章体裁主要是记叙文，有时是夹叙夹议文。内容主要是传播知识，传递正能量，可读性较强。题型分为句内、句组和语篇等三个层次，以句内层次和句组层次题为主，语篇层次题为辅。设空以语境题和词汇题为主，较难的语篇层次题仅有3道左右。这就要求考生在做完形填空题时，心中始终有这三个层次，认真甄别每道题是属于哪种层次，然后再确定用何种方法来解题，从而做到万无一失。
一、四大方法速判句内层面题
句内层面题的解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文意的前提下，利用本句的一些解题信息就可直接作答。对于此类题目，考生可以边读边填，将原文信息尽量复原。
方法1 利用习惯搭配及固定结构解题
完形填空中经常会考查一些习惯搭配、固定结构和固定句式，这时考生就需要运用习惯搭配及固定结构来解题。
[典例] (2019·全国Ⅰ)
Mountains are 51 as spiritual places by many cultures.
51.A.studied B.observed
C.explored D.regarded
分析：考查固定搭配。regard...as...把……看作，认为……是，符合语境。句意为：在许多文化中，山被认为是精神圣地。study研究；observe观察；explore探索。故选D。
方法2 利用生活常识和文化背景解题
完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西方文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，从而轻松地做出正确的判断。
[典例] (2019·全国Ⅱ)
Jeff had 54 in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog，Rosie，but the gun shots had scared the dog off.Jeff searched 55.in vain for Rosie in the next four days.
54.A.hunted B.skied C.lived D.worked
分析：这道题可以利用生活常识和文化背景解题。根据下文语境和生活常识判断，狗听到枪声吓跑了可知，此处是指Jeff带着狗在打猎，hunt打猎。故选A。
方法3 利用对应成分分析法解题
完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。
[典例] (2019·浙江)
What’s 47.particularly interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet’s cause.Berlin has been the 48 while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen.There，he had to 49.ask at some 50 different stores or restaurants before finding food.The 50.challenge is all the more serious when you consider the 51.demanding exercise required to bike from France to Poland.
48.A.easiest B.nearest
C.biggest D.richest
分析：本题可以利用对应成分分析法解题。
根据空后的“while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen”可知，空处应该是与最困难的作对比，因此柏林是最容易的(easiest)。故选A。
方法4 利用语境暗示分析法解题
上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次题中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境暗示，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
[典例] (2019·全国Ⅱ)
It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central Iowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota. During the long trip home，following a weekend of hunting，Ehlers 41.thought about the small dog he had seen 42.trembling alongside the road.He had 43.tried to coax(哄) the dog to him but，frightened，it had 44 .
44.A.calmed down B.stood up
C.rolled over D.run off
分析：根据上下文语境，他在尽力地哄那只狗，可是它很害怕，所以此处指那只狗跑掉了(run off)，故选D。
二、三大方法智取句组层面题
句组层面题是比句内层面题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中，解题时需瞻前顾后，综合意群信息解答。即本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。
方法1 利用词义/语义复现解题
复现是一种词义/语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的语义复现来选择正确的答案。
[典例] (2019·全国Ⅰ)
However，I soon 45.discover that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons of rubbish.I find a 47.clean mountain，with toilets at camps and along the paths.The environmental challenges are 48.significant but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 49.paying off.
46.A.equipment B.grass C.camps D.stones
分析：本题可以利用词义/语义复现解题。由下文“at camps ”可知，本句属于原词再现。故C选项切题。
方法2 利用作者态度或感彩关联解题
在高考完形填空文章中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。
[典例] (2019·全国Ⅰ)
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro，the highest mountain in Africa.They 41.bring with them lots of waste.The 42.crowds might damage the beauty of the place.The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing，changing the 43.face of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories，I’m 44 about the place—other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.
44.A.silent B.skeptical
C.serious D.crazy
分析：本题可以利用作者态度或感彩关联解题。第一段谈到大批登山者给乞力马扎罗山带来了很多的垃圾，人群可能会破坏这个地方的美丽。冰川正在消失，改变着乞力马扎罗山的地貌。其他目的地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验，所以作者对乞力马扎罗山被严重破坏这一情况表示怀疑。由下文可知，作者亲自来到了乞力马扎罗山，作者想解开这个怀疑。故B选项切题。
方法3 利用逻辑关系解题
在句组层次题中，利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法。
[典例] (2019·天津)
...Without 23.delay，I called to thank her.She said she 24.spotted my wallet on a bus seat.She 25.calculated that going to a stranger’s house was a 26 move，but she decided to take the chance...
26.A.selfless B.risky
C.slow D.personal
分析：本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。根据下文中的转折词but可知，该句和“she decided to take the chance(她还是决定去冒险)”是转折关系。那么该句应指去一个陌生人的家是一个冒险的举动。故B选项正确。risky冒险的。
方法4 利用语境暗示分析法解题
在句组层次题中，有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文的语境暗示来解题，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
[典例] (2019·全国Ⅱ)
...He had 43.tried to coax(哄)the dog to him but，frightened，it had 44.run off.
Back home，Ehlers was troubled by that 45.lost dog.So，four days later，he called his friend Greg，and the two drove 46.back.After a long and careful 47.search，Greg saw，across a field，the dog moving 48 away.Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him.Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49.joy.It just started licking(舔) Ehlers’ face.
48.A.cautiously B.casually
C.skillfully D.angrily
分析：本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据文中提到的frightened，nervousness，fear等词并结合上下文可知，小狗非常地谨慎小心。cautiously谨慎地，小心地。故选A。
三、“一原则、三方法”做好语篇层面题
语篇层面题的解答必须立足于整个语篇，因此在解题时，对于此类题目要坚持一原则：不急于解答，读完全文综合思维后再定夺。要跨越段落，顺藤摸瓜，仔细对比，最终得出答案。具体来说，可采用以下三法来解题：
方法1 利用语义复现解题
在语篇层面题中，我们同样可以利用语义复现法来解题。
[典例] (2019·天津)
I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night，when fear seized me.My wallet was gone.I could only have left it on the G9 bus，which was now speeding in the dark to some 16.unknown station.
The 17 moment was quickly followed by mental math.How much time and money would it cost to replace the 18.contents of that little wallet?
17.A.face-saving B.brain-washing
C.eye-catching D.heart-stopping
分析：本题是典型的语篇层次题，只看题目所在的句子我们无法确定答案，此类题目需要综合全篇来找线索。本题可以利用语义复现解题。由第一段中的“fear seized me”可以推知，作者在发现丢了钱包之后的第一感觉是“害怕”。之后，作者开始在内心计算找回钱包里的那些东西所需要的时间和钱数。故该空应和fear表达的意思相近或同义，故D选项切题。heart-stopping令人心悸的。
方法2 利用首尾呼应关系解题
完形填空在许多情况下不仅仅是在讲述一个故事，而是通过故事来升华主题，而升华的内容往往在文章结尾处，与首段内容形成首尾呼应关系。因此，我们做题不是只到最后一空，而是看到最后一个词，而且要学会“回头看”(重点看首段)。不要过早地放松而忽略了首尾呼应关系，在最后一两道题上留下遗憾。
[典例] (2019·全国Ⅰ)
Does Kilimanjaro 60 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true.
60.A.enjoy B.deserve C.save D.acquire
分析：本题可以采用首尾呼应关系法来解题。纵观全文，文章开头讲到有报道称乞力马扎罗山受到污染，作者提出了质疑，并发现其环境污染问题已经有了很大改观；随后作者以大段文字描述了乞力马扎罗山奇妙的生态系统，因此作者最后得出结论，乞力马扎罗山应该背负一座被游客毁掉了宁谧意境的拥挤之山的名声吗？答案是否定的。deserve one’s reputation 意为“名不虚传，实至名归”。故B选项切题。
方法3 利用文章发展脉络解题
做完形填空题时要合理想象，即合理思考和推理，但绝不能脑洞大开，甚至“胡思乱想”，必须“随文应变”，不可“一意孤行”，要随着文段的发展脉络来调整预测偏差。
[典例] (2019·全国Ⅰ)
...I 56.count twelve shades of green from where I stand.Above 4,000 meters is the highland 57.desert：gravel(砾石)，stones and rocks. 58 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 59.permanent snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear...
58.A.Obviously B.Easily
C.Consequently D.Finally
分析：本段前面的内容已经描述了四种不同的生态系统，此处应该要达到了乞力马扎罗山的最高处了，“最终(finally)”登山者进入了一个类似北极的区域。故D选项切题。
第一节 记叙文
(2018·江苏)
Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment.Their savings had been 36 to pay lawyers’ fees.To make matters worse，Moth was diagnosed(诊断) with a 37 disease.There was no 38 ，only pain relief.
Failing to find any other way out，they decided to make a 39 journey，as they caught sight of an old hikers’(徒步旅行者) guide.
This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and 40 recovery.When leaving home，Raynor and Moth had just ￡320 in the bank.They planned to keep the 41 low by living on boiled noodles，with the 42 hamburger shop treat.
Wild camping is 43 in England.To avoid being caught，the Winns had to get their tent up 44 and packed it away early in the morning.The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot 45 than they remember it was in their 20s.Raynor 46 all over and desired a bath.Moth，meanwhile，after an initial 47 ，found his symptoms were strangely 48 by their daily tiring journey.
49 ，the couple found that their bodies turned for the better，with re-found strong muscles that they thought had 50 forever.“Our hair was fried and falling out，nails broken，clothes 51 to a thread，but we were alive.”
During the journey，Raynor began a career as a nature writer.She writes，“ 52 had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare，an empty page at the end of a(n) 53 written book.It had also given me a 54 ，either to leave that page 55 or to keep writing the story with hope.I chose hope.”
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。一对夫妻因为投资不当而变得无家可归、穷困潦倒；更糟糕的是，丈夫被诊断出得了严重的疾病。走投无路之时，夫妻俩决定徒步旅行，长途跋涉虽然辛苦，但却使他们慢慢地找到了生活的方向。
36.A.drawn up B.used up
C.backed up D.kept up
答案 B
解析 文章开头交代，夫妻俩因投资不当而变得无家可归。由此可推知，为了支付律师费，他们的积蓄被用完(use up)了。draw up起草，(车辆)停下；back up支持；keep up保持，继续。
37.A.mild B.common
C.preventable D.serious
答案 D
解析 由空前的“to make matters worse”(更糟糕的是)及后文的提示“only pain relief”可知Moth被诊断出得了重(serious)病。mild温和的，轻微的；common常见的；preventable可预防的。
38.A.cure B.luck
C.care D.promise
答案 A
解析 由空后的“only pain relief”可知，此处是说该病无法治愈(cure)。luck运气，好运；care关怀，照料；promise许诺，答应。
39.A.business B.walking
C.bus D.rail
答案 B
解析 由空后的hikers可知是徒步旅行，故选walking。business商业；bus公共汽车；rail铁路。
40.A.expected B.frightening
C.disappointing D.surprising
答案 D
解析 由下文可知这次徒步旅行收到了惊人的(surprising)康复效果。expected预期的；frightening吓人的；disappointing令人失望的。
41.A.budget B.revenue
C.compensation D.allowance
答案 A
解析 空前提到，他们只有320英镑，空后提到他们以煮面条为食，由此可知他们计划保持低预算(budget)。revenue税收，收益；compensation补偿费，赔偿金；allowance津贴，零用钱。
42.A.frequent B.occasional
C.abundant D.constant
答案 B
解析 因为预算低，他们只能靠煮面条过活，偶尔(occasional)去汉堡店款待一下自己。空后的treat是名词，有“款待”之意。因为预算低，所以去汉堡店不可能是frequent“频繁的”、abundant“充足的”或constant“经常的”。
43.A.unpopular B.lawful
C.attractive D.illegal
答案 D
解析 由下文的“To avoid being caught”(避免被抓)可知，在英国，野外宿营是非法的(illegal)。unpopular不流行的；lawful合法的；attractive吸引人的。
44.A.soon B.early
C.late D.slowly
答案 C
解析 为了避免被抓，他们只好很晚(late)才撑起帐篷并且一早就把帐篷收起来。显然，该空与early相对，只能选late。soon快，不久；early早；slowly缓慢地。
45.A.harder B.easier
C.cheaper D.funnier
答案 A
解析 根据常识及下文的Raynor浑身疼痛可知夫妻俩很快发现，他们在50多岁时的徒步旅行比记忆中20多岁时的徒步旅行艰难多了(harder)。easier更容易的；cheaper更便宜的；funnier更有趣的。
46.A.rolled B.bled
C.ached D.trembled
答案 C
解析 通读上下文可知，夫妻俩都50多岁了，每天徒步旅行，Raynor浑身疼痛(ache all over)，想洗个澡。roll滚动；bleed流血；tremble颤抖。
47.A.struggle B.progress
C.excitement D.research
答案 A
解析 上文提到Moth得了重病，所以旅行开始时他一定是痛苦的，故选struggle“挣扎”。progress进步；excitement兴奋；research研究，调查。
48.A.developed B.controlled
C.reduced D.increased
答案 C
解析 由空前的strangely(奇怪地)及下一段中的“their bodies turned for the better”(他们的身体好转了)可知Moth的症状减轻(reduce)了。develop发展，成长；control控制；increase增加。
49.A.Initially B.Eventually
C.Temporarily D.Consequently
答案 B
解析 最后(eventually)，夫妻俩发现他们的身体都有所好转。initially最初；temporarily临时地；consequently因此，所以。
50.A.gained B.kept
C.wounded D.lost
答案 D
解析 夫妻俩身体好转，发现本以为永远消失(lose)了的强壮肌肉重新出现了。gain获得；keep保持；wound使受伤。
51.A.sewn B.washed
C.worn D.ironed
答案 C
解析 由空前描述的“头发干枯脱落，指甲断裂”可知该空是说衣服被磨损(wear)成线。sew缝；wash洗；iron熨。
52.A.Doctors B.Hiking
C.Lawyers D.Homelessness
答案 D
解析 通读上下文可知，把她所有物质的东西都带走的不可能是“医生”“徒步旅行”或“律师”，而应是无家可归(homelessness)。
53.A.well B.partly
C.neatly D.originally
答案 B
解析 句意为：无家可归带走了我所有物质的东西，我被撕得支离破碎，在人生这本已经写完一部分的书的最后留下空白的一页。Raynor把自己目前的人生比作已经写完一部分的书(partly written book)。well written写得好；neatly written写得整洁；originally written原创的。
54.A.choice B.reward
C.promise D.break
答案 A
解析 由空后的either...or...及最后一句“I chose hope.(我选择了希望)”可知该处意为“它也给了我一个选择(choice)”。reward奖赏，报酬；promise承诺；break间歇。
55.A.loose B.full
C.blank D.missing
答案 C
解析 上文的“an empty page”提示该空填blank(空白的)。给Raynor的选择是“或者留着那页空白或者带着希望继续写故事”。loose松的；full满的；missing丢失的。
一、题型解读
记叙文完形填空可分为叙事和记人两种形式，它们有几个显著的特点：以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅；大量使用动词；适当出现直接引语。
二、解题技巧
1.抓住文章中心。 中心思想是文章的灵魂和统帅，其他的写作要素都紧紧围绕这一中心进行。 抓住中心有助于明确做题方向，提高针对性。
2.明确叙述角度。 通常记叙文有两大叙述角度：第一人称和第三人称。 第一人称就是从“自我参与”的角度进行叙述，考生可从字里行间读出作者对人物、事件或景色的情感态度。 第三人称就是从“旁观者”的角度客观地记人、叙事、状物。 在做题时考生可采用“角色渗透法”，即假设自己就是文中的角色会有什么感受、做出怎样的选择等，这样有助于走进作者的思维，深入理解文章的含义。
3.理清写作顺序。 根据写作的需要作者往往采用顺叙、倒叙或插叙等方法进行叙述。 理清这些线索有助于了解事情发展的来龙去脉，从而更迅速、准确地理解文意。
4.明确写作要素。 包括事情发生的时间(when)、地点(where)、事件的内容(what)、人物(who)、原因(why)等。 弄清了这些要素也就基本上抓住了文章的主体，理解了整篇文章。
5.洞悉写作目的。 同学们要知道就事论事绝不是记叙文的最终目的，而最终目的是借助叙事来阐明一个道理，给人以启迪或教益。 因此，只有在分析具体情节的基础上认真体会文字背后的东西才能洞悉作者的写作目的，抓住文章的主题。
Several months ago，Greece suffered from the refugee(难民) 1disaster.I hadn’t been 1 of the scale(规模) of it until I actually got to Greece.I 2 as manager of the Oinofyta Camp.This work is like being a 3 ，and I realized that I had met my 4 ，which was to 4take care of them and show them that they were loved and cared about，not 5 .
All of the Greek islands are 6 .I have a camp that within three or four days could 7 500 people.
When your life is spent getting handouts(救济品) from everyone all day，you lose your 8 .7I had this 9 idea that it would be great to start a business，sewing bags from leftover 10 2material.Those people were the 11 people in the camp because they had a purpose.We have 12 in America who want to buy these bags now.
Learning to say 13 has been one of the harder things here at the camp；the constant 14 of 3residents.I was so happy for them when they got their family 15 ，and so sad because I knew that the 16 of me being able to 17 see them again was 5pretty slim.
My 18 kids are all asking me the same question now：“Mom，when are you coming home？”I don’t know.8I hope that my legacy(遗赠) here is that the refugees will always remember that I cared about them，that they were special and 19 ，and that they were 6worthy of that 20 .
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在希腊遭受难民灾难期间，作者去希腊的奥诺费塔难民营服务，看到难民终日靠救济度日，作者想出了一个帮助他们创业的主意，这让难民的生活有了奔头也变得快乐起来，作者希望难民们永远记住自己关心他们。
1.A.afraid B.aware C.fond D.ashamed
答案 B
解析 根据本空后的“until I actually got to Greece”可知，直到作者真正到了希腊她才知道那里的难民灾难的规模有多大，故B项正确。be aware of知道，意识到。
2.A.took over B.made for C.came up D.figured out
答案 A
解析 根据本空后的“as manager of the Oinofyta Camp”可知，她接任(take over)奥诺费塔难民营管理者的工作，故A项正确。
3.A.teacher B.volunteer
C.mother D.lawyer
答案 C
解析 根据空格后的介绍“which was to take care of them and show them that they were loved and cared about”可知，这个工作性质要像位母亲(mother)一样照顾他人，故C项正确。
4.A.failure B.goal
C.moment D.problem
答案 B
解析 根据本空后的“which was to take care of them and show them that they were loved and cared about”可知，作者工作的目标(goal)是照顾难民，让他们感觉到自己是被爱和关心着的，故B项正确。
5.A.forced B.sheltered
C.cured D.forgotten
答案 D
解析 让他们感觉到自己是被爱和关心着的，并没有被遗忘(forget)，故D项正确。
6.A.overcrowded B.abandoned
C.observed D.involved
答案 A
解析 根据第一段第二句话可知，希腊的难民规模很大。由此可知，空处指希腊所有的岛屿都很拥挤(overcrowded)。空后一句也是提示。故A项正确。
7.A.employ B.train
C.examine D.serve
答案 D
解析 根据上文可知，我去希腊是为难民服务的，我的难民营可以为500人服务，故D项正确。
8.A.dignity B.pay
C.demand D.value
答案 A
解析 根据本空前的“When your life is spent getting handouts from everyone all day”和常识可知，当你的生活每天都在接受别人的救济时，你就会失去尊严(dignity)，故A项正确。
9.A.strange B.ordinary
C.wild D.peaceful
答案 C
解析 根据本空后的“idea that it would be great to start a business，sewing bags from leftover material”可知，我有一个疯狂的(wild)想法——那就是开始创业，用剩余的帐篷材料来缝制袋子。故C项正确。
10.A.cooking B.tent
C.heating D.wood
答案 B
解析 根据上下文多次出现的camp和常识可知，用来缝制袋子的应该是剩余的帐篷(tent)材料，故B项正确。
11.A.saddest B.happiest
C.bravest D.calmest
答案 B
解析 根据本空后的“people in the camp because they had a purpose”可知，因为生活有了奔头，所以他们成了难民营里最快乐的人，故B项正确。
12.A.leaders B.consultants
C.workers D.purchasers
答案 D
解析 根据本空后的“in America who want to buy these bags now”可知，我们在美国有一些想买这些袋子的买家(purchaser)，故D项正确。
13.A.goodbye B.thanks
C.sorry D.hello
答案 A
解析 根据下文的“I was so happy...and so sad...see them again was pretty slim”可知，学习说再见(goodbye)是难民营里比较难的事情之一，故A项正确。
14.A.fighting B.checking
C.working D.changing
答案 D
解析 根据空后一句可知，空处指难民营里的难民是不断变化的(changing)。故D项正确。
15.A.anniversary B.party
C.reunion D.celebration
答案 C
解析 根据本空前的“I was so happy for them when they got their family”可知，作者很高兴看到他们与家人重聚，故C项正确。
16.A.pity B.intention
C.possibility D.reward
答案 C
解析 根据本空后的“of me being able to see them again was pretty slim”可知，作者很难过是因为她知道再见到他们的可能性(possibility)很小，故C项正确。
17.A.ever B.never
C.often D.seldom
答案 A
解析 作者知道再见到他们的可能性很小，故A项正确。ever在任何时候。
18.A.positive B.own
C.adopted D.selfish
答案 B
解析 根据本空后的“...kids are all asking me the same question now：‘Mom，when are you coming home？’”可知，作者自己的孩子问她：“妈妈，你什么时候回家？”，故B项正确。
19.A.unexpected B.thankful
C.considerate D.important
答案 D
解析 根据空处所在句可知，作者希望难民们永远记住她关心他们，他们是特别的、重要的(important)，并且他们值得被那样照顾。故D项正确。
20.A.benefit B.reward
C.care D.praise
答案 C
解析 care照顾，照料，护理。故C项正确。
Ⅰ.障碍词汇突破
(一)阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思
1.Because of the weather，the activity was a total disaster.彻底失败的人或事
2.He is a good soldier，but not really officer material.当……人员的料
3.He called upon the government to build more low-cost homes for local residents.居民
(二)同义词语替换
4.It has been my duty to help mom take care of my little brothers and sisters.look after/care for/attend (to)
(三)一词多义
5.pretty adv.颇，相当；很，非常 adj.(人)漂亮的，好看的；(事物)悦耳/悦目的，好听的，好看的
(1)Jenny has a big house and a pretty garden in the city center.好看/悦目的
(2)Maria looks much prettier with her hair cut short.好看的
(3)The performance was pretty impressive.很/非常
(4)I am pretty sure he will say yes.相当
6.worthy adj.值得尊敬的；值得(或应得)……的
(1)He insisted that the problem worthy of attention be discussed at the meeting.值得……的
(2)He is a worthy champion and he has a lot of fans all over the world.值得敬重的
Ⅱ.长难句理解
7.I had this wild idea that it would be great to start a business，sewing bags from leftover tent material.
[句式分析] 本句是一个复合句，that it would be great to start a business，sewing bags from leftover tent material是同位语从句，作idea的同位语，sewing bags from leftover tent material是动词-ing形式作方式状语。
[精美译文] 我有一个疯狂的想法，那就是开始创业，用剩余的帐篷材料来缝制袋子会很棒。
8.I hope that my legacy here is that the refugees will always remember that I cared about them，that they were special and important，and that they were worthy of that care.
[句式分析] 本句是一个复合句，主句是I hope that；第一个that引导宾语从句，第二个that引导表语从句；最后三个that引导的是并列的remember的宾语从句。
[精美译文] 我希望在这儿我的遗赠是难民们会永远记住我关心他们，他们是特别的、重要的，并且他们值得那样被照顾。
强化练(十三)
Ⅰ.单项填空
1.The football striker scored a goal in the last minute of the match，which their victory.
A.appreciated B.endangered
C.guaranteed D.challenged
答案 C
解析 句意为：那个足球前锋在比赛的最后一分钟进了一个球，这确保了他们的胜利。根据语境可知，应选guarantee “保证，确保”。appreciate 欣赏，领会；endanger 使遭危险；challenge 挑战。故选C项。
2.School Art Festivals often include diverse activities like crosstalks and plays，all on a school’s traditions.
A.resting B.rested
C.to rest D.having rested
答案 A
解析 此题为独立主格结构，表示“所有的活动都取决于学校的传统”。all (the activities)与rest之间为主谓关系，故用resting。
3.Besides economic and technological strength，man needs cultural strength to common challenges and head toward a bright future.
A.push for B.shrink from
C.lay out D.cope with
答案 D
解析 人类需要文化实力来应对共同的挑战。cope with应对，处理。
4.The world is changing with globalization， the Belt and Road plays an important role in driving the process.
A.when B.where
C.what D.which
答案 B
解析 此题考查定语从句，在globalization这场变革中，应该用in which，in which 相当于where。
5.People living under the poverty line in the central and western areas can claim to cover their daily expenses.
A.benefit B.deposit
C.revenue D.compensation
答案 A
解析 句意为：中西部地区生活在贫困线以下的居民可以领取补助来补贴自己的日常生活开销。benefit补助金，救济金；deposit存款，订金；revenue收入，税收；compensation补偿费，赔偿金。故选A项。
6.Without standardized tests，students would be subjective assessment and unreliable judgments.
A.on the basis of B.in the wake of
C.at the mercy of D.under the roof of
答案 C
解析 句意为：如果没有标准化测试，学生们将任凭主观、不切实际的评判所摆布。 at the mercy of被……摆布。
7.Decades ago，no one would have imagined modern technology the way people get along with others dramatically.
A.had changed B.changed
C.was changing D.was to change
答案 D
解析 句意为：几十年前，没有人会想到现代科技会极大地改变人们与他人相处的方式。由句意和时间状语Decades ago可知，这里应用过去将来时，表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作。故选D项。
8.— it have been Jessica who came first in the English Speech Contest?
—Definitely.She speaks English like a native speaker.
A.Must B.Can
C.Should D.Would
答案 B
解析 疑问句中表可能用can或者could，如果是过去，用can/could have done sth.。
9. humans are victims of their own existence and conscience，they do have moments of doubt，stress，fear or pain.
A.Before B.Although
C.Unless D.Since
答案 D
解析 句意为：因为人类是他们自身存在和良知的受害者，所以他们确实有怀疑、压力、恐惧或痛苦的时刻。故选D项。
10.Vlog，short for video blog，once in our life，has suddenly caught on recently.
A.ignoring B.being ignored
C.ignored D.having ignored
答案 C
解析 句意为：Vlog，视频博客的缩写，曾经在我们的生活中被忽视，最近突然流行起来。这里是省略结构，此处为once引导的时间状语从句，当主句的主语和从句的主语一致且含be动词时，省略从句的主语和be动词。此处相当于once Vlog is ignored in our life。故选C项。
11.The Voluntary Center helps poor children secure a brighter future with better education，which otherwise hard for them to get.
A.would be B.will be
C.will have been D.would have been
答案 A
解析 which 代指的是前面的education，otherwise表示此处为含蓄条件句，表示与现在事实相反，故用would be。
12.A campaign aimed at carrying forward the spirit of the May 4th Movement in celebration of its 100th anniversary.
A.would be launched B.has been launched
C.had been launched D.was launched
答案 D
解析 这是客观陈述过去的事实，用一般过去时。
13.Mary the volunteer service for turning her life around and strengthening her confidence in her career.
A.credits B.qualifies
C.provides D.exploits
答案 A
解析 句意为：玛丽称赞志愿者服务使她的生活发生了改变，使她增强了对事业的信心。credit...for...因为……表扬，称赞……。故选A项。
14.—What is it that is driving you crazy lately?
— I can’t throw my whole being into study.
A.How B.That C.Whether D.When
答案 B
解析 这是that引导的主语从句，回答what的提问。
15.—Did you read about a guy who stole a police car to see a movie? He was caught in ten minutes.
—It seems to me the guy was .
A.Daniel in the lion’s den B.a tough nut
C.visually challenged D.not all there
答案 D
解析 Daniel in the lion’s den(狮穴里的丹尼尔)表示Daniel有神庇护；a tough nut表示难对付的人或事情；visually challenged表示视觉残疾；not all there表示某人很傻，脑子短路。故选D项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Walter Carr of Birmingham，Alabama，found himself in trouble last week.His old car had broken down the night before he was 16 to start a job as a mover，and his workplace was 50 kilometers from his home.
As he didn’t want to accept 17 ，Carr，a 20-year-old college student，decided to wake up at midnight and 18 eight hours to work on Friday morning.A couple of hours into his trek(跋涉)，Carr 19 in a parking lot to take a break 20 his legs hurt.As he rested，a police car drove up，and an officer， 21 as Mark Knighten，asked Carr if he was OK.Carr 22 what he was doing.The officer took Carr to breakfast and then drove Carr as 23 as possible but had to 24 him off at a church because of an upcoming shift change.Knighten promised Carr that another officer would 25 him the rest of the way.But around 5∶30 a.m.，Carr got 26 about being late and started walking again. 27 ，another officer，Scott Duffey， 28 Carr and drove him the last 4 miles to his job.
“The officer told me about Carr’s journey，” the 29 Lamey told The Washington Post.“That’s when my 30 started coming.” Touched，the homeowner，Lamey posted about Carr on Facebook.The post went viral(走红)，and Luke Marklin，the CEO of the company Carr works for，caught wind of what his new 31 did.He drove to meet Carr and bought him a cup of coffee to 32 him.At the end of their meeting，Marklin surprised Carr with the 33 to his barely driven 2014 Ford Escape.Marklin told the media，“I am honestly 34 by him.”
“Don’t let somebody tell you that you can’t do something，” Carr told the Post 35 .“It’s up to us to decide.”
语篇解读 刚毕业的大学生卡尔因不想失信，在自己的车坏掉的情况下仍徒步50公里去上班地点，在好心警官的帮助下他顺利到达并且获得了上司的赏识。
16.A.ordered B.forced
C.imagined D.supposed
答案 D
解析 根据下文“to work on Friday morning”可知，卡尔应该(was supposed to)在周五早上赶到工作地点开始工作。
17.A.control B.defeat
C.guidance D.blame
答案 B
解析 根据下文“decided to wake up at midnight”可知，卡尔不想就此认输(accept defeat)，所以决定半夜启程。
18.A.spend B.travel
C.walk D.ride
答案 C
解析 根据下文“started walking again”可知，卡尔决定从半夜开始步行(walk)去工作地点。
19.A.continued B.struggled
C.glanced D.stopped
答案 D
解析 长途跋涉几个小时后，卡尔在一个停车场停下来(stop)休息，因为他的腿受伤了。由下文的“As he rested”可推出，他停了下来。
20.A.until B.because
C.though D.unless
答案 B
解析 卡尔停下来休息，因为(because)他的腿受伤了。
21.A.identified B.pretended
C.regarded D.dressed
答案 A
解析 根据下文Lamey把卡尔的故事上传到网上后可推测出，被确认为(identified)第一个帮助他的警官是Mark Knighten。
22.A.repeated B.explained
C.announced D.recalled
答案 B
解析 根据“asked Carr if he was OK”可知，Mark Knighten上前询问卡尔是否安好，卡尔把他的事情解释(explained)给警官听。
23.A.long B.much
C.far D.enough
答案 C
解析 根据下文中的“because of an upcoming shift change”可知，由于要换班，Mark Knighten只能把卡尔送到尽可能远(far)的地方，因此不得不让他在一个教堂边下了车。
24.A.show B.put
C.pay D.drop
答案 D
解析 句意参考上题解析。drop sb. off让某人下车。
25.A.inspire B.send
C.drive D.bring
答案 C
解析 但他保证另一个警官会开车(drive)带他走完剩下的路程。
26.A.convinced B.nervous
C.negative D.annoyed
答案 B
解析 由下文“about being late and started walking again”可知，卡尔担心(nervous)迟到，于是又开始步行。
27.A.Eventually B.Slowly
C.Generally D.Clearly
答案 A
解析 根据下文中的“drove him the last 4 miles to his job”可知，另一名警官最后追上了卡尔，将他送到了工作地点。eventually最后，终于，符合语境。
28.A.went after B.caught up with
C.thought back to D.took over
答案 B
解析 句意参考上题解析。catch up with赶上，追上，符合语境。
29.A.manager B.colleague
C.passer-by D.homeowner
答案 D
解析 根据下文“the homeowner，Lamey”可知，和《华盛顿邮报》的记者讲话的人是房主(homeowner)。
30.A.words B.spirits
C.tears D.hopes
答案 C
解析 根据下文“Touched，the homeowner...”可知，Lamey被感动得热泪(tears)盈眶。
31.A.graduate B.citizen
C.substitute D.employee
答案 D
解析 根据上文“start a job as a mover”可知，Carr是新入职的员工(employee)。
32.A.comfort B.instruct C.promote D.thank
答案 D
解析 Marklin听说了这件事情后，特意开车去见卡尔，并给他买了杯咖啡以示谢意(thank)。
33.A.door B.key C.approach D.plan
答案 B
解析 更让卡尔吃惊的是，会面结束的时候，Marklin递给他一个车钥匙(key)。
34.A.kept away B.cast away
C.blown away D.turned away
答案 C
解析 Marklin告诉新闻媒体，他之所以送车给Carr，是因为他的确被感动了。be blown away被深深打动。
35.A.afterwards B.somehow C.instead D.anyway
答案 A
解析 卡尔后来(afterwards)告诉《华盛顿邮报》的记者。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Summer School at Kellett School
Kellett School is a British International School.Built in 1976，it has a long-serving history in Hong Kong.We are proud to have grown in both reputation and size from two small classes to a full through-train school，with two preparatory campuses and one senior campus，educating students from the age of four all the way through to eighteen.
The majority of our summer programmes are 15 hours in length taught across five days.Students can choose two courses a week (one in the morning and one in the afternoon) or one course (morning or afternoon).
Courses are taught by Kellett staff and also by Kellett partners(organisations that offer activities to Kellett during the term).All course leaders have undergone a strict application procedure as outlined in our Safeguarding Policy，including a Police Check.
Eligibility(资格)：Students aged from 5 years and above
Dates：
Week 1：Tuesday 3 July to Saturday 7 July
Week 2：Monday 9 July to Friday 13 July
Enrollment(登记) opens on 1 March 2019.
All courses are subject to minimum numbers and will be confirmed on 16 May，2019.
Payment must be made in full at the time of application.In the event a course is not running，a full refund will be made.
For enquiries，please e-mail activities@kellettschool.com.
36.What do we know about Kellett School?
A.It is an international recognized school.
B.Students there are aged between 4 and 18.
C.Students there can choose freely when to attend classes.
D.The majority of the courses there are completed in 6 days.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的末尾“...educating students from the age of four all the way through to eighteen.”可知，Kellett学校学生的年龄在四岁到十八岁之间。
37.If one is interested in the Summer School at Kellett School，he has to .
A.enroll by 1 March 2019
B.send an email to Kellett School
C.make full payment when applying for it
D.go through a strict application procedure
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的第一句“Payment must be made in full at the time of application.”可知，报名时必须付全款。
B
In a nation of schools typically named with sensible acronyms(首字母缩略词) or after the names of dead Frenchmen，42 seems a strange title for an institution of higher learning.But then，Xavier Niel’s new technology academy hardly aims to be conventional.
Niel，a friendly telecommunications executive with several billion euros to his name，set up the Paris campus this year to provide programming classes.
Its very name is something mysterious：In The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy，the science-fiction novel by Douglas Adams，the number 42 is the answer to the meaning of life，the universe and everything.
There are no lectures—the college achieves its teaching goals by combining an extreme form of “student-to-student learning”with project-based learning.Students can only find “friendly organizers” wearing T-shirts instead of lecturers.No degree will be awarded，nor must incoming students，ages 18 to 30，be high school graduates.42 is tuition-free(免学费的) and has sought to attract students from the country’s poorest neighborhoods.
The school breaks with the conventional methods，and Niel believes it will produce graduates who are more creative，more employable，more diverse and more useful to the weak French economy as a result.
There were 20,000 applicants this year to enter 42.In the end，just 900 were admitted to the three-year program.
The school will teach problem-solving，its creators say.Some educators call this unworkable.To provide students with “recipes” is hardly enough，said Pierre Baylet，an administrator at the Institute Mines-Telecom，a telecommunications school.“You have to teach them to cook！” Baylet told the education magazine L’Etudiant.
Still，some public officials have welcomed it，especially those who are concerned with the state of the economy.
Similar methods are used by other private universities，including Epitech，the programming college formerly led by Nicolas Sadirac(42’s director) and generally considered France’s best.But annual tuition there and at similar institutions run into several thousand euros.
Corentin Denos，18，said he would need to find a “suitcase full of money” to afford that.He scored high，survived the monthlong camp in Paris and was admitted by 42.The academy might strike some as “a bit strange”，Denos said.“It fits me perfectly.”
38.What do we learn about the name 42?
A.It honors a dead Frenchman.
B.It was given by Douglas Adams.
C.It is from a traditional university.
D.It comes from a number in a novel.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，这所学校的名字来源于一部科幻小说里面的一个数字。
39.Which of the following is an unusual feature of 42?
A.It has no teachers. B.It is hugely expensive.
C.It is run by high schoolers. D.It gives students no assignments.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“There are no lectures...Students can only find ‘friendly organizers’ wearing T-shirts instead of lecturers.”可知，42是一所没有老师的大学。
40.How did Pierre Baylet seem to look at 42?
A.It was creative.
B.It wouldn’t succeed.
C.It forgot to teach cooking skills.
D.It shouldn’t offer students recipes.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第四段中的“Some educators call this unworkable.To provide students with ‘recipes’ is hardly enough...‘You have to teach them to cook！’”可知，Baylet可能认为42的教学模式不会成功。
41.What did Corentin Denos say about colleges like Epitech?
A.He thought they were a bit strange.
B.He didn’t like their teaching methods.
C.He dreamed of going to such colleges.
D.He considered their tuition fees too high.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。由最后一段开头的“Corentin Denos，18，said he would need to find a ‘suitcase full of money’ to afford that.”可知，Denos觉得Epitech这样的学校收费太高。
课件80张PPT。专题二 完形填空近五年江苏卷完形填空考情统计题型分析分析近五年的江苏卷高考试题，我们不难发现，完形填空的文章体裁主要是记叙文，有时是夹叙夹议文。内容主要是传播知识，传递正能量，可读性较强。题型分为句内、句组和语篇等三个层次，以句内层次和句组层次题为主，语篇层次题为辅。设空以语境题和词汇题为主，较难的语篇层次题仅有3道左右。这就要求考生在做完形填空题时，心中始终有这三个层次，认真甄别每道题是属于哪种层次，然后再确定用何种方法来解题，从而做到万无一失。一、四大方法速判句内层面题
句内层面题的解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文意的前提下，利用本句的一些解题信息就可直接作答。对于此类题目，考生可以边读边填，将原文信息尽量复原。
方法1 利用习惯搭配及固定结构解题
完形填空中经常会考查一些习惯搭配、固定结构和固定句式，这时考生就需要运用习惯搭配及固定结构来解题。解题策略典例 (2019·全国Ⅰ)
Mountains are 51 as spiritual places by many cultures.
51.A.studied B.observed
C.explored D.regarded分析：考查固定搭配。regard...as...把……看作，认为……是，符合语境。句意为：在许多文化中，山被认为是精神圣地。study研究；observe观察；explore探索。故选D。方法2 利用生活常识和文化背景解题
完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西方文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，从而轻松地做出正确的判断。典例 (2019·全国Ⅱ)
Jeff had 54 in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog，Rosie，but the gun shots had scared the dog off.Jeff searched 55.in vain for Rosie in the next four days.
54.A.hunted B.skied
C.lived D.worked分析：这道题可以利用生活常识和文化背景解题。根据下文语境和生活常识判断，狗听到枪声吓跑了可知，此处是指Jeff带着狗在打猎，hunt打猎。故选A。方法3 利用对应成分分析法解题
完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。典例 (2019·浙江)
What’s 47.particularly interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet’s cause.Berlin has been the 48 while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen.There，he had to 49.ask at some 50 different stores or restaurants before finding food.The 50.challenge is all the more serious when you consider the 51.demanding exercise required to bike from France to Poland.
48.A.easiest B.nearest
C.biggest D.richest分析：本题可以利用对应成分分析法解题。根据空后的“while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen”可知，空处应该是与最困难的作对比，因此柏林是最容易的(easiest)。故选A。方法4 利用语境暗示分析法解题
上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次题中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境暗示，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。典例 (2019·全国Ⅱ)
It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central Iowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota. During the long trip home，following a weekend of hunting，Ehlers 41.thought about the small dog he had seen 42.trembling alongside the road.He had 43.tried to coax(哄) the dog to him but，frightened，it had 44 .
44.A.calmed down B.stood up
C.rolled over D.run off分析：根据上下文语境，他在尽力地哄那只狗，可是它很害怕，所以此处指那只狗跑掉了(run off)，故选D。二、三大方法智取句组层面题
句组层面题是比句内层面题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中，解题时需瞻前顾后，综合意群信息解答。即本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。
方法1 利用词义/语义复现解题
复现是一种词义/语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的语义复现来选择正确的答案。典例 (2019·全国Ⅰ)
However，I soon 45.discover that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons of rubbish.I find a 47.clean mountain，with toilets at camps and along the paths.The environmental challenges are 48.significant but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 49.paying off.
46.A.equipment B.grass
C.camps D.stones分析：本题可以利用词义/语义复现解题。由下文“at camps ”可知，本句属于原词再现。故C选项切题。方法2 利用作者态度或感彩关联解题
在高考完形填空文章中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。典例 (2019·全国Ⅰ)
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro，the highest mountain in Africa.They 41.bring with them lots of waste.The 42.crowds might damage the beauty of the place.The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing，changing the 43.face of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories，I’m 44 about the place—other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.
44.A.silent B.skeptical
C.serious D.crazy分析：本题可以利用作者态度或感彩关联解题。第一段谈到大批登山者给乞力马扎罗山带来了很多的垃圾，人群可能会破坏这个地方的美丽。冰川正在消失，改变着乞力马扎罗山的地貌。其他目的地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验，所以作者对乞力马扎罗山被严重破坏这一情况表示怀疑。由下文可知，作者亲自来到了乞力马扎罗山，作者想解开这个怀疑。故B选项切题。方法3 利用逻辑关系解题
在句组层次题中，利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法。
典例 (2019·天津)
...Without 23.delay，I called to thank her.She said she 24.spotted my wallet on a bus seat.She 25.calculated that going to a stranger’s house was a 26 move，but she decided to take the chance...
26.A.selfless B.risky
C.slow D.personal分析：本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。根据下文中的转折词but可知，该句和“she decided to take the chance(她还是决定去冒险)”是转折关系。那么该句应指去一个陌生人的家是一个冒险的举动。故B选项正确。risky冒险的。方法4 利用语境暗示分析法解题
在句组层次题中，有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文的语境暗示来解题，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。典例 (2019·全国Ⅱ)
...He had 43.tried to coax(哄)the dog to him but，frightened，it had 44.run off.
Back home，Ehlers was troubled by that 45.lost dog.So，four days later，he called his friend Greg，and the two drove 46.back.After a long and careful 47.search，Greg saw，across a field，the dog moving 48 away.Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him.Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49.joy.It just started licking(舔) Ehlers’ face.
48.A.cautiously B.casually
C.skillfully D.angrily分析：本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据文中提到的frightened，nervousness，fear等词并结合上下文可知，小狗非常地谨慎小心。cautiously谨慎地，小心地。故选A。三、“一原则、三方法”做好语篇层面题
语篇层面题的解答必须立足于整个语篇，因此在解题时，对于此类题目要坚持一原则：不急于解答，读完全文综合思维后再定夺。要跨越段落，顺藤摸瓜，仔细对比，最终得出答案。具体来说，可采用以下三法来解题：
方法1 利用语义复现解题
在语篇层面题中，我们同样可以利用语义复现法来解题。典例 (2019·天津)
I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night，when fear seized me.My wallet was gone.I could only have left it on the G9 bus，which was now speeding in the dark to some 16.unknown station.
The 17 moment was quickly followed by mental math.How much time and money would it cost to replace the 18.contents of that little wallet?
17.A.face-saving B.brain-washing
C.eye-catching D.heart-stopping分析：本题是典型的语篇层次题，只看题目所在的句子我们无法确定答案，此类题目需要综合全篇来找线索。本题可以利用语义复现解题。由第一段中的“fear seized me”可以推知，作者在发现丢了钱包之后的第一感觉是“害怕”。之后，作者开始在内心计算找回钱包里的那些东西所需要的时间和钱数。故该空应和fear表达的意思相近或同义，故D选项切题。heart-stopping令人心悸的。方法2 利用首尾呼应关系解题
完形填空在许多情况下不仅仅是在讲述一个故事，而是通过故事来升华主题，而升华的内容往往在文章结尾处，与首段内容形成首尾呼应关系。因此，我们做题不是只到最后一空，而是看到最后一个词，而且要学会“回头看”(重点看首段)。不要过早地放松而忽略了首尾呼应关系，在最后一两道题上留下遗憾。 典例 (2019·全国Ⅰ)
Does Kilimanjaro 60 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true.
60.A.enjoy B.deserve
C.save D.acquire分析：本题可以采用首尾呼应关系法来解题。纵观全文，文章开头讲到有报道称乞力马扎罗山受到污染，作者提出了质疑，并发现其环境污染问题已经有了很大改观；随后作者以大段文字描述了乞力马扎罗山奇妙的生态系统，因此作者最后得出结论，乞力马扎罗山应该背负一座被游客毁掉了宁谧意境的拥挤之山的名声吗？答案是否定的。deserve one’s reputation 意为“名不虚传，实至名归”。故B选项切题。方法3 利用文章发展脉络解题
做完形填空题时要合理想象，即合理思考和推理，但绝不能脑洞大开，甚至“胡思乱想”，必须“随文应变”，不可“一意孤行”，要随着文段的发展脉络来调整预测偏差。典例 (2019·全国Ⅰ)
...I 56.count twelve shades of green from where I stand.Above 4,000 meters is the highland 57.desert：gravel(砾石)，stones and rocks. 58 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 59.permanent snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear...
58.A.Obviously B.Easily
C.Consequently D.Finally分析：本段前面的内容已经描述了四种不同的生态系统，此处应该要达到了乞力马扎罗山的最高处了，“最终(finally)”登山者进入了一个类似北极的区域。故D选项切题。真题感悟名师点津随堂限时练第一节 记叙文PART
1真题感悟(2018·江苏)
Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment.Their savings had been 36 to pay lawyers’ fees.To make matters worse，Moth was diagnosed(诊断) with a 37 disease.There was no 38 ，only pain relief.36.A.drawn up B.used up
C.backed up D.kept up解析 文章开头交代，夫妻俩因投资不当而变得无家可归。由此可推知，为了支付律师费，他们的积蓄被用完(use up)了。draw up起草，(车辆)停下；back up支持；keep up保持，继续。√(2018·江苏)
Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment.Their savings had been 36 to pay lawyers’ fees.To make matters worse，Moth was diagnosed(诊断) with a 37 disease.There was no 38 ，only pain relief.37.A.mild B.common
C.preventable D.serious解析 由空前的“to make matters worse”(更糟糕的是)及后文的提示“only pain relief”可知Moth被诊断出得了重(serious)病。mild温和的，轻微的；common常见的；preventable可预防的。√(2018·江苏)
Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment.Their savings had been 36 to pay lawyers’ fees.To make matters worse，Moth was diagnosed(诊断) with a 37 disease.There was no 38 ，only pain relief.38.A.cure B.luck
C.care D.promise解析 由空后的“only pain relief”可知，此处是说该病无法治愈(cure)。luck运气，好运；care关怀，照料；promise许诺，答应。√Failing to find any other way out，they decided to make a 39 journey，as they caught sight of an old hikers’(徒步旅行者) guide.39.A.business B.walking
C.bus D.rail解析 由空后的hikers可知是徒步旅行，故选walking。business商业；bus公共汽车；rail铁路。√This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and 40 recovery. When leaving home，Raynor and Moth had just ￡320 in the bank.They planned to keep the 41 low by living on boiled noodles，with the 42 hamburger shop treat.40.A.expected B.frightening
C.disappointing D.surprising解析 由下文可知这次徒步旅行收到了惊人的(surprising)康复效果。expected预期的；frightening吓人的；disappointing令人失望的。√This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and 40 recovery. When leaving home，Raynor and Moth had just ￡320 in the bank.They planned to keep the 41 low by living on boiled noodles，with the 42 hamburger shop treat.41.A.budget B.revenue
C.compensation D.allowance解析 空前提到，他们只有320英镑，空后提到他们以煮面条为食，由此可知他们计划保持低预算(budget)。revenue税收，收益；compensation补偿费，赔偿金；allowance津贴，零用钱。√This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and 40 recovery. When leaving home，Raynor and Moth had just ￡320 in the bank.They planned to keep the 41 low by living on boiled noodles，with the 42 hamburger shop treat.42.A.frequent B.occasional
C.abundant D.constant解析 因为预算低，他们只能靠煮面条过活，偶尔(occasional)去汉堡店款待一下自己。空后的treat是名词，有“款待”之意。因为预算低，所以去汉堡店不可能是frequent“频繁的”、abundant“充足的”或constant“经常的”。√Wild camping is 43 in England.To avoid being caught，the Winns had to get their tent up 44 and packed it away early in the morning.The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot 45 than they remember it was in their 20s.Raynor 46 all over and desired a bath.Moth，meanwhile，after an initial 47 ，found his symptoms were strangely 48 by their daily tiring journey.43.A.unpopular B.lawful
C.attractive D.illegal解析 由下文的“To avoid being caught”(避免被抓)可知，在英国，野外宿营是非法的(illegal)。unpopular不流行的；lawful合法的；attractive吸引人的。√Wild camping is 43 in England.To avoid being caught，the Winns had to get their tent up 44 and packed it away early in the morning.The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot 45 than they remember it was in their 20s.Raynor 46 all over and desired a bath.Moth，meanwhile，after an initial 47 ，found his symptoms were strangely 48 by their daily tiring journey.44.A.soon B.early
C.late D.slowly解析 为了避免被抓，他们只好很晚(late)才撑起帐篷并且一早就把帐篷收起来。显然，该空与early相对，只能选late。soon快，不久；early早；slowly缓慢地。√Wild camping is 43 in England.To avoid being caught，the Winns had to get their tent up 44 and packed it away early in the morning.The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot 45 than they remember it was in their 20s.Raynor 46 all over and desired a bath.Moth，meanwhile，after an initial 47 ，found his symptoms were strangely 48 by their daily tiring journey.45.A.harder B.easier C.cheaper D.funnier解析 根据常识及下文的Raynor浑身疼痛可知夫妻俩很快发现，他们在50多岁时的徒步旅行比记忆中20多岁时的徒步旅行艰难多了(harder)。easier更容易的；cheaper更便宜的；funnier更有趣的。√Wild camping is 43 in England.To avoid being caught，the Winns had to get their tent up 44 and packed it away early in the morning.The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot 45 than they remember it was in their 20s.Raynor 46 all over and desired a bath.Moth，meanwhile，after an initial 47 ，found his symptoms were strangely 48 by their daily tiring journey.46.A.rolled B.bled
C.ached D.trembled解析 通读上下文可知，夫妻俩都50多岁了，每天徒步旅行，Raynor浑身疼痛(ache all over)，想洗个澡。roll滚动；bleed流血；tremble颤抖。√Wild camping is 43 in England.To avoid being caught，the Winns had to get their tent up 44 and packed it away early in the morning.The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot 45 than they remember it was in their 20s.Raynor 46 all over and desired a bath.Moth，meanwhile，after an initial 47 ，found his symptoms were strangely 48 by their daily tiring journey.47.A.struggle B.progress
C.excitement D.research解析 上文提到Moth得了重病，所以旅行开始时他一定是痛苦的，故选struggle“挣扎”。progress进步；excitement兴奋；research研究，调查。√Wild camping is 43 in England.To avoid being caught，the Winns had to get their tent up 44 and packed it away early in the morning.The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot 45 than they remember it was in their 20s.Raynor 46 all over and desired a bath.Moth，meanwhile，after an initial 47 ，found his symptoms were strangely 48 by their daily tiring journey.48.A.developed B.controlled C.reduced D.increased解析 由空前的strangely(奇怪地)及下一段中的“their bodies turned for the better”(他们的身体好转了)可知Moth的症状减轻(reduce)了。develop发展，成长；control控制；increase增加。√ 49 ，the couple found that their bodies turned for the better，with re-found strong muscles that they thought had 50 forever.“Our hair was fried and falling out，nails broken，clothes 51 to a thread，but we were alive.”49.A.Initially B.Eventually C.Temporarily D.Consequently解析 最后(eventually)，夫妻俩发现他们的身体都有所好转。initially最初；temporarily临时地；consequently因此，所以。√50.A.gained B.kept C.wounded D.lost解析 夫妻俩身体好转，发现本以为永远消失(lose)了的强壮肌肉重新出现了。gain获得；keep保持；wound使受伤。√ 49 ，the couple found that their bodies turned for the better，with re-found strong muscles that they thought had 50 forever.“Our hair was fried and falling out，nails broken，clothes 51 to a thread，but we were alive.”51.A.sewn B.washed
C.worn D.ironed√解析 由空前描述的“头发干枯脱落，指甲断裂”可知该空是说衣服被磨损(wear)成线。sew缝；wash洗；iron熨。During the journey，Raynor began a career as a nature writer.She writes，“ 52 had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare，an empty page at the end of a(n) 53 written book.It had also given me a 54 ，either to leave that page 55 or to keep writing the story with hope.I chose hope.”52.A.Doctors B.Hiking
C.Lawyers D.Homelessness√解析 通读上下文可知，把她所有物质的东西都带走的不可能是“医生”“徒步旅行”或“律师”，而应是无家可归(homelessness)。During the journey，Raynor began a career as a nature writer.She writes，“ 52 had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare，an empty page at the end of a(n) 53 written book.It had also given me a 54 ，either to leave that page 55 or to keep writing the story with hope.I chose hope.”53.A.well B.partly
C.neatly D.originally√解析 句意为：无家可归带走了我所有物质的东西，我被撕得支离破碎，在人生这本已经写完一部分的书的最后留下空白的一页。Raynor把自己目前的人生比作已经写完一部分的书(partly written book)。well written写得好；neatly written写得整洁；originally written原创的。During the journey，Raynor began a career as a nature writer.She writes，“ 52 had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare，an empty page at the end of a(n) 53 written book.It had also given me a 54 ，either to leave that page 55 or to keep writing the story with hope.I chose hope.”54.A.choice B.reward
C.promise D.break√解析 由空后的either...or...及最后一句“I chose hope.(我选择了希望)”可知该处意为“它也给了我一个选择(choice)”。reward奖赏，报酬；promise承诺；break间歇。During the journey，Raynor began a career as a nature writer.She writes，“ 52 had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare，an empty page at the end of a(n) 53 written book.It had also given me a 54 ，either to leave that page 55 or to keep writing the story with hope.I chose hope.”55.A.loose B.full
C.blank D.missing√解析 上文的“an empty page”提示该空填blank(空白的)。给Raynor的选择是“或者留着那页空白或者带着希望继续写故事”。loose松的；full满的；missing丢失的。语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。一对夫妻因为投资不当而变得无家可归、穷困潦倒；更糟糕的是，丈夫被诊断出得了严重的疾病。走投无路之时，夫妻俩决定徒步旅行，长途跋涉虽然辛苦，但却使他们慢慢地找到了生活的方向。PART
2名师点津一、题型解读
记叙文完形填空可分为叙事和记人两种形式，它们有几个显著的特点：以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅；大量使用动词；适当出现直接引语。二、解题技巧
1.抓住文章中心。 中心思想是文章的灵魂和统帅，其他的写作要素都紧紧围绕这一中心进行。 抓住中心有助于明确做题方向，提高针对性。
2.明确叙述角度。 通常记叙文有两大叙述角度：第一人称和第三人称。 第一人称就是从“自我参与”的角度进行叙述，考生可从字里行间读出作者对人物、事件或景色的情感态度。 第三人称就是从“旁观者”的角度客观地记人、叙事、状物。 在做题时考生可采用“角色渗透法”，即假设自己就是文中的角色会有什么感受、做出怎样的选择等，这样有助于走进作者的思维，深入理解文章的含义。3.理清写作顺序。 根据写作的需要作者往往采用顺叙、倒叙或插叙等方法进行叙述。 理清这些线索有助于了解事情发展的来龙去脉，从而更迅速、准确地理解文意。
4.明确写作要素。 包括事情发生的时间(when)、地点(where)、事件的内容(what)、人物(who)、原因(why)等。 弄清了这些要素也就基本上抓住了文章的主体，理解了整篇文章。
5.洞悉写作目的。 同学们要知道就事论事绝不是记叙文的最终目的，而最终目的是借助叙事来阐明一个道理，给人以启迪或教益。 因此，只有在分析具体情节的基础上认真体会文字背后的东西才能洞悉作者的写作目的，抓住文章的主题。PART
3随堂限时练Several months ago，Greece suffered from the refugee(难民) 1disaster.I hadn’t been 1 of the scale(规模) of it until I actually got to Greece.I 2 as manager of the Oinofyta Camp.This work is like being a 3 ，and I realized that I had met my 4 ，which was to 4take care of them and show them that they were loved and cared about，not 5 .1.A.afraid B.aware
C.fond D.ashamed√解析 根据本空后的“until I actually got to Greece”可知，直到作者真正到了希腊她才知道那里的难民灾难的规模有多大，故B项正确。be aware of知道，意识到。Several months ago，Greece suffered from the refugee(难民) 1disaster.I hadn’t been 1 of the scale(规模) of it until I actually got to Greece.I 2 as manager of the Oinofyta Camp.This work is like being a 3 ，and I realized that I had met my 4 ，which was to 4take care of them and show them that they were loved and cared about，not 5 .2.A.took over B.made for
C.came up D.figured out√解析 根据本空后的“as manager of the Oinofyta Camp”可知，她接任(take over)奥诺费塔难民营管理者的工作，故A项正确。Several months ago，Greece suffered from the refugee(难民) 1disaster.I hadn’t been 1 of the scale(规模) of it until I actually got to Greece.I 2 as manager of the Oinofyta Camp.This work is like being a 3 ，and I realized that I had met my 4 ，which was to 4take care of them and show them that they were loved and cared about，not 5 .3.A.teacher B.volunteer
C.mother D.lawyer√解析 根据空格后的介绍“which was to take care of them and show them that they were loved and cared about”可知，这个工作性质要像位母亲(mother)一样照顾他人，故C项正确。Several months ago，Greece suffered from the refugee(难民) 1disaster.I hadn’t been 1 of the scale(规模) of it until I actually got to Greece.I 2 as manager of the Oinofyta Camp.This work is like being a 3 ，and I realized that I had met my 4 ，which was to 4take care of them and show them that they were loved and cared about，not 5 .4.A.failure B.goal
C.moment D.problem√解析 根据本空后的“which was to take care of them and show them that they were loved and cared about”可知，作者工作的目标(goal)是照顾难民，让他们感觉到自己是被爱和关心着的，故B项正确。Several months ago，Greece suffered from the refugee(难民) 1disaster.I hadn’t been 1 of the scale(规模) of it until I actually got to Greece.I 2 as manager of the Oinofyta Camp.This work is like being a 3 ，and I realized that I had met my 4 ，which was to 4take care of them and show them that they were loved and cared about，not 5 .5.A.forced B.sheltered
C.cured D.forgotten√解析 让他们感觉到自己是被爱和关心着的，并没有被遗忘(forget)，故D项正确。All of the Greek islands are 6 .I have a camp that within three or four days could 7 500 people.6.A.overcrowded B.abandoned
C.observed D.involved解析 根据第一段第二句话可知，希腊的难民规模很大。由此可知，空处指希腊所有的岛屿都很拥挤(overcrowded)。空后一句也是提示。故A项正确。√7.A.employ B.train
C.examine D.serve解析 根据上文可知，我去希腊是为难民服务的，我的难民营可以为500人服务，故D项正确。√When your life is spent getting handouts(救济品) from everyone all day，you lose your 8 .7I had this 9 idea that it would be great to start a business，sewing bags from leftover 10 2material.Those people were the 11 people in the camp because they had a purpose.We have 12 in America who want to buy these bags now.8.A.dignity B.pay
C.demand D.value√解析 根据本空前的“When your life is spent getting handouts from everyone all day”和常识可知，当你的生活每天都在接受别人的救济时，你就会失去尊严(dignity)，故A项正确。When your life is spent getting handouts(救济品) from everyone all day，you lose your 8 .7I had this 9 idea that it would be great to start a business，sewing bags from leftover 10 2material.Those people were the 11 people in the camp because they had a purpose.We have 12 in America who want to buy these bags now.9.A.strange B.ordinary
C.wild D.peaceful√解析 根据本空后的“idea that it would be great to start a business，sewing bags from leftover material”可知，我有一个疯狂的(wild)想法——那就是开始创业，用剩余的帐篷材料来缝制袋子。故C项正确。When your life is spent getting handouts(救济品) from everyone all day，you lose your 8 .7I had this 9 idea that it would be great to start a business，sewing bags from leftover 10 2material.Those people were the 11 people in the camp because they had a purpose.We have 12 in America who want to buy these bags now.10.A.cooking B.tent
C.heating D.wood√解析 根据上下文多次出现的camp和常识可知，用来缝制袋子的应该是剩余的帐篷(tent)材料，故B项正确。When your life is spent getting handouts(救济品) from everyone all day，you lose your 8 .7I had this 9 idea that it would be great to start a business，sewing bags from leftover 10 2material.Those people were the 11 people in the camp because they had a purpose.We have 12 in America who want to buy these bags now.11.A.saddest B.happiest
C.bravest D.calmest√解析 根据本空后的“people in the camp because they had a purpose”可知，因为生活有了奔头，所以他们成了难民营里最快乐的人，故B项正确。When your life is spent getting handouts(救济品) from everyone all day，you lose your 8 .7I had this 9 idea that it would be great to start a business，sewing bags from leftover 10 2material.Those people were the 11 people in the camp because they had a purpose.We have 12 in America who want to buy these bags now.12.A.leaders B.consultants
C.workers D.purchasers√解析 根据本空后的“in America who want to buy these bags now”可知，我们在美国有一些想买这些袋子的买家(purchaser)，故D项正确。Learning to say 13 has been one of the harder things here at the camp；the constant 14 of 3residents.I was so happy for them when they got their family 15 ，and so sad because I knew that the 16 of me being able to 17 see them again was 5pretty slim.13.A.goodbye B.thanks
C.sorry D.hello√解析 根据下文的“I was so happy...and so sad...see them again was pretty slim”可知，学习说再见(goodbye)是难民营里比较难的事情之一，故A项正确。Learning to say 13 has been one of the harder things here at the camp；the constant 14 of 3residents.I was so happy for them when they got their family 15 ，and so sad because I knew that the 16 of me being able to 17 see them again was 5pretty slim.14.A.fighting B.checking
C.working D.changing√解析 根据空后一句可知，空处指难民营里的难民是不断变化的(changing)。故D项正确。Learning to say 13 has been one of the harder things here at the camp；the constant 14 of 3residents.I was so happy for them when they got their family 15 ，and so sad because I knew that the 16 of me being able to 17 see them again was 5pretty slim.15.A.anniversary B.party
C.reunion D.celebration√解析 根据本空前的“I was so happy for them when they got their family”可知，作者很高兴看到他们与家人重聚，故C项正确。Learning to say 13 has been one of the harder things here at the camp；the constant 14 of 3residents.I was so happy for them when they got their family 15 ，and so sad because I knew that the 16 of me being able to 17 see them again was 5pretty slim.16.A.pity B.intention
C.possibility D.reward√解析 根据本空后的“of me being able to see them again was pretty slim”可知，作者很难过是因为她知道再见到他们的可能性(possibility)很小，故C项正确。Learning to say 13 has been one of the harder things here at the camp；the constant 14 of 3residents.I was so happy for them when they got their family 15 ，and so sad because I knew that the 16 of me being able to 17 see them again was 5pretty slim.17.A.ever B.never
C.often D.seldom√解析 作者知道再见到他们的可能性很小，故A项正确。ever在任何时候。My 18 kids are all asking me the same question now：“Mom，when are you coming home？”I don’t know.8I hope that my legacy(遗赠) here is that the refugees will always remember that I cared about them，that they were special and 19 ，and that they were 6worthy of that 20 .18.A.positive B.own
C.adopted D.selfish√解析 根据本空后的“...kids are all asking me the same question now：‘Mom，when are you coming home？’”可知，作者自己的孩子问她：“妈妈，你什么时候回家？”，故B项正确。My 18 kids are all asking me the same question now：“Mom，when are you coming home？”I don’t know.8I hope that my legacy(遗赠) here is that the refugees will always remember that I cared about them，that they were special and 19 ，and that they were 6worthy of that 20 .19.A.unexpected B.thankful
C.considerate D.important√解析 根据空处所在句可知，作者希望难民们永远记住她关心他们，他们是特别的、重要的(important)，并且他们值得被那样照顾。故D项正确。My 18 kids are all asking me the same question now：“Mom，when are you coming home？”I don’t know.8I hope that my legacy(遗赠) here is that the refugees will always remember that I cared about them，that they were special and 19 ，and that they were 6worthy of that 20 .20.A.benefit B.reward
C.care D.praise√解析 care照顾，照料，护理。故C项正确。语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在希腊遭受难民灾难期间，作者去希腊的奥诺费塔难民营服务，看到难民终日靠救济度日，作者想出了一个帮助他们创业的主意，这让难民的生活有了奔头也变得快乐起来，作者希望难民们永远记住自己关心他们。做完以上完形后，巧妙运用语境，解决障碍词和长难句素材提炼再拓展Ⅰ.障碍词汇突破
(一)阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思
1.Because of the weather，the activity was a total disaster. _________________
2.He is a good soldier，but not really officer material. _______________
3.He called upon the government to build more low-cost homes for local residents.
______
(二)同义词语替换
4.It has been my duty to help mom take care of my little brothers and sisters.
___________________________彻底失败的人或事当……人员的料居民look after/care for/attend (to)(三)一词多义
5.pretty adv.颇，相当；很，非常 adj.(人)漂亮的，好看的；(事物)悦耳/悦目的，好听的，好看的
(1)Jenny has a big house and a pretty garden in the city center. ___________
(2)Maria looks much prettier with her hair cut short. _______
(3)The performance was pretty impressive. ________
(4)I am pretty sure he will say yes. _____
6.worthy adj.值得尊敬的；值得(或应得)……的
(1)He insisted that the problem worthy of attention be discussed at the meeting.
____________
(2)He is a worthy champion and he has a lot of fans all over the world.
____________好看/悦目的好看的很/非常相当值得……的值得敬重的Ⅱ.长难句理解
7.I had this wild idea that it would be great to start a business，sewing bags from leftover tent material.
[句式分析] 本句是一个复合句，that it would be great to start a business，sewing bags from leftover tent material是 从句，作idea的同位语，sewing bags from leftover tent material是动词-ing形式作 。
[精美译文] ________________________________________________________
__________________同位语方式状语 我有一个疯狂的想法，那就是开始创业，用剩余的帐篷材料来缝制袋子会很棒。8.I hope that my legacy here is that the refugees will always remember that I cared about them，that they were special and important，and that they were worthy of that care.
[句式分析] 本句是一个复合句，主句是I hope that；第一个that引导 从句，第二个that引导 从句；最后三个that引导的是并列的remember的_____从句。
[精美译文] ________________________________________________________
____________________________________________宾语表语 我希望在这儿我的遗赠是难民们会永远记住我关心他们，他们是特别的、重要的，并且他们值得那样被照顾。表语本课结束 第三节 说明文
I’ve suffered from serious social anxiety and anger problems as long as I can remember.
A couple of years ago I 1 what I thought was a good plan of keeping positive：every time I became 2 about something I couldn’t change，I’d do a casual act of 3 .Things like losing money or not getting a promotion saw me 4 goods to our local food bank(食品赈济处).
At the 5 of this June I myself and my partner went on our first holiday in years.We climbed Mt.Teide. 6 I stood at the top with a state of high altitude， 7 in my brain seemed to burst.I felt 8 and came down that mountain as quickly as I could.
This anxious feeling about the 9 in the early June lasted，but I went back to work and didn’t 10 .I knew scares didn’t 11 the problem.I actually removed my headphones to talk to someone I knew in the street.I was 12 .I went to the supermarket and 13 ，which kept me cool.I lost some money，but I thought it was only money.
When I got home，I turned on the computer.Beyond my 14 ，I found this site and the smile 15 through surfing on the web.In the 16 were these smile cards which I’d never heard of.So here I am!
I changed my 17 acts plan after the early June trip，for every day I was anxiety-free.I’d do something to say thank you to life for a good day.By now I’ve 18 food for humans and pets in need of help，and helped strangers 19 their shopping upstairs.The universe was possibly sending me a 20 message with the smile cards.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章作者介绍了自己克服焦虑和气愤的方法及保持积极乐观的经历。
1.A.came up with B.broke away from
C.put up with D.ended up with
答案 A
解析 几年前，我想出了一个我自认为能保持积极乐观的好办法。根据句意可知选A。come up with提出； break away from从……脱离；put up with忍受； end up with以……结束。
2.A.happy B.concerned
C.fearful D.angry
答案 D
解析 由上文的“serious social anxiety and anger problems”可知，空处指每次我对于不能改变的事情生气时，我会做慈善。故选D。happy快乐的；concerned担心的；fearful害怕的； angry生气的。
3.A.voluntary work B.charity
C.shopping D.driving
答案 B
解析 由下句中的“goods to our local food bank”可知我做的是慈善。故选B。voluntary work志愿工作；charity慈善；shopping购物；driving驾驶。
4.A.lending B.throwing
C.offering D.wasting
答案 C
解析 此处指作者向食品赈济处提供物品，故选C。offer sth.to sb.提供某物给某人，符合语境。lend借；throw扔；waste浪费。
5.A.start B.middle
C.end D.top
答案 A
解析 联系下段的“in the early June”可知，这里的时间是六月初。故选A。start开始；middle中间；end结束；top顶端。
6.A.As B.Unless
C.If D.Though
答案 A
解析 当我站在海拔高度很高的山顶时，我脑子里好像有东西要爆炸。根据句意可知选A。as当，因为，随着，作为；unless除非；if如果；though尽管。
7.A.nothing B.everything
C.something D.anything
答案 C
解析 nothing没有东西； everything每样东西； something某个东西； anything任何东西。句意参见上题解析。故选C。
8.A.pleased B.helped
C.excited D.worried
答案 D
解析 根据语境和下文的“This anxious feeling”可知，空处指我感到很担心(worried)，所以尽快地下了山，故选D。
9.A.hiking B.climb
C.flight D.race
答案 B
解析 根据上下文可知，这里说的是六月初我对爬山的焦虑情感一直持续，故选B。
10.A.wait B.leave
C.panic D.hesitate
答案 C
解析 联系下句“害怕不能解决问题”可知，作者回去工作了，而且没有恐慌。故选C。wait等待；leave离开； panic恐慌；hesitate犹豫。
11.A.find B.consult
C.reject D.solve
答案 D
解析 因为我知道害怕不能解决问题。根据句意可知选D。find发现；consult咨询；reject拒绝；solve解决。
12.A.frightened B.calm
C.disappointed D.sad
答案 B
解析 由下文的“kept me cool”可知，我很镇静。故选B。frightened感到害怕的； calm镇静的，冷静的； disappointed失望的；sad伤心的。
13.A.shouted B.cried
C.worked D.shopped
答案 D
解析 由空前的“went to the supermarket”和空后的“lost some money”可知，我去超市购物了。shout大叫；cry哭，喊； work工作，起作用；shop购物。
14.A.reach B.ability
C.expectation D.touch
答案 C
解析 联系下文“these smile cards which I’d never heard of”可知，这些笑容卡是我之前从未听说的，由此可推知我发现这个网站和笑容卡是意料之外的。beyond expectation出乎预料，意料之外。故选C。
15.A.cards B.pictures
C.words D.videos
答案 A
解析 联系下文“these smile cards which I’d never heard of”可知，我发现了这个网站和笑容卡。故选A。
16.A.drawer B.web
C.room D.book
答案 B
解析 联系上句“surfing on the web”可知这些笑容卡在网上。故选B。
17.A.serious B.casual
C.general D.wasteful
答案 B
解析 联系上文的“I’d do a casual act of”可知，六月初的旅行之后我改变了这种随意的(casual)的行为计划。故选B。
18.A.donated B.exchanged
C.sold D.stolen
答案 A
解析 由下文的“helped strangers”可知，此处指的是捐赠食物。故选A。donate捐赠； exchange交换； sell卖；steal偷。
19.A.sell B.buy
C.find D.lift
答案 D
解析 根据语境可知，此处指我帮助陌生人提东西上楼梯。故选D。sell卖；buy买；find发现；lift举起，抬高。
20.A.bad B.attractive
C.positive D.passive
答案 C
解析 联系第二段中的“what I thought was a good plan of keeping positive”可知，作者是想找到保持积极乐观的计划。故可推知，此处指宇宙可能用笑容卡给我发了一条积极的信息。故选C。bad坏的；attractive有吸引力的；positive积极的；passive被动的，消极的。
一、题型解读
说明文是对事物的特征、本质、性能、状态、用途、原理或事物的发生、发展、结果等进行介绍、解释、说明的一种文体。 与记叙文相比，说明文类完形填空有如下命题特点：
1.文章多用一般现在时态。 说明文通常是对客观事物或实例的介绍与说明，与时间的变化关系不大，所以文章常用一般现在时态。
2.语言简练、平实、准确，常采用客观描述。 说明文的目的是要帮助读者认清事物，明白事理，所以语言简练、平实，易于理解，内容客观真实。
3.文章主题明确，层次分明。 高考说明文类完形填空往往在文章开头就点明说明对象，从而为同学们把握文章主题提供了有利条件。 而且，作者借助合理的说明顺序展开文章，使文章结构清晰，层次分明。
二、解题技巧
1.明确说明对象，理清段落关系。 通读全文，明确作者是针对哪一个说明对象从不同的角度和侧面对其加以说明的。 在阅读过程中要概括、总结每一段说明的侧重点，理清各段之间的关系，加深对说明对象的理解。
2.弄清说明顺序，把握作者态度。 在说明的过程中作者会选择合理的说明顺序对说明对象进行解说。 把握了说明顺序就能准确把握文章的脉络，加深对整篇文章的理解。 常见的说明顺序有时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序(如因果关系、果因关系、先主后次等)和认识顺序(如由此及彼、由浅入深、由局部到整体、由现象到本质等)。 另外，在理清作者思路的基础上，还要注意反映作者态度的关键词或关键句，把握作者的写作情感和意思。
Do you ever feel like you are studying a mad rush of one subject after another? When things happen at such a 1 1pace，it is easy to lose sight of what you are learning.It is important to 2 every now and then to think about what you’ve been learning.
8Self-reflection means stopping the mad rush and 3 yourself so your brain can 5evaluate what it has already 4 .Some people prefer to do their self-reflections 5 ，while others keep a 2journal.Either method can work，depending on what your own personal 6 is.
School textbooks are often divided into units.This can make it 7 for someone to begin the process of self-reflection.Watch for the times when you complete a unit of study.Sometimes you are reminded that the unit is 8 because there is some kind of test or 3quiz.Use these natural 9 as 7opportunities to stop and reflect.
You should find a 10 place—anywhere without noise is OK.This can even be sitting at your desk at school when you finish something 11 and the other students are still working.If you are going to take notes，take out your journal.Write down some notes on things that you 12 learned in this unit.Let your mind think about the notes you have written and make some 13 .
9Sometimes just 4pausing to think deeply allows your brain to make connections 14 new information can quickly appear when you 15 it again.Next，think about things that you still wonder about. 16 ，maybe you learned about a certain body system，but you don’t 17 how it works with the other body systems.Maybe you learned a new way to solve a math problem，but you’re not sure when to use it.Writing down your 18 will help you remember to continue seeking answers the next time you 19 the same topic.
Self-reflection is an 6essential skill for a 20 student.If you have never taken the time to reflect，try it now.
语篇解读 本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自我反思的定义以及它是如何帮助学生学习的。
1.A.steady B.fast
C.relaxing D.unique
答案 B
解析 根据前文的“a mad rush of one subject after another”可知，此处是指比较快的(fast)节奏。故选B。
2.A.change B.check
C.stop D.exercise
答案 C
解析 时不时地停下来(stop)回想一下你一直在学的东西是非常重要的。故选C。下文的“stopping the mad rush”亦是提示。
3.A.calming B.enjoying
C.behaving D.helping
答案 A
解析 根据上文提到快节奏的学习以及空前的“stopping the mad rush”可知，此处应是指让自己平静下来。故选A。calm使……平静。
4.A.dealt B.forgotten
C.found D.received
答案 D
解析 平静下来，让你的大脑能评估它接收到的东西。receive接收，收到，符合题意。故选D。
5.A.personally B.mentally
C.slowly D.directly
答案 B
解析 与下文的“keep a journal”相对应，此处应指在心理上反思，故选B。
6.A.pace B.grade
C.skill D.style
答案 D
解析 这两种方法都会奏效，这取决于你自己的风格。故选D。
7.A.quick B.necessary
C.easy D.hard
答案 C
解析 make it easy for sb.to do sth.使某人容易做某事。根据前文的“教科书被分成单元”可知选C。
8.A.finished B.divided
C.interrupted D.covered
答案 A
解析 与下文的“test or quiz”相对应，应是这部分完成了。故选A。
9.A.breaks B.tests
C.units D.periods
答案 A
解析 根据空后的“as opportunities to stop and reflect”可知，此处指利用这种自然的停顿去反思。故选A。break停顿。
10.A.safe B.familiar
C.quiet D.comfortable
答案 C
解析 根据下文的“without noise”可知，此处指选一个安静的(quiet)地方，故选C。
11.A.correctly B.finally
C.early D.independently
答案 C
解析 与空后的“the other students are still working”形成对比，故early“及早地”，符合题意。故选C。
12.A.actively B.newly
C.rapidly D.carefully
答案 B
解析 记下你本单元新学到的东西。newly最新，最近，符合语境。下一段中的“new information”亦是提示。
13.A.choices B.decisions
C.connections D.improvements
答案 C
解析 这里是指让新旧知识相连，也可参考下一段中的“allows your brain to make connections”。故选C。
14.A.in case B.so that C.even if D.as though
答案 B
解析 空后是前一分句的目的，故选B。in case万一； so that以至于；even if即使；as though好像。
15.A.seek B.share C.show D.need
答案 D
解析 以便当你再次需要新信息时，它能够快速出现。故选D。
16.A.In general B.Of course
C.For example D.As usual
答案 C
解析 根据上文内容和下文中的“maybe...”“Maybe...”可知，此处是在举例子，故选C。for example例如。
17.A.know B.doubt
C.believe D.remember
答案 A
解析 但是你不知道(know)它是如何与身体的其他系统一起工作的。故选A。下一句中的“not sure”亦是提示。
18.A.opinions B.methods
C.worries D.questions
答案 D
解析 根据下文中的answers可知，此处是指写下你的问题。故选D。question问题。
19.A.come across B.get through
C.think of D.take away
答案 A
解析 此处是指当下一次遇到相同的题目时。故选A。come across遇到。
20.A.talented B.successful
C.serious D.young
答案 B
解析 自我反思是一个成功学生的基本技能。故选B。successful成功的。
Ⅰ.障碍词汇突破
(一)阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思
1.We encourage all the students to study at their own pace.节奏
2.He has formed the habit of keeping a journal every day.日记
3.Tom likes watching TV，especially likes watching quiz shows.智力竞赛
4.He made a short pause and then went on reading.停顿
(二)同义词语替换
5.We need to evaluate how well the policy is working.assess
6.The words are essential for everybody to learn English.necessary/vital
7.May I take this opportunity to thank you for all your hard work？chance
(三)一词多义
8.reflection n.反映；倒影；映像；深思；仔细考虑
(1)To some extent，students’ grades are a reflection of teachers.反映
(2)We looked at our reflections in the lake.倒影
(3)A week off would give him time for reflection.仔细考虑
Ⅱ.长难句理解
9.Sometimes just pausing to think deeply allows your brain to make connections so that new information can quickly appear when you need it again.
[句式分析] 本句是一个复合句，主语部分为动名词短语pausing to think deeply；so that引导目的状语从句。在从句中when引导时间状语从句。
[精美译文] 有时候仅仅是短暂地停下来深思一下就能使你的大脑建立联系，以便当你再次需要新信息时，新信息就会很快速出现。
强化练(十五)
Ⅰ.单项填空
1.In many ways，the magic of AI is it’s not something you can see or touch.
(2019·徐州高三一检)
A.whether B.what
C.that D.why
答案 C
解析 句意为：在很多方面，人工智能的神奇之处在于它不是你能看见或触摸到的。“ it’s not something you can see or touch”是表语从句，该从句意思和结构完整，解释人工智能的神奇之处在何处，故应用that引导该从句。故选C。
2.—How about going sightseeing this Saturday afternoon?
—Sorry，I my research report the whole weekend.
A.will have written B.will be writing
C.have written D.have been writing
答案 B
解析 句意为：——这周六下午去观光怎么样？——不好意思，整个周末我都会在写研究报告。表示将来的某一时间正在做的事情用将来进行时，故B项正确。
3.We offered to pay our half of the cost that was needed to restore the shared doorway but Charles would have of it.
A.nothing B.anything
C.none D.any
答案 C
解析 句意为：我们提出付一半的费用来修复共用的门道，但查尔斯不同意。have none of是固定搭配，表示“不同意，不允许”，故C项正确。
4.“We’ve never sold anyone’s data，” Zuckerberg，Facebook’s CEO，said ______ British law maker Damian Collins，who released some e-mails between Facebook and other tech companies.
A.in response to B.in contrast to
C.in proportion to D.in addition to
答案 A
解析 句意为：“我们从未出售过任何人的数据”，脸书CEO扎克伯格在回复英国立法者达米安·柯林斯时表示。柯林斯公布了脸谱网和其他科技公司之间的一些电子邮件。in response to回复，回应；in contrast to与……相反；in proportion to与……成比例；in addition to除……之外(还)。故选A。
5.Young couples will be happy to see their babies with good health and intelligence when they are born.
A.to bless B.blessing
C.blessed D.being blessed
答案 C
解析 句意为：年轻夫妇会很高兴看到他们的孩子出生时享有良好的健康状况和智力。分析句子结构可知此处是非谓语，babies与bless之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作宾补，故C项正确。
6.—Is it enough to finish the form for a passport，Madam?
—Your passport application form should be by two recent photos.
A.updated B.accompanied
C.established D.identified
答案 B
解析 句意为：——夫人，填好护照申请表就行了吗？——您的护照申请表应附两张近期照。update更新；accompany伴随，附属；establish建立；identify识别。根据“by two recent photos”判断此处表示“伴随，附上”，故B项正确。
7.Some business owners are keen on public welfare.This is local services have been funded.
A.whether B.what C.where D.how
答案 D
解析 句意为：一些企业主热衷于公益事业，这就是地方服务的资金来源。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处为表语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，故D项正确。
8.Don’t give up half way，and you will find the scenery is more beautiful when you reach the destination than when you .
A.start off B.have started off
C.started off D.will start off
答案 C
解析 句意为：不要半途而废，当你到达目的地的时候，你会发现风景比你出发的时候更美。根据句意可知，start off发生在reach the destination之前，应该用一般过去时，故C项正确。
9.We completed one third of the project，and the loan in place，we had to delay the rest till the next month.
A.not arranged B.was not arranged
C.not arranging D.had not been arranged
答案 A
解析 句意为：我们完成了工程的三分之一，由于贷款还没有到位，我们不得不把剩下的延期到下个月。分析句子结构可知，此处使用非谓语动词，loan与arrange之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，故用其过去分词形式作后置定语，故A项正确。
10. for years of hard training，she would not be standing on the stage，receiving huge cheers and applause.
A.It were not B.It had not been
C.Were it not D.Had it not been
答案 D
解析 句意为：要不是多年的刻苦训练，她不会站在舞台上，获得巨大的欢呼和掌声。根据would判断，此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，虚拟条件句省略if可以采用倒装形式，If it had not been for＝Had it not been for表示“要不是”，故D项正确。
11.—I passed the driving test in the end!
— Your efforts have paid off.
A.How come? B.You deserve it!
C.Guess what? D.Good luck!
答案 B
解析 句意为：——我终于通过了驾驶考试！——这是你应得的！你的努力得到了回报。根据下句“Your efforts have paid off.(你的努力得到了回报。)”可知，此处应是“You deserve it！(这是你应得的！)”How come？怎么会这样？Guess what？你猜怎么着？Good luck！祝你好运！都不符合语境。
12. many Chinese holidays are directed towards services remembering ancestors，the Ching Ming Festival is beyond doubt the largest.
A.Unless B.Since
C.Once D.While
答案 D
解析 句意为：虽然许多中国节日都是为了纪念祖先，毫无疑问，清明节是最隆重的。unless除非；since既然；once一旦；while虽然。根据句意可知，此处表示“虽然”，故D项正确。
13.More and more people prefer to live in the countryside， appeal for them lies in the quiet and slow-paced life.
A.who B.which
C.whose D.what
答案 C
解析 句意为：越来越多的人喜欢住在农村，农村对人们的吸引力在于安静和慢节奏的生活。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，缺少定语，故C项正确。
14.I will have to find some other work，for I can’t this loud noise any more.
A.come up with B.keep up with
C.make up with D.put up with
答案 D
解析 come up with提出；keep up with赶上，跟上；make up with与……重修旧好，与……和解；put up with容忍，忍受。结合语境以及句意可知此处表达“容忍”的意思。
15.Due to the reform and opening-up，our living conditions，undoubtedly，have improved over the past decades.(2019·如皋高三一模)
A.considerately B.approximately
C.appropriately D.considerably
答案 D
解析 句意为：由于改革开放，我们的生活条件，毫无疑问，在过去的几十年里有了很大的改善。considerately体谅地；approximately大约；appropriately适当地；considerably相当大地，故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空
In May 2019，heavy rains created flash floods in and around Austin，Texas.The floods left about 1,000 people displaced.One family of four was 16 after losing everything they owned.Thanks to Austin Disaster Relief Network(ADRN)，the family was able to stay in a hotel room while waiting for a(n) 17 home.Still，they didn’t have the 18 supplies they needed.The parents and children 19 a single toothbrush 20 the hotel didn’t offer toothbrushes to guests.
ADRN invited the family to “shop” 21 at the organization’s charity shop.They 22 racks(支架) of clothes and shoes，but one donation 23 them more than the others.Their hygiene kit(卫生品套装) contained four toothbrushes.The kids were so grateful to have a toothbrush to themselves that they started brushing their teeth three times a day.
Danet Rios，another victim of the floods， 24 basically everything in the floods.Then，repairs were carried out. 25 ，on Halloween，a flood just six inches lower than the last 26 her home again.
ADRN helped Rios and her family find a hotel，and then they 27 into an RV(野营车).Space was 28 —Rios’two daughters shared the bedroom，her son slept on the couch，and she and her husband slept on a mattress in the kitchen.But after six months，ADRN 29 the family a double-wide mobile home.
Throughout the 30 ，the family actually strengthened its 31 .Before the flooding，the kids and parents didn’t 32 much.Saying “Good night” was the only 33 of their conversations.But following the disaster，the family began talking more and spending more time together.“People say，‘You got 34 ；you lost everything.’”says Rios in a video.“But I gained my 35 .”
16.A.adaptable B.speechless
C.tolerant D.homeless
答案 D
解析 根据上文的“The floods left about 1,000 people displaced”以及下文的“after losing everything they owned”可知，洪水暴发使一个四口之家无家可归(homeless)。
17.A.memorial B.authentic
C.harmonious D.permanent
答案 D
解析 根据上文的“stay in a hotel room”可知，在这一家人等待长期的(permanent)住所期间，ADRN安排他们住进了一家旅馆。
18.A.final B.basic
C.urban D.legal
答案 B
解析 根据下文的“The parents and children a single toothbrush”可知，他们没有所需要的基本(basic)生活用品。
19.A.replaced B.discovered
C.shared D.exchanged
答案 C
解析 由后文中的“the hotel didn’t offer toothbrushes to guests”可知，父母和孩子共用一支牙刷。
20.A.because B.though
C.until D.unless
答案 A
解析 当时这个四口之家共用一支牙刷，因为(because)这家旅馆不为客人提供牙刷。
21.A.for sale B.in charge C.for free D.in return
答案 C
解析 根据“shop”，“charity shop”和“one donation”可知，ADRN邀请这一家人到这个机构的慈善商店免费(for free)“购物”。
22.A.came across B.hunted through
C.figured out D.showed off
答案 B
解析 根据上文的“shop”可知，他们翻找着(hunted through)衣服和鞋子。
23.A.thrilled B.secured
C.embarrassed D.trapped
答案 A
解析 根据下文“The kids were so grateful to have a toothbrush to themselves”可知，卫生品套装令孩子们兴奋不已(thrilled)。
24.A.donated B.counted
C.appreciated D.lost
答案 D
解析 第一段中的“losing everything they owned”是提示信息。
25.A.However B.Therefore
C.Besides D.Otherwise
答案 A
解析 根据语境，重建工作开始了，然而，又来了一场洪水，故上下文之间是转折关系。
26.A.escaped B.destroyed
C.controlled D.buried
答案 B
解析 根据下文的“ADRN helped Rios and her family find a...into an RV”可知，洪水在万圣节那天再次摧毁了(destroyed) Rios的家。
27.A.looked B.broke
C.moved D.ran
答案 C
解析 根据上文的“ADRN helped Rios and her family find a hotel，and then...”可知，Rios和她的家人在ADRN的帮助下先住进了旅馆，后来他们搬到了(moved)野营车上。
28.A.private B.tight
C.special D.empty
答案 B
解析 根据下文“Rios’two daughters shared the bedroom...in the kitchen.”可知，野营车空间狭小(tight)。
29.A.awarded B.returned
C.owed D.bought
答案 D
解析 六个月后，ADRN应该是给Rios一家买了(bought)一个空间翻倍的可移动房屋。
30.A.struggle B.enquiry
C.separation D.rescue
答案 A
解析 在与洪水的两次抗争(struggle)中，Rios一家人增强了彼此之间的关系(bond)。
31.A.image B.symbol
C.bond D.justice
答案 C
解析 参考上题解析。
32.A.argue B.communicate
C.correspond D.whisper
答案 B
解析 根据下文的“But following the disaster，the family began talking more”可知，遭遇洪水前，Rios一家人交流(communicate)甚少，互道“晚安”是他们谈话的唯一内容(content)。
33.A.judgment B.technique
C.motivation D.content
答案 D
解析 参考上题解析。
34.A.flooded B.suspected
C.refreshed D.promoted
答案 A
解析 根据上文的“Danet Rios...basically everything in the floods”可知，别人会说，“你遭遇了洪水，你失去了一切”。
35.A.reputation B.freedom
C.experience D.family
答案 D
解析 根据上文的“But following the disaster...spending more time together.”可知，Rios认为，虽然她在洪水中失去了一切，但她却收获了家庭(family)。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Rio Blanco Ranch is a private guest ranch(度假牧场) and fishing lodge(小屋) founded in 1920 located in the Flat Top Mountains and completely surrounded by the White River National Forest.
The ranch is not open to the public；it is privately owned by about 20 shareholders，who each come during the summer，bringing their own family and friends.We have a maximum capacity of about 35 guests who come mainly for fishing and riding the ranch’s 30 horses.
Ideal candidate
We are looking for outgoing team members that love the outdoors and everything it has to offer.
Room and board
You will live in one of the three dorms on the ranch and have your own room.Bathrooms are shared.There are free laundry facilities and a downstairs living area with satellite TV and basic kitchens.The dorms also share an outdoor fire pit(坑).There is a separate phone line for each dorm.
All of your meals are provided by the ranch and will be prepared by the ranch chefs.There are set hours for employee meals.On Saturday nights，guests and staff all eat together at the picnic.
Employee benefits
We are very competitive in our salaries.We expect the best from our staff and compensate appropriately for that.Year-end bonuses，tips，and seasonal raises are given to those who make it clear they are here for the team.
Getting here
We can arrange transportation from airports，train stations，and bus stations—please let us know ahead of time if you will need us to pick you up.If you are making flight arrangements，try to fly to Grand Junction，Eagle-Vail or Hayden，and if you will be arriving by bus or train，you should come to Glenwood Springs.
Our jobs
Dishwasher，housekeeper，server.
36.What can an employee use?
A.A private bathroom.
B.An unshared bedroom.
C.Well-equipped kitchens.
D.Cheap laundry facilities.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。由Room and board部分的“You will live in one of the three dorms on the ranch and have your own room.”可知，雇员可以独享一间卧室。
37.To get to Rio Blanco Ranch by train，you should arrive at .
A.Hayden B.Eagle-Vail
C.Grand Junction D.Glenwood Springs
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。由Getting here部分的末句“...if you will be arriving by bus or train，you should come to Glenwood Springs.”可知。
B
Industrial emissions(排放物) of carbon dioxide and other planet-warming greenhouse gases have raised the global average temperature by about 0.8℃ since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution.But studies have disagreed about what impact the rise is having on the world’s species，says Mark Urban，an ecologist at the University of Connecticut，Storrs.Some have estimated that as many as 54% of species could eventually become extinct as a result of climate change，but others have suggested no significant impact.
Such disparate results might originate from the limited nature of some individual studies，possibly because they focused only on a few species or a relatively small geographical region，says Urban.And different teams have often used different methods to come up with their predictions.To address these limits，Urban used statistical(统计的) methods to help blend the results of previous studies into an apples-to-apples comparison that estimates the risk of extinction of species worldwide.
He chose to analyze only the results of studies that had assessed extinction risks of more than one species.Then he researched into the details，such as the regions in which the studies had taken place，the types of species considered，whether those species were limited to one small region or were widely dispersed(分散)，and whether the species were free to move as climate changed or were blocked by barriers such as mountain ranges or urban development.
Effects of climate change aren’t always immediate，Urban says，and the risks of extinction he’s estimated are the long-term results of species not being able to find a suitable habitat.Maybe the habitat will merely shrink to a size that can’t support the species，or maybe it will disappear entirely.In some cases，he notes，a species might not be able to outpace the shift in its range，dying out before it can reach a new homeland.For instance，some animals disperse so slowly over the generations that rapid warming might kill them off before they can spread to a suitable new habitat.
At present，about 2.8% of the species on Earth are at risk of extinction due to climate change that has already occurred，Urban says.If the global average temperature rises and then holds at 2℃ above the pre-industrial average，then 5.2% might eventually die out.If global temperatures eventually top out at 4.3℃ above pre-industrial levels，climate change may finally kill one species out of every six，Urban reports online in Science.
Results of the new study may help researchers and policymakers better assess areas to be set aside for parks and reserves.An area set aside to preserve the species in an ecosystem today may become ecologically unsuitable decades from now，so it’s necessary to think ahead.For example，according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration，a closely connected group of marine sanctuaries(庇护所) or other protected habitats can create migration corridors for marine life responding to climate change.
语篇解读 一项研究表明，如果人类对全球气候变暖置之不理的话，那么全球将会有六分之一的物种濒临灭绝。
38.The underlined word “disparate” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “ ”.
A.different B.logical
C.frequent D.accurate
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“But studies have disagreed about...”以及“Some have estimated that...，but others have suggested...”可知，科学家们关于气候变暖对世界物种产生的影响持不同的观点。
39.Paragraph 3 is mainly about .
A.the applications of Mark Urban’s studies
B.the contents of Mark Urban’s studies
C.the limitations of Mark Urban’s studies
D.the methods of Mark Urban’s studies
答案 B
解析 段落大意题。第三段主要列举了Mark Urban研究的具体内容。
40.According to Mark Urban in Paragraph 4，some species died out mainly because of .
A.the rising temperatures
B.human activities
C.their low birth rates
D.the loss of their habitats
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段可知，Mark Urban认为一些物种灭绝是因为它们的栖息地的丧失。
41.According to the last paragraph，what might be a way to protect animals?
A.Lowering the temperature of preserves.
B.Transporting endangered animals to safe places.
C.Setting some larger areas aside for parks and reserves.
D.Creating a group of reserves that can assist animals’ migration.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，封闭的保护区已经阻碍了动物因气候变暖而导致的迁徙。因此，建立新的保护区为动物迁徙提供条件是保护物种的一种可能的方法。故答案为D项。
课件51张PPT。专题二 完形填空感悟体会名师点津随堂限时练第三节 说明文PART
1感悟体会I’ve suffered from serious social anxiety and anger problems as long as I can remember.
A couple of years ago I 1 what I thought was a good plan of keeping positive：every time I became 2 about something I couldn’t change，I’d do a casual act of 3 .Things like losing money or not getting a promotion saw me 4 goods to our local food bank(食品赈济处).1.A.came up with B.broke away from C.put up with D.ended up with解析 几年前，我想出了一个我自认为能保持积极乐观的好办法。根据句意可知选A。come up with提出； break away from从……脱离；put up with忍受； end up with以……结束。√I’ve suffered from serious social anxiety and anger problems as long as I can remember.
A couple of years ago I 1 what I thought was a good plan of keeping positive：every time I became 2 about something I couldn’t change，I’d do a casual act of 3 .Things like losing money or not getting a promotion saw me 4 goods to our local food bank(食品赈济处).2.A.happy B.concerned C.fearful D.angry解析 由上文的“serious social anxiety and anger problems”可知，空处指每次我对于不能改变的事情生气时，我会做慈善。故选D。happy快乐的；concerned担心的；fearful害怕的； angry生气的。√I’ve suffered from serious social anxiety and anger problems as long as I can remember.
A couple of years ago I 1 what I thought was a good plan of keeping positive：every time I became 2 about something I couldn’t change，I’d do a casual act of 3 .Things like losing money or not getting a promotion saw me 4 goods to our local food bank(食品赈济处).3.A.voluntary work B.charity C.shopping D.driving解析 由下句中的“goods to our local food bank”可知我做的是慈善。故选B。voluntary work志愿工作；charity慈善；shopping购物；driving驾驶。√I’ve suffered from serious social anxiety and anger problems as long as I can remember.
A couple of years ago I 1 what I thought was a good plan of keeping positive：every time I became 2 about something I couldn’t change，I’d do a casual act of 3 .Things like losing money or not getting a promotion saw me 4 goods to our local food bank(食品赈济处).4.A.lending B.throwing C.offering D.wasting解析 此处指作者向食品赈济处提供物品，故选C。offer sth. to sb. 提供某物给某人，符合语境。lend借；throw扔；waste浪费。√At the 5 of this June I myself and my partner went on our first holiday in years.We climbed Mt.Teide. 6 I stood at the top with a state of high altitude， 7 in my brain seemed to burst.I felt 8 and came down that mountain as quickly as I could.5.A.start B.middle
C.end D.top解析 联系下段的“in the early June”可知，这里的时间是六月初。故选A。start开始；middle中间；end结束；top顶端。√At the 5 of this June I myself and my partner went on our first holiday in years.We climbed Mt.Teide. 6 I stood at the top with a state of high altitude， 7 in my brain seemed to burst.I felt 8 and came down that mountain as quickly as I could.6.A.As B.Unless
C.If D.Though解析 当我站在海拔高度很高的山顶时，我脑子里好像有东西要爆炸。根据句意可知选A。as当，因为，随着，作为；unless除非；if如果；though尽管。√At the 5 of this June I myself and my partner went on our first holiday in years.We climbed Mt.Teide. 6 I stood at the top with a state of high altitude， 7 in my brain seemed to burst.I felt 8 and came down that mountain as quickly as I could.7.A.nothing B.everything
C.something D.anything解析 nothing没有东西； everything每样东西； something某个东西； anything任何东西。句意参见上题解析。故选C。√At the 5 of this June I myself and my partner went on our first holiday in years.We climbed Mt.Teide. 6 I stood at the top with a state of high altitude， 7 in my brain seemed to burst.I felt 8 and came down that mountain as quickly as I could.8.A.pleased B.helped
C.excited D.worried解析 根据语境和下文的“This anxious feeling”可知，空处指我感到很担心(worried)，所以尽快地下了山，故选D。√This anxious feeling about the 9 in the early June lasted，but I went back to work and didn’t 10 .I knew scares didn’t 11 the problem.I actually removed my headphones to talk to someone I knew in the street.I was 12 .I went to the supermarket and 13 ，which kept me cool.I lost some money，but I thought it was only money.9.A.hiking B.climb
C.flight D.race解析 根据上下文可知，这里说的是六月初我对爬山的焦虑情感一直持续，故选B。√This anxious feeling about the 9 in the early June lasted，but I went back to work and didn’t 10 .I knew scares didn’t 11 the problem.I actually removed my headphones to talk to someone I knew in the street.I was 12 .I went to the supermarket and 13 ，which kept me cool.I lost some money，but I thought it was only money.10.A.wait B.leave
C.panic D.hesitate解析 联系下句“害怕不能解决问题”可知，作者回去工作了，而且没有恐慌。故选C。wait等待；leave离开； panic恐慌；hesitate犹豫。√This anxious feeling about the 9 in the early June lasted，but I went back to work and didn’t 10 .I knew scares didn’t 11 the problem.I actually removed my headphones to talk to someone I knew in the street.I was 12 .I went to the supermarket and 13 ，which kept me cool.I lost some money，but I thought it was only money.11.A.find B.consult
C.reject D.solve解析 因为我知道害怕不能解决问题。根据句意可知选D。find发现；consult咨询；reject拒绝；solve解决。√This anxious feeling about the 9 in the early June lasted，but I went back to work and didn’t 10 .I knew scares didn’t 11 the problem.I actually removed my headphones to talk to someone I knew in the street.I was 12 .I went to the supermarket and 13 ，which kept me cool.I lost some money，but I thought it was only money.12.A.frightened B.calm
C.disappointed D.sad解析 由下文的“kept me cool”可知，我很镇静。故选B。frightened感到害怕的； calm镇静的，冷静的； disappointed失望的；sad伤心的。√This anxious feeling about the 9 in the early June lasted，but I went back to work and didn’t 10 .I knew scares didn’t 11 the problem.I actually removed my headphones to talk to someone I knew in the street.I was 12 .I went to the supermarket and 13 ，which kept me cool.I lost some money，but I thought it was only money.13.A.shouted B.cried
C.worked D.shopped解析 由空前的“went to the supermarket”和空后的“lost some money”可知，我去超市购物了。shout大叫；cry哭，喊； work工作，起作用；shop购物。√When I got home，I turned on the computer.Beyond my 14 ，I found this site and the smile 15 through surfing on the web.In the 16 were these smile cards which I’d never heard of.So here I am!14.A.reach B.ability
C.expectation D.touch解析 联系下文“these smile cards which I’d never heard of”可知，这些笑容卡是我之前从未听说的，由此可推知我发现这个网站和笑容卡是意料之外的。beyond expectation出乎预料，意料之外。故选C。√｀When I got home，I turned on the computer.Beyond my 14 ，I found this site and the smile 15 through surfing on the web.In the 16 were these smile cards which I’d never heard of.So here I am!15.A.cards B.pictures
C.words D.videos解析 联系下文“these smile cards which I’d never heard of”可知，我发现了这个网站和笑容卡。故选A。√16.A.drawer B.web
C.room D.book解析 联系上句“surfing on the web”可知这些笑容卡在网上。故选B。√I changed my 17 acts plan after the early June trip，for every day I was anxiety-free.I’d do something to say thank you to life for a good day.By now I’ve 18 food for humans and pets in need of help，and helped strangers 19 their shopping upstairs.The universe was possibly sending me a 20 message with the smile cards.17.A.serious B.casual
C.general D.wasteful解析 联系上文的“I’d do a casual act of”可知，六月初的旅行之后我改变了这种随意的(casual)的行为计划。故选B。√I changed my 17 acts plan after the early June trip，for every day I was anxiety-free.I’d do something to say thank you to life for a good day.By now I’ve 18 food for humans and pets in need of help，and helped strangers 19 their shopping upstairs.The universe was possibly sending me a 20 message with the smile cards.18.A.donated B.exchanged
C.sold D.stolen解析 由下文的“helped strangers”可知，此处指的是捐赠食物。故选A。donate捐赠； exchange交换； sell卖；steal偷。√I changed my 17 acts plan after the early June trip，for every day I was anxiety-free.I’d do something to say thank you to life for a good day.By now I’ve 18 food for humans and pets in need of help，and helped strangers 19 their shopping upstairs.The universe was possibly sending me a 20 message with the smile cards.19.A.sell B.buy
C.find D.lift解析 根据语境可知，此处指我帮助陌生人提东西上楼梯。故选D。sell卖；buy买；find发现；lift举起，抬高。√I changed my 17 acts plan after the early June trip，for every day I was anxiety-free.I’d do something to say thank you to life for a good day.By now I’ve 18 food for humans and pets in need of help，and helped strangers 19 their shopping upstairs.The universe was possibly sending me a 20 message with the smile cards.20.A.bad B.attractive C.positive D.passive解析 联系第二段中的“what I thought was a good plan of keeping positive”可知，作者是想找到保持积极乐观的计划。故可推知，此处指宇宙可能用笑容卡给我发了一条积极的信息。故选C。bad坏的；attractive有吸引力的；positive积极的；passive被动的，消极的。√语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章作者介绍了自己克服焦虑和气愤的方法及保持积极乐观的经历。PART
2名师点津一、题型解读
说明文是对事物的特征、本质、性能、状态、用途、原理或事物的发生、发展、结果等进行介绍、解释、说明的一种文体。 与记叙文相比，说明文类完形填空有如下命题特点：
1.文章多用一般现在时态。 说明文通常是对客观事物或实例的介绍与说明，与时间的变化关系不大，所以文章常用一般现在时态。
2.语言简练、平实、准确，常采用客观描述。 说明文的目的是要帮助读者认清事物，明白事理，所以语言简练、平实，易于理解，内容客观真实。
3.文章主题明确，层次分明。 高考说明文类完形填空往往在文章开头就点明说明对象，从而为同学们把握文章主题提供了有利条件。 而且，作者借助合理的说明顺序展开文章，使文章结构清晰，层次分明。二、解题技巧
1.明确说明对象，理清段落关系。 通读全文，明确作者是针对哪一个说明对象从不同的角度和侧面对其加以说明的。 在阅读过程中要概括、总结每一段说明的侧重点，理清各段之间的关系，加深对说明对象的理解。
2.弄清说明顺序，把握作者态度。 在说明的过程中作者会选择合理的说明顺序对说明对象进行解说。 把握了说明顺序就能准确把握文章的脉络，加深对整篇文章的理解。 常见的说明顺序有时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序(如因果关系、果因关系、先主后次等)和认识顺序(如由此及彼、由浅入深、由局部到整体、由现象到本质等)。 另外，在理清作者思路的基础上，还要注意反映作者态度的关键词或关键句，把握作者的写作情感和意思。PART
3随堂限时练Do you ever feel like you are studying a mad rush of one subject after another? When things happen at such a 1 1pace，it is easy to lose sight of what you are learning.It is important to 2 every now and then to think about what you’ve been learning.1.A.steady B.fast
C.relaxing D.unique√解析 根据前文的“a mad rush of one subject after another”可知，此处是指比较快的(fast)节奏。故选B。Do you ever feel like you are studying a mad rush of one subject after another? When things happen at such a 1 1pace，it is easy to lose sight of what you are learning.It is important to 2 every now and then to think about what you’ve been learning.2.A.change B.check
C.stop D.exercise√解析 时不时地停下来(stop)回想一下你一直在学的东西是非常重要的。故选C。下文的“stopping the mad rush”亦是提示。8Self-reflection means stopping the mad rush and 3 yourself so your brain can 5evaluate what it has already 4 .Some people prefer to do their self-reflections 5 ，while others keep a 2journal.Either method can work，depending on what your own personal 6 is.3.A.calming B.enjoying
C.behaving D.helping√解析 根据上文提到快节奏的学习以及空前的“stopping the mad rush”可知，此处应是指让自己平静下来。故选A。calm使……平静。8Self-reflection means stopping the mad rush and 3 yourself so your brain can 5evaluate what it has already 4 .Some people prefer to do their self-reflections 5 ，while others keep a 2journal.Either method can work，depending on what your own personal 6 is.4.A.dealt B.forgotten
C.found D.received√解析 平静下来，让你的大脑能评估它接收到的东西。receive接收，收到，符合题意。故选D。｀8Self-reflection means stopping the mad rush and 3 yourself so your brain can 5evaluate what it has already 4 .Some people prefer to do their self-reflections 5 ，while others keep a 2journal.Either method can work，depending on what your own personal 6 is.5.A.personally B.mentally
C.slowly D.directly√解析 与下文的“keep a journal”相对应，此处应指在心理上反思，故选B。6.A.pace B.grade
C.skill D.style√解析 这两种方法都会奏效，这取决于你自己的风格。故选D。School textbooks are often divided into units.This can make it 7 for someone to begin the process of self-reflection.Watch for the times when you complete a unit of study.Sometimes you are reminded that the unit is 8 because there is some kind of test or 3quiz.Use these natural 9 as 7opportunities to stop and reflect.7.A.quick B.necessary
C.easy D.hard√解析 make it easy for sb. to do sth. 使某人容易做某事。根据前文的“教科书被分成单元”可知选C。School textbooks are often divided into units.This can make it 7 for someone to begin the process of self-reflection.Watch for the times when you complete a unit of study.Sometimes you are reminded that the unit is 8 because there is some kind of test or 3quiz.Use these natural 9 as 7opportunities to stop and reflect.8.A.finished B.divided
C.interrupted D.covered√解析 与下文的“test or quiz”相对应，应是这部分完成了。故选A。School textbooks are often divided into units.This can make it 7 for someone to begin the process of self-reflection.Watch for the times when you complete a unit of study.Sometimes you are reminded that the unit is 8 because there is some kind of test or 3quiz.Use these natural 9 as 7opportunities to stop and reflect.9.A.breaks B.tests
C.units D.periods√解析 根据空后的“as opportunities to stop and reflect”可知，此处指利用这种自然的停顿去反思。故选A。break停顿。You should find a 10 place—anywhere without noise is OK.This can even be sitting at your desk at school when you finish something 11 and the other students are still working.If you are going to take notes，take out your journal.Write down some notes on things that you 12 learned in this unit.Let your mind think about the notes you have written and make some 13 .10.A.safe B.familiar
C.quiet D.comfortable√解析 根据下文的“without noise”可知，此处指选一个安静的(quiet)地方，故选C。You should find a 10 place—anywhere without noise is OK.This can even be sitting at your desk at school when you finish something 11 and the other students are still working.If you are going to take notes，take out your journal.Write down some notes on things that you 12 learned in this unit.Let your mind think about the notes you have written and make some 13 .11.A.correctly B.finally
C.early D.independently√解析 与空后的“the other students are still working”形成对比，故early“及早地”，符合题意。故选C。You should find a 10 place—anywhere without noise is OK.This can even be sitting at your desk at school when you finish something 11 and the other students are still working.If you are going to take notes，take out your journal.Write down some notes on things that you 12 learned in this unit.Let your mind think about the notes you have written and make some 13 .12.A.actively B.newly
C.rapidly D.carefully√解析 记下你本单元新学到的东西。newly最新，最近，符合语境。下一段中的“new information”亦是提示。You should find a 10 place—anywhere without noise is OK.This can even be sitting at your desk at school when you finish something 11 and the other students are still working.If you are going to take notes，take out your journal.Write down some notes on things that you 12 learned in this unit.Let your mind think about the notes you have written and make some 13 .13.A.choices B.decisions
C.connections D.improvements√解析 这里是指让新旧知识相连，也可参考下一段中的“allows your brain to make connections”。故选C。9Sometimes just 4pausing to think deeply allows your brain to make connections 14 new information can quickly appear when you 15 it again.Next，think about things that you still wonder about. 16 ，maybe you learned about a certain body system，but you don’t 17 how it works with the other body systems.Maybe you learned a new way to solve a math problem，but you’re not sure when to use it.Writing down your 18 will help you remember to continue seeking answers the next time you 19 the same topic.14.A.in case B.so that C.even if D.as though√解析 空后是前一分句的目的，故选B。in case万一； so that以至于；even if即使；as though好像。9Sometimes just 4pausing to think deeply allows your brain to make connections 14 new information can quickly appear when you 15 it again.Next，think about things that you still wonder about. 16 ，maybe you learned about a certain body system，but you don’t 17 how it works with the other body systems.Maybe you learned a new way to solve a math problem，but you’re not sure when to use it.Writing down your 18 will help you remember to continue seeking answers the next time you 19 the same topic.15.A.seek B.share C.show D.need√解析 以便当你再次需要新信息时，它能够快速出现。故选D。9Sometimes just 4pausing to think deeply allows your brain to make connections 14 new information can quickly appear when you 15 it again.Next，think about things that you still wonder about. 16 ，maybe you learned about a certain body system，but you don’t 17 how it works with the other body systems.Maybe you learned a new way to solve a math problem，but you’re not sure when to use it.Writing down your 18 will help you remember to continue seeking answers the next time you 19 the same topic.16.A.In general B.Of course C.For example D.As usual√解析 根据上文内容和下文中的“maybe...”“Maybe...”可知，此处是在举例子，故选C。for example例如。9Sometimes just 4pausing to think deeply allows your brain to make connections 14 new information can quickly appear when you 15 it again.Next，think about things that you still wonder about. 16 ，maybe you learned about a certain body system，but you don’t 17 how it works with the other body systems.Maybe you learned a new way to solve a math problem，but you’re not sure when to use it.Writing down your 18 will help you remember to continue seeking answers the next time you 19 the same topic.17.A.know B.doubt C.believe D.remember√解析 但是你不知道(know)它是如何与身体的其他系统一起工作的。故选A。下一句中的“not sure”亦是提示。9Sometimes just 4pausing to think deeply allows your brain to make connections 14 new information can quickly appear when you 15 it again.Next，think about things that you still wonder about. 16 ，maybe you learned about a certain body system，but you don’t 17 how it works with the other body systems.Maybe you learned a new way to solve a math problem，but you’re not sure when to use it.Writing down your 18 will help you remember to continue seeking answers the next time you 19 the same topic.18.A.opinions B.methods C.worries D.questions√解析 根据下文中的answers可知，此处是指写下你的问题。故选D。question问题。9Sometimes just 4pausing to think deeply allows your brain to make connections 14 new information can quickly appear when you 15 it again.Next，think about things that you still wonder about. 16 ，maybe you learned about a certain body system，but you don’t 17 how it works with the other body systems.Maybe you learned a new way to solve a math problem，but you’re not sure when to use it.Writing down your 18 will help you remember to continue seeking answers the next time you 19 the same topic.19.A.come across B.get through C.think of D.take away√解析 此处是指当下一次遇到相同的题目时。故选A。come across遇到。Self-reflection is an 6essential skill for a 20 student.If you have never taken the time to reflect，try it now.20.A.talented B.successful
C.serious D.young√解析 自我反思是一个成功学生的基本技能。故选B。successful成功的。语篇解读 本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自我反思的定义以及它是如何帮助学生学习的。做完以上完形后，巧妙运用语境，解决障碍词和长难句素材提炼再拓展Ⅰ.障碍词汇突破
(一)阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思
1.We encourage all the students to study at their own pace. _____
2.He has formed the habit of keeping a journal every day. _____
3.Tom likes watching TV，especially likes watching quiz shows. _________
4.He made a short pause and then went on reading. _____节奏日记智力竞赛停顿(二)同义词语替换
5.We need to evaluate how well the policy is working. ______
6.The words are essential for everybody to learn English. ______________
7.May I take this opportunity to thank you for all your hard work？ _______
(三)一词多义
8.reflection n.反映；倒影；映像；深思；仔细考虑
(1)To some extent，students’ grades are a reflection of teachers. _____
(2)We looked at our reflections in the lake. _____
(3)A week off would give him time for reflection. _________assessnecessary/vitalchance反映倒影仔细考虑Ⅱ.长难句理解
9.Sometimes just pausing to think deeply allows your brain to make connections so that new information can quickly appear when you need it again.
[句式分析] 本句是一个复合句，主语部分为 短语pausing to think deeply；so that引导 从句。在从句中when引导 从句。
[精美译文] ________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________动名词 有时候仅仅是短暂地停下来深思一下就能使你的大脑建立联系，以便当你再次需要新信息时，新信息就会很快速出现。目的状语时间状语本课结束 第二节 夹叙夹议文
(2019·江苏)
Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age.There are species(物种) that are 36 every day.The white-naped crane is a typical example.So scientists are trying their best to 37 the species from going out of existence.
Chris and Tim work at a zoo，helping endangered cranes with their 38 .Emma，a female crane，has been in their 39 since she arrived in 2004.
Born at an international crane foundation，Emma was 40 by human caretakers.This led to an unexpected 41 ，though she had a wonderful time there.Emma had 42 taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans.She 43 to live with male cranes，and even had a 44 for killing some of them，which made it 45 for her to become a mother.
46 ，the two zookeepers didn’t want to see the extinction(灭绝) of this precious species.With their patience and efforts，they successfully developed a 47 of artificial breeding(人工繁殖) and natural reproduction.This 48 Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.
The two keepers are proud of their productive work.But before they can be 49 ，more efforts must be made，because the population of the crane in the wild is on the 50 ，and many other species appear headed toward extinction. 51 ，not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts，feelings，and most importantly，equal rights to survive.
How can we 52 the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals？Chris and Tim offered us the 53 ：human beings took it for granted that their 54 held all the solutions，but maybe their hearts can be a better 55 .
语篇解读 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。在现代，野生动物受到了极大的威胁，每天都有物种在消失。Chris和Tim努力拯救白枕鹤?white-naped crane?这一物种，使其免于灭绝。
36.A.growing B.migrating
C.competing D.disappearing
答案 D
解析 根据该段中的“Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age.”可知，在现代，野生动物受到了极大的威胁，每天都有物种在消失。disappear消失。
37.A.ban B.save
C.split D.remove
答案 B
解析 科学家们正在尽最大努力拯救白枕鹤这一物种，使其免于灭绝。下文讲述了Chris和Tim为拯救白枕鹤所做出的努力。save拯救。
38.A.abortion B.recreation
C.reproduction D.administration
答案 C
解析 下文讲述了Chris和Tim帮助Emma繁殖，由此可知，Chris和Tim在一家动物园工作，帮助濒临灭绝的鹤繁殖。reproduction繁殖。
39.A.care B.eye
C.mind D.story
答案 A
解析 Emma是一只雌性鹤，自从2004年来到这个动物园，就一直在他们的照顾之下。in sb.’s care(＝being looked after by sb.)由某人照顾。
40.A.found B.chosen
C.raised D.seized
答案 C
解析 根据下文中的“become deeply attached to humans”可知，Emma由人类饲养员饲养。raise饲养。
41.A.bonus B.consequence
C.victory D.sacrifice
答案 B
解析 根据下文中的“Emma had...become deeply attached to humans...killing some of them”可知，这导致了一个意想不到的后果。consequence后果。
42.A.never B.always
C.unluckily D.cheerfully
答案 A
解析 Emma从来没有把自己当成一只鹤，它对人类产生了很深的感情。根据语境可知，此处用否定副词never。
43.A.liked B.refused
C.decided D.hesitated
答案 B
解析 根据上文可知，Emma对人类有很深的感情；再根据下文中的“killing some of them...”可推知，它拒绝和雄鹤生活在一起，甚至有杀害雄鹤的名声。refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事。
44.A.gift B.skill
C.concern D.reputation
答案 D
解析 参见上题解析。have a reputation for有……的名声。reputation名声。
45.A.illegal B.inspiring
C.important D.impossible
答案 D
解析 根据上文可知，Emma拒绝和雄鹤一起生活，甚至会杀死它们。由此推知，这使它无法成为一位母亲，此处用否定意义的形容词impossible。
46.A.Therefore B.Moreover
C.However D.Instead
答案 C
解析 然而，Chris和Tim并不想看到这一珍贵物种灭绝。上下文有转折关系。however然而。
47.A.combination B.collection
C.strategy D.system
答案 A
解析 在Chris和Tim的耐心和努力下，他们成功地将人工繁殖和自然繁殖结合起来。combination结合，联合。
48.A.forced B.forbade
C.taught D.enabled
答案 D
解析 这使得Emma生下了五只鹤宝宝。enable...to do sth.使……有能力做某事。
49.A.defeated B.grateful
C.assured D.tolerant
答案 C
解析 Chris和Tim为他们富有成效的工作感到自豪，但他们必须付出更多的努力才有把握。assured确定的。
50.A.list B.rise C.agenda D.decline
答案 D
解析 野生鹤的数量正在下降，许多其他物种似乎正走向灭绝。on the decline在下降。
51.A.In contrast B.After all
C.By the way D.On the contrary
答案 B
解析 毕竟，并不是每个人都能意识到野生动物有思想、感情，最重要的是，它们有平等的生存权利。after all毕竟，符合语境。in contrast相比之下；by the way顺便说一下；on the contrary与此相反。
52.A.leave B.bridge
C.open D.identify
答案 B
解析 我们怎样才能弥合我们与其他动物之间不断扩大的鸿沟呢？bridge弥合(差距)，消除(分歧)。
53.A.course B.excuse
C.answer D.reward
答案 C
解析 Chris和Tim给了我们答案，下文中的“human beings took it for granted that...”就是他们的答案。answer答案。
54.A.brains B.behaviors
C.services D.projects
答案 A
解析 人类想当然地认为他们的大脑(brain)掌握了所有的解决方案，但也许他们的心可以成为更好的向导(guide)。
55.A.guide B.treat
C.example D.companion
答案 A
解析 参见上题解析。
一、题型解读
夹叙夹议类的完形填空一般有以下三种结构特点：
1.事例→观点：先叙述一件事情，然后针对这件事情发表自己的看法或揭示生活的真理。
2.观点→事例：先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来说明。 一般是一个事例，有时也会用几个事例从不同的侧面加以说明。
3.观点→事例→观点：首先提出一种观点或看法，然后用事例说明，最后再进一步阐述或总结自己的观点。
二、解题技巧
1.分析结构，抓住作者的观点。 在做题时大家要借助文章结构，认真体会记叙和议论的关系，抓住作者的观点，明确文章的组织方式。 看文章属于上述哪种结构，从而明白作者的思路。
2.重视首句，把握文章主题。 首句往往是文章的关键句、引题句或主题句。 通过首句可以初步判断文章的写作中心，为全面理解文章打开一扇“窗户”。
3.叙议兼顾，理解议论内涵。 夹叙夹议文中叙与议是一个有机的整体，叙是议的基础，而议是叙的升华。 在读这类文章时，掌握议论部分的内容是关键，因为叙述是为作者的议论而服务的。 所以只有把故事和哲理联系起来，再结合人物心理和行为的描述，全面把握文章才能正确解题。
4.抓住转换，理清逻辑关系。 抓住记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式，理清上下文之间的逻辑关系，在充分把握语境的基础上，辨析词语，进一步把握作者的观点、态度，从而找到正确答案。
At a beautiful beach a little boy on his knees packs the sand into a bucket.He turns the bucket upside down and 1 it.To the 2 of the little 1architect，a castle tower is created.He works all afternoon packing the walls，building sentries(哨兵) with bottle tops and bridges with sticks.And a sandcastle will be built.
In a big city with 3 streets and traffic，a man works in an office.He packs papers into piles，holds the phone between his 4 and shoulder and 5 the keyboard with his fingers.2Contracts get signed and to the joy of the man，a 6 is made.His 3pension will be sentries and capital gains will be 7 .An empire will be built.
The two builders of the two castles have very much 8 .They both 9 smallness into greatness.They both make something beautiful out of 10 .And for both，the tide will rise and the 11 will come.Yet that is where the 12 stop.The little boy sees the end of his castle while the man 13 it.7As the dusk 6approaches and waves near，the child 14 to his feet and begins to clap as the waves wash away his 15 .There is no sorrow，no 16 and no regret.He smiles and goes home.
The man in his office is not very 17 like the child.8As his empire is 4fading，he is terrified，trying to 18 it.“It’s my castle！” he 19 at the incoming tide.
Go ahead and build your dreams，but with a child’s heart.When the sun 20 and the tides take，just 5applaud.Salute the process of life and go home with a smile.
语篇解读 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过男孩建造沙堡和男人在工作中创造自己的帝国进行对比，当海浪来临时，男孩面对自己的杰作被冲走，拍手跳跃，而男人则是恐惧。这启示我们凡事只要用心了，享受了过程，结局就随潮起潮落，这都是生命的过程。
1.A.kicks B.lifts
C.breaks D.covers
答案 B
解析 根据下文男孩在堆沙堡可知，他是将水桶口朝下举(lift)了起来，故选B。
2.A.surprise B.relief
C.amusement D.delight
答案 D
解析 由下文沙堡堆好了可知，小建筑家是“高兴的”，to the delight of sb.令某人高兴的是。故选D。
3.A.lonely B.busy
C.clean D.empty
答案 B
解析 由空前的“a big city”可知，街道和交通是“繁忙的”，故选B。
4.A.hand B.neck
C.arm D.ear
答案 D
解析 由空前的“holds the phone”可知，一位男士在接电话，故电话是放在“耳朵”和肩膀之间，故选D。
5.A.fixes B.touches
C.hits D.checks
答案 C
解析 fix修理；touch触碰；hit打击，敲打；check检查。由语境知，此处指用手指敲打着键盘，故选C。
6.A.profit B.point
C.record D.wish
答案 A
解析 根据空前的“contracts”可知，那位男士是在谈生意，签了合同，一笔盈利就这样到手了，故选A。
7.A.bridges B.tools
C.buckets D.beaches
答案 A
解析 由第一段倒数第二句和空前已经出现的sentries可知，空处应填bridges。与上文呼应。故选A。
8.A.in hand B.in common
C.in need D.in total
答案 B
解析 由上文语境和下文的两个“They both...”和“And for both...”可知，这两个城堡的建造者之间有许多共同点。have sth.in common与……有共同点，故选B。
9.A.increase B.cut
C.shape D.put
答案 C
解析 shape...into...使……成为……形状(或样子)；将……塑造成……。故选C。
10.A.something B.anything
C.everything D.nothing
答案 D
解析 他们都是从一无所有中创造出美丽的事物。故选D。
11.A.award B.victory
C.future D.end
答案 D
解析 由语境和常识可知，潮水上涨，沙堡会被淹没，一切都会结束。故选D。下文的“end of his castle”和“his empire is fading”亦是提示。
12.A.similarities B.competitions
C.differences D.changes
答案 A
解析 根据上文一切都会结束，这也正是相似之处就止于此。故选A。
13.A.follows B.accepts
C.ignores D.enjoys
答案 C
解析 由下文小男孩对自己被毁的沙堡和那个男士对待自己衰落的帝国的不同态度可知，小男孩看到了他城堡的结局，而那个男士则忽视了。此处while表示前后的对比，故选C。
14.A.jumps B.struggles
C.sticks D.bends
答案 A
解析 根据后文的feet可知，此处应选jumps，表示孩子跳了起来。故选A。
15.A.dream B.gift
C.masterpiece D.memory
答案 C
解析 当海浪冲走他的杰作(masterpiece)时，他开始鼓掌。故选C。
16.A.excitement B.hesitation
C.fear D.desire
答案 C
解析 根据上下文语境可知，男孩对于海浪冲走自己的作品并不悲伤、害怕和遗憾。故选C。
17.A.wise B.naughty
C.curious D.active
答案 A
解析 根据上文那个男士忽视了创造的东西总有结束的一天，因此他并不像那个孩子一样明智(wise)。故选A。
18.A.finish B.protect
C.improve D.collect
答案 B
解析 随着他的帝国日渐衰落，他感到恐惧，并试图去保护(protect)它。故选B。
19.A.glances B.stares
C.yells D.points
答案 C
解析 根据上文那个男士非常恐惧自己的帝国衰落，因此对着即将到来的岁月海浪叫喊(yell)“这是我的城堡！”。故选C。
20.A.sets B.shines
C.rises D.burns
答案 A
解析 由下文的“the tides take”和“go home”可知，此处指太阳落下(set)。故选A。
Ⅰ.障碍词汇突破
(一)阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思
1.The building was constructed from the design of that architect.建筑师
2.Being punctual is a contract that is silently agreed.合同；契约
3.I would have been much wiser to start my own pension plan when I was younger.养老金
4.They arrived home just as the light was fading.变暗
(二) 同义词替换
5.As the president ended his speech，we all applauded politely.clapped
(三)一词多义
6.approach n.靠近；接近；道路；通道；方法v.接近；临近；处理；与……接洽
(1)The population of our province is now approaching 100 million.接近
(2)She decided to adopt a different approach to the problem.方法
(3)All approaches to the town were blocked.道路
(4)We have been approached by a number of companies that are interested in our product.
与……接洽
(5)With great enthusiasm，he talked about how he found issues and approached them.处理
Ⅱ.长难句理解
7.As the dusk approaches and waves near，the child jumps to his feet and begins to clap as the waves wash away his masterpiece.
[句式分析] 本句是一个复合句，两个as分别引导两个时间状语从句。
[精美译文] 当黄昏临近，波浪靠近时，这个小孩跳了起来；当海浪冲走他的杰作时，他开始鼓掌。
8.As his empire is fading，he is terrified，trying to protect it.
[句式分析] 本句是一个复合句，as引导的是时间状语从句；trying to protect it是现在分词短语作伴随状语。
[精美译文] 随着他的帝国日渐衰落，他很害怕，并试图去保护它。
强化练(十四)
Ⅰ.单项填空
1.This is my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
A.how B.which
C.that D.what
答案 D
解析 句意为：这就是父亲教我的——总是直面困难，并且抱最大的希望。这是一个含有表语从句的复合句，所选答案在从句中作teach的直接宾语，因此应该选D项。how不能用作宾语；which引导表语从句时意为“哪个，哪些”，不合逻辑；that引导表语从句时在从句中不作成分。
2.It took him a long time to the skills he needed to become a good dancer.
A.display B.acquire
C.teach D.test
答案 B
解析 句意为：他花了很长时间才获得成为一名优秀的舞蹈家所需要的技能。acquire意为“获得，学到”，符合语境，故选B。display展示；teach教；test测试。
3.We are living in an age QR codes(二维码) are becoming more and more popular in our daily life.
A.why B.that
C.whose D.when
答案 D
解析 句意为：我们生活在一个二维码在日常生活中越来越受欢迎的时代。先行词是表示时间的age，定语从句中缺少时间状语，故选D。
4.—Excuse me，could you please tell me how to get to the nearest Wenfeng Supermarket?
—OK.It’s two blocks straight ahead.You miss it.
A.can’t B.mustn’t
C.needn’t D.shouldn’t
答案 A
解析 句意为：——您好，能告诉我如何才能到最近的文峰超市？——好的，就在前面两个街区，你不会错过的。can’t 表示有把握的否定推测，表示“不可能”；mustn’t禁止，千万不能；needn’t 不需要；shouldn’t 不应该。故选 A。
5.I called her nearly ten minutes this morning，but I couldn’t .
A.get through B.go through
C.live through D.look through
答案 A
解析 句意为：今天早上我给她打了将近十分钟的电话，但是我没打通。get through(电话等)打通，接通；go through经受，仔细检查；live through度过，经受过；look through浏览，温习。故选 A。
6.Several underground stations are under construction at the same time these days， the rush hour traffic even worse.
A.to make B.makes
C.making D.made
答案 C
解析 句意为：这些天，几个地铁站同时在施工中，使得高峰期时间的交通更加糟糕。分析句子结构可知，“ the rush hour traffic even worse”是几个地铁站同时施工造成的自然结果，自然结果用现在分词。to do 表目的或者出乎意料的结果。故选C。
7.They’ve seen many famous scholars in the conference.How I wish I it!
A.have attended B.will attend
C.would attend D.had attended
答案 D
解析 句意为：他们在大会上见过许多著名的学者。我多么希望当时我能参加！根据句意可知，事情已经发生，所以此处用虚拟语气表示对过去已经发生的事情的推测，谓语部分用过去完成时。故选D。
8.—You could always put the decision off a little bit longer.
— If I leave it much longer I might miss my chance.
A.That’s reasonable. B.Isn’t it a good idea?
C.Do you think so? D.I can’t agree more.
答案 C
解析 根据后面的“如果想久了我想我会错过机会”可知，第二个人质疑、不同意第一个人说的话。That’s reasonable.这话说得在理；Isn’t it a good idea？这不是个好主意吗？Do you think so？你这么认为吗？I can’t agree more.我再同意不过了。故选C。
9. I get home late，Grandma always leaves a light on for me.
A.Wherever B.However
C.Whenever D.Whatever
答案 C
解析 句意为：无论何时我到家晚了，奶奶总是会为我亮着一盏灯。wherever 无论何处；however 无论多么，无论如何；whenever 无论何时；whatever 无论什么。根据句意可知应选whenever。故选C。
10.Mobile payment more and more popular in the last two years.
A.has become B.will become
C.became D.had become
答案 A
解析 in the last two years “在过去的两年里”作时间状语时， 句中谓语动词要使用现在完成时。故选A。
11.Thanks for your useful advice；otherwise I such rapid progress.
A.didn’t make B.couldn’t have made
C.hadn’t made D.shouldn’t have made
答案 B
解析 句意为：谢谢你有用的建议，否则我不会有这么快的进步。根据句意，本句运用了虚拟语气，表示对于过去事情的推测，主句谓语用would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词。故选B。
12.The online word “selfie” is gaining and more and more people tend to use it nowadays.
A.access B.admission
C.control D.currency
答案 D
解析 句意为：网络词汇“selfie”流行起来，如今越来越多的人在使用它。access进入，使用权；admission承认，入场费；control控制；currency流行，传播。故选D。
13. the culture gap and language differences，we still can understand each other through our body language.
A.Regarding B.Despite
C.Without D.Considering
答案 B
解析 regarding关于；despite虽然；without没有；considering考虑到。句意为：虽然有文化差异和语言差异，但是我们仍可以通过肢体语言理解彼此。
14.—I want to see Mr White.We have an appointment.
—I’m sorry，but he is not at the moment，for the meeting hasn’t ended.
A.busy B.active
C.concerned D.available
答案 D
解析 句意为：——我想见怀特先生。我们已经约好了。——很抱歉，但是此刻他没空，因为会议还没有结束。available可表示“(人)有空的”，符合语境。busy忙碌的；active活跃的；concerned担忧的。
15.—What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean?
—It’s nothing.Just something .
A.as clear as day
B.off the top of my head
C.under my nose
D.beyond my wildest dreams
答案 B
解析 句意为：——你T恤衫上的东西是什么意思？——没什么。只是即兴想出的东西，没有任何意思。根据前面的回答“It’s nothing.”(没什么意思)可知选B项off the top of my head “不假思索地(回答问题或提供信息)”。as clear as day一清二楚的；under my nose在我眼皮底下，当着我的面；beyond my wildest dreams做梦也想不到。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Having spent several years trying to be pregnant，Paige and Tate Lombard were over the moon throughout Paige’s pregnancy.During her 28-week check-up， 16 ，everything changed.The baby，Archer James，was having heart trouble.
17 that January，the Lombards made a 12 to 14 hours round-trip almost every other week to get to the hospital for check-ups.It was a(n) 18 they would have to get used to， 19 even after Archer was born，doctors explained，he was going to need at least one heart surgery—and likely 20 .
The bills were so huge that the Lombards couldn’t afford them.When word 21 about baby Archer’s condition，the town of Wall gathered.Donations 22 from friends，neighbors，colleagues，and even strangers.But most 23 of all to this couple—both teachers—were the many $10 donations from students.After months of 24 ，baby Archer was born on April 11.Paige and Tate got to see their baby boy briefly but didn’t yet get to 25 him before doctors wheeled him away for 26 .Archer would need open-heart surgery.Nine days after his birth，a 16-hour surgery was 27 on baby Archer，thanks to an organ donation.But doctors warned the Lombards that things weren’t looking 28 .The parents were able to spend a bit more time with him that day before Archer 29 at ten days old.
The town of Wall 30 to support Paige and Tate as they grieve.Community members have helped with funeral arrangements and raised church donations in Archer’s 31 .“Even when having 32 days，it was impossible not to see the blessings from our 33 ，” says Paige.
Three weeks after Archer’s passing，the community is still showing their emotional support through cards，gifts，and even cookies.The Lombards have received letters from strangers explaining how the couple’s 34 has helped them through the loss of their own child.“People are praying and talking about him and how he’s helped 35 them，” says Paige.
语篇解读 一对夫妇始终不渝地挽救还未出生就患心脏病的婴儿，更感人的是，整个小镇甚至一些陌生人也给予他们物质和情感上的支持。
16.A.otherwise B.thus
C.moreover D.though
答案 D
解析 根据“over the moon”和“everything changed”以及“The baby，Archer James，was having heart trouble.”可知，然而(though)，在她28周检查身体时，一切都改变了。
17.A.Beginning B.Responding
C.Dreaming D.Considering
答案 A
解析 根据上文“The baby，Archer James，was having heart trouble.”可知，从那年一月开始(Beginning)，Lombard夫妇几乎每隔一周就去医院检查，往返要花12至14小时。
18.A.accident B.pattern
C.coincidence D.reward
答案 B
解析 根据上文“get to the hospital for check-ups”可知，这是他们将不得不习惯的模式(pattern)。
19.A.when B.but
C.because D.unless
答案 C
解析 下文doctors explained给出了提示，即医生解释说，即使在阿切尔出生后，他们也不得不习惯这种模式。
20.A.more B.worse
C.less D.better
答案 A
解析 根据at least one及likely可知，要做一次或更多(more)的手术。
21.A.got on B.got out
C.got along D.got back
答案 B
解析 当阿切尔患病的事情传出去(got out)后，整个沃尔镇的人都聚集起来。
22.A.broke in B.pulled in
C.poured in D.joined in
答案 C
解析 根据下文“The town of Wall to support Paige and Tate as they grieve.”可知，此处表示来自朋友、邻居、同事，甚至陌生人募捐的东西纷至沓来(poured in)。
23.A.interesting B.exciting
C.challenging D.moving
答案 D
解析 根据But及teachers可知，对这对夫妇来说，在所有捐献中最感人的(moving)是来自学生的10美元善款。
24.A.fantasy B.support
C.assessment D.admission
答案 B
解析 根据上文可知，数月的支持(support)之后，阿切尔出生了。
25.A.know B.seize
C.hold D.seek
答案 C
解析 根据上文中的“see their baby boy briefly”及“need open-heart surgery”可知，Paige和Tate还没能抱抱(hold)宝宝，医生就把他推走去做检查(tests)了。
26.A.celebration B.tests
C.pleasure D.examples
答案 B
解析 参考上题解析。
27.A.needed B.performed
C.expected D.undertaken
答案 B
解析 根据后文中的“thanks to an organ donation”可知，阿切尔出生后九天，做了(performed)长达16小时的手术。
28.A.good B.long C.common D.certain
答案 A
解析 根据上文中的“But doctors warned”可知，医生告知Lombard夫妇，情况看起来不好(good)。
29.A.gave away
B.died away
C.turned away
D.passed away
答案 D
解析 下文funeral arrangements给出了提示。pass away死亡，消失。
30.A.continues B.agrees
C.prefers D.forgets
答案 A
解析 根据下文“Community members have helped with funeral arrangements and raised church donations”可知，沃尔镇人继续(continues)支持这对夫妇，帮助安排后事，在教堂以阿切尔的名义(name)募捐。
31.A.opinion B.name
C.belief D.favour
答案 B
解析 参考上题解析。
32.A.dark B.clumsy
C.busy D.cold
答案 A
解析 根据funeral arrangements可知，即使在黑暗的(dark)日子里，也能看到来自“我们”社区(community)的祝福。
33.A.doctor B.crowd
C.teacher D.community
答案 D
解析 参考上题解析。
34.A.drama B.show
C.journey D.confusion
答案 C
解析 根据上文可知，他们收到了陌生人的来信，信上说Lombard夫妇的历程(journey)是如何帮助他们走出他们失去自己孩子的痛苦的。
35.A.persuade B.remember
C.pardon D.change
答案 D
解析 根据上文“helped them through the loss of their own child”可知，他们一直在谈论阿切尔以及他如何帮助改变(change)他们。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Win a Trip to Cambridge!
We are pleased to announce the Cambridge English Schools annual competition.
Would you love to visit the beautiful city of Cambridge？Here’s your chance to attend a teaching course，set in a University of Cambridge college.
How do you enter?
To enter this competition，tell us in no more than 300 words about a classroom activity which you have designed and used to motivate your students when preparing for a Cambridge English exam.Include：
·the exam that is designed to prepare for
·the aim(s) of the activity
·the skill or language area(s) it practices
·a brief explanation of the activity and how it motivates your students
·a photo or video of your students during the activity，if possible.
The winner will receive a free trip to Cambridge，for one person，to attend a two-week residential(住校的) course at the Bell Teacher Campus，Homerton College，a University of Cambridge college.
Click “Read More” below to enter the competition.The competition closes on 1 April so make sure you can enter soon.
One lucky winner will receive：
·a two-week residential course at the Bell Teacher Campus，Cambridge，UK
·return economy-class flights or equivalent(同等物)
·taxis to and from the airport in the UK
Terms and conditions apply.The winner will be expected to cover all other costs incurred(产生) in their free time，including but not limited to any other food and drink，accommodation，travel and insurance.
36.What does a competitor have to do?
A.Make a video recording.
B.Take a Cambridge English exam.
C.Submit written material.
D.Prepare a language ability certificate.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据How do you enter？部分中的“To enter this competition，tell us in no more than 300 words about a classroom activity...”可知，参赛者需要提交一份最多300词的文字材料，来描述自己设计过的一个课堂活动。
37.What is covered in the prize?
A.A two-week teaching job.
B.Transportation fees to the UK.
C.Sightseeing in the city of Cambridge.
D.Free accommodation everywhere in the UK.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据One lucky winner will receive：部分中的“return economy-class flights or equivalent(同等物)”可知，该竞赛的获奖者可获得往返英国的经济舱机票或同等物。
Ⅳ.任务型阅读
Emotions are “the glue” that connects people to one another.They are the foundation of your ability to understand yourself and relate to others.When you are aware of your emotions，you can manage stress and communicate well with others.Without emotions and awareness of them，it’s impossible to build or maintain strong，healthy relationships.The more aware you are of your own emotions，the easier it will be for you to pick up on what others are feeling and accurately read their wants and needs.
Although emotional awareness is so important，many people remain relatively unaware of their main emotional experience.In order to know your level of emotional awareness，ask yourself the following questions.If you answer no，you may need to work on raising your emotional awareness—Can you tolerate strong feelings，such as anger and sadness? Do you feel your emotions in your body? Are you comfortable with all of your emotions? Do you pay attention to your emotions and avoid them guiding your decisions?
Raising your emotional awareness begins with managing stress.The ability to reduce stress quickly allows you to safely face strong emotions，regulate your feelings and behave properly.Also，the process of raising emotional awareness involves reconnecting with all of the main emotions，including anger，sadness，fear，disgust，surprise，and joy.So get back in touch with your emotions and feelings.Another key to raising emotional awareness is practice.Like building muscles in a gym，you wouldn’t expect to be a bodybuilder after just five minutes.The more consistently you practice，the greater changes you’ll experience in what you feel，think，and do.
We are all born with a capacity to freely experience the full range of human emotions—joy，anger，sadness，and fear.Yet many people are trying to avoid them rather than experience them.If you avoid emotions，you will lose the good ones，along with the bad ones.Either you feel your emotions or you don’t.When you shut down negative feelings like anger，fear，or sadness，you also shut down your ability to experience positive feelings such as joy，love，and happiness.You can change or turn a blind eye to your emotions，but you can’t get rid of them entirely.Moreover，it will totally wear you out，because avoiding emotional experiences usually takes a lot of energy.What’s more，it damages your relationships.The more you distance yourself from your feelings，the more distant you become from others.You lose the ability to build strong relationships and communicate effectively，both of which depend on being in touch with your emotions.
Title：Emotional Awareness
Paragraph Outlines
Supporting Details
The 38. of emotions
·Emotions lay the foundations for having a better 39. of yourself and others.
·Emotional awareness helps you manage stress，streng-then your 40._______with others and improve your interpersonal relationships.
The evaluation of your emotional awareness
·Many people are relatively weak in putting their main emotional experience into 41. .
·Through answering some related questions，you can know 42.______ you need to raise your emotional awareness.
The 43. to raising emotional awareness
·Managing stress is the 44. thing you should do to raise your emotional awareness.
·Get back in touch with your emotions and feelings.
·45. on practicing and you will experience changes in your emotional awareness.
The danger of avoiding your emotions
·You will lose all the emotions altogether.
·You will feel extremely 46. .
·It will be 47. to your relationships with others.
38.答案 significance/importance/functions/advantages
解析 概括词汇题。根据第一段的内容及表格右栏的内容可知，第一段主要从正反两面论述了情感的重要性/作用/好处。
39.答案 understanding
解析 转换词汇题。根据第一段中的“They are the foundation of your ability to understand yourself and relate to others.”可知，情感能够帮助人们更好地了解自己与他人。have a better understanding of sth.对某事有更好的了解，为固定搭配。
40.答案 communication
解析 转换词汇题。根据第一段中的“When you are aware of your emotions，you can manage stress and communicate well with others.”可知，情感意识能帮你应对压力并和他人更好地交流；又因空前的“your”和空后的“with”可知，空处应用communication。
41.答案 perspective
解析 概括词汇题。根据第二段中的“Although emotional awareness is so important，many people remain relatively unaware of their main emotional experience.”可知，虽然情感意识很重要，但很多人相对而言仍旧未意识到他们的主要情感。put sth.into perspective正确看待某事，合理判断某事，为习惯搭配。
42.答案 whether/if
解析 概括词汇题。根据第二段中的“If you answer no，you may need to work on raising your emotional awareness...”可知，通过回答问题，你可以知道自己是否需要提高自我的情感意识。故填 whether/if “是否”。
43.答案 keys
解析 原文词汇题。根据第三段及表格右栏的内容可知，第三段主要讲的是提高情感意识的关键。根据题干中的“to raising”及第三段中的“Another key”可知，此处应填 keys。
44.答案 first/initial
解析 转换词汇题。根据第三段的第一句“Raising your emotional awareness begins with managing stress.”可知，提高情感意识的首要之事是应对压力。
45.答案 Insist
解析 转换词汇题。根据第三段的最后一句“The more consistently you practice，the greater changes you’ll experience in what you feel，think，and do.”可知，只要坚持不断地练习，你就会感受到情感意识的变化。insist on坚持，为固定搭配。
46.答案 tired
解析 转换词汇题。根据最后一段中的“Moreover，it will totally wear you out，because avoiding emotional experiences usually takes a lot of energy.”可知，逃避情感的话，你会感到非常劳累。因为逃避情感通常会耗费你大量精力。wear sb.out “使某人筋疲力尽”与 tired 同义。
47.答案 harmful
解析 转换词汇题。根据最后一段中的“What’s more，it damages your relationships.”可知，逃避情感会对你与其他人的关系有害。空处在句中作表语，be harmful to...对……有害，为固定搭配，故应填 harmful。
课件52张PPT。专题二 完形填空真题感悟名师点津随堂限时练第二节 夹叙夹议文PART
1真题感悟(2019·江苏)
Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age.There are species(物种) that are 36 every day.The white-naped crane is a typical example.So scientists are trying their best to 37 the species from going out of existence.36.A.growing B.migrating
C.competing D.disappearing解析 根据该段中的“Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age.”可知，在现代，野生动物受到了极大的威胁，每天都有物种在消失。disappear消失。√(2019·江苏)
Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age.There are species(物种) that are 36 every day.The white-naped crane is a typical example.So scientists are trying their best to 37 the species from going out of existence.37.A.ban B.save
C.split D.remove解析 科学家们正在尽最大努力拯救白枕鹤这一物种，使其免于灭绝。下文讲述了Chris和Tim为拯救白枕鹤所做出的努力。save拯救。√Chris and Tim work at a zoo，helping endangered cranes with their 38 .Emma，a female crane，has been in their 39 since she arrived in 2004.38.A.abortion B.recreation
C.reproduction D.administration解析 下文讲述了Chris和Tim帮助Emma繁殖，由此可知，Chris和Tim在一家动物园工作，帮助濒临灭绝的鹤繁殖。reproduction繁殖。√39.A.care B.eye
C.mind D.story解析 Emma是一只雌性鹤，自从2004年来到这个动物园，就一直在他们的照顾之下。in sb. ’s care(＝being looked after by sb. )由某人照顾。√Born at an international crane foundation，Emma was 40 by human caretakers.This led to an unexpected 41 ，though she had a wonderful time there.Emma had 42 taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans.She 43 to live with male cranes，and even had a 44 for killing some of them，which made it 45 for her to become a mother.40.A.found B.chosen
C.raised D.seized解析 根据下文中的“become deeply attached to humans”可知，Emma由人类饲养员饲养。raise饲养。√Born at an international crane foundation，Emma was 40 by human caretakers.This led to an unexpected 41 ，though she had a wonderful time there.Emma had 42 taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans.She 43 to live with male cranes，and even had a 44 for killing some of them，which made it 45 for her to become a mother.41.A.bonus B.consequence
C.victory D.sacrifice解析 根据下文中的“Emma had...become deeply attached to humans...killing some of them”可知，这导致了一个意想不到的后果。consequence后果。√Born at an international crane foundation，Emma was 40 by human caretakers.This led to an unexpected 41 ，though she had a wonderful time there.Emma had 42 taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans.She 43 to live with male cranes，and even had a 44 for killing some of them，which made it 45 for her to become a mother.42.A.never B.always
C.unluckily D.cheerfully解析 Emma从来没有把自己当成一只鹤，它对人类产生了很深的感情。根据语境可知，此处用否定副词never。√Born at an international crane foundation，Emma was 40 by human caretakers.This led to an unexpected 41 ，though she had a wonderful time there.Emma had 42 taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans.She 43 to live with male cranes，and even had a 44 for killing some of them，which made it 45 for her to become a mother.43.A.liked B.refused
C.decided D.hesitated解析 根据上文可知，Emma对人类有很深的感情；再根据下文中的“killing some of them...”可推知，它拒绝和雄鹤生活在一起，甚至有杀害雄鹤的名声。refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事。√Born at an international crane foundation，Emma was 40 by human caretakers.This led to an unexpected 41 ，though she had a wonderful time there.Emma had 42 taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans.She 43 to live with male cranes，and even had a 44 for killing some of them，which made it 45 for her to become a mother.44.A.gift B.skill
C.concern D.reputation解析 参见上题解析。have a reputation for有……的名声。reputation名声。√Born at an international crane foundation，Emma was 40 by human caretakers.This led to an unexpected 41 ，though she had a wonderful time there.Emma had 42 taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans.She 43 to live with male cranes，and even had a 44 for killing some of them，which made it 45 for her to become a mother.45.A.illegal B.inspiring
C.important D.impossible解析 根据上文可知，Emma拒绝和雄鹤一起生活，甚至会杀死它们。由此推知，这使它无法成为一位母亲，此处用否定意义的形容词impossible。√ 46 ，the two zookeepers didn’t want to see the extinction(灭绝) of this precious species.With their patience and efforts，they successfully developed a 47 of artificial breeding(人工繁殖) and natural reproduction.This 48 Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.46.A.Therefore B.Moreover
C.However D.Instead解析 然而，Chris和Tim并不想看到这一珍贵物种灭绝。上下文有转折关系。however然而。√ 46 ，the two zookeepers didn’t want to see the extinction(灭绝) of this precious species.With their patience and efforts，they successfully developed a 47 of artificial breeding(人工繁殖) and natural reproduction.This 48 Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.47.A.combination B.collection
C.strategy D.system解析 在Chris和Tim的耐心和努力下，他们成功地将人工繁殖和自然繁殖结合起来。combination结合，联合。√ 46 ，the two zookeepers didn’t want to see the extinction(灭绝) of this precious species.With their patience and efforts，they successfully developed a 47 of artificial breeding(人工繁殖) and natural reproduction.This 48 Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.48.A.forced B.forbade
C.taught D.enabled解析 这使得Emma生下了五只鹤宝宝。enable...to do sth. 使……有能力做某事。√The two keepers are proud of their productive work.But before they can be 49 ，more efforts must be made，because the population of the crane in the wild is on the 50 ，and many other species appear headed toward extinction. 51 ，not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts，feelings，and most importantly，equal rights to survive.49.A.defeated B.grateful
C.assured D.tolerant解析 Chris和Tim为他们富有成效的工作感到自豪，但他们必须付出更多的努力才有把握。assured确定的。√The two keepers are proud of their productive work.But before they can be 49 ，more efforts must be made，because the population of the crane in the wild is on the 50 ，and many other species appear headed toward extinction. 51 ，not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts，feelings，and most importantly，equal rights to survive.50.A.list B.rise
C.agenda D.decline解析 野生鹤的数量正在下降，许多其他物种似乎正走向灭绝。on the decline在下降。√The two keepers are proud of their productive work.But before they can be 49 ，more efforts must be made，because the population of the crane in the wild is on the 50 ，and many other species appear headed toward extinction. 51 ，not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts，feelings，and most importantly，equal rights to survive.51.A.In contrast B.After all
C.By the way D.On the contrary解析 毕竟，并不是每个人都能意识到野生动物有思想、感情，最重要的是，它们有平等的生存权利。after all毕竟，符合语境。in contrast相比之下；by the way顺便说一下；on the contrary与此相反。√How can we 52 the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals？Chris and Tim offered us the 53 ：human beings took it for granted that their 54 held all the solutions，but maybe their hearts can be a better 55 .52.A.leave B.bridge
C.open D.identify解析 我们怎样才能弥合我们与其他动物之间不断扩大的鸿沟呢？bridge弥合(差距)，消除(分歧)。√How can we 52 the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals？Chris and Tim offered us the 53 ：human beings took it for granted that their 54 held all the solutions，but maybe their hearts can be a better 55 .53.A.course B.excuse
C.answer D.reward 解析 Chris和Tim给了我们答案，下文中的“human beings took it for granted that...”就是他们的答案。answer答案。√How can we 52 the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals？Chris and Tim offered us the 53 ：human beings took it for granted that their 54 held all the solutions，but maybe their hearts can be a better 55 .54.A.brains B.behaviors
C.services D.projects解析 人类想当然地认为他们的大脑(brain)掌握了所有的解决方案，但也许他们的心可以成为更好的向导(guide)。√How can we 52 the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals？Chris and Tim offered us the 53 ：human beings took it for granted that their 54 held all the solutions，but maybe their hearts can be a better 55 .55.A.guide B.treat
C.example D.companion解析 参见上题解析。√语篇解读 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。在现代，野生动物受到了极大的威胁，每天都有物种在消失。Chris和Tim努力拯救白枕鹤(white-naped crane)这一物种，使其免于灭绝。PART
2名师点津一、题型解读
夹叙夹议类的完形填空一般有以下三种结构特点：
1.事例→观点：先叙述一件事情，然后针对这件事情发表自己的看法或揭示生活的真理。
2.观点→事例：先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来说明。 一般是一个事例，有时也会用几个事例从不同的侧面加以说明。
3.观点→事例→观点：首先提出一种观点或看法，然后用事例说明，最后再进一步阐述或总结自己的观点。二、解题技巧
1.分析结构，抓住作者的观点。 在做题时大家要借助文章结构，认真体会记叙和议论的关系，抓住作者的观点，明确文章的组织方式。 看文章属于上述哪种结构，从而明白作者的思路。
2.重视首句，把握文章主题。 首句往往是文章的关键句、引题句或主题句。 通过首句可以初步判断文章的写作中心，为全面理解文章打开一扇“窗户”。
3.叙议兼顾，理解议论内涵。 夹叙夹议文中叙与议是一个有机的整体，叙是议的基础，而议是叙的升华。 在读这类文章时，掌握议论部分的内容是关键，因为叙述是为作者的议论而服务的。 所以只有把故事和哲理联系起来，再结合人物心理和行为的描述，全面把握文章才能正确解题。4.抓住转换，理清逻辑关系。 抓住记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式，理清上下文之间的逻辑关系，在充分把握语境的基础上，辨析词语，进一步把握作者的观点、态度，从而找到正确答案。PART
3随堂限时练At a beautiful beach a little boy on his knees packs the sand into a bucket.He turns the bucket upside down and 1 it.To the 2 of the little 1architect，a castle tower is created.He works all afternoon packing the walls，building sentries(哨兵) with bottle tops and bridges with sticks.And a sandcastle will be built.1.A.kicks B.lifts
C.breaks D.covers√解析 根据下文男孩在堆沙堡可知，他是将水桶口朝下举(lift)了起来，故选B。At a beautiful beach a little boy on his knees packs the sand into a bucket.He turns the bucket upside down and 1 it.To the 2 of the little 1architect，a castle tower is created.He works all afternoon packing the walls，building sentries(哨兵) with bottle tops and bridges with sticks.And a sandcastle will be built.2.A.surprise B.relief
C.amusement D.delight√解析 由下文沙堡堆好了可知，小建筑家是“高兴的”，to the delight of sb. 令某人高兴的是。故选D。 In a big city with 3 streets and traffic，a man works in an office.He packs papers into piles，holds the phone between his 4 and shoulder and 5 the keyboard with his fingers.2Contracts get signed and to the joy of the man，a 6 is made.His 3pension will be sentries and capital gains will be 7 .An empire will be built.3.A.lonely B.busy
C.clean D.empty√解析 由空前的“a big city”可知，街道和交通是“繁忙的”，故选B。In a big city with 3 streets and traffic，a man works in an office.He packs papers into piles，holds the phone between his 4 and shoulder and 5 the keyboard with his fingers.2Contracts get signed and to the joy of the man，a 6 is made.His 3pension will be sentries and capital gains will be 7 .An empire will be built.4.A.hand B.neck
C.arm D.ear√解析 由空前的“holds the phone”可知，一位男士在接电话，故电话是放在“耳朵”和肩膀之间，故选D。In a big city with 3 streets and traffic，a man works in an office.He packs papers into piles，holds the phone between his 4 and shoulder and 5 the keyboard with his fingers.2Contracts get signed and to the joy of the man，a 6 is made.His 3pension will be sentries and capital gains will be 7 .An empire will be built.5.A.fixes B.touches
C.hits D.checks√解析 fix修理；touch触碰；hit打击，敲打；check检查。由语境知，此处指用手指敲打着键盘，故选C。In a big city with 3 streets and traffic，a man works in an office.He packs papers into piles，holds the phone between his 4 and shoulder and 5 the keyboard with his fingers.2Contracts get signed and to the joy of the man，a 6 is made.His 3pension will be sentries and capital gains will be 7 .An empire will be built.6.A.profit B.point
C.record D.wish√解析 根据空前的“contracts”可知，那位男士是在谈生意，签了合同，一笔盈利就这样到手了，故选A。In a big city with 3 streets and traffic，a man works in an office.He packs papers into piles，holds the phone between his 4 and shoulder and 5 the keyboard with his fingers.2Contracts get signed and to the joy of the man，a 6 is made.His 3pension will be sentries and capital gains will be 7 .An empire will be built.7.A.bridges B.tools
C.buckets D.beaches√解析 由第一段倒数第二句和空前已经出现的sentries可知，空处应填bridges。与上文呼应。故选A。The two builders of the two castles have very much 8 .They both 9 smallness into greatness.They both make something beautiful out of 10 .And for both，the tide will rise and the 11 will come.Yet that is where the 12 stop.The little boy sees the end of his castle while the man 13 it.7As the dusk 6approaches and waves near，the child 14 to his feet and begins to clap as the waves wash away his 15 . There is no sorrow，no 16 and no regret.He smiles and goes home.8.A.in hand B.in common C.in need D.in total√解析 由上文语境和下文的两个“They both...”和“And for both...”可知，这两个城堡的建造者之间有许多共同点。have sth. in common与……有共同点，故选B。The two builders of the two castles have very much 8 .They both 9 smallness into greatness.They both make something beautiful out of 10 .And for both，the tide will rise and the 11 will come.Yet that is where the 12 stop.The little boy sees the end of his castle while the man 13 it.7As the dusk 6approaches and waves near，the child 14 to his feet and begins to clap as the waves wash away his 15 . There is no sorrow，no 16 and no regret.He smiles and goes home.9.A.increase B.cut
C.shape D.put√解析 shape...into...使……成为……形状(或样子)；将……塑造成……。故选C。The two builders of the two castles have very much 8 .They both 9 smallness into greatness.They both make something beautiful out of 10 .And for both，the tide will rise and the 11 will come.Yet that is where the 12 stop.The little boy sees the end of his castle while the man 13 it.7As the dusk 6approaches and waves near，the child 14 to his feet and begins to clap as the waves wash away his 15 . There is no sorrow，no 16 and no regret.He smiles and goes home.10.A.something B.anything
C.everything D.nothing√解析 他们都是从一无所有中创造出美丽的事物。故选D。The two builders of the two castles have very much 8 .They both 9 smallness into greatness.They both make something beautiful out of 10 .And for both，the tide will rise and the 11 will come.Yet that is where the 12 stop.The little boy sees the end of his castle while the man 13 it.7As the dusk 6approaches and waves near，the child 14 to his feet and begins to clap as the waves wash away his 15 . There is no sorrow，no 16 and no regret.He smiles and goes home.11.A.award B.victory
C.future D.end√解析 由语境和常识可知，潮水上涨，沙堡会被淹没，一切都会结束。故选D。下文的“end of his castle”和“his empire is fading”亦是提示。The two builders of the two castles have very much 8 .They both 9 smallness into greatness.They both make something beautiful out of 10 .And for both，the tide will rise and the 11 will come.Yet that is where the 12 stop.The little boy sees the end of his castle while the man 13 it.7As the dusk 6approaches and waves near，the child 14 to his feet and begins to clap as the waves wash away his 15 . There is no sorrow，no 16 and no regret.He smiles and goes home.12.A.similarities B.competitions
C.differences D.changes√解析 根据上文一切都会结束，这也正是相似之处就止于此。故选A。The two builders of the two castles have very much 8 .They both 9 smallness into greatness.They both make something beautiful out of 10 .And for both，the tide will rise and the 11 will come.Yet that is where the 12 stop.The little boy sees the end of his castle while the man 13 it.7As the dusk 6approaches and waves near，the child 14 to his feet and begins to clap as the waves wash away his 15 . There is no sorrow，no 16 and no regret.He smiles and goes home.13.A.follows B.accepts C.ignores D.enjoys√解析 由下文小男孩对自己被毁的沙堡和那个男士对待自己衰落的帝国的不同态度可知，小男孩看到了他城堡的结局，而那个男士则忽视了。此处while表示前后的对比，故选C。The two builders of the two castles have very much 8 .They both 9 smallness into greatness.They both make something beautiful out of 10 .And for both，the tide will rise and the 11 will come.Yet that is where the 12 stop.The little boy sees the end of his castle while the man 13 it.7As the dusk 6approaches and waves near，the child 14 to his feet and begins to clap as the waves wash away his 15 . There is no sorrow，no 16 and no regret.He smiles and goes home.14.A.jumps B.struggles
C.sticks D.bends√解析 根据后文的feet可知，此处应选jumps，表示孩子跳了起来。故选A。The two builders of the two castles have very much 8 .They both 9 smallness into greatness.They both make something beautiful out of 10 .And for both，the tide will rise and the 11 will come.Yet that is where the 12 stop.The little boy sees the end of his castle while the man 13 it.7As the dusk 6approaches and waves near，the child 14 to his feet and begins to clap as the waves wash away his 15 . There is no sorrow，no 16 and no regret.He smiles and goes home.15.A.dream B.gift
C.masterpiece D.memory√解析 当海浪冲走他的杰作(masterpiece)时，他开始鼓掌。故选C。The two builders of the two castles have very much 8 .They both 9 smallness into greatness.They both make something beautiful out of 10 .And for both，the tide will rise and the 11 will come.Yet that is where the 12 stop.The little boy sees the end of his castle while the man 13 it.7As the dusk 6approaches and waves near，the child 14 to his feet and begins to clap as the waves wash away his 15 . There is no sorrow，no 16 and no regret.He smiles and goes home.16.A.excitement B.hesitation
C.fear D.desire√解析 根据上下文语境可知，男孩对于海浪冲走自己的作品并不悲伤、害怕和遗憾。故选C。The man in his office is not very 17 like the child.8As his empire is 4fading，he is terrified，trying to 18 it.“It’s my castle！” he 19 at the incoming tide.17.A.wise B.naughty C.curious D.active解析 根据上文那个男士忽视了创造的东西总有结束的一天，因此他并不像那个孩子一样明智(wise)。故选A。√18.A.finish B.protect C.improve D.collect解析 随着他的帝国日渐衰落，他感到恐惧，并试图去保护(protect)它。故选B。√The man in his office is not very 17 like the child.8As his empire is 4fading，he is terrified，trying to 18 it.“It’s my castle！” he 19 at the incoming tide.19.A.glances B.stares
C.yells D.points√解析 根据上文那个男士非常恐惧自己的帝国衰落，因此对着即将到来的岁月海浪叫喊(yell)“这是我的城堡！”。故选C。Go ahead and build your dreams，but with a child’s heart.When the sun 20 and the tides take，just 5applaud.Salute the process of life and go home with a smile.20.A.sets B.shines
C.rises D.burns√解析 由下文的“the tides take”和“go home”可知，此处指太阳落下(set)。故选A。语篇解读 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过男孩建造沙堡和男人在工作中创造自己的帝国进行对比，当海浪来临时，男孩面对自己的杰作被冲走，拍手跳跃，而男人则是恐惧。这启示我们凡事只要用心了，享受了过程，结局就随潮起潮落，这都是生命的过程。做完以上完形后，巧妙运用语境，解决障碍词和长难句素材提炼再拓展Ⅰ.障碍词汇突破
(一)阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思
1.The building was constructed from the design of that architect. _______
2.Being punctual is a contract that is silently agreed. ___________
3.I would have been much wiser to start my own pension plan when I was younger. _______
4.They arrived home just as the light was fading. _____
(二) 同义词替换
5.As the president ended his speech，we all applauded politely. ________建筑师合同；契约养老金变暗clapped(三)一词多义
6.approach n.靠近；接近；道路；通道；方法v.接近；临近；处理；与……接洽
(1)The population of our province is now approaching 100 million. _____
(2)She decided to adopt a different approach to the problem. _____
(3)All approaches to the town were blocked. _____
(4)We have been approached by a number of companies that are interested in our product. ___________
(5)With great enthusiasm，he talked about how he found issues and approached them. _____接近方法道路与……接洽处理Ⅱ.长难句理解
7.As the dusk approaches and waves near，the child jumps to his feet and begins to clap as the waves wash away his masterpiece.
[句式分析] 本句是一个复合句，两个as分别引导两个 状语从句。
[精美译文] ________________________________________________________
________________________
8.As his empire is fading，he is terrified，trying to protect it.
[句式分析] 本句是一个复合句，as引导的是时间状语从句；trying to protect it是现在分词短语作 。
[精美译文] __________________________________________________时间 当黄昏临近，波浪靠近时，这个小孩跳了起来；当海浪冲走他的杰作时，他开始鼓掌。伴随状语随着他的帝国日渐衰落，他很害怕，并试图去保护它。本课结束
