译林版英语Module 5　Unit 3　Science and nature知识点课件50张

课件50张PPT。
Module 5　Unit 3　Science and nature
1.intention n.意图,目的;企图
教材原句
①However,some people believe that cloning human embryos 　with???? the intention of destroying them shows no respect for human life.◆单句填空
②When Dennis Williams received a text that clearly wasn't 　intended????(intend) for him, he did something special.(2018课标全国Ⅲ)
③The journey was intended 　to???? achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.(2016课标全国Ⅱ)
④Scientists find from their studies that plants can talk to one another
　intentionally????(intention).◆完成句子
⑤这项为了促进中国西部地区经济发展的工程已经给当地人带来了利益。
The project, 　intended???? 　 to????promote the economic development of the west of China, has brought benefit to the local people.
⑥不要试图说服老板了,他没有雇用我这个刚刚毕业的大学生的想法。
Don't try to persuade the boss;he won't have the intention??? of???employing
me—a student fresh from college.
⑦这个专门针对年轻人的项目得到了广泛的认可,并刚刚获得了政府的奖励。
The project　intended for??? the youth is widely accepted and has just got an award given by the government.
点拨
with the intention of doing sth.怀着做某事的目的
have every intention of doing sth.一心想做某事
have no intention of doing sth.没有做某事的打算
[联想]
intend v.计划,打算,想要
intend to do sth.打算/想要做某事
intend sb. to do sth.打算/想要让某人做某事
be intended for是为……打算/设计的
intentional adj.有意的
intentionally adv.故意地;有意地2.adopt vt.收养;领养;采用;采纳
教材原句
①I don't want to 　adopt????(领养) someone else's child—if I had the chance, I would have a cloned baby right now.
◆语境释义(写出下面画线词的汉语意思)
②The government has launched a campaign to encourage childless couples to adopt homeless children.　收养????
③Eventually, he was adopted as the new manager of the company.　选举??
④Pupils should be helped to adopt a positive approach to the environment.　采用????
◆句型转换
⑤After he adopted a new way, the problem was solved.
→　With a new way adopted????, the problem was solved. (with的复合结构)
→　Having adopted a new way????, he solved the problem.(现在分词短语作状语)◆完成句子
⑥这对夫妇没有自己的孩子, 领养了一名孤儿。几个月过后这个孤儿渐渐适应了他的新生活。
The couple had no children of their own and 　adopted???? an orphan. After a few months, the orphan came to 　adapt???? to his new life.点拨
adopt different approaches采用不同的方法
adopt a new policy通过一项新政策
[联想]
?[点津]
adopt和adapt,一个字母之差,可以这样记:adopt中间字母为o,表示一张圆脸,一个可爱的孩子等待“收养”;adapt中间字母为a,表示“一”、“首先;起初”,一个人第一次到达陌生的地方必须学会“适应”。
3.consequence n.结果;后果
教材原句
①If we toy with nature, we will have to deal with the 　consequences???? (consequence).◆单句填空
②It is　a????logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead.
③The factory was forced to close;　in????consequence,800 people lost their jobs.
④　As????a consequence of a great fire the house was completely de-stroyed.⑤ 　As a consequence????, children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas.
◆对比填空(as a consequence/as a consequence of)
⑥ The city was in ruins　as a consequence of????a severe earthquake.
点拨
as a consequence=in consequence因此,结果
in consequence of=as a consequence of由于
of no consequence不重要的,无足轻重的
answer for the consequences对后果负责
take/suffer/face the consequences(of sth.)承担/遭受/面对(某事的)后果
[联想]
as a result 因此,结果
as a result of 由于,因为4.majority n.多数;大多数
教材原句
①I am sure that if you conducted a survey among UK citizens, it would
show that 　the???? majority of people would not support this type of scien-tific research.

◆单句填空
②For example, if you look at the audience at a classical concert, the major-ity　is/are????(be) over the age of fifty.
③The number of students in our class　is????more than 70 and the majority of them　are????from the countryside. (be)
◆完成句子
④大多数接受采访的人都喜欢看电视而不喜欢听收音机。
　The majority of???? people interviewed prefer TV to radio.
⑤据报道他以71票的优势赢得了该席位。
It's reported that he won the seat　by/with a majority of???? 71 votes.
⑥在那个城市只有少数人没有汽车,而乘坐地铁上班的人却占了大多数。
Only　a minority of????people in that city　don't????have a car while the people taking the subway to work are　in the/a majority????.点拨
in a/the majority 占大多数
the majority of大多数……
by/with a majority of 以大多数……
in a/the minority 占少数
[点津]
(1)the majority单独作主语时,谓语动词用单复数形式均可。
(2)the majority of+复数名词+复数谓语动词
the majority of+不可数名词+单数谓语动词
[图解助记]
?
[联想]
(1)the number of+复数名词+单数谓语动词
a number of+复数名词+复数谓语动词
(2)major in 主修
5.frighten vt.使惊吓,使惊恐
教材原句
①While many people are excited about these new technologies, these same technologies 　frighten???? (fright) others.◆单句填空
②Mary was too　frightened????to tell her family the　frightening????scene
because it　frightened????her to death. (fright)
③I'm not sure who is more 　frightened???? (frighten), me or the female gorilla that suddenly appears out of nowhere.(2018课标全国Ⅲ)
④Don't put your prices too high or you'll frighten the customers　off/away????.◆完成句子
⑤她害怕晚上独自外出。
She　was frightened of????going out alone at night.
⑥我是如此害怕以至于我闭上了眼睛。
I was　so frightened that????I closed my eyes.点拨
frighten...away/off把……吓跑/吓走
frighten sb. into/out of doing sth.把某人吓得做/不做某事
[联想]
frightened adj.惊恐的
be frightened to do sth.害怕做某事
be frightened of对……感到害怕
be frightened to death被吓得要死
frightening adj.令人恐惧的6.anxiety n.忧虑,焦虑,不安
教材原句
①Even though human cloning is causing a lot of 　anxiety????(anxious),it is
good news for Faye Wilson, a 41-year-old saleswoman who cannot have a baby.
◆单句填空
②Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny,or that inspired negative feelings like anger or 　anxiety????(anxious).(2016课标全国Ⅲ)
③While doing a Watched-Pot Wait,we tend to grow　anxious????(anxiety).◆完成句子
④He　was anxious that???? the meeting of the following day should be a success.
他盼望第二天的会议能够成功。
⑤You're 　too anxious to???? make money and too fond of bullying peo-ple.
你太热衷于赚钱,太喜欢欺负人了。点拨
anxiety for sth./to do sth.对某事/做某事的渴望
[联想]
anxious adj.焦虑的,担心的;渴望的,非常希望的
be anxious to do...渴望做……,急于做……
be anxious that...盼望/渴望……(从句中常用“should+动词原形”)
anxiously adv.忧虑地in favour of 赞同,支持
教材原句
①Would anyone say that development should be stopped in favour 　of???? nature? ◆单句改错
②Her stepmother's care on her favour is very rare and valuable.
on→in
③Do me a favour putting on this shirt and this suit.
putting前加by
◆单句填空
④When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside　in????favour of younger men.
⑤I thought it was another chance to repay someone for　the????favour I'd been given decades earlier.◆句型转换
Will you do me a favour and shut the door?
⑥Will you 　help me????shut the door? (help)
⑦Will you 　assist me in???? shutting the door? (assist)
⑧Will you 　aid me in???? shutting the door?(aid)点拨
favour sb./sth.较喜欢,偏袒,有助于
in sb.'s favour 对某人有利
do sb. a favour帮某人忙
ask a favour of sb.请某人帮忙
do sb. the favour to do sth. /do sb. a favour by doing sth. 帮某人做某事1.不定式作定语
教材原句
①The first mammal 　to be cloned????(clone) successfully from an adult cell was Dolly the sheep.◆单句填空
②By boat is the only way 　to get???? (get) here, which is how we arrived.(2018江苏)
③Walkwood Church of England Middle School is believed to be the first in England　to stop????(stop) girls under the age of 13 from wearing skirts.
◆完成句子
④乔治·华盛顿是第一个把昆虫称为bug的人。
George Washington　was the first person to call????an insect a bug.
⑤我正在找一间屋子住。
I am looking for a room　to live in????.
⑥我需要一张纸来写字。
I need a piece of paper　to write on????.
点拨
(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级以及the next, the on-ly, the last等修饰时,常用不定式作后置定语。
(2)动词不定式作定语用来修饰抽象名词,常见的有:ability, chance, ambi-tion, offer, anxiety, answer, reply, attempt, belief等。
(3)不定式与其所修饰的词构成逻辑上的被动关系,而该不定式为不及物动词时,其后需加上适当的介词,构成及物动词短语。
2.否定词与比较级连用表示最高级
教材原句
①Nowhere is this truer　than???? with genetically modified(GM)food.
◆单句填空
②I have never read a　better????(good) book than this.
③No other building is　as/so????grand as the new hotel.◆一句多译
汤姆是他班上最聪明的学生。
④Tom is more intelligent than　any other???? student in his class.
⑤Tom is more intelligent than　any of????the other students in his class.
⑥Tom is more intelligent than all　the other????students in his class.
⑦Tom is more intelligent than anyone　else????in his class.
⑧　No one????is as intelligent as Tom in his class.
⑨　No one????is more intelligent than Tom in his class.⑩Tom is　the most????intelligent student in his class.
点拨
nowhere...truer...意为“没有比这更正确的了(这是最正确的)”。此处是否定词和比较级连用表达最高级的意义。[联想]
最高级意义的多种表达法:
(1)比较级+than+?
(2)否定词+so/as+形容词(副词)原级+as
(3)否定词+形容词(副词)比较级(+than)
(4)the+形容词(副词)最高级3.while引导让步状语从句
教材原句
①　While???? cloning human embryos is not legal in many countries,some scientists are already pushing ahead with research in order to produce a cloned human baby.◆语境释义(写出下列各句中while的含义)
②Some children lived with an old lady in a shelter while others slept in the streets.　而,然而????
③While online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.　虽然,尽管????
④While Cathy was watching the Olympics, a dream came into her head—to be a swimmer.　当……时????
◆完成句子
⑤看着炉子上炖着的牛肉,妈妈想象着一家人在一起吃饭的画面。
　When/While looking at　????the beef being cooked on the stove,the mother pictured the whole family having meals together.
⑥外出旅游时务必注意保护环境,为他人着想。
Be sure to pay attention to protecting the environment and think of others　when/while traveling????.
点拨
[联想]
while作连词, 还有以下用法:
(1)while作并列连词,意为“然而, 而”,强调前后两种情况的对比。此时,while一般位于句中。
(2)while用作从属连词, 引导时间状语从句, 意为“当……的时候”, 此时主从句的谓语动作同时发生, 从句谓语动词通常是延续性动词或表状态的词。
while作为名词时,常构成以下搭配:
all the while始终,一直
for a while一段时间;一会儿
once in a while偶尔,间或[辨析]
while,although/though和as