译林版英语Module 6　Unit 3　Understanding each other 知识点课件44张

课件44张PPT。
Module 6　Unit 3　Understanding each other
1.congratulate vt.向(某人)道贺,祝贺
教材原句
①During the ceremony, the hen laid an egg, and everyone 　congratulated???
(congratulate) the new couple because it was considered very lucky.◆单句填空
②“　Congratulations???? (Congratulate)! But I think someone was mis-taken,” Dennis responded.(2018课标全国Ⅲ)
③I congratulate　myself????(I) on having chosen a good woman to be my wife.
◆单句改错
④Thank you for your letter conveying congratulation on my appointment.　congratulation→congratulations????
⑤You can congratulate you on having done an excellent job.
第二个you→yourself
◆一句多译
祝贺中国女子排球队(the Chinese women volleyball team)在奥运会上的胜利!
⑥　Congratulate???? the Chinese women volleyball team 　on???? their vic-tory in the Olympic Games!(congratulate v.)
⑦　Congratulations to???? the Chinese women volleyball team on their vic-tory in the Olympic Games!(congratulation n.)点拨
congratulate sb. on(doing)sth.就(做了)某事向某人祝贺
congratulate oneself on(为成就或成功)感到自豪;感到高兴
congratulation n.祝贺;恭喜
congratulations to sb. on sth.祝贺某人某事
Congratulations!恭喜!
[辨析]
congratulate和celebrate[点津]
congratulate后只能跟人作宾语;后跟介词on,表示祝贺的原因。congratu-late后不接带不定式的复合结构或that从句。
2.permit vt.& vi.允许,准许 n.许可证
教材原句
①Another difference is that while we serve food,soft drinks,tea and coffee,alcohol is not　permitted???? (permit) at the wedding reception—in fact,al-cohol is altogether prohibited in Brunei.点拨
permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事
permit sb. sth.允许某人做某事
permit sth./doing sth.允许某事/做某事
permit sb.+adv./prep.短语 允许某人……
permit of容许(常用于否定句)
[联想]
permission n.允许,许可ask for permission请求许可
with/without one's permission得到/未得到某人的允许/同意
[点津]
permit充当名词时为可数名词,意为“许可证”。permission为不可数名词,意为“许可”。3.adjust vi.& vt.适应,习惯;调整,调节
教材原句
①It's quite funny watching the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to
doing???? ( do) that.
◆单句填空
②They should adjust their websites 　to???? the needs of younger users.(2018江苏)
③With the continuous changes of the job market,I made　adjustments????(adjust) to my job expectations time and again.
④You should adjust 　yourself/yourselves???? (you) to the new living ways.◆一句多译
⑤你要遵循当地的风俗,这有助于你快速适应那里的生活。
You should follow the local customs and　it will help you adjust to????the life there soon.
=You should follow the local customs,　which will help you adjust to the life there soon????(使用定语从句)
=You should follow the local customs,　helping you adjust to the life there soon???? .(使用现在分词作结果状语)点拨
adjust to sth./doing sth. 适应某事物/做某事
adjust oneself to使自己适应……
adjust sth. to sth.调整……以适应……
adjustment n.调整;调节;适应adjustable adj.可调整的
make an adjustment/adjustments to对……作出调整
[点津]
adjust(oneself)to中的to为介词,后跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语。4.accustomed adj.习惯于;惯常的
教材原句
①Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed 　to???? it.
◆单句填空
②They find themselves working to support the lifestyle to which they have so quickly become　accustomed????(accustom).
③Growing up in the country,he is accustomed to　getting????(get) up early.
④Not　accustomed????(accustom) to staying up so late at night,she has to work extra hours in daytime.
⑤I am not used to　getting????(get) up early.◆句型转换
⑥We had to get used to the new working conditions.
→We had to　accustom ourselves to/get/become/grow/be accustomed to???
the new working conditions.点拨
get/become/grow/be accustomed/used to(doing)sth. 习惯于(做)某事
accustom vt.使习惯于
accustom sb./oneself to(doing)sth.使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事
[点津]
be accustomed to表示状态;become/get/grow accustomed to表示非延续的动作。
5.account n.[C]描述,叙述;解释,说明;账户 vt.认为是 vi.解释;占
教材原句
①You will have the chance to join one of these large assemblies and take part in the dancing, listen to traditional 　accounts???? (account)of bravery, and play games.◆单句填空
②China accounts 　for???? about 30 percent of total global fertilizer con-sumption.(2018课标全国Ⅱ)
③　On????no account should you tell him,for it's a secret.
◆句型转换
④I will give up whatever difficulty I meet with on no account.(把on no account置于句首改写)
→　On no account will I give up????whatever difficulty I meet with.◆一句多译
⑤由于下大雨,我们不得不推迟运动会。
We had to put off the sports meeting　on account of the heavy rain???? .(使用介词短语)
We had to put off the sports meeting　because it rained heavily????.(使用原因状语从句)⑥我希望你能考虑我的建议。
I hope you will
a:take my suggestion into account .
b:take my suggestion into consideration.
c:take account of/consider my suggestion.点拨
a range of一系列……
beyond/out of one's range/the range of sb.超出某人的范围
in/within range of在……范围之内
range from...to...从……到……变化
range between...and...在……和……之间变化6.prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止,阻止
教材原句
①...alcohol is altogether　prohibited???? (prohibit) in Brunei.
◆单句填空
②The bags 　are prohibited????(prohibit) in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles.(2018浙江)
③It seems that local laws prohibit 　building???? (build) near the parks.
④Federal law prohibits foreign airlines from??? owning more than
25% of any U.S. airline.◆巧学活用(用prohibit,ban和forbid的正确形式填空)
⑤The high cost of equipment　forbids????many people from taking up this
sport.
⑥He　was banned????from driving for six months.
⑦The gas station　forbids????all drivers to smoke there.点拨
prohibit(doing)sth. 禁止(做)某事
? 禁止某人做某事
[辨析]
prohibit,ban和forbid
1.let alone 更不用说
教材原句
①In his youth, however, he never left his home town, let alone travelled??
(travel) to another country, because he had to work to support his family. ◆单句填空
②We have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans,
　let alone???? (更不用说)super intelligent machines.(2018北京)
③She let　out????a scream of terror at the sight of the dog.
④He let his wife　down????when he failed to obtain promotion.

◆一句多译
⑤我连学费都支付不起,更别说买一台新电脑了。
I can't afford to pay my school fees, 　let alone???? buy a new computer.
=I can't afford to pay my school fees, 　to say nothing of????buying a new computer.点拨
leave/let sb. alone 不打扰某人,不去烦某人
leave/let sth. alone 不要碰某物;不改变某事物
let alone“更不用说”,相当于一个插入语,但其后所接的词的形式要求与前面的平行一致,一般用于否定句之后。其同义短语是not to mention, to say nothing of。
[联想]
let sb. down 不能帮助;使失望
let out 发出;放大
2.take up 占据(时间或空间等);开始从事;继续;拿起;接受
教材原句
①I have no idea what he will do with them all, and it took 　up???? a lot of time.◆语境释义(写出下列句子中take up的含义)
②We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all taken up.　占据????
③She took up the story where Tim had left off.　继续????
④I always take up the book and read when I am in my low spirits.　拿起??
⑤Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing?　接受????
⑥Peter will take up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.　开始从事????◆完成句子
⑦She　picked up????(无意中学会)Spanish when she was living in Mexico.
⑧He left her to　bring up????(养育)three young children on her own. 点拨
take over接管,接任
take sb. apart(比赛中)把……打得一败涂地
take sth. apart拆卸某物
take down记下;拆下
take on呈现;承担;雇用
take in收留,理解;欺骗
make up 编造;组成;化妆take off脱下;休假
take away拿走,带走
bring up 教养;养育;提出;呕吐
pick up 捡起;拾起;搭载;好转;无意中学会;接收
stay up 熬夜it作形式宾语
教材原句
①They dislike 　it???? when people do not look at the cards, so remember not to just put them in your pocket without looking.
◆单句改错
②I would really appreciate if you lent all your notes to me before the ex-am.　appreciate后加it????③He found it useless/no use argue with him.　argue→arguing????
④I take it what they will succeed sooner or later.　what→that????◆完成句子
⑤我希望星期天不早起。
I'd prefer　it????if I didn't have to get up early on Sundays.
⑥如果你可以告诉我到市中心的路,我会非常感激。
I would　appreciate it???? if you could show me the way downtown.
⑦我将保证一切及时准备就绪。
I'll　see to it that????everything is ready in time.
点拨
本句中it在句中的用法为形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面when引导的从句。
英语中,某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词,如like,enjoy,love,hate等,往往不能直接接宾语从句,而是常用it作形式宾语,将真正的宾语从句放在句尾。
[点津]
注意it用作形式宾语的四个常用句式:
(1)动词+it+that从句
能用于此结构的动词常见的有have,take,put,like 等。
(2)动词+it+when(if)从句
能用于此结构的动词常见的有 enjoy,hate,love,like,dislike,appreciate,pre-fer等。(3)动词+介词+it+that从句
能用于此结构的动词常见的有see,look,insist,stick,depend,answer等。
(4)动词+it+介词短语+that从句
能用于此结构的动词常见的有take,bring,owe等。