(共40张PPT)
Lesson 1
英语的句子是怎样构成的？
A B C D E F G H
1 3 T 8 T 12 8 10 1
2 1 T 4 T 5 7 6 3
3 9 9 2 8 T 2 5 5
4 5 7 5 9 7 T T 7
5 6 T T 6 3 T 6 8
6 T 8 11 4 T 5 5 T
7 T 10 T 1 7 8 1
Today's weather is good.
今天的天气很好。
It's a nice day today.
What a nice day it is today!
The weather is nice today.
X
句子核心：主语+谓语动词
动词
细节描述：who, what, when,
where, whose, how…
The girl
cried
X
The girl .
is cried
只能有一个谓语动词
主语(what/who)
+
谓语动词
She
was
主语(what/who)
+
系动词(be)
表语(how/what)
+
sick.
I
see
主语(what/who)
+
谓语动词
a bird.
宾语(what/whom)
+
She
gave
主语(what/who)
+
谓语动词
双宾语(whom/what)
+
me
a book.
间接宾语
直接宾语
Her parents
named
主语(what/who)
+
谓语动词
宾语(what/whom)
+
her
Sophia.
+
补语(how/what)
I went to school by bus yesterday.
I have been in China for three years.
who
where
how
when
where
how long
what
主(who/what)+谓语动词
主(who/what)+系(be)+表(how/ what)
主(who/what)+谓语动词+宾语(what/whom)
主(who/what)+谓语动词+双宾语(what/whom)
主(who/what)+谓语动词+宾语(what/whom)+补语(how/ what)
练一练
birds
fly
many
in the sky
beautiful
every day
birds fly
many birds fly
many birds fly in the sky
many beautiful birds fly in the sky
Many beautiful birds fly in the sky every day.
city
move
my friend
best
another
soon
move to city
my friend moves to city
my best friend moves to city
my best friend moves to another city
My best friend will move to another city soon.
pictures
be on display
my
art gallery
tomorrow
pictures are on display
my pictures are on display
my pictures are on display at the art gallery
My pictures will be on display at the art gallery tomorrow.
a book
buy
she
interesting
me
buy a book
she buys a book
she buys an interesting book
She bought me an interesting book yesterday.
she buys me an interesting book
yesterday
in the west.
找主干：
The sun
rises
in the east
and
sets
主
谓
at the station.
找主干：
She
got up
very early
to meet
her parents
主
谓
找主干：
The injured
survivors
were sent
to the hospital immediately.
主
谓
from the fire
找主干：
Jack and his wife
are watching
an exciting
TV
主
谓
programme.
宾
last night.
找主干：
He
told
us
the result
主
谓
宾
练一练
肯定句
否定句
疑问句
She
is
a good girl.
她是个好女孩。
她是个好女孩吗？
Is
she
a good girl?
be动词放句首
她不是个好女孩。
She
is not
a good girl.
be+not
Yes, she is.
No, she isn’t.
Sarah
will
retire.
Sarah将要退休。
Sarah将要退休吗？
Will
Sarah
retire?
情态动词放句首
Sarah不会退休的。
Sarah
will not
retire.
情态动词+not
Yes, she will.
No, she won’t.
He
can
swim.
他会游泳。
他会游泳吗？
Can
he
swim?
情态动词放句首
他不会游泳。
He
can not
swim.
情态动词+not
Yes, he can.
No, he can't.
He
has
been there before.
他之前去过那儿。
他之前去过那儿吗？
Has
he
been there before?
完成时中has/have/had放句首
他之前没去过那儿。
He
has not
been there before.
has/have/had+not
Yes, he has.
No, he hasn't.
He
plays
football.
他踢足球。
他踢足球吗？
Does
he
football?
do/does/did
放句首
play
动词变回原形
他不踢足球。
He
does not
football.
play
do/does/did+not+动词原形
Yes, he does.
No, he doesn't.
be动词(am/is/are/was/were)
情态动词(can/must/may…)
have/has/had(完成时)
do/does/did
疑问句中需要提前的：
be动词(am/is/are/was/were)
情态动词(can/must/may…)
have/has/had(完成时)
do/does/did
否定句中+not：
+not
+not
+not
+not
She
went shopping
yesterday.
她昨天去购物了。
变否定：
didn't go shopping
She
yesterday.
变疑问：
Did
go shopping
she
yesterday?
对yesterday
提问：
did
go shopping
she
yesterday?
When
The birds
对over the building提问：
are
flying?
the birds
Where
鸟儿们正在楼顶盘旋。
are flying
over the building.
The poor
went mad.
old man
那个可怜的老人疯了。
对the poor old man提问：
went mad?
Who
对主语提问，不用加do/does/did
练一练
简单句
He was watching TV
when
I came in.
简单句
= 复合句
+
1
1
=1
+
be young
Tom is very young
go to school
Tom太小了，所以还不能去上学。
can't go to school
Tom is very young
so
he can't go to school.
turn in
turn in your papers
check
在交卷前要检查你的答案。
check all your answers
Check all your answers
before
you turn in your papers.
be young
he is very young
know
尽管他很年轻，但是他对电脑懂的很多。
he knows a lot
Though
he knows a lot about computer.
he knows a lot about computer
he is very young,
练一练
Thanks for listening.
语法集训讲义
Lesson1 英语句子是怎样构成的？
五种句子结构：
主(who/what)+谓语动词
主(who/what)+系动词(be动词)+表(how/ what)
主(Who/what)+谓语动词+宾语(what/whom)
主(what/who)+谓语动词+双宾语(what/whom)
主(what/ who)+谓语动词+宾语(what/whom)+补语(how/ what)
写出下列句子中的各成分，并用who/what/whom/how/where/when替换划线部分。
The girl cried.
She was sick.
I see a bird.
She gave me a book.
Her parents named her Sophia.
根据所给的关键词试着写出完整的句子。
1.fly/ birds/ many/ in the sky/ beautiful/ every day
__________________________________________
move/ city/ my friend/ best/ another/ soon
_________________________________________
buy/ a boot/ she/ interesting/ me/ yesterday
__________________________________________
请找出句子中的主干部分。
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
主语：
谓语：
She got up very early to meet her parents at the station.
主语：
谓语：
The injured survivors from the fire were sent to the hospital immediately.
主语：
谓语：
Jack and his wife are watching an exciting TV program..
主语：
谓语：
宾语：
He told us the result last night.
主语：
谓语：
宾语：
肯定句 否定句 疑问句
肯定句：She is a good girl.
否定句：She is not a good girl.
疑问句：Is she a good girl?
否定形式：
be动词(am/is/are/was/were)+not
情态动词(can/must/may…)+not
have/has/had(完成时)+not
do/does/did+ not
疑问形式：（提到句子前的）
be动词(am/is/are/was/were)
情态动词(can/must/may…)
have/has/had(完成时)
do/does/did
一般疑问句（Yes/No Question）
一般疑问句的回答，有哪些特点？
特殊疑问句 （Wh-question）= 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
*Who提问直接替换主语
7个W是：
How的问题是：
根据要求写出句子。
Sarah will retire.(写出一般疑问句和否定句）
______________________
______________________
He can not swim.(写出肯定句并写出一般疑问句）
______________________
______________________
He has been there before.(写出否定句）
______________________________
He plays football.（改成一般疑问句）
_____________________________________
The birds are flying over the building.（对划线部分提问）
______________________________________
The poor old man went mad.（对划线部分提问）
__________________________________
简单句+简单句=复合句 （1+1=1）
例句：He was watching TV when I came in.
根据括号所给的关键词将下面的句子合成一句话。
Tom is very young. He can't go to school.（and）
____________________________________
Check all your answers. You turn in your papers. (before)
____________________________________
He is very young. He knows a lot about computer. (though)
______________________________________
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