北师大版高中英语模块8 Unit 24 Society 话题语言应用---社会

话题语言应用——社会
语言积累
交际用语
提出建议（Making suggestions）
What/How about…？ ……怎么样？
Why don’t you do…？ 你为什么不做某事呢？
Why not do …？ 为什么不做某事呢？
You’d better do… 你最好做某事。
I suggest that you（should）do… 我建议你做某事。
I wish they’d… 我希望他们会……
It’d be a good idea that if… 如果……会是个好主意。
I think it’d be good if… 我想如果……会很好。
对建议的应答（Reacting to suggestions）
That’s a good idea. 那是一个好主意。
Surely, it’d be better to do... 当然，做某事更好。
Yes, let’s do that. 好吧，我们那样做吧。
It’s quite big, but I don’t see why we have to build it near here.
太大了，但是我不明白我们为什么必须把它建在这儿附近。
Don’t you think it would be better…? 你不认为……会更好吗？
How come？怎么回事？怎么会？
话题语句（1）
有关社会问题（About social problems）
racial discrimination 种族歧视 drug 毒品，药物 homelessness 无家可归
begging 乞讨 unemployment 失业 poverty 贫穷
violent crime 暴力犯罪 domestic violence 家庭暴力 inequality 不平等
abortion 流产
有关社会（About society）
average income 平均收入 life expectancy 预期寿命 pension 退休金，养老金
an ageing society 老龄化社会 birthrate 出生率 one-child policy 独生子女政策
medical expenses 医药费用
slow population growth 缓解人口增长 full-time further education 全日制进修
establish a sound social security system 建立一套完善的社会保障体系
crime 犯罪 robbery 抢劫案 drug dealing 毒品交易
shoplifting 商店行窃 theft 偷窃 break in 入室抢劫
murder 谋杀 rape 强奸
rob sb./a place of sth. 抢了某人/某处的某物
steal sb.’s sth./ steal sth. from sb./ a place 偷了某人的某物
criminal 罪犯 murderer 谋杀犯 robber 强盗
drug dealer 贩毒分子 victim 受害者
punishment 惩罚 the death penalty 死刑 fine 罚款
prison sentence 监禁 life sentence 无期徒刑
soft/ hard sentences 宽大的/严厉的刑罚
sentence sb. to 判处某人……
有关花钱（About spending）
consumer society消费者社会 spending circle 消费圈
globe trade 世界贸易 deposit 储蓄，存款
earn money 挣钱 govern 统治，管理
put our signatures on credit cards 在信用卡上签字 accumulate possession 积累财富
a growing resistance to 对……越来越多的抵制 designer clothes 名牌服装
a shortened working week 减少了的工作时间 taxpayer 纳税人
better off 更富有，更走运 advertising 做广告
stress and lack of time 压力与缺少时间 free time 闲暇时间
话题语句（2）
Thomas More (1478—1535) 托马斯·莫尔
He was —
a prose (散文) writer in the English Renaissance (文艺复兴).
one of the best representatives of the English humanists (人文主义者).
a learned scholar, an expert of Latin.
a forceful (有说服力的) talker, a lover of music.
an honest statesman (政治家), a man of nobility.
a lover of nature and mankind.
a forerunner (先驱) of socialist (社会主义的) theory.
More’s Utopia莫尔的《乌托邦》
More’s masterpiece (名作).
written in the form of a conversation between a returned and experienced voyager, and More himself.
Two parts: Utopia, Book One; Utopia, Book Two.
What is Utopia about?
1. A detailed description of the social condition of England.
2. A detailed presentation of an ideal communist (共产主义的) society of Utopia, a Greek word, with the meaning of “No Place”.
Utopia, Book One
1. What are the social conditions of England?
The poverty among the poor;
The greed (贪婪) and luxury (奢侈) among the rich;
The suffering of the peasants for the enclosure (圈地) movement.
2. So, More was one of the first to see the relation between wealth and poverty to understand the rich were becoming rich by “robbing” the poor.
More points out that the root of poverty is the private ownership of social wealth.
Utopia, Book Two, an ideal society
1. More solved the problem of the separation of town and country by co-operation between them.
2. More emphasized the importance of labor for every member of the Utopian society. And the Utopians spent their spare time in study of literature, art and science.
3. More insists on a maximum working day of six hours ,which ensures the provision (供应) of all necessaries.
4. More understood that the principle “From everyone according to his capacities to everyone according to his needs. (各尽所能，按需分配)” is the only practical basis (基本原则) for a communist society.
话题语句（3）
有用的句子-----试试你会了吗？
1. 作为一个社会，这该是我们更加严肃地对待这些问题的时候了。
As a society, it’s high time that we ________________.
2. 我们应该坚持对广告采取更多的控制，尤其是控制那些针对孩子们的广告。
We should insist that advertising is _______, especially advertising ________ children.
3. 从个人角度来说，我们应该少逛商店，不要那么在意自己的形象。
__________, we ought to visit the shops less and worry less about _____.
4. 当然我们仍旧比那些穿着破烂衣衫，睡在大街上或者空置房屋的人的生活要好得多……Surely we’re still _______ than those who wear _____ and sleep on the streets or in ______ buildings ...
5. 我在交通阻塞中耽搁了二十分钟……
I was _______ for twenty minutes in a _______...
6. 但老师认为我是在编造借口。
But the teacher thought I was _____________.
7. 胡同不仅联通了北京的街道和社区……
The hutongs not only _______ Beijing’s streets and _______ after all…
8. 我认为我们这个国家应该恢复一些更加严厉的刑罚。
I think we should _____________ in this country.
9. 北京的胡同大部分建于13到19世纪的元、明、清三个朝代。
The ______ of Beijing’s hutongs were built between the 13th and 19th ______ during the Yuan, Ming and Qing _______.
10. 胡同的条件得到了很大的改善，政府对很多早期的胡同进行了修缮和保护。
______ improved _________ and the government undertook the _______ of many of the oldest hutongs.
参考答案：
1. took these issues (问题) more seriously (take sth. seriously 严肃对待)
2. more controlled; aimed at (aim at 瞄准，针对，计划)
3. On a personal level; image
4. better off; rags; vacant
5. held up (hold up 耽搁); traffic jam
6. making up (编造) excuse
7. link; communities
8. bring back (恢复) much harder sentences
9. majority; centuries; Dynasties
10. Conditions; a great deal; preservation
写作运用
写正式文体的议论文
议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。作者通过摆事实、讲道理、辩是非，以确定其观点的正确或错误，树立或否定某种主张。议论文应该观点明确，论据充分，语言精练，论证合理，有严密的逻辑性。议论文在高考中常以图表、提纲或图画的形式出现。写此类作文时可采用三段式，即：
1．第一段根据图表、提纲或图画等提出问题。
2．第二段阐明正、反方观点。
3．第三段阐明个人观点。
常用词语
各种连接词
1. all in all (总而言之), in short (简而言之), in conclusion (总之), as a consequence (结果), consequently (所以，因此)
2. on the contrary (相反，反而), on the other hand (在另一方面)
3. in my opinion (在我看来), personally (就个人而言)
4. furthermore (此外，而且), besides (而且，此外), as well (也), in addition (另外，除此之外), moreover (而且), also
5. to begin with (首先，起初), firstly/first (第一) , last but not the least (最后但并非最不重要的)
6. surely (无疑), undoubtedly (无疑), obviously (明显地), clearly (显然), definitely (当然，明确地)
7. generally (一般地), worse still (更糟的是), for the sake of (为了)
常用句式
The main reason is that ... I can’t agree more. 主要原因是…… 我非常同意。
Another thing we can’t forget is that ... 我不同意的另一方面是……
There is every reason to believe that ... 有充分理由相信……
As we all know, ... 我们都知道……
写作范文
Example 1
假设你将参加某英语杂志社开展的一次征文活动，征文的内容要求你在电视、手机（cell）和网络三者中，放弃其中一个并陈述理由。请你以“Which would you give up: TV, cell, or Web？”为题，写一篇英语短文。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
Which would you give up: TV, cell, or Web?
We are now living in an information age, in which TV, cells and the Web are widely used. It seems that many people cannot enjoy themselves without them.
However, if I had to give up one of them, I would turn off the TV rather than switch off my cell or cut off the Internet. I could do without TV because few shows take my fancy (爱好) and there’re too many commercials (商业的，广告). Besides, most programs on TV are also available elsewhere.
As for cells and the Web, they are more necessary for me. I need a cell to keep in touch with my friends and family, and almost all information can be gathered on the Internet.
Example 2
假设你是李华，最近国内一家英文报纸正在讨论北京动物园是否应迁出市区。以下是你所在班级讨论的情况，请你给该报写一封信，反映讨论结果。
赞成迁出
反对迁出
1.游客多，交通堵塞
2.郊区环境好
1.建于1906年，中外闻名
2.搬迁易造成动物死亡
注意：1.词数120左右；
2．可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．参考词汇：郊区suburb
参考范文：
Dear Editor,
Recently our class has had a heated discussion about whether Beijing Zoo should be moved out of the city.
Some of my classmates are in favour of the move. They say large crowds of tourists to the zoo will result in the traffic jams. They also say that once moved, animals will have more space and better living conditions in the suburbs.
However, other students are against the idea, saying that Beijing Zoo, built in 1906, has a history of more than 100 years, and is well-known at home and abroad. So it should not be moved. What’s more, moving may cause the death of animals.
To move or not, this is a big decision which has to be done by people in Beijing.
In my opinion, it isn’t necessary to move the zoo. It will cost a lot of money, and furthermore, it is part of the city, which witnesses the history of the old city.
Yours，
Li Hua
Example 3
近年来，禽流感频发，一些国家在疫区大肆捕杀鸟类。对此，你们班召开了主题班会，讨论结果如下：
赞成捕杀者认为
反对捕杀者认为
你的态度
1.防止病毒扩散、威胁人类健康
2.疫区扩大，不容易控制
1.捕杀鸟类，不公平，太残忍
2.应尽快找到疫苗
？
注意：1.为使行文流畅，应适当增加细节，不能逐条翻译；
2．词数：120左右；
3．参考词汇：禽流感bird flu；家禽poultry；病毒virus；疫苗vaccine。
参考范文：
In recent years, bird flu has frequently broken out in many countries and some of them have killed birds on a large scale in affected areas. In view of this action, our class have held a meeting to have a discussion about whether to kill them or not.
Some think it is necessary to kill all the birds. At present it is a good way to prevent the deadly virus from spreading and harming people’s health. The more the virus spreads to, the more difficult it is to conquer. However, others think it is unfair and awfully cruel to do so just for the benefit of human beings. Finding the vaccine as soon as possible is the most important thing.
As far as I’m concerned, catching and killing birds is not necessary. It may cause the birds to die out. After all, birds are friends to us human beings.
巩固练习
一、单项选择
1. —Let’s go for a walk in the garden.
—________，but I need to do the washing-up.
A. No，thank you B. That’s right C. Good idea D. Not at all
2. —It’s a long time since I saw my sister.
—_______ her this weekend?
A. Why not visit B. Why not to visit C. Why not visiting D. Why don’t visit
3. The snow has ________ to a depth of five feet, so it is very dangerous for you to drive out.
A．collected B．gathered C．accumulated D．improved
4. We shouldn’t complain about being poor — many families are ________ than we are.
A．worse off B．badly off C．well off D．better off
5. It’s high time we ________ cutting down the rainforests.
A．stopped B．would stop C．shall stop D．stop
6. The agricultural tax was ________ in order to reduce the burden of farmers and encourage their enthusiasm of farming.
A．established B．replaced C．abolished D．deleted
7. The incomes of skilled workers went up.________, unskilled workers saw their earnings fall.
A．Moreover B．Therefore C．Meanwhile D．Otherwise
8. The heavy rain lasted five days in a row and ________the farmland was flooded.
A．continuously B．constantly C．consistently D．consequently
9. —I don’t think I’ll be able to go mountain climbing tomorrow.
—______？
A．And how B．How come C．How’s it going D．How about it
10. The composition is not well written, and ______ , there are many spelling mistakes in it.
A. moreover B. therefore C. yet D. otherwise
11. In Britain the Queen reigns(当政), but elected representatives of the people ________ the country.
A. govern B. influence C. guide D. order
12. The murderer was finally caught and received the punishment of ________to life imprisonment.
A．sentencing B．sentenced C．having been sentenced D．being sentenced
13. On one hand you have accepted the invitation; ________，you’re not going to join them. I don’t think it right for you to do so.
A．besides B．on the other hand C．the other D．otherwise
14. Yesterday the thief _____ the local bank ______ lots of money.
A. robbed; of B. stole; from C. robbed; from D. stole; of
15. The police had to ____ the traffic for an hour due to a train accident.
A. do up B. hold up C. set up D. make up
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从下面各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
The Ministry of Education has spared no efforts to bring on IT learning. What is its main aim? Is it to teach students how to learn the computer or is it meant to change the usual method of teaching in order to 1 students’ strong interest in computers?
Teaching students computer knowledge and skills is different 2 giving class lessons through the use of computers. And schools are beginning to pay much attention to using computers to teach students. There is 3 about the fact that IT learning plays an important role as a new teaching tool in this day of technology. 4 , views differ on whether the schools can achieve their targets, as success 5 whether they can make use of computers effectively.
Let’s take the subject of Chinese as an example and see 6 difficulties the experts face in their IT management. At present, 20 percent of lessons are given with the help of computers. In other words, in a period of 10 weeks, a Chinese-language teacher must spend two weeks to teach the subject 7 . In carrying out such a major policy as IT learning, the experts should know 8 that different teachers teaching different subjects have different demands, thus making it 9 to see the policy through.
Some teachers, having already got some computer knowledge, will still be forced to 10 the training courses with those who have zero knowledge about computer.
Another problem is that new teachers may be sent to work in schools 11 IT learning has just started. All teachers — including the seniors who are very 12 in teaching, who suddenly have no idea what to do when it comes to computers, will have to 13 from the very beginning. They will become 14 and their teaching performances may be badly affected.
The experts have found out how much of each subject is taught by computers in every school, and have 15 all school to complete the given work. A hard-pressed teacher may put the daily teaching 16 or the courses onto the computer just to order the required time for IT learning and then 17 the usual way. Furthermore, he may leave school work to his 18 through the computer before class comes to an end in order to “complete” his IT learning 19 . 20 the teaching of the Chinese language is concerned, do computer lessons really achieve the desire goals to raise the students’ level of Chinese, pass on common values and so on? I am not so sure.
1. A. show B. be C. match D. have
2. A. with B. as C. in D. from
3. A. no reason B. no doubt C. no need D. no time
4. A. However B. Therefore C. And D. So
5. A. depends on B. leads to C. results in D. believes in
6. A. that B. such C. what D. how
7. A. the usual way B. the regular way C. the best way D. the new way
8. A. the fact B. the message C. the news D. the truth
9. A. easy B. helpful C. hard D. fast
10. A. sit for B. run for C. give D. attend
11. A. for which B. that C. where D. which
12. A. interested B. satisfied C. successful D. experienced
13. A. work B. start C. teach D. manage
14. A. pleased B. disappointed C. certain D. comfortable
15. A. ordered B. improved C. encouraged D. instructed
16. A. methods B. skills C. programs D. performances
17. A. make a living B. give lessons C. go to lectures D. does work
18. A. workmates B. headmasters C. instructors D. students
19. A. skills B. experiences C. duties D. methods
20. A. As B. So long as C. Even though D. As far as
三、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每一小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
EVERYBODY in this world is different from one another. But do you know that understanding differences can help you better manage your money?
As we grow up，we gradually develop a set of our own values or beliefs. These are influenced by society，our family，the education we receive and so on. Once this value system is set up，it’s not easy to change later in life.
Financial experts say that everyone also has their own belief of how to manage their finances. This is part of our value system and it has a great impact on the way we look after our money.
According to our different values，experts put us in three categories. They are：the ant，the cricket and the snail.
◆The ant—works first
Just like ants who work heart and soul in summer in order to store food for winter，these people don’t care about enjoying the moment. They work very hard and save money they earn so that they can enjoy life when they get old and retire. The ant loves to save but they could make more out of their money if they were willing to invest in some funds and stocks with low risk.
◆The cricket—fun first
The cricket wants to enjoy everything now and doesn’t think too much about the future. They even borrow money when they really want something. Many young people now belong to this group. These people have little savings. When they get old，they might have problems. They should learn to save and buy insurance.
◆The snail—lives under pressure
The snail refers to people who make life difficult for themselves. They take big long-term loans from the bank in order to buy things such as luxury houses. They are happy to take big loans even though they are not sure whether they can afford it. This can cause problems in the future. They should plan more carefully.
1．People with the character of the snail would like to __________.
A．enjoy life at the moment without thinking much about the future
B．put work before everything else
C．live a luxury life at all costs
D．take the risk of investing a large sum of money
2．Our beliefs and values are affected by the following except __________.
A．society B．our family C．education D．money
3．This passage mainly talks about __________.
A．the spending nature of people
B．the relation between man and insects
C．the insects in nature
D．the problems with dealing with money
4．Which of the following has the character that the author prefers?
A．The ant. B．The cricket. C．The snail. D．None of the above.
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在标有1～10的空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
（1）
One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he ___1___ (find) that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much ___2___ too little.”
His son looked surprised. “I can understand why I shouldn’t pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less, ___3___ not save a bit of money?”
“That would be a very ___4___ (reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said.
Nick’s guests, ___5___ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied, “The only reason a man would sell salt6 a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect ___7___ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”
“But such a small thing couldn’t ___8___ (possible) destroy a village.”
“In the beginning, there was only ___9___ very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always ___10___ (think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.”
（2）
A man spoke with the Lord about heaven and hell. The Lord said to the man, “Come, I will show you hell.” They entered a room ___1___ a group of people sat around a huge pot of meat. Everyone was skinny, desperate and starving. Each ___2___(hold) a spoon that could reach the pot, but each spoon had a handle so much longer ___3___ their own arms ___4___ it could not be used to get the stew into their own mouths. The suffering was terrible.
“Come, now I will show you ___5___.” The Lord said after a while. They entered another room, similar ___6___ the first—the pot of meat, the group of people, the same long-handle spoons. ___7___ there everyone was happy, healthy and satisfied.
“I don’t understand,” said the man. “___8___ are they happy here when they were miserable in the other room and everything was the ___9___?” The Lord smiled. “Ah, it is simple,” he said. “Here they have learned to feed each ___10___.”
五、书面表达
目前,越来越多的中学生利用周末上各种各样的培训班或请家教。对于这一现象,存在两种不同观点:
有些人认为有必要
另一些人认为没有必要
有老师辅导比自己学好
有更多机会和老师互动
可以弥补上课错过或没听懂的东西
容易养成依赖习惯
学生需要时间休息和娱乐
导致有的学生在常规课堂上不认真听讲
请根据以上提示，以Are Training Classes or Tutors Necessary为题，写一篇150词左右的短文，反映表中内容，并简要阐述自己的观点，文章开头已给出，不计入总字数。
参考词汇：家庭教师 tutor
要求：层次清晰，连贯流畅；表达灵活，不要逐字逐句翻译。
答案与解析
一、单项选择
1. C。由句意“我们去花园走走吧。”可知，本题考查建议的答语。由“但我需要洗餐具”可知应选C“好主意”。A.不，谢谢你；B.对啊；D.一点儿也不，三项皆不合语境，故排除。
2. A。本题考查提建议的一个固定句型，why not后接动词原形的用法，即：Why not do...?
3. C。句意：雪已经累积到5英尺了，因此你开车出去很危险。accumulate “积累，聚积”，符合题意。collect “收集，收藏”；gather “聚集”；improve “提高，改善”。
4. A。be worse off “更糟糕”；be badly off “糟糕地”；be well off “富有的”；be better off “更富有的”。根据句子前面提到的“我们不应当抱怨贫穷”以及后面的“than”可知选A。
5. A。此题考查“It is high time ...”句型，从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用一般过去时或“should＋动词原形”，should一般不省略。
6. C。句意：农业税被取消了，目的是为了减轻农民负担，鼓励他们种植的热情。abolish“废除”；establish“建立”； replace“代替”；delete“删除”。
7. C。考查副词辨析。句意：熟练工的收入在增加，与此同时，不熟练工人的收入却在下降。句意要求空白处表示“与此同时”，选C项。moreover“再者，而且”；therefore“因此”；otherwise“否则”。
8. D。句意：大雨一连下了五天，结果农田被淹了。continuously“接连不断地”；constantly“不断地”；consistently“一贯地，一致地”；consequently“因此，所以，结果”。根据句意选择D。
9. B。考查情景对话。根据语意“我看我明天不能去爬山了。”“为什么呢？”可知，此处应用How come表示“为什么，怎么会这样”。
10. A。考查副词辨析。moreover“而且, 此外”; therefore“因此, 所以”; yet“然而, 但是”; otherwise“否则”。句意：这篇作文写得不好, 而且还有许多拼写错误。根据句意, A项正确。
11. A。句意：在英国，女王是君主，而治理国家的却是民选的代表。和前面的“reign”信息一致，所以选 govern。其他选项不合句意。
12. D。考查介词。介词后常带名词、动名词或代词作宾语。句意：杀人犯最终被抓获并被判处终身监禁。
13. B。句意：一方面你接受了邀请，另一方面你又不打算加入他们，我认为你这样做不对。on one hand ..., on the other hand ... 一方面……，另一方面……。
14. A。句意：昨天那个盗贼抢劫了当地银行的许多钱。rob sb./a place of sth. 抢了某人/某处的某物；steal sb.’s sth./ steal sth. from sb./ a place 偷了某人的某物。根据搭配，选A。
15. B。句意：因为火车事故，警方不得不使交通车辆耽搁了一个小时。do up整修，打扮；hold up举起，支撑，耽搁；set up建立；make up补足，化妆，编造。
二、完形填空
1. C。match表示“相匹配，适合”，match students’ strong interest in computers意为“适合学生对计算机的非常大的兴趣”。
2. D。be different from/to/than 与……不同；be different in 在某方面不同。
3. B。There is no doubt 毫无疑问。
4. A。However表示转折。句意为：然而，关于学校能否达到他们的目标观点各不相同……
5. A。depends on意为“取决于”。句意：成功取决于他们能否有效地利用电脑。
6. C。difficulties是名词，因此用what修饰；how修饰形容词。句意：……看看在IT管理方面专家们面临着的什么样的困难。
7. D。the new way 用电脑上课，当然是新方法了。
8. A。专家应该知道不同科目的不同老师有不同的要求，专家应该知道这样一个事实。
9. C。由上句知道，因此要把这个政策看透很难。
10. D。attend the training courses参加训练课程。
11. C。where引导定语从句修饰schools，表示“在学校”。
12.D。who are very experienced in teaching, 在教学中很有经验的老师，从前面“the seniors（年长的，资深的）”可知答案。
13.B。在教学中很有经验的老师，也要从头开始（start from the very beginning）。
14. B。他们会感到失望（disappointed），甚至会影响他们的教学。
15. D。专家参与一定是“指导（instructed）”全校完成这个任务。
16. D。教师可能会把教学内容performances或课程输入电脑，programs节目表，程序表，纲领。
17. B。give lessons the usual way，上课时仍采用平常的方式。
18. D。见下题。
19. C。为了完成他的IT学习任务（duties），他可能会把school work（作业）通过电脑留给学生（students）。
20. D。as far as...is concerned 就……而言。
三、阅读理解
这是一篇社会生活类短文。在成长的过程中，我们逐渐形成了一套自己的价值观或者人生理念。你的价值观会影响到你的花钱方式，在理财方面你属于哪一类呢？
1. C。细节理解题。根据不同的理财理念，专家把人们分为三大类：蚂蚁型、蟋蟀型和蜗牛型。根据最后一段对蜗牛型的人的描述“They take big long-term loans from the bank in order to buy things such as luxury houses”可知，蜗牛型的人为了买豪华住房，宁愿选择巨额的长期贷款。故C项正确。
2. D。细节理解题。作者在第二段中提到“These are influenced by society，our family，the education we receive and so on.”，可知这些价值观或信念是在社会、家庭和我们所受到的教育等因素的综合作用下形成的。
3. A。主旨大意题。综观全文可知，本文主要讲述的是人们的价值观和理财观念。
4. A。推理判断题。根据“They should learn to save and buy insurance.”和“They should plan more carefully.”两句可知，作者认为蟋蟀型的人“应当存点钱，买些保险”；蜗牛型的人“应当有一个缜密的计划”，由此可推断作者更喜欢具有蚂蚁型品质的人。
四、语法填空
（1）
1. found。考查时态语态。“invited”用一般过去时。由Suddenly可知，found与其时间一致，用found；
2. nor。考查固定搭配，表示“既不…也不…”，用“neither……nor……”。
3.。考查句意理解。该句“？”告知句子有疑问，前文中出现why提示表示”为什么”之意，用why。
4. reasonable。考查词性转化。“thing”需一个形容词修饰，very也只能修饰形容词，故用reasonable。
5. who。考查定语从句关系代词。从句不完整，指代前面“guests”，指人，用who。
6. at。考查固定介词短语与price搭配，表示“以更低价格”用 at a lower price，故用at。
7. for。考查介词短语搭配。表示“对某事表示尊重”，用show respect for sth.。故用for。
8. possibly。考查词性转化。提示词修饰动词“destroy”，用副词，故用possibly。
9. a。考查冠词。amount为单数可数名词，用a，构成短语a(an)… amount of ……数量的。
10. thinking。考查非谓语做伴随状语。居中有added做谓语，与此同时做着什么事情，故用thinking。
（2）
1. where。空格后为一个定语从句，用以修饰名词room；由于先行词在从句中表地点，用where来引导定语从句。
2. held。根据上下文可知，此句应用一般过去时。
3. than。根据其前的longer可知。
4. that。此处的that与前面的so构成so…that…句式。
5. heaven。根据第一句A man spoke with the Lord about heaven and hell可知，前面看过了hell，所以现在要去看heaven。
6. to。similar to为英语惯用搭配，意为“与……相似”。
7. But。前后意思转折，位于句首用But，注意如用However，后面多加逗号。
8. Why。询问原因，故用why。
9. same。根据上下文可知，此处填same，与前面出现的similar呼应。
10. other。与each构成搭配，feed each other 意为“彼此喂食”。
五、书面表达
More and more middle school students are going to all kinds of training classes or tutors at weekends. There are two different viewpoints about it.
Some think it necessary to do so. Firstly, it’s more effective to study with a teacher’s help than by themselves. Secondly, you can have more chances to communicate with teachers (there is more interaction between students and teachers.). Besides, you can make up for what you miss or fail to understand in classes on weekdays.
Others think it unnecessary. For one thing, students can easily form the habit of dependence. For another, students need time for rest and recreation at weekend. What’s worse, attending training classes or hiring tutors even causes some students not to listen attentively in their regular classes.
In my opinion, whether a training class or tutor is needed just depends. If you are really very weak at or interested in a certain subject, maybe it’s OK for you. But be sure to choose a good and suitable class or teacher, otherwise it would be a waste of time and money.