(共105张PPT)
Unit 6 Earth first
Developing ideas
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词或短语
1. ______(致力, 献身)themselves to ocean conservation
2. set up a natural _______ (保护区)
3. _______ (破损, 损害) large areas of wetland
4. _____ (影响) your decision
5. _____ (采取) new ways
6. ______(减少, 降低) the risk of heart disease
devote
reserve
damage
affect
adopt
reduce
7. without her mother’s __________(允许, 许可)
8. protect animals from _________(灭绝, 绝种)
9. ________(建立, 设立) an organization
10. _________(造成, 促成) to the accident
11. the train’s _______(平均的) speed
12. ______(释放, 排放) carbon dioxide
13. ______(严重的) injuries
permission
extinction
establish
contribute
average
release
severe
Ⅱ. 选词填空
turn off, take into account, break down,
depend on, mistake for
1. _____off the light when you leave the room.
2. It will take many years to ___________the plastic.
3. When you make a budget, you should ____ the
payment ___________.
4. He resembles his brother a lot, so I often _______ him ___ his brother.
5. Success __________what you have done, so try to work hard.
Turn
break down
take
into account
mistake
for
depends on
Ⅰ. 文本整体理解: 理清文章架构
Ⅱ. 文本细节理解: 探寻语篇细节信息
1. Why does the writer write the passage
A. He wants to introduce some new ways to save energy.
B. He wants to correct the false green truths and show really green ones.
C. He wants to call on more people to protect the environment.
D. He wants to explain the importance of energy saving.
2. In the following, which one is not the disadvantage of plastic bags
A. Causing litter.
B. Being treated as food by wild animals.
C. Taking much more time to break down.
D. Using much more energy to produce.
3. Which one is true according to fifth paragraph
A. Leaving a device in stand-by mode is environment-friendly.
B. Older devices use less energy than new ones.
C. Removing the plug from power supply will stop using power.
D. Using electric devices as little as possible is the best way to save energy.
4. Why do people prefer to eat local food
A. Because it can save the energy used to transport.
B. Because it tastes better than the food transported long away.
C. Because its production uses less energy.
D. Because it produces less greenhouse gas.
5. According to the passage, when should you take a shower
A. Anytime you like.
B. When you spend less than 8 minutes in a shower.
C. When your bath is quite large.
D. When you use about 50 litres of water.
答案: 1～5. BDCAB
Ⅲ. 文本素养提升: 阅读技能综合运用
1. 根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句
译文: 这是因为即使它被“关掉”, 电也会继续从装备中泄漏。
2. 根据课文完成短文
We have taken steps to save energy and reduce
waste and (1)________(pollute). However, some of the
green truths are (2)__________(complete)false. Firstly,
(3)_______(make) a paper bag uses much more energy
than a plastic one. So, not only plastic bags, (4)___
also paper bags are bad for environment. Secondly,
pollution
completely
making
but
a device (5)__________ is turned off still uses power.
We should remove the plug from its power supply.
Thirdly, local food needn’t (6)_____________
(transport) long distances, and (7)_____ uses energy
is the production of the food. Finally, it depends
(8)________ the time you spend in the shower and the
size of your bath to take a shower or bath. Therefore,
which/that
be transported
what
on/upon
you’d better (9)_______(short) your shower time.
In a word, it is worth (10)________(think) about the common ideas before we take actions.
shorten
thinking
3. 阅读主题活动
Talk about the following questions in pairs, and find out the best answer.
(1)Which of the“green truths” in the passage amazes you most Why
Devices in stand-by mode still use power amazed me most, because I have never removed the plug from its power before. And I don’t think electricity keeps leaking even we turn “off” the device before reading the article.
(2)What things can you do to save energy in daily life
_______________________________________________
____________________________________________
_____
Taking public transportation, turning off the tap after
using, avoiding disposable cup, chopsticks, and so
on.
【阅读微技巧】
速览文章找寻环保措施, 对比作者提出的真正环保的和现存的环保措施 1. 关注每一段中描述环保的词汇与语句。如, reduce waste and pollution, take a reusable bag, turn off a device等
2. 对比作者提出的真正环保的措施和人们潜意识已存在的措施, 认识到环保过程中的误区
1. devote vt. 致力, 献身, 倾注
*I don’t think we should devote any more time to this question.
我认为我们在这个问题上不应当花费更多的时间了。
*Every effort has been devoted to studying the origin of cancer. 已经做出最大努力来研究癌症的起因。
*We were deeply touched by his devotion to world peace.
他一心为世界和平做贡献, 这使我们深受感动。
【语块积累】
(1)devote oneself/one’s life/money/energy to (doing). . .
把自己/一生/金钱/精力奉献给(用于)……
(2)devoted adj. 挚爱的; 忠实的
be devoted to 忠实于, 专心致力于
(3)devotion n. 深爱; 忠诚; 奉献
【即学活用】语法填空
Mrs White, a _______ (devote) friend of mine, devoted
all her energy __ her career and her ________ (devote)
to children made us vote for her. Finally, she was
promoted to headmistress.
devoted
to
devotion
2. reserve n. 储备(量); 储藏(量); (动植物)保护区;
v. 贮存; 保留; 预订
*Experts advise to set up natural reserve to protect endangered animals.
科学家们建议设立自然保护区来保护濒危动物。
*Say all you know and say it without reserve.
知无不言, 言无不尽。
*Please reserve me a seat at the window.
请给我预订个靠窗的座位。
*I reserve the right to make my own decision.
我保留自己做决定的权利。
【语块积累】
without reserve 毫无保留
in reserve 备用
【即学活用】
(1)The money was being kept _________for their
retirement.
他们把钱存着以备退休后使用。
(2)She told me about the causes of the story
______________.
她将故事的起因毫无保留全都告诉我了。
in reserve
without reserve
3. adopt vt. 采纳; 采用; 收养
*Experienced as he is, he is willing to adopt other’s advice.
尽管他经验丰富, 他也很乐意采纳他人的建议。
*Many childless couples refused to adopt children as their own.
许多没有孩子的夫妇拒绝收养孩子。
【语块积累】
(1)adopt one’s suggestion/idea
采纳某人的建议/想法
adopt sb. as. . . 收养某人为……
(2)adopted adj. 领养的
(3)adoption n. 采用; 收养
【即学活用】用adopt的正确形式填空
(1)You’d better _____ your teacher’s suggestion to
finish the task.
(2)The Smiths _______ an orphan as their own child.
(3)She treated her _______ son as her own child.
(4) The couples who can’t have their own child may
consider ________.
adopt
adopted
adopted
adoption
4. reduce vt. 减少, 降低
*(2019·北京高考) She succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.
她成功地用天然甜味剂制作了一种糖果, 可以减少口腔细菌。
*The job losses will reduce the total workforce to 7, 000.
职位减少后, 在职工人总数将减至7 000人。
*Boil the liquid in a small saucepan to reduce it by half.
用小炖锅炖, 收一半汤汁。
*Having failed to find a proper job in the city, he was reduced to begging in the street.
在城市中没有找到合适的工作, 他沦落到街头乞讨。
【语块积累】
reduce. . . to. . . 把……减少到……
reduce. . . by. . . 把……减少了……
be reduced to. . . 沦落为……, 陷入某种状态
【即学活用】
(1)We can ___________________________half of the past by taking high speed railway.
乘坐高铁可以让我们将旅行的时间缩短到原来的一半。
reduce the time of travelling to
(2)The clerk __________________10% because we bought more than twenty books.
因为我们买了20多本书, 店员给我们打九折。
(3)They ______________severe poverty since their failure in business.
生意失意, 他们陷入极度贫困的状态。
reduced the price by
were reduced to
5. It is the production of food, not its transport, that uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gas.
是食物的生产而不是食物的运输耗费了大部分的能量, 并产生了大量的温室气体。
【句式解构】
本句为强调句式, 基本结构为It is/was+被强调部分+that/who + 其他。
*(2017·天津高考)It wasn’t until I finished film studies that I pursued my career as an actress.
直到完成电影学习, 我才开始从事我的演艺生涯。
*Is it Wendy who answered the telephone
是温迪接的电话吗
*When was it that the scientists began to study the anticancer vaccine
科学家们是什么时候开始研究抗癌疫苗的
【名师点津】
强调句的基本句型
①陈述句: It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分。
②一般疑问句: Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分
③特殊疑问句: 疑问词+is/was+it+that+句子其他部分
④not. . . until. . . 结构的强调句型: It is/was not until. . . that. . .
【即学活用】句型转换
(1)We cancelled our picnic because it was raining
outside. (强调原因状语从句)
____________________________________________
________
It was because it was raining that we cancelled our
picnic.
(2)He didn’t finish his homework until 10 o’clock
last night. (not until 的强调句型) 世纪金榜导学号
_______________________________________
____________________
It was not until 10 o’clock that he finished his
homework last night.
【要点拾遗】
1. contribute v. 促成, 造成; 投稿; 贡献
*Study shows that smoking can contribute to lung cancer.
研究表明吸烟会导致肺癌。
*She has contributed some articles to literary magazines.
她向文学杂志投了几篇文稿。
*Brave soldiers make contributions to the establishment of our country.
勇敢的士兵们为我们国家的建立做出了贡献。
【语块积累】
(1)contribute to 有助于, 促成, 造成; 为……做贡献
contribute. . . to. . . 向……捐献; 向……投稿
(2)contribution n. 贡献; 捐献; 投稿
make contributions to 为……做贡献
【即学活用】完成句子
(1)Fortunately, some good learning methods
____________________________________
幸运的是, 一些好的学习方法促成了我英语水平的提高。
contribute to my improvement in English.
(2)Tu Youyou was rewarded by Nobel Prize for
________________________________________
屠呦呦因对医学界做出巨大贡献荣获诺贝尔奖。
making great contributions to medical science.
2. average adj. 平均的; 平常的; 一般的 n. 平均水平; 平均数 vt. 平均为; 计算……的平均值
*(2019·江苏高考)Mammals(哺乳动物)weighing sixty kilograms have an average brain size of 200 cm3.
体重60公斤的哺乳动物的平均大脑大小为200立方厘米。
*In our town, the rain that fell this summer was below the average.
今天夏季我们镇的降雨量低于平均降雨量。
*We averaged 50 miles per hour along the wide road.
沿着这条宽阔的公路, 我们的平均时速是每小时五十英里。
【语块积累】
an average of 平均
on average 平均来看; 通常
above the average 在平均水平之上
below the average 在平均水平之下
【即学活用】完成句子
(1)It is reported that ____________19. 25 cm of rain
fell last year.
据报道去年平均降雨量为19. 25厘米。
(2)___________ parents spend 220 dollars a year on
toys.
父母为孩子买玩具的花费每年平均为220美元。
an average of
On average,
(3)Temperatures are ________________for the time of the year.
温度高于此时的年平均温度。
above the average
3. be worth doing 值得做; 值得做某事
*He always tells lies, so nothing he said was worth listening to.
他总是说谎, 所以他说的话没有一句值得听。
*The famous book is worth reading by adolescents.
这部名著值得青少年一读。
*The painting is worth 2, 000 dollars so you must keep it in safety.
这幅画价值2 000 美元, 你要好好保存。
【语块积累】
be worth+钱数 值……钱
be worth+doing 值得……
worthy adj. 值得的
be worthy to be done/of being done 值得……
be worthy of+n 值得……
【即学活用】完成句子
(1)He’s decided to get a look at the house and see if it
____________________.
他决定去瞧瞧那座房子, 看是否值得买下。
(2)Is it worth _______(visit) the city which is famous
for its history
这个因历史而出名的城市值得去参观吗
might be worth buying
visiting
(3)一句多译
这个想法很值得考虑。
①This idea is well worth __________.
②This idea is worthy ______________.
③This idea is worthy _________________.
considering
to be considered
of being considered
如何写劝说信
【范例点评】
Dear Friends,
We are writing this letter to raise your awareness of air pollution. The air is polluted by people’s behavior, such as overusing personal transportations, releasing industrial gas into the
air, setting fossil fuel on fire, and so on. We are concerned that the polluted air will do harm to our healthy. Therefore, we must take action to improve the air condition.
Firstly, take public transportation as possible as you can. Secondly, apply central heating system to rescue the use of fossil fuel. Thirdly, reduce the emission of polluted air from industries.
We have learned that our human being can’t live without the air, so let us try our best to make the air fresher.
Best wishes.
Class 3
【布局】
【文体解读】
1. 话题特点
劝说信的内容来源于我们对生活的感知, 是就我们所发现的家庭生活、学校生活或社会生活中的某种现象, 向某个组织或个人提出劝说性的建议的一种应用文体。
2. 话题词汇
①raise提高
②awareness意识
③concerned担心的
④improve提高, 改善
⑤achieve达到, 获得
⑥take action to采取措施……
⑦do harm to对……造成危害
⑧try one’s best to do尽力做某事
3. 话题句式(试着替换方框中的黑体部分, 变成你需要表达的意思)
(1)表达问题
①The reason why the environment is polluted is
that we don’t attach great importance to it .
环境污染的原因就是我们没有重视环境问题。
②We are concerned that materials will be used
up soon .
我们担心不久能源将会被耗尽。
③Now people in growing numbers are coming to
realize that taking exercise is beneficial to our health .
越来越多的人开始意识到锻炼对我们的健康有益。
④A recent study shows that people spend most of
their spare time on phones .
一项最近的研究表明人们把大多数的空闲时间都
花费在手机上。
(2)表达措施
①In order to solve the problem, we should
reduce waste .
为了解决这个问题, 我们应该减少浪费。
②I hope you can take what I have said into consideration.
我希望你能考虑一下我所说的。
③I wish you can realize the importance of environmental protection .
我希望你能意识到环境保护的重要性。
④We will spare no efforts to protect it .
我们将不遗余力地保护它。
【迁移训练】
每年的10月31日是联合国确定的“世界勤俭日”。假设你是李华, 请针对校园内中学生花钱如水、没有节约的概念以及追求生活水平的提高、追求时髦等现象, 写一封劝说信, 鼓励同学们养成勤俭节约的好习惯。
注意:
1. 词数: 100左右。
2. 开头和结尾已写好, 不计入总词数。
Dear Friends,
As we know, World Thrift Day falls on October 31. So this time I’d like to discuss thrift with you.
__________________________________________
__________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________
Best wishes.
Yours faithfully,
Li hua
【遣词】
1. 世界勤俭日 ________________
2. 花销 ___________
3. 概念 _______
4. 生活水平 _____________
5. 追求 ______
World Thrift Day
expenditure
concept
living standard
pursue
【造句】
1. 完成句子
(1)最近几年, 中学生的花销急剧上升。
In recent years, the expenditure of middle school
students _______________________.
has been on the sharp rise
(2)许多学生花钱如流水, 没有节约概念。
Many of them _____________________and
_____________________.
(3)随着生活水平的提高, 父母能够承担得起孩子们
更高的消费。
____________________________________, parents
can afford higher expenditure of their children.
spend money like water
have no concept of thrift
With the improvement of living standard
(4)一些学生喜欢追求时尚。
Some students like to _____________.
(5)这将花费更多的钱。
This tends to ________________.
pursue fashion
need more money
2. 句式升级
用which引导的非限制性定语从句连接(4)、(5)句
___________________________________________
____________________
Some students like to pursue fashion, which tends
to need more money.
【成篇】
In recent years, the expenditure of middle
school students has been on the sharp rise. Many of
them spend money like water and have no concept of
thrift. Nowadays, with the improvement of living
standard, parents can afford higher expenditure of
their children. What’s more, some students like to
pursue fashion and trends, which tends to need more
money.
In a word, middle students should learn to be thrifty. We should limit our expenditure in our daily life. Only in this way, can we form right values.
The topic: eating less meat to reduce carbon footprint
Pros:
Protect the diversity of animals.
Reduce waste of material.
Help people remain health.
…
Cons:
Affect farmers’ income.
Be bad for the growth of the young.
Cause people to be lack of energy.
…
Your opinion: ______________________
The reason: ______________________________
_____________________________________________
_________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_______________
I think it is a good idea.
Because eating meat may consume
more material, which will contribute to the increase
of carbon footprint. Besides, eating less meat is
beneficial to our health, since it can help reduce the
blood pressure.
【导语】每天早上醒来, 我都会告诉自己说: “今天你有两个选择, 你可以选择一个好心情, 也可以选择一个坏心情。”我选择了好心情。
Attitude is everything
Jerry was the kind of guy you love to hate. He was always in a good mood and always had something positive to say. When someone asked him how he was doing, he would reply, “If I were any better, I would be twins! ”
He was a unique manager because he had several waiters who had followed him around from restaurant to restaurant. The reason the waiters followed Jerry was because of his attitude. He was a natural motivator. If an employee was having a bad day, Jerry was there telling the employee how to look on the positive side of the situation.
Seeing this style really made me curious, so one day I went up to Jerry and asked him, “I don’t get it! You can’t be a positive person all of the time. How do you do it ”
Jerry replied, “Each morning I wake up and
say to myself, ‘Jerry, you have two choices today.
You can choose to be in a good mood or you can
choose to be in a bad mood’. I choose to be in a good
mood. Each time something bad happens, I can
choose to be a victim or I can choose to learn from it.
I choose to learn from it. Every time someone comes to me complaining, I can choose to accept their complaining or I can point out the positive side of life. I choose to point out the positive side of life. ”
“Yeah, right, it’s not that easy, ” I protested.
“Yes, it is, ” Jerry said. “Life is all about choices. When you cut away all the junk, every situation is a choice. You choose how you react to situations. You choose how people will affect your mood. You choose to be in a good mood or bad mood. The bottom line: It’s your choice how you live life. ”
I reflected on what Jerry said. Soon thereafter, I left the restaurant industry to start my own business. We lost touch, but I often thought about him when I made a choice about life instead of reacting to it.
Several years later, I heard that Jerry did something you are never supposed to do in a restaurant business: he left the back door open one morning and was held up at gunpoint by three armed robbers. While trying to open the safe, his hand, shaking from nervousness, slipped off the combination. The robbers panicked and shot him.
Luckily, Jerry was found relatively quickly and rushed to the local trauma center. After 18 hours of surgery and weeks of intensive care, Jerry was released from the hospital with fragments of the bullets still in his body.
I saw Jerry about six months after the accident. When I asked him how he was, he replied, “If I were any better, I’d be twins. Wanna see my scars ” I declined to see his wounds, but did ask him what had gone through his mind as the robbery took place.
“The first thing that went through my mind was that I should have locked the back door, ” Jerry replied. “Then, as I lay on the floor, I remembered that I had two choices: I could choose to live, or I could choose to die. I chose to live. ”
“Weren’t you scared Did you lose consciousness ” I asked.
Jerry continued, “The paramedics were great. They kept telling me I was going to be fine. But when they wheeled me into the emergency room and I saw the expressions on the faces of the doctors and nurses, I got really scared. In their eyes, I read, ‘He’s a dead man. ’ I knew I needed to take action. ”
“What did you do ” I asked.
“Well, there was a big, burly nurse shouting questions at me, ” said Jerry. “She asked if I was allergic to anything. Yes, ”I replied. “What is it she asked. The doctors and nurses stopped working as they waited for my reply. I took a deep breath and yelled, ‘Bullets! ’”
“Over their laughter, I told them. “I am choosing to live. Operate on me as if I am alive, not dead. ’”
Jerry lived thanks to the skill of his doctors, but also because of his amazing attitude.
Attitude, after all, is everything.(共64张PPT)
Unit 6 Earth first
Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1. one’s _______(看法, 态度) to study
2. be ______(害怕的)of the white shark
3. cut off the ____(鳍)of the shark to make soup
4. ______(把……作为目标)young people as customers
attitude
scared
fins
target
5. catch the train __________(幸运地)
6. protect the endangered animals from _________(灭
绝, 绝种)
fortunately
extinction
Ⅱ. 选词填空
due to, be scared of, have an effect on,
be based on, be covered with
1. People ___________being laughed at by others in
public.
2. The film, which I saw last night, __________a
famous book.
are scared of
is based on
3. He always makes mistakes ______carelessness.
4. In April, the ground of Wuhan University __
___________flowers.
5. As we all know, parents’ words will _______
________the child.
due to
is
covered with
have an
effect on
Ⅰ. 文本整体理解: 理清文章架构
Ⅱ. 文本细节理解: 探寻语篇细节信息
1. What is the writer’s purpose of writing the passage
A. To recommend the film Jaws and the book to people.
B. To criticize Peter Benchley’s misleading description of sharks.
C. To raise people’s awareness of shark protection.
D. To inform people sharks are dangerous.
2. According to the passage, which one is wrong about the film Jaws
A. A woman died as a result of a shark’s attack.
B. It was popular with huge audiences.
C. It changed people’s long-held idea of shark as a dangerous animal.
D. It won a great reputation in the field of film.
3. Why did the number of large sharks fall quickly
A. Because of the climate change.
B. Because of people’s killing and finning.
C. Because of lacking of enough food.
D. Because of the pollution of the ocean.
4. What has changed Peter Benchley’s opinion about sharks
A. The horrible sight he caught when he was diving.
B. People’s fear of the sharks.
C. The decrease of the sharks.
D. Experts’ findings on the sharks.
5. Nowadays, what is people’s attitude towards protecting sharks
A. Neutral. B. Indifferent.
C. Disapproval. D. Favorable.
答案: 1～5. CCBAD
Ⅲ. 文本素养提升: 阅读技能综合运用
1. 根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句
译文: 许多看过这部电影的人_____________________
_____________
开始认为鲨鱼是吃人的
不好的动物。
译文: 切下鲨鱼鱼鳍给彼得·本奇利带来了出乎意料的
影响, _____________________________。
电影《大白鲨》改编于他写的书
2. 根据课文完成短文
The 1975 film Jaws was a great success, attracting
huge audiences and (1) _______(win) many awards.
People have always been scared of sharks, but Jaws
made things worse. Many people (2) ________saw the
film considered sharks as bad animals. Some even
winning
who/that
began to fish for sharks. As (3) __result, the number of
sharks fell quickly. This was not only due to fear of
sharks, (4) ___also finning. After (5) _______(fin), the
sharks are thrown back into the sea where they die
(6) ________(pain). In 1980, Peter Benchley (7) _____
(come) across an awful sight. He admitted that his book
a
but
finning
painfully
came
was wrong about (8) _______(shark) behaviour.
Fortunately, more people become (9) _________
(interest) in sharks now, and they want to protect
them from (10) _________(extinct).
sharks’
interested
extinction
3. 阅读主题活动
Talk about the following questions in pairs, and find
out the best answer.
(1)Are there any endangered animals in your country
What are they
______________________________________________
___________________
Yes. Tibetan antelopes, white-flag dolphins, Chinese
alligators, and so on.
(2)What can you do to protect them
___________________________________________
____________________________________________
animals. We can pass some laws to punish hunters.
We can set up nature reserves for the endangered
【阅读微技巧】
速览文章寻找有关人类对鲨鱼态度的词, 了解人类态度的变化 1. 关注每一段中描述人类对鲨鱼态度的词汇与语句, 如scared, frightened, fear, kill, be interested in等
2. 关注人们对鲨鱼的态度和看法的转变, 从而认识到保护鲨鱼的重要性
1. attitude n. (尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法, 态度
*Keep a positive attitude and good things will happen.
保持积极的态度, 好事就会发生。
*What is his attitude towards increasing tariffs between the two countries
他对两国之间增长的关税是什么态度
*(2019·浙江高考 )What’s particularly interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet’s cause.
特别有趣的是, 各个城市对Dubanchet这样做的态度。
【语块积累】
attitude to/towards 对……的态度
have/take a positive/negative attitude to/towards. . .
对……持积极的/消极的态度
【即学活用】(1)语法填空
①What is the author’s attitude __________the project
②People who have a negative attitude towards/to life fail
to see opportunities in life.
(2)I eventually realized I had to _________________
_______medical practice.
我终于认识到自己不得不改变对医务工作的看法。
to/towards
change my attitude
towards
【熟词生义】
*He was kneeling by his bed in an attitude of devotion.
他虔诚地跪在床边。 ( )
n. 姿势
2. scare v. 使(某人)惊恐, 吓唬; n. 恐慌; 恐惧
*They managed to scare the bears away.
他们设法把熊吓跑了。
*His sudden appearance gave me a scare when I was reading an interesting book.
我正在读一本有趣的书, 他的突然出现吓了我一跳。
*His violence and rudeness scared the child into trembling.
他的暴力和粗鲁吓得孩子发抖。
*Having made mistakes, he is scared of facing his strict teacher.
他犯了错, 不敢去面对严厉的老师。
【语块积累】
(1)scare away 吓跑
scare sb. into doing sth.
威胁, 恐吓某人做某事
(2)scared adj. 害怕的; 恐惧的
be scared of. . . 害怕……; 担心……
【即学活用】
(1)Jenny __________going out alone at night though she
has grown up.
尽管珍妮已经长大了, 她不敢在晚上一个人外出。
(2)The horror film ___________________.
这部恐怖电影把她吓哭了。
is scared of
scared her into crying
3. fortunately adv. 幸运地
*Fortunately, the rain stopped before we started to have a picnic outside.
幸亏在我们动身去野餐前雨停了。
*Fortunately he was sent to the hospital and got the immediate treatment.
幸运的是, 他被送到医院并得到及时救治。
【语块积累】
(1)unfortunately adv. 不幸地
(2)fortunate adj. 幸运的
unfortunate adj. 不幸的
(3)fortune n. 运气, 财富
make a/one’s fortune 发财
【即学活用】用fortune的正确形式填空
(1)A lot of people made their _______with WeChat
Business.
(2)It was _________for him to survive the earthquake.
(3) _____________, I won’t be able to attend the
meeting.
fortune
fortunate
Unfortunately
4. due to 由于; 由……造成
*He was late due to the rain, which made his boss angry.
他由于下雨迟到了, 这让他的老板很生气。
*Unfortunately, he passed away due to cancer last year.
他去年因癌症不幸去世。
【语块积累】
be due to do sth. 预期做某事, 预定要做某事
be due to sth. /sb. 归因于某事/某人; 欠某人……
【即学活用】
(1)(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)The match ___________________this
Saturday afternoon in the city’s stadium.
比赛定于星期六下午在城市体育场举行。
(2)The travel was put off ____________________.
因为天气不好, 旅行取消了。
is due to be organized
due to the bad weather
5. be based on 以……为基础
*Everlasting Classics, which is based on poetry and music, is popular with people of all ages.
以诗歌和音乐为基础的《经典咏流传》受到了各个年龄段人民的欢迎。
*You should base your opinion on facts so that you can get support from others.
你的意见要以事实为根据, 这样你才会得到他人的支持。
*No matter where we are, we should make friends with others on the basis of sincerity.
无论身在何地, 我们都应该以真诚为基础与他人交朋友。
【语块积累】
(1)be based on. . . 以……为根据; 根据……; 基于……
base. . . on. . . 以……为根据
(2)on the basis of 在……基础上
【即学活用】
(1)You’d better believe him because what he said
_________________
你还是相信他为好因为他所说的都是事实。
(2)Scientists _________________scientific experiments.
科学家们的想法是建立在科学实验基础之上的.
is based on the fact.
based their ideas on
(3)Our trade is conducted ____________________.
我们在平等的基础上进行贸易。
on the basis of equality
6. In 1980, Benchley was diving when he came across an awful sight.
1980年, 本奇利正在潜水, 就在这时他看到一个可怕的景象。
【句式解构】
该句为并列句, when作并列连词, 相当于and then或and at that time。
*(2017·全国卷Ⅲ) Just last year, I was conducting a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom. 就在去年, 就在我做一个工作作坊活动时, 有人敲教室的门。
*She was about to leave when the phone rang.
她正打算离开, 电话铃就响了。
*I had just arrived at school when it began to rain.
我刚到学校就开始下雨了。
【名师点津】
(1)Sb. was/were doing sth. +when. . .
某人正在做某事, 这时……
(2)Sb. be about to do sth. + when. . .
某人正打算做某事, 这时……
(3)Sb. had just done sth. +when. . .
某人刚做完某事, 这时……
【即学活用】语法填空
(1)He was working in the lab _____the power cut
occurred.
(2)I ___________(wait) for the green light at a crossing
when an old man was knocked down by a car.
when
was waiting
7. He came to see people as a danger to sharks, rather than the other way round.
他开始将人类看成对鲨鱼的威胁, 而不是反过来。
【句式解构】
该句为简单句, rather than连接两个并列成分, 意为“而不是”。
*These are political matters rather than social matters.
这些是政治问题, 而不是社会问题。
【名师点津】
rather than连接两个主语时, 谓语动词应与rather than前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
【知识延伸】
【即学活用】
(1) ___________________going to go camping.
是你而不是我要去野营。 世纪金榜导学号
(2) I _____________rather than ___there doing nothing.
我宁愿干活也不愿坐在那里无所事事。
You rather than I are
prefer to work
sit
(3)I ____________________________than go to the
cinema. 我宁可在家看电视也不愿去看电影。
would rather watch TV at home
【要点拾遗】
1. have an effect on 对……有影响
*The trade war between America and China had an effect on the economy.
中美贸易战对两国的经济产生了影响。
*Each means has been tried to solve the problem, but none is effective. 尝试过每一种方法来解决这个问题, 但没有一种方法有效。
*Huawei’s 5G plan will not be affected by the US ban.
华为的5G计划是不会受美国禁令影响的。
【语块积累】
(1)have an effect/influence/impact on
对……有影响
effective adj. 有效的
(2)affect vt. 影响; 对……有坏影响
【即学活用】完成句子
(1)We all know that _____________________________
_________.
众所周知吸烟有害健康。
(2)The increase of the population of human beings will
______________________________
人口增长会对环境带来影响。
smoking affects people’s health in
a bad way
have an effect on the environment.
2. be covered with 被……覆盖
*The ground is covered with thick snow after the snowstorm.
暴风雪后, 大地被积雪覆盖。
*Our new school built last year covers an area of about 4, 000 square meters.
我们去年建的新学校占地约4 000平方米。
【语块积累】
cover. . . with. . . 用……盖住……
cover an area of. . . 占地……
【即学活用】完成句子
(1)She _____________________________when laughing.
她笑的时候用手捂住嘴巴。
(2) The reserve that was built last year _____________
__about 1, 200 square kilometers.
去年建成的保护区占地面积大约为1 200平方千米。
covers her mouth with her hands
covers an area
of
(3)(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Further up, the weather changes—
low clouds envelop the mountainsides, which ___
___________thick grass.
再往上走, 天气变了, 低云笼绕着山坡, 山坡上长满了
浓密的青草。
are
covered with
【一语闻天下】
1. Due to population growth and urban areas’ growth, the amount of trash countries produce is only expected to rise by some estimates as much as 70% between 2019 and 2050.
由于人口增长和城市扩张, 预计2019年至2050年间, 各国产生的垃圾总量将增长70%。
2. The garbage produced by certain industries, rather than the amount of trash individuals and families generate, has a larger effect on the environment.
对环境有更大的影响的是某些行业产生的垃圾, 而不是居民生活垃圾。
3. Fortunately, many countries have recognized the importance of properly and safely disposing of trash and have passed laws regulating how cities and corporations get rid of the waste they are producing. 幸亏许多国家已经认识到妥善和安全处理垃圾的重要性, 并通过了法律来规范城市和企业如何处理它们产生的垃圾。(共24张PPT)
Unit 6 Earth first
Using language
现在分词和过去分词作补足语(-ing and -ed as complement)
【语用功能】
现在分词和过去分词都是非谓语动词, 在句中除作状语、定语、表语外, 还可作补足语, 对主语或宾语作进一步的补充说明。
【情境探究】
观察上面对话, 并完成句子:
(1)We found her ___________________.
我们发现她正在图书馆读书。
(2)He spoke loudly to make himself ______.
他大声说话让别人听见自己。
(3)The classroom was found __________________.
人们发现教室里挤满了人。
reading in the library
heard
crowded with people
【要义详析】
一、宾语补足语
某些及物动词不仅需要宾语, 而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语, 即表示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态, 这个词或短语称为宾语补足语。
1. 过去分词作宾语补足语
(1)及物动词(短语)的过去分词用作宾语补足语时, 宾语是过去分词的逻辑主语, 宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。
*When we arrived at the school, we saw the door locked. 我们到学校时发现门被锁了。
*We saw an old man knocked down by a passing car.
我们看见一位老人被飞驰而过的车撞倒了。
(2)少数不及物动词(go, change, fall等)的过去分词作宾语补足语时, 仅表示动作完成。因此, 宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。
*I found the leaves fallen two days ago.
两天前我发现这些树叶落下来了。
*We found our country changed a lot with the reform and open policy.
我们发现, 改革开放以来, 我们的国家变化很大。
2. 现在分词作宾语补足语
动词的现在分词用作宾语补足语时, 宾语是现在分词的逻辑主语, 宾语和现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主动关系。
*The woman found a beggar lying on the bench.
这位女士发现一个乞丐正躺在长凳上。
*When I entered the room, I saw him sleeping in bed.
当我进入房间时, 我看见他正在床上睡觉。
常用宾语补足语的动词如下:
(1)感官动词(表示感觉和心理状态的动词)(短语), 常见的有: see, watch, look at; hear, listen to; feel, notice, observe, find; smell. . . 表示“感受到某人或某事被做”
*He didn’t notice the thief stealing his wallet.
他没有注意到小偷在偷他的钱包。
*When he arrived, he found all the work finished.
当他到达时, 他发现所有的工作都被做完了。
(2)表示“意愿, 命令”的动词, 如 like, want, wish, order, expect 等, 可用过去分词作宾语补足语, 相当于过去分词前省略了to be, 表示“希望/要求某人或某事被做”。
*He didn’t want such questions discussed at the meeting.
他不想在会上讨论这种问题。
*I would like this matter settled at once.
我想立刻解决这个问题。
(3)使役动词(表示指使意义的动词), 常见的有: have, get, make, leave, keep. . . 表示“致使某人/某事被做”
*Have you had your hair cut 你剪头发了吗
*I have to get my bike repaired.
我不得不去修我的自行车。
【即学活用】语法填空
(1)I am afraid that I can’t make myself __________
(understand) due to my poor English.
(2)You will see this product _________ (advertise)
everywhere.
understood
advertised
(3)I could feel the wind _______ (blow) on my face.
(4)The car was found _______ (trap) in a pool by
the side of the road.
blowing
trapped
二、主语补足语
主语补足语, 是对句子主语的补充, 使得句子更加完整。如果原来含有宾语补足语的句子结构变成被动语态, 原宾语成为主语, 那么原宾语补足语相应地成为主语补足语。
*We saw her entering the room. (宾语补足语)
*She was seen entering the room. (主语补足语)
1. 过去分词作主语补足语
过去分词作主语补足语时, 主语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。
*Her new bike was found stolen by a stranger.
她的新自行车被一个陌生人偷走了。
*The little boy was seen bitten by a dog.
有人看见这个小男孩被狗咬了。
2. 现在分词作主语补足语
现在分词作主语补足语时, 主语和现在分词之间为逻辑上的主动关系。
*Tony was seen playing computer games in his bedroom.
有人看见托尼在他的卧室里玩电脑游戏。
*The girls were found singing loudly in their classroom.
他们发现女孩们正在教室里大声唱歌。
【即学活用】语法填空
(1)The baby was found _____(take) good care of by the babysitter.
(2)Freddie and his friends were seen _______(play) basketball in the playground. 世纪金榜导学号
taken
playing
(3)The street was found _______(flood) after the
storm.
(4)The cute dog was seen _______(sleep) sound
on the noisy street.
flooded
sleeping(共23张PPT)
Unit 6
Earth first
【导语】 Earth song是Michael为呼吁人类行动起来, 保护自然和我们赖以生存的地球而创作的伟大单曲。这是流行之王迈克尔·杰克逊《History》专辑中第三支进行世界范围发行(除美国本土)的单曲。
注: 听音填空
Earth Song
What about sunrise
What about rain
What about, ①____________
That you said we were to gain. . .
all the things
What about killing fields
Is there a time
What about the things
That you said were yours and mine. . .
Did you ever stop to notice
All the blood we’ve shed before
Did you ever stop to notice
The crying Earth the weeping shores
What have we done to the world
Look what we’ve done
What about all the peace
That you pledge your only son. . .
What about flowering fields
Is there a time
What about all the dreams
That you said were yours and mine. . .
Did you ever stop to notice
All the children dead from war
Did you ever stop to notice
The crying Earth the weeping shores
I used to dream
I used to glance beyond the stars
Now I don’t know ②____________
where we are
Although I know we’ve drifted far
Hey, what about yesterday (what about us)
What about the seas (what about us)
The heavens are falling down (what about us)
I can’t even breathe (what about us)
What about the bleeding Earth (what about us)
Can’t we feel its wounds (what about us)
What about nature’s worth (ooo, ooo)
It’s our planet’s womb (what about us)
What about animals (what about us)
We’ve turned kingdoms to dust (what about us)
What about elephants (what about us)
Have we lost their trust (what about us)
What about crying whales (what about us)
We’re ravaging the seas (what about us)
What about forest trails (ooo, ooo)
Burnt despite our pleas (what about us)
What about the holy land (what about us)
Torn apart by creed (what about us)
What about the common man (what about us)
Can’t we set him free (what about us)
What about children dying (what about us)
Can’t you ③____________(what about us)
Where did we go wrong (ooo, ooo)
hear them cry
Someone tell me why (what about us)
What about babies (what about us)
What about the days (what about us)
What about all their joy (what about us)
What about the man (what about us)
What about the crying man (what about us)
What about Abraham (what about us)
What about death again (ooo, ooo)
Do we give a damn(ooo, ooo)
【词海拾贝】
【听力微语系列】
合理推断
推断型试题不仅包括推断数字和地点, 还常考查学生对人物身份、关系, 人物态度、情感以及事件原因的推断。
1. 积累不同人物身份及人物关系所对应的单词, 根据对话内容所提供的称呼语、关键词, 结合生活常识进行判断。
2. 积累不同语音语调所表达的不同意思, 进行准确判断。
【即时训练】
听音频回答问题。
1. Who is probably the
woman
A. A policewoman.
B. A hotel clerk.
C. The man’s wife.
2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Friends.
B. Brother and sister.
C. Mother and son.
答案: 1. A 2. B
【听力原文】
Text 1
W: Excuse me, sir. Where were you last Friday evening and who were you with
M: I was staying at a hotel in town. I was with a friend.
W: What’s your friend’s name
M: Peter. He can prove that.
Text 2
W: Hi, Mike, are you still at your friend’s house
M: Yeah, we are just playing some games.
W: Computer games I have been looking for my laptop. I’ve got this really important homework project.
M: Oh, sorry. I have just taken it for the evening. Hope you don’t mind.
W: You are always using my things without asking me. Now, what am I going to do
M: Use our dad’s computer instead. He won’t mind.
W: I can’t do that at all. I’ve got everything saved on mine.课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ. 语境填词
1. He has devoted (奉献) his whole life to science.
2. The earthquake has caused great damage (破坏) to the town.
3. The average (平均的) age of the students in the survey is 18.
4. Our country attaches great importance to establish reserves (保护区) for animals in danger.
5. He never adopts (采纳) other’s advice so that he always makes mistakes.
6. Too much screen time may affect(影响) children’s eyesight.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. Too much junk food may contribute to fatness.
吃过多的垃圾食品会导致肥胖。
2. Yuan Longping has devoted himself to the study of rice.
袁隆平将他的一生奉献给水稻研究。
3. Costs have been reduced by 20% over the past year.
过去一年, 各项费用已经减少了20%。
4. In Africa, 4 million people a year die of hunger on average.
在非洲, 平均每年400万人死于饥饿。
5. She treats the adopted child as if he were her own son.
她把这个收养的孩子当成自己的儿子。
Ⅲ. 结合课文主题使用本单元词汇与句型, 根据提示写一篇50词左右的短文
1. 大多数(majority)人有环保意识, 减少(reduce)浪费和污染。
2. 及时关灯(turn off), 及时关掉水龙头, 减少私家车的使用, 使用可再用的(reusable)餐具。
In our daily life, a majority of people realize the importance of environmental protection. We have to take action to reduce waste and pollution. For example, turn off the light and tap when we leave, take public transportation as much as possible, and try to use reusable tableware, etc.
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Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. I got the story written(write) in English.
2. Our manager left the problem unsettled(unsettle).
3. I heard someone calling(call) my name when walking along the street.
4. With everything well arranged(arrange), he left the office.
5. At that moment, I saw him crossing(cross) the street.
6. Please keep us informed(inform) of the latest news.
7. She wants her paintings displayed(display) in the gallery, but we don’t think they would be very popular.
8. He got his tooth pulled(pull) out last Sunday.
9. I hear her practicing(practice) oral English every morning.
10. John had an accident and found the car broken(break).
Ⅱ. 选词填空
1. I’d like to see the plan carried(carrying, carried) out.
2. We should find opportunities to hear English spoken(speaking, spoken) as much as possible.
3. He raised his voice to make himself heard(hearing, heard) by all the students in the classroom.
4. She found her necklace gone(gone, going) on her way home.
5. The woman found a young man stealing(stealing, stole) her wallet.
6. We can hear the windows beaten(beat, beaten) by the heavy rain drops.
7. The teacher noticed the students discussing(discussing, discuss) questions in groups.
8. The thief was brought in with his hands tied (tie, tied) behind.
9. You must get the work done(done, doing)before Friday.
10. The boy was seen crying(crying, cries) in sorrow because of his grandma’s death.
【语法应用实践】
用分词作补足语的句子结构简要介绍你的家乡近年来的变化。
1. 家乡发生了很大的变化。
2. 道路变宽变平坦, 高楼耸立。
3. 生活更加便利, 人们收入提高。
4. 我们可以感受到人们正在享受幸福生活。
We have found our hometown changed a lot over the past ten years. The roads are seen becoming wider and flatter. And we can notice high buildings finished one after another. Life in the town has become more convenient and comfortable than before. People can find their income increasing continuously. We can feel people enjoying their happy life.
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