六种常用时态
到目前为止，我们已经学过了六种常用时态，它们分别是一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、一般将来时和现在完成时。下面，我们来复习一下这六种时态。
时态
含义
结构
时间状语
一般现在时
表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。
am / is / are或其他动词的一般现在时形式
usually, always, often, every day等
一般过去时
表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示过去经常性的动作。
was / were或其他动词的过去式形式
yesterday, in 1992, last year, three days ago等
现在进行时
表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事。
am / is / are+动词-ing形式
now, at the moment等
过去进行时
表示过去某一时刻或某一时段正在进行的动作。
was / were+动词-ing形式
at 7 am yesterday, at that time，when / while引导的时间状语从句等
一般将来时
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
be going to / will+动词原形
tomorrow, next week，in the future等
现在完成时
表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，也可表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在。
have / has+动词的过去分词
already, yet, before, ever, never, just，“for + 段时间”,“since + 表示过去的点时间”等
常用时态复习
Ⅰ.?单项选择
1. —How do you usually go to school?
—I _______ to school on foot.
A. go? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. went ???????
C. was going?? ??? D. will go
?【2017?北京】
2. —Did you do anything interesting last Sunday?
—Not really. I just _______ at home.
A. stay? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. stayed
C. will stay???? ??? D. am staying
?【2017?云南昆明】
3. —Paul, I'm busy cooking. Can you give me a hand?
—Just a minute. I _______ my e-mail.
A. am checking? ? ? B. will check???
C. have checked? ? D. was checking
【2017?河南】
4. —I called you this morning, but nobody answered.
—I _______ flowers in my garden at that time.
A. watered? ? ? ? ? B. was watering???
C. water? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. am watering
?【2017?青海西宁】
5. —Excuse me, what time does Flight BA 2793 leave?
—Just a minute. I _______ it for you.
A. check? ? ? ? ? ? B. checked???
C. will check?? ?? D. have checked
?【2017?江苏苏州】
6. —Do you know the Color Run, a five-kilometer race?
—Yes. So far it _______ into quite a few cities in our country.
A. comes? ? ? ? ? B. came? ?? ?? C. has come
【2017?福建】
Ⅱ.?选词填空
share? hit? plant? sleep
1. Don't make any noise. Your grandfather _________ in bed.
2. My sister likes making friends. She often _________ her ideas with them.
3. It snowed heavily last night, so a car _________ a tree by accident a moment ago.
4. People in this city __________ lots of trees in the last few years.?【2017?山东青岛】
Ⅲ.?句型转换
1. Mr. Hu is having a rest in his bedroom.? (改为否定句)
Mr. Hu _______ _______ having a rest in his bedroom.
【2017?重庆A】
2. We are going to have a school trip after the exam. ?(改为否定句)
We _______ _______ going to have a school trip after the exam.
【2017?重庆B】
3. Lisa works in a hospital.? (改为否定句)
Lisa _______ _______ in a hospital.
4. The invention of smart phones changed the world in many ways.?
(改为一般疑问句)
________ the invention of smart phones _______ the world in many ways?
【2017?上海】
5. Tony was watching a movie at 9:00 pm yesterday. ?(改为一般疑问句)
________ Tony _______ a movie at 9:00 pm yesterday?
6. Mr Smith has lived in?London?for ten years. ?(改为一般疑问句)
________ Mr Smith _______ in?London?for ten years?
答案
Ⅰ. 1-6 ABABCC
Ⅱ. 1. is sleeping? 2. shares? 3. hit? 4. have planted
Ⅲ. 1. is not? ? ? ? ? 2. are not? 3. doesn't work? 4. Did; change? ?
5. Was; watching 6. Has; lived
写作导引
【写作任务】(Unit 2 Writing)
长城(长六千多公里，宽四到五米)位于中国的北部，历史悠久，是世界上最伟大的奇观之一。假如上周你游览了长城，请用英语日记形式记录你的游览经历。
【思路点拨】
1.?定基调
体裁：应用文(日记)；日记的主体部分为记叙文???????????
时态：介绍长城时用一般现在时；介绍游览经历时用一般过去时。
人称：介绍自己的经历，所以用第一人称。
2.?谋布局、写句子
3.?巧衔接
成文时，第一次提到“长城”用全称the Great Wall，紧接着再次提到时可以用it代替。用代词指代前面的事物是使文章保持连贯的一种衔接手段。
4.?添佳句
He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man. (不到长城非好汉。)
5.?成篇章
?Sunday, 2nd July
I visited the Great Wall with my friends.??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??
?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??
答案
2.?谋布局、写句子
(1) in the north of?China?
(2) has a long history
(3) more than / over 6,000 kilometres long; 4 to 5 metres wide?
(4) the greatest wonders of the world?
(5) was raining?
(6) the clouds cleared?
(7) felt very tired?
(8) got to the top of the Great Wall?
(9) How beautiful?
(10) were proud of the Great Wall
5.?成篇章
Sunday, 2nd July
I visited the Great Wall with my friends.?It?is in the north of?China.?It?has a long history.?It?is more than 6,000 kilometres long and 4 to 5 metres wide.?It?is one of the greatest wonders of the world.
When we started, it was raining. Ten minutes later, the rain stopped and the clouds cleared. We began to climb. But in half an hour, one of my friends felt very tired and he wanted to stop. We told him, “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.” So he had a short rest and then followed us. At last, we got to the top of the Great Wall.
How beautiful it was when we looked at the sight from the top. We were proud of the Great Wall.
语块梳理
in one's opinion 按某人的意见；据某人看来
more than? 超过
millions of? 大量的；无数的
go through? 穿过
fall away? 突然向下倾斜
on top of ...? 在……上面；盖住……
join in the discussion? 加入讨论
man-made wonders? 人造奇观
at the top? 在顶部
produce electricity for ...? 为……供电
get out of the car? 下车
walk along ...?? 沿着……走
look across? 眺望；向对面看
look down? 向下看
at the bottom of ...? 在……底部
look to one's left / right 朝某人的左侧/?右侧看
half an hour?半小时
would like to do sth.? 想要做某事
I'm not sure I agree with you. 我不知道该不该同意你的看法。
Am I going the right way? 我走得对吗？
What do you think?? 你怎么认为呢？
句型归纳
1.?Let’s?call?Wonders of the World?and join in the discussion.
2.?I think?natural wonders?are more?interesting?than?man-made ones.
3.?That sounds great, though I think?Victoria Falls in?Africa?is even more fantastic.
4.?Who’d like to?call first?
重点单词讲解
1. wonder
◆作名词，意为“奇观；奇迹”时是可数名词。
◆作动词，意为“想知道”时，后面常常跟由when，where，why等引导的宾语从句。
◆加后缀-ful可构成形容词wonderful，意为“绝妙的；了不起的”。
【运用】
Ⅰ.?词汇运用
(1) The Great Wall is one of the greatest ________(wonder) in the world.
(2) How _______(wonder) your idea is!
Ⅱ.?完成句子
(1)?我想知道你通常在哪里吃午饭。
I ______________ you usually have lunch.
(2)?他们想知道我那个时候为什么紧张。
They ______________ I was nervous at that time.
2. discussion
◆作名词，意为“讨论；商讨”。
◆动词形式为discuss。
【运用】词汇运用
Jenny was interested in that ________(discuss) and she wanted to join in it.
3. though
◆作连词，意为“虽然；但是”，常用来引导让步状语从句，从句可放在主句前或主句后。
◆不能与but或however同时出现在一个句子中。
【运用】单项选择
(1) The actor was happy he got a part in a movie, _______ the part was a small one.
?A. since? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. while ?????????????
C. though????????????? D. unless
?【2017?河南】
(2) _______ it is raining hard, _______ the farmers are still working in the field.?????
A. Though; but???? ???? B. If; but?? ?? C. Though;?不填
4. opinion
◆作名词，意为“看法；主张”，多作可数名词。
◆in one's opinion表示“按某人的意见；据某人看来”。
【运用】
Ⅰ.?单项选择
—________, there must be life on other planets though none has been discovered.
—I agree with you. The universe is so large after all.
A. To my surprise? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. To be honest???
C. In my opinion??? ?? ???????? D. Again and again
【2017?山东德州】
Ⅱ.?翻译句子
我们有着相同的观点。
_________________________________________________
5. more than
◆为固定短语，意为“超过”，相当于over。
【运用】同义句转换
Lily's grandfather is over 70 years old.
Lily's grandfather is _______ _______ 70 years old.
6. below
◆作介词，意为“在下面；在……以下”。
【链接】under与below都可以表示“在下面”：under指在某物的正下方，也可指覆盖于某物之下，其反义词为over；而below则指位置低于某物或在某物的下方，但不一定在正下方，其反义词为above。
【运用】选词填空
below, under
?(1) There is a ball ________ my bed.?
(2) When we looked down from the plane, the city ________ us looked very small.
(3) The lowest temperature is ________ zero today.
7. reply
◆可作名词或动词，意为“回答；答复”。
◆作及物动词时，后可接宾语从句或直接引语。
◆作不及物动词，后接宾语时，应借助介词to。
【链接】answer作动词时，也有“回答；答复”的意思，后可直接跟宾语。在表示“接听电话”、“开门”等时，只能用answer，不能用reply to。
【运用】
Ⅰ.?词汇运用
(1) I asked where he lived, but he didn't give me his r_______.
(2) He asked me, “How old are you?” I r_______, “I'm 14.”
Ⅱ.?选词填空
answer, reply
(1) Jack is afraid to ________ to Mrs Smith's questions.?
(2) Why didn't you ________ my question, Linda?
Ⅲ.?完成句子
我接电话的时候妈妈正在睡觉。
My mother was sleeping when I ___________ the telephone.
答案
1.Ⅰ. (1) wonders? ? ? ? ?(2) wonderful ?
Ⅱ. (1) wonder where? (2) wonder why
2. discussion?
3. (1)-(2) CC?
4.?Ⅰ. C??Ⅱ. We have the same opinion.
5. more than
6. (1) under? (2) below? (3) below
7.Ⅰ. (1) reply (2) replied
Ⅱ. (1) reply? (2) answer?
Ⅲ. answered
