语言知识运用练(一)
语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[2019·合肥市第一次质量检测] Greenberg was a lucky guy to enter Columbia University on a full scholarship. But just before junior year, Greenberg's __1__ changed. One day his vision “__2__ up” and later he was diagnosed (诊断) with glaucoma (青光眼). Then doctors operated on Greenberg's eyes. __3__， the surgery didn't work. Greenberg was going blind. He was so __4__ that he refused to see anyone.
As Greenberg's best friend, Arthur persuaded Greenberg to go back to Columbia University and __5__ to be his “reader”. Arthur read __6__ to him every day, taking time out from his own study, and Greenberg __7__ scoring straight A's. Still, he was __8__ about getting alone and relied on his friend.
Then, one afternoon, Greenberg and Arthur went to Midtown Manhattan. When it was time to go back to campus, Arthur said he couldn't __9__ him because of an appointment. Greenberg __10__. They argued, and Arthur walked off, __11__ Greenberg alone in Grand Central Terminal. Greenberg, who was completely __12__， stumbled (蹒跚而行) through the rush-hour crowd. He took a shuttle train west to Times Square, and then transferred to an uptown train. Four miles later, he __13__ at the Columbia University stop.
At the gate of the university, someone __14__ him. “Oops, excuse me, sir.” Greenberg __15__ the voice. It was Arthur's. Greenberg's first reaction was __16__， but in the next second, he realized what he had just __17__ and realized, too, who had made it possible. __18__， Arthur had been with him the whole day, using one of the most __19__ strategies.
Blindness doesn't make Greenberg fail to appreciate the __20__ of life. He always says he is the luckiest man in the world.
体裁：记叙文 题材：朋友 主题：帮助失明的朋友重新找到生活的美好
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，Greenberg是哥伦比亚大学的一名优秀学生，他因患青光眼而失明，因此不愿见任何人。幸运的是，在好朋友Arthur的帮助下，他克服了困难，重新找到了生活的美好。
【高频词回顾】 scholarship n．奖学金 persuade v．说服 appointment n．约会；约定 transfer v．换乘 reaction n．反应
1．A.faith B．attitude
C．fortune D．reputation
答案与解析：C 考查名词。根据上文“Greenberg was a lucky guy to enter Columbia University on a full scholarship”和下文的“he was diagnosed (诊断) with glaucoma (青光眼)”可推知，此处表示Greenberg的命运发生了变化。答案为C项。
2．A.lit B．steamed
C．cleared D．cheered
答案与解析：B 考查动词，根据下文的“and later he was diagnosed (诊断) with glaucoma (青光眼)”可推知，一天，他的视力变得模糊。steam (sth) up固定短语“(使)蒙上水汽”。答案为B项。
3．A.Otherwise B．Moreover
C．Therefore D．However
答案与解析：D 考查副词。根据上文“Then doctors operated on Greenberg's eyes”和下文的“the surgery didn't work”可知，前后句是转折关系。However“但是，然而”符合语境。答案为D项。
4．A.shy B．desperate
C．selfish D．nervous
答案与解析：B 考查形容词。根据上文“Greenberg was going blind”可知，他是如此绝望以至于拒绝见任何人。答案为B项。
5．A.offered B．pretended
C．happened D．learned
答案与解析：A 考查动词。根据下文“Arthur read __6__ to him every day, taking time out from his own study”可知，Arthur说服Greenberg重返哥伦比亚大学，并主动提出成为他的“阅读器”。答案为A项。
6．A.letters B．newspapers
C．textbooks D．magazines
答案与解析：C 考查名词。根据下文“Greenberg __7__ scoring straight A's”并结合语境可推知，Arthur应该是给Greenberg读课本。答案为C项。
7．A.ended up B．carried on
C．imagined D．considered
答案与解析：A 考查动词(短语)。根据语境可知，在Arthur的帮助下，Greenberg最终取得了全优的成绩。end up固定短语“最终做”符合语境。答案为A项。
8．A.curious B．confident
C．excited D．tentative
答案与解析：D 考查形容词。根据本句中的“Still”以及空后的“relied on his friend”可推知，他对独处感到犹豫。tentative“犹豫的”符合语境。答案为D项。
9．A.abandon B．rescue
C．comfort D．accompany
答案与解析：D 考查动词。根据下文的“because of an appointment”可知，Arthur因为有约会而无法陪同他。答案为D项。
10．A.compromised B．panicked
C．explained D．apologized
答案与解析：B 考查动词。根据语境可知，Greenberg还没有做好独处的准备，当Arthur无法陪同他时，他感到盲然无措。答案为B项。
11．A.leaving B．finding
C．consulting D．serving
答案与解析：A 考查动词。根据上文的“Arthur walked off”可知，Arthur把Greenberg独自留在纽约中央车站。答案为A项。
12．A.tired B．amused
C．confused D．satisfied
答案与解析：C 考查形容词。根据语境并结合选项可知，对于Arthur将他独自留下，他感到很困惑。confused“困惑的，糊涂的”符合语境。答案为C项。
13．A.got off B．pulled over
C．looked around D．ran away
答案与解析：A 考查动词短语。根据下文的“at the Columbia University stop”可推知，Greenberg在哥伦比亚大学站下了车。答案为A项。
14．A.turned to B．shouted at
C．knocked into D．quarreled with
答案与解析：C 考查动词短语。根据下文中的“Oops, excuse me, sir”可推知，有人撞到了Greenberg。答案为C项。
15．A.raised B．lost
C．controlled D．recognized
答案与解析：D 考查动词。根据下文中的“It was Arthur's”可知，Greenberg听出了Arthur的声音。答案为D项。
16．A.anger B．pleasure
C．relief D．sorrow
答案与解析：A 考查名词。根据语境可知，Arthur之前将他独自留下，现在又撞到了他，Greenberg第一反应应是愤怒。答案为A项。
17．A.missed B．questioned
C．ignored D．achieved
答案与解析：D 考查动词。根据下文的“and realized, too, who had made it possible”可知，Greenberg意识到他这次能独自回到学校而不用依靠Arthur，这是之前他一直犹豫而没敢去做的事情。答案为D项。
18．A.Gradually B．Finally
C．Obviously D．Strangely
答案与解析：C 考查副词。根据下文的“Arthur had been with him the whole day, using one of the most __19__ strategies”可推知，很明显， Arthur一整天都和他在一起，用一种最巧妙的计策。答案为C项。
19．A.brilliant B．familiar
C．defensive D．complex
答案与解析：A 考查形容词。参见上题解析。答案为A项。
20．A.magic B．beauty
C．wisdom D．truth
答案与解析：B 考查名词。根据全文内容以及空后一句“He always says he is the luckiest man in the world”可知，失明也未能阻止Greenberg享受生活的美好。答案为B项。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2019·兰州诊断考试] China, which is proud of its great inventions in ancient times, has once again shown its ability to change the world with its “four new great inventions”： high-speed rail, mobile payments, bike-sharing and e-commerce. The four innovative (创新的) ways of life were most appealing to youths from 20 countries 21.________ (participate) in the Belt and Road Initiative, according to a survey by the Belt and Road Research Institute of Beijing Foreign Studies University.
“The ‘four new great inventions’ are all 22.________ (relate) to China's high-tech innovation, 23.________ improved the quality of people's lives，” said Wu Hao, executive director of the BRRI. As a huge fan of bicycles, Bernard Schwartlander, World Health Organization Representative in China, 24.________ (express) his love for China's shared bicycles, saying that “Shared bikes are bringing cycling back 25.________ people's lives and they are making public transport more attractive and convenient.”
Rebecca Fannin, founder and editor of Silicon Dragon, noted that China is beginning to lead in innovation in some ways. “This is partly because China skipped over the PC era and went directly to the mobile. China has the 26.________ (large) mobile use in the world.”
With regard to the “four new great inventions”， Charlie Dai, principal analyst of American market research company Forrester, said these 27.________ (product) and services have definitely improved customer experience, developing national and 28.________ (globe) economy at the same time.
29.________ growing number of foreigners hope 30.________ (promote) economic development in their home countries by stressing the need for technological achievements like that of China.
体裁：说明文 题材：科技 主题：中国的“新四大发明”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，中国的“新四大发明”，即高铁、移动支付、共享单车、在线购物，给世界带来了变化。
21．答案与解析：participating 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，主语youths与动词participate构成逻辑上的主谓关系，此处用现在分词短语作定语，故填participating。
22．答案与解析：related 考查非谓语动词。be related to固定短语“与……相关”，故填related。
23．答案与解析：which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，其先行词为“The ‘four new great inventions’”，且从句缺少主语，故填which。
24．答案与解析：expressed 考查时态。根据语境可知，此处描述的是过去的情况，故填expressed。
25．答案与解析：to 考查介词。此处表示“将骑自行车带回人们的生活中”，故填介词to。
26．答案与解析：largest 考查形容词。根据语境以及空前的“the”可知，此处表示中国的手机使用量是世界上最大的，故填largest。
27．答案与解析：products 考查名词。product是可数名词，且根据空前的“these”可知，此处应填复数形式，故填products。
28．答案与解析：global 考查形容词。根据空前的“national and”和空后的“economy”可知，此处应用形容词，填global。
29．答案与解析：A 考查冠词。a number of固定短语“许多”，故填A。
30．答案与解析：to promote 考查非谓语动词。hope to do sth.固定短语“希望做某事”，故填to promote。
语言知识运用练(三)
语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[2019·大连高三一模] Being jobless for the last three months, I am upset nowadays. My son has lost his __1__ from a good school and he might have to go to a less qualified school. I have moved from a spacious (宽敞的) apartment to a small one in order to __2__ my living expenses. My wife has built extra stress. On top of that, my father-in-law __3__ a week ago, which has added fuel to fire, __4__ our family into a more terrible state.
In these circumstances I have two mental __5__： either to feel upset and keep losing my peace of mind, or __6__ my negative thoughts with super mental powers about self-confidence and consistency and __7__ applying for new jobs with positive attitude.
I choose the second option because I believe that the pain I am __8__ today will build up my __9__. My strengths will then increase my confidence and make me a (n) __10__ man one day. I understand that good and bad stages are part of __11__. While good times make me happy, bad times __12__ the “inner” me.
Two months later, __13__， I have finally landed a job which is very exciting and offers a nice salary. Time has healed my wife's mental stress __14__ the death of her father. My son has already been accepted by another good school because the admissions for new academic year were still __15__！
As I am back on the track of normal life, I can __16__ say that the most important things that helped me __17__ the crisis (危机) were my consistent character of patience, and __18__ attitude towards life. So, while I wish you all the best life can __19__ you, I would highly recommend taking the same attitude towards life __20__ you are trapped in any of such situations.
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历 主题：积极应对困境
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者成功应对困境的故事启迪读者要一直保持积极的生活态度。
【高频词回顾】 jobless adj.无工作的，失业的 circumstance n．情况 apply for申请 be trapped in陷入
1．A.admission B．benefit
C．diploma D．permission
答案与解析：A 考查名词。根据该句中的“he might have to go to a less qualified school”可推知，作者的儿子失去了进入好学校的资格，与下文中的“My son has already been accepted by another good school because the admissions for new academic year were still __15__！”呼应，故选A项。
2．A.share B．reduce
C．break D．raise
答案与解析：B 考查动词。根据下文可知，作者失业三个月，为了缩减生活开支作者从宽敞的公寓搬到了较小的公寓，故选B项。
3．A.showed up B．set off
C．fell down D．passed away
答案与解析：D 考查动词短语。根据下文“Time has healed my wife's mental stress __14__ the death of her father”可知，作者的岳父过世了。pass away“去世”，故选D项。
4．A.putting B．finding
C．forming D．lifting
答案与解析：A 考查动词。根据语境可知，作者的岳父一周前去世了，这使作者一家处于更糟糕的状态，put“使处于(某状态或情况)”符合语境，故选A项。
5．A.problems B．concerns
C．choices D．activities
答案与解析：C 根据下文的“either to feel upset... or __6__ my negative thoughts”可推知，作者面对这种困境，有两种选择，与下文中的“I choose the second option”呼应，故选C项。
6．A.link B．replace
C．mix D．exchange
答案与解析：B replace... with...固定短语，“用……替代……”，与空前的“keep”形成对比，故选B项。
7．A.regret B．stop
C．keep D．risk
答案与解析：C 考查动词。根据下文中的“I have finally landed a job”可推知，作者也可以保持积极的态度，继续寻找新工作。keep“继续”，故选C项。
8．A.practicing B．suffering
C．producing D．relieving
答案与解析：B 考查动词。根据语境可知，作者选择以积极的态度去找工作，因为作者相信他现在遭受的痛苦将增强他的毅力，故选B项。
9．A.intelligence B．body
C．character D．reputation
答案与解析：C 考查名词。参见上题解析，故选C项。
10．A.careful B．hard-working
C．easy-going D．successful
答案与解析：D 考查形容词。根据上文作者失去工作，儿子不能进入好的学校，岳父去世等一堆糟心的事，并结合该句“My strengths will then increase my confidence and make me a(n) __10__ man one day”可推知，作者相信自己有一天会成功，故选D项。
11．A.life B．wealth
C．time D．health
答案与解析：A 考查名词。根据语境并结合常识可知，作者明白好和坏都是生活的一部分，与下文中的“As I am back on the track of normal life”呼应，故选A项。
12．A.hide B．destroy
C．strengthen D．kill
答案与解析：C 考查动词。根据该段第一句并结合语境可推知，艰难的时光会让作者韬光养晦，积蓄力量，故选C项。
13．A.desperately B．unwillingly
C．hopefully D．fortunately
答案与解析：D 考查副词。根据语境可知，两个月后，作者幸运地找到了一份称心的工作，故选D项。
14．A.regardless of B．due to
C．instead of D．apart from
答案与解析：B 考查介词短语。根据语境可知，前后句表示逻辑上的因果关系，due to“由于”符合语境，故选B项。
15．A.occupied B．empty
C．open D．closed
答案与解析：C 考查动词。根据语境可知，新学年入学申请依然开放，因此作者的儿子被另一所好学校录取，故选C项。
16．A.disappointedly B．surprisedly
C．deliberately D．confidently
答案与解析：D 考查副词。根据上文中的“My strengths will then increase my confidence”可推知，生活恢复正常，作者信心满满，故选D项。
17．A.fight B．meet
C．change D．delay
答案与解析：A 考查动词。根据上文可知，作者战胜了困境，渡过了危机，生活重新步入正轨，故选A项。
18．A.general B．positive
C．friendly D．honest
答案与解析：B 考查形容词。根据上文中的“applying for new jobs with positive attitude”并结合语境可推知，作者始终如一的坚毅性格和积极的生活态度帮助他渡过了生活中的危机，故选B项。
19．A.offer B．expect
C．manage D．send
答案与解析：A 考查动词。根据语境可知，作者祝愿人们万事如意。offer“给予”符合语境，故选A项。
20．A.as if B．in that
C．now that D．in case
答案与解析：D 考查状语从句。根据语境可知，作者极力建议人们如果陷入像这样的境地，也以相同的态度面对生活。in case“如果，假使”，故选D项。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2019·南昌模拟] Ballet is a formal kind of dance performance with a rich and interesting history. The word “ballet” comes from the French language, and 21.________ (be) based on the Italian word “balletto”. “Balletto” means a little dance. Ballet's early roots began in Italy in the late 1400s. But it was in France 22.________ ballet developed into the form we know today.
The French ruler Louis the Fourteenth had a big influence 23.________ the direction of ballet in its early history. He ruled France for seventy-two years, 24.________ (start) in 1643. He started dancing as a boy and worked hard daily.
Louis the Fourteenth turned ballet into a form of dance that reflected 25.________ (he) power and influence. Ballet's many rules and 26.________ (extreme) detailed movements expressed a person's power and social relations. The king made sure that ballet became a 27.________ (require) for the people of his court. He also started the Royal Academy of Dance, 28.________important people could learn this art. The aim of this dance was self-control, order and perfection.
Ballet slowly changed from a dance at the king's court to one 29.________ (perform) by professional dancers. When Louis the Fourteenth died in 1715, ballet 30.________ (bring) to other parts of Europe and was developing in other ways.
体裁：说明文 题材：艺术 主题：芭蕾舞
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，芭蕾舞的发展经历了一段有趣的历史。法国国王路易十四将芭蕾舞列为宫廷艺术，并制定了严格的规则；路易十四去世后，芭蕾舞开始在欧洲传播开来。
21．答案与解析：is 考查时态和主谓一致。本句的主语The word “ballet”为单数，且本句前半句用的是一般现在时，此处也应用一般现在时，故填is。
22．答案与解析：that 考查强调句型。此处考查“It was＋被强调部分＋that＋句子其他部分”强调句型，此处强调地点状语“in France”，故填that。
23．答案与解析：on/upon 考查介词。influence意为“影响”，其后接on/upon表示“对……有影响”，故填on/upon。
24．答案与解析：starting 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词start和其逻辑主语“He”构成主谓关系，故用start的现在分词形式，故填starting。
25．答案与解析：his 考查代词。根据语境及空后的名词短语“power and influence”可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词，故填his。
26．答案与解析：extremely 考查副词。修饰形容词“detailed”要用副词，故填extremely。
27．答案与解析：requirement 考查名词。根据该空前的冠词“a”并结合语境可知，此处应填名词形式，填requirement。
28．答案与解析：where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“the Royal Academy of Dance”，引导词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导该从句，故填where。
29．答案与解析：performed 考查非谓语动词。根据空后的“by professional dancers”可知，此处表示被专业舞者表演，故填performed。
30．答案与解析：was brought 考查时态语态。根据该句中的“in 1715”可知，此处应用一般过去时；此处表示路易十四去世后，芭蕾舞被传播到欧洲其他地方，故填was brought。
语言知识运用练(二)
语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[2019·重庆第二次调研] Now it was time for the wheat to come into the ears, but the weather was so dry that the old men's hair was turning grey out of concern. This morning, the clouds were rolling and the thunder was __1__. It began to pour soon. Finally, the old farmers who were looking forward to the rain happily ran to the __2__ of the field, looked at the rain-fed crops, and made a __3__ to the sky excitedly.
A stone lying on the ground witnessed this and was very unhappy about it. It said __4__， “Oh, it seems that everything is happy for it! It seems that the rain was an international guest of __5__， but what did it do? It has only been two __6__ three hours. What's the big deal? Nonsense！” The stone looked at himself and said, “Yes. I have lived here for thousands of years. I have been so __7__ and polite, but no one comes to __8__ me and thank me. The world is so __9__. It's __10__ that I often hear people say the world is ugly.”
“Shut up！” an insect listened impatiently and __11__ the stone with a firm tone：“The rain does not __12__ long and sometimes even remains at most one hour, but rain is moistening the earth. With the __13__ of the rain water, the farmers can get harvest, and __14__ living here for hundreds of thousands of years in the field, you are completely useless. Not only that, but you are still __15__ this piece of rich soil. You are just a piece of useless __16__. Who got any good from you? You are worthless, isn't it？” The stone was __17__ and bowed his head in __18__.
Similar to this stone, some people like to boast (自吹自擂) of their forty years of hard labor and their __19__ to the people. What is the essential difference between them? No one has received any benefits from them, and what is the __20__ of their existence?
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人价值 主题：一个人价值的体现
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，小麦抽穗的时节，久旱不雨，老农们的头发都急白了。天终于下雨了，于是老农们感谢上天；看到这一幕，石头很不开心，它说它已经在这里存在了数千年，但没有人称赞它、感谢它，因此它认为世界太不公平。一只昆虫打断石头的抱怨，告诉石头，虽然雨持续的时间短，但是雨水的作用巨大，石头虽然存在很久，但是毫无用处。有些人和石头一样，没有人从他们那里获得任何好处，他们的存在又有什么价值呢？
1．A.flashing B．appearing
C．booming D．happening
答案与解析：C 考查动词。根据上文中的“the clouds were rolling”及下文的“It began to pour soon.”可知，今天早上，乌云密布，雷声隆隆，天很快就下起了倾盆大雨，故选C项。
2．A.center B．edge
C．bottom D．top
答案与解析：B 考查名词。根据下文中的“looked at the rain-fed crops”可知，老农们跑到田边，看着雨水滋润过的庄稼，向上天鞠躬感谢，故选B项。
3．A.bow B．choice
C．decision D．hit
答案与解析：A 考查名词。参见上题解析，选A项。
4．A.enthusiastically B．disgustingly
C．enviously D．deliberately
答案与解析：C 考查副词。根据第二段第一句可知，一块石头看到这一切，很不开心，于是它就羡慕不已，故选C项。
5．A.honor B．pleasure
C．pity D．trouble
答案与解析：A 考查名词。根据该空前一句可知，石头认为雨水所到之处，都会受到欢迎，似乎成了贵宾，故选A项。
6．A.and B．to
C．or D．till
答案与解析：C 考查连词。根据下文的“What's the big deal? Nonsense！”可知，石头认为，雨仅仅下了两三个小时，那有什么了不起的，故选C项。
7．A.hopeful B．modest
C．helpful D．comfortable
答案与解析：B 考查形容词。根据该空后的“polite”及第8小题后的“thank me”可以推测出，石头认为自己已经在这里存在了数千年，而且一直都很谦虚和有礼貌，但是没有人来称赞它、感谢它，故选B项。
8．A.inform B．greet
C．praise D．comfort
答案与解析：C 考查动词。参见上题解析。故选C项。
9．A.unfortunate B．unfair
C．awkward D．impressive
答案与解析：B 考查形容词。根据上文可知，石头认为这个世界太不公平。雨只下了两三个小时，就得到人们的感谢，而它存在了数千年，却从未得到回报，难怪它总是听到人们说这个世界太丑陋，故选B项。
10．A.no doubt B．no pain
C．no way D．no wonder
答案与解析：D 考查固定短语。参见上题解析。A项意为“无疑”；B项意为“没有付出”；C项意为“不行”；D项意为“难怪”，故选D项。
11．A.interrupted B．refused
C．disturbed D．interviewed
答案与解析：A 考查动词。根据上文中的“Shut up！”可知，昆虫再也听不下去了，于是打断了石头的话，故选A项。
12．A.arrive B．leave
C．last D．lie
答案与解析：C 考查动词。根据下文中的“sometimes even remains at most one hour”可知，雨不会持续太久，有时雨最多也就持续一个小时，但是雨水却滋润着泥土，故选C项。
13．A.instructions B．leadership
C．guides D．aid
答案与解析：D 考查名词。根据下文中的“the farmers can get harvest”可知，在雨水的帮助下，农民有了好收成。故选D项。
14．A.in favor of B．in honor of
C．in spite of D．in memory of
答案与解析：C 考查介词短语。根据下文中的“you are completely useless”可知，昆虫认为，尽管石头存在了数千年，但是却毫无用处。故选C项。
15．A.taking off B．taking up
C．holding off D．holding up
答案与解析：B 考查动词短语。根据上文中的“Not only that”及下文的“Who got any good from you”可以推测出，昆虫认为，不仅如此，石头还占据了一片肥沃的土地，它只是一块没用的包袱，又有谁从石头那里获得任何好处呢？故选B项。
16．A.carriage B．baggage
C．space D．land
答案与解析：B 考查名词。参见上题解析，故选B项。
17．A.cheerful B．hopeless
C．thankful D．speechless
答案与解析：D 考查形容词。根据上文中的“You are worthless, isn't it”及下文中的“bowed his head”可知，听了昆虫的一席话之后，石头哑口无言，并且羞愧地低下了头。故选D项。
18．A.shame B．pride
C．fear D．pleasure
答案与解析：A 考查名词。参见上题解析，故选A项。
19．A.devotion B．determination
C．inspiration D．courage
答案与解析：A 考查名词。根据上文中的“Similar to this stone”可知，与石头一样，有些人喜欢夸耀自己四十年的艰苦劳动，以及对人们的奉献。故选A项。
20．A.assessment B．value
C．importance D．base
答案与解析：B 考查名词。根据上文中的“No one has received any benefits from them”可知，没有人从他们那里获得任何好处，他们的存在又有什么价值呢？故选B项。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2019·武汉市4月调研] On January 25,2020, over a billion people in China and millions around the world will celebrate the Chinese New Year, or the Spring Festival. The ancient tradition, 21.________ date is determined by the lunar calendar and falls somewhere between January 21 and February 20 each year, is the 22.________ (long) and most important of all Chinese festivals.
The preparations will 23.________ (official) begin with Little New Year on January 17,2020. It is observed with a day of memorial ceremonies. Other Little New Year activities include cleaning the house 24.________ (sweep) away bad luck and hanging spring couplets — red decorations hung in pairs — for wealth. Since red 25.________ (believe) to keep misfortune and evil spirits away, it can be noticed in everything from clothing to 26.________ (lantern) used to decorate houses.
Often 27.________ (consider) the most important meal of the year, the reunion dinner is both delicious and rooted in Chinese tradition. 28.________ whole chicken symbolizes family togetherness, while long uncut noodles show longevity (长寿). Wealth is represented by dumplings and spring rolls. Children receive red envelopes filled 29.________ money and inspiring messages from elders and are often allowed to stay up late to watch the 30.________ (amaze) fireworks shows.
The two-week long celebrations will end on February 8 — the day of the full moon — with the Lantern Festival.
体裁：说明文 题材：文化生活 主题：春节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的传统节日春节的相关内容。
21．答案与解析：whose 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句是一个非限制性定语从句。空处在从句中作定语，先行词为“The ancient tradition”，空处与“date”为所属关系，故用whose引导该从句，填whose。
22．答案与解析：longest 考查形容词。根据语境和空前的“the”及空后的“most important”可知，此处表示最高级的含义，故用形容词的最高级。填longest。
23．答案与解析：officially 考查副词。分析句子成分可知，此处应用副词officially修饰动词begin，在句子中作状语，故填officially。
24．答案与解析：to sweep 考查非谓语动词。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处是不定式作目的状语，故填to sweep。
25．答案与解析：is believed 考查语态、时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处是“sth. be believed to do sth.”句型，应用被动形式；此处为一般性描述，故应用一般现在时；且主语red为第三人称单数，故填is believed。
26．答案与解析：lanterns 考查名词。lantern是可数名词，且其前无限定词，故用其复数形式。填lanterns。
27．答案与解析：considered 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，consider和其逻辑主语“the reunion dinner”构成动宾关系，故用过去分词形式，填considered。
28．答案与解析：A 考查冠词。chicken“鸡”是可数名词，第一次在文中出现，句子的谓语动词为单数形式，且whole的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词填A。
29．答案与解析：with 考查介词。be filled with...固定短语“充满……”，符合语境，故填with。
30．答案与解析：amazing 考查形容词。根据空前的“the”和空后的名词词组“fireworks shows”可知，此处应用形容词修饰其后的名词词组“fireworks shows”，故填amazing。
语言知识运用练(五)
语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[2019·兰州实战模拟] Bob Charland used to work as a nightclub security guard. He was beaten so severely in the __1__ twice by people he'd kicked out of the bar, most recently in 2015, and it __2__ his brain. In 2017, he learned he had a cyst (囊肿) in the back of his brain. He had memory loss and severe headaches. “My doctor said my brain looked as though it __3__ to a 70-year-old man，” said Charland.
The doctor said there was no way to __4__ the disease. __5__ it would take his life. He thought about contacting Death with Dignity. He didn't want to be a __6__ to anybody.
But then, he received a call from an advisor at an underprivileged (贫困的) school, wondering if he had some extra bikes he could __7__. He, in fact, did have some extra bikes. “That __8__ my thought，” said Charland. Some people with a __9__ disease set out to __10__ and see the world. Charland decided to devote whatever time he had __11__ to giving bikes to underprivileged children.
Since the spring of 2017, Charland has spent more than $10, 000 of his own money __12__ about 1,000 bikes for __13__. He works with police officers to help deliver the bikes and __14__ to local schools, adjust seats and handlebars and give children bicycle safety lessons.
Many of the children he brings bikes to live in high-crime neighborhoods, and their only previous experiences with police have been __15__. He often takes extra time to connect with them and is now known in some neighborhoods as “Bob the Bike Guy”．
“To spend time with these kids and see their smiles is an amazing feeling，” said Charland. “Sometimes, for the first time in a long time, they see that somebody __16__.”
He devotes every Tuesday night to turning shabby old bikes into functioning, pretty ones. Charland said he thinks he chose bikes as a way to help kids because the years he'd spent riding a bicycle as a boy in his hometown of Alplaus, NY, were among the __17__ of his life. He was raised by his stepfather who worked many extra hours in construction to __18__ that bike. Charland said, “Every kid should have one.”
“My brain will continue to get __19__ and at some point, I will die，” he said, “but I'm not there yet. Why not __20__ doing what I love？”
体裁：记叙文 题材：爱心故事 主题：重疾患者给贫穷地区的孩子送去自行车
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，Bob Charland头部受到击打，患上脑瘤，时常头疼。他没有像很多重疾患者去旅游看世界那样去做，而是决定用其余生为贫困地区的孩子送去自行车。
【高频词回顾】 neighborhood n. 街区 shabby adj. 破旧的，破烂的
1．A.arm B．back
C．head D．leg
答案与解析：C 考查名词。根据该句中的“his brain”并结合该句中的“He was beaten so severely in the __1__”可推知，他的头部受到了严重的击打，C项意为“头部”，故C项正确。
2．A.damaged B．created
C．improved D．protected
答案与解析：A 考查动词。根据上文可知，他的头部受到了严重的击打，结合该句中的“his brain”可推知，这损害了他的脑部，A项意为“损害”，故A项正确。
3．A.applied B．belonged
C．attended D．turned
答案与解析：B 考查动词。根据上文“He had memory loss and severe headaches”可知，他记忆力丧失，头疼严重。结合该句中的“to a 70-year-old man”可推知，医生认为他的大脑如同70岁老人的。belong to为固定搭配，意为“属于”，故B项正确。
4．A.face B．find
C．tolerate D．cure
答案与解析：D 考查动词。根据语境可知，医生认为已经没有办法治愈他的疾病，D项意为“治愈”，故D项正确。
5．A.Eventually B．Fortunately
C．Initially D．Immediately
答案与解析：A 考查副词。根据语境可知，他的脑部受伤严重，医生认为这最终将要了他的命。A项意为“最后，终于”，故A项正确。
6．A.follower B．burden
C．fighter D．winner
答案与解析：B 考查名词。根据上文“He thought about contacting Death with Dignity”可知，他想到了尊严死去；结合该句“He didn't want to be a __6__ to anybody”可知，他不想成为别人的负担。B项意为“负担”，故B项正确。
7．A.buy B．sell
C．polish D．donate
答案与解析：D 考查动词。根据该句中的“wondering if he had some extra bikes”可知，贫困地区的学校问他是否有可以捐赠的多余的自行车。D项意为“捐赠”，故D项正确。
8．A.changed B．understood
C．built D．lost
答案与解析：A 考查动词。根据上下文的内容可推知，这改变了他的想法。A项意为“改变”，故A项正确。
9．A.common B．different
C．deadly D．rare
答案与解析：C 考查形容词。根据语境并结合该句中的“Some people with a __9__ disease”可推知，该处指那些患有致命疾病的人开始旅游去看世界。C项意为“致命的”，故C项正确。
10．A.drink B．travel
C．live D．work
答案与解析：B 考查动词。参见上题解析，故选B项。
11．A.killed B．saved
C．left D．wasted
答案与解析：C 考查动词。根据该句“Charland decided to devote whatever time he had __11__ to giving bikes to underprivileged children”可知，Charland决定将他的余生奉献给向贫困地区的孩子们送去自行车这件事上，故选C项。
12．A.making B．repairing
C．cleaning D．renting
答案与解析：B 考查动词。根据语境并结合选项和下文中的“He devotes every Tuesday night to turning shabby old bikes into functioning, pretty ones”可推知，该处是说，自2017年以来，他花了自己的一万美元为孩子们修理了大约一千辆自行车。B项意为“修理”，故B项正确。
13．A.kids B．adults
C．parents D．teachers
答案与解析：A 参见上题解析，故选A项。
14．A.money B．food
C．helmets D．water
答案与解析：C 考查名词。结合该句中的“help deliver the bikes and __14__ to local schools”可推知，他和警察一起给当地的学校送自行车和头盔。C项意为“头盔”，故选C项。
15．A.exciting B．satisfying
C．positive D．negative
答案与解析：D 考查形容词。根据该句中的“Many of the children he brings bikes to live in high-crime neighborhoods”可知，许多他送自行车的孩子生活在犯罪高发地区。据此可推知，这些孩子们先前与警察打交道的经历常常是负面的，故选D项。
16．A.cares B．controls
C．knows D．teaches
答案与解析：A 考查动词。根据上段可知，这些孩子生活在犯罪率较高的贫困地区，Charland给他们送去自行车，并给他们讲自行车安全知识的课；结合该句中的“Sometimes, for the first time in a long time, they see that somebody __16__”可推知，很长时间以来，这是他们第一次感受到有人在关心他们。A项意为“关心”，故选A项。
17．A.busiest B．darkest
C．saddest D．happiest
答案与解析：D 考查形容词。根据该句中的“he'd spent riding a bicycle as a boy in his hometown of Alplaus, NY, were among the __17__ of his life”可推知，他说之所以选择自行车作为帮助孩子们的一种方式，是因为他小时候在家乡骑自行车的那些年是他一生中最快乐的时光之一，故选D项。
18．A.ride B．afford
C．borrow D．return
答案与解析：B 考查动词。根据该句中的“worked many extra hours in construction to __18__ that bike”可知，他的继父为了买得起那辆自行车，在工地上加班加点工作。B项意为“买得起”，故选B项。
19．A.faster B．slower
C．worse D．better
答案与解析：C 考查形容词。根据该句中的“My brain will continue to get __19__ and at some point, I will die”可知，他的病情越来越严重了。C项意为“更糟”，故选C项。
20．A.avoid B．forget
C．imagine D．continue
答案与解析：D 考查动词。根据上文“but I'm not there yet”并结合该句可推知，此处表示为什么不继续做我喜欢做的事情呢？D项意为“继续”，故选D项。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2019·青岛质量检测] There are many reasons 21.________ college and university students often fail 22.________ (get) a full night's of sleep. Many American students are away from their parents for the first time when they attend college. They might not be used to having total 23.________ (free) to plan their days and nights. Parties, late-night study meetings, or just time spent relaxing with friends — these are all things that cut into college students' sleep habits.
A few years ago, Michael Scullin began teaching 24.________ science of sleep to psychology students at Baylor University in Waco, Texas. Scullin is an assistant professor at Baylor and the director of its Sleep Neuroscience and Cognition Laboratory. He said his students seemed to enjoy the class and were interested in the material he was teaching. The class 25.________ (center) around why the body needs to sleep and the physical and mental health problems 26.________ (cause) by lack of sleep. These include difficulty focusing on studies or 27.________ (control) one's emotions, and increased risk of many diseases.
The United States, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that adults need at least seven hours' sleep a night to stay 28.________ (health). Scullin found students who slept more performed 29.________ (well)in two different classes, 30.________ he published his findings in two academic publications last November.
体裁：说明文 题材：学校生活 主题：大学生睡眠问题
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了大学生睡眠不足的问题，以及贝勒大学的助手教授的研究发现。
21．答案与解析：why 考查定语从句。句意：大学生经常睡不了整夜的觉有许多原因。本空考查定语从句，后面的从句成分完整且前面的先行词是reasons，故填why。
22．答案与解析：to get 考查非谓语动词。此处表示大学生睡不了整夜的觉。fail to do sth.固定短语“未能做某事”，故填to get。
23．答案与解析：freedom 考查名词。句意：他们可能不习惯完全自由地去计划自己的白天与晚上。形容词后应用名词，作having的宾语，故填freedom。
24．答案与解析：the 考查冠词。句意：几年前，迈克尔·斯卡林开始教在德克萨斯州韦科市贝勒大学读心理学专业的学生睡眠科学。teach为及物动词，后可直接接宾语，空后是名词，此处应填冠词，具体科学前常用定冠词，故填the。
25．答案与解析：centered 考查时态。句意：该班级以研究人体为什么要睡觉和由于睡眠不足引起的身体与精神方面的健康问题为中心。根据时间状语A few years ago可知，研究发生在几年前，故此处应用一般过去时，故填centered。
26．答案与解析：caused 考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。problems与cause之间为逻辑上的被动关系，此处应用cause的过去分词作problems的后置定语，故填caused。
27．答案与解析：controlling 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些(身心问题)包括专心学习和控制情绪方面的困难以及增加的(患上)许多疾病的风险。(have) difficulty (in) doing sth.固定句式“做某事有困难”，且设空处与前面的focusing并列，形式应保持一致，故填controlling。
28．答案与解析：healthy 考查形容词。此处表示成年人每晚需要至少七小时的睡眠来保持健康。stay healthy为固定搭配，意为“保持健康”。故填healthy。
29．答案与解析：better 考查副词。句意：斯卡林在两个不同的班级里发现睡眠较多的同学表现较好，并且他于去年十一月把他的发现发表在了两本学术刊物上。根据空前的more可知，此处应用比较级，故填better。
30．答案与解析：and 考查连词。句意见上一题解析。由句意可知，两个分句之间是并列关系，应用并列连词，故填and。
语言知识运用练(六)
语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[2019·南昌二模] In a clean, clinical room, my best friend was dying in my arms. His eyes, dark brown and trusting, would soon __1__ forever. Heartbroken, I said, “Flash, you __2__ so much happiness to me. I will do something good as a __3__.”
Flash came into my __4__ when I was nine. From the moment my parents brought this cute dog home, he __5__ my family with joy.
Then, __6__ happened. My mum was diagnosed with breast cancer when I was 11. Then my grandma, who was my __7__， passed away. My sister developed Crohn's disease and while being tested, __8__ a heart attack. I was being bullied at school and started to __9__ classes and avoid seeing people.
Flash soon gave me all the __10__ he could offer. There were times when I felt there was no __11__， but a pair of brown eyes and loving face would somehow ease me. I knew he was __12__ there for me. I knew he understood.
Now after 15 years, Flash was __13__. I thought doing charity work was the best reward for him. I __14__ in a non-profit organization in Southampton and contributed about 3,500 hours to __15__ children with special needs, which completely changed my life. I learned to love the __16__ I had been on, and even accept the __17__ bits.
I still miss Flash. It was him that had somehow __18__ me to help others. Flash's death was one of the __19__ moments of my life. But it was also an inspiring moment that __20__ who I was — in the best possible way — forever.
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历 主题：狗狗去世让我加入志愿者行列
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，陪伴我多年的狗去世了，我悲痛欲绝，因为它曾经在我人生最艰难的时期陪伴我；狗离开我之后，我开始思考如何回报它的陪伴；于是，我加入了志愿者服务行列。
1．A.open B．close
C．shine D．fade
答案与解析：B 考查动词。根据上文“my best friend was dying”可知，狗就要去世了，它的眼睛即将永远闭上。故选B项。
2．A.brought B．told
C．saved D．owed
答案与解析：A 考查动词。根据第二段的内容可知，我九岁时，Flash走进“我”的生活，陪伴“我”。由此可知，它曾经给“我”带来了那么多的快乐，故选A项。
3．A.relief B．chance
C．bonus D．reward
答案与解析：D 考查名词。根据下文“I thought doing charity work was the best reward for him”可知，为了报答Flash的陪伴，“我”将尽自己的能力做一些事情回报它，故选D项。
4．A.mind B．room
C．world D．power
答案与解析：C 考查名词。根据下文“my parents brought this cute dog home”可知，在“我”九岁时，Flash进入“我”的世界，故选C项。
5．A.helped B．filled
C．protected D．decorated
答案与解析：B 考查动词。根据语境可知，Flash让“我”的家充满欢乐，故选B项。
6．A.disasters B．stories
C．wonders D．mistakes
答案与解析：A 考查名词。根据本段后面的内容可知，母亲患了癌症，祖母去世了，妹妹也生病了，并且“我”在学校受到同学的欺负。由此可知，“我”的家庭经历了一系列不幸的事情，故选A项。
7．A.burden B．trouble
C．strength D．challenge
答案与解析：C 考查名词。根据语境并结合选项可知，祖母当时是“我”的力量的源泉，故选C项。
8．A.caused B．noticed
C．fought D．suffered
答案与解析：D 考查动词。根据该句中的“while being tested”和“a heart attack”可推知，妹妹当时在检查的过程中，遭受了心脏病的折磨，故选D项。
9．A.skip B．give
C．take D．enjoy
答案与解析：A 考查动词。根据该句中的“being bullied at school”和“avoid seeing people”可知，“我”当时在学校受到欺负，并且开始避开人群。由此可推知，我当时开始逃课，故选A项。
10．A.comment B．comfort
C．expectation D．relaxation
答案与解析：B 考查名词。根据该段中的“ease me”“I knew he understood”可知，Flash给了“我”极大的安慰，故选B项。
11．A.hope B．time
C．money D．use
答案与解析：A 考查名词。根据第三段的内容可知，“我”曾经遇到了一系列的不幸，时常感到生活没有了希望，但是Flash棕色的眼睛、可爱的脸庞总是能让“我”感到宽慰，故选A项。
12．A.frequently B．sometimes
C．hardly D．always
答案与解析：D 考查副词。根据第10、11题的解析可知，Flash总是能够在“我”最困难的时候，一直在那里陪伴我，故选D项。
13．A.aging B．gone
C．missing D．deserted
答案与解析：B 考查动词。根据文章第一句并结合该句可知，现在，15年后，Flash离“我”而去了，故选B项。
14．A.searched B．competed
C．volunteered D．performed
答案与解析：C 考查动词。根据下文中的“a non-profit organization”和“contributed about 3,500 hours”可知，“我”在一家非营利机构做志愿者工作，故选C项。
15．A.attending to B．meeting with
C．talking about D．bringing up
答案与解析：A 考查动词短语。根据下文中的“children with special needs”可知，“我”付出了大约3 500个小时来照看有特殊需要的孩子，故选A项。
16．A.earth B．journey
C．holiday D．street
答案与解析：B 考查名词。根据上文中的“which completely changed my life”可知，通过志愿者服务，“我”的生活完全变了，“我”开始喜欢所经历的一切，无论是顺境还是磨难。故选B项。
17．A.fantastic B．absurd
C．hard D．pleasant
答案与解析：C 考查形容词。参见上题解析，故选C项。
18．A.led B．forced
C．trained D．persuaded
答案与解析：A 考查动词。根据上文的“I still miss Flash”及下文“an inspiring moment”可知，Flash引导“我”去帮助他人，故选A项。
19．A.fullest B．craziest
C．tiniest D．saddest
答案与解析：D 考查形容词。根据第一段中的“Heartbroken”可知，Flash的去世是“我”人生中最难过的时刻之一，故选D项。
20．A.explained B．transformed
C．admitted D．described
答案与解析：B 考查动词。根据上文中“which completely changed my life”并结合第18题的解析可知，正是Flash的去世让“我”发生了深刻的转变。故选B项。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2019·安徽六校第二次联考] National Love Our Children Day began in America in 2004. It 21.________ (fall) on the first Saturday in April. 22.________ (it) aim is to honor and celebrate America's children and stress the 23.________ (important) of love as they grow up. It is also intended to promote the relationship of family members and raise awareness of the need to protect children 24.________ the harmful side of the society. Some people may argue that every day should be Love Our Children Day. However, there are millions of other children in the world 25.________ are less fortunate and grow up without a loving childhood. Healthy and happy children provide the basis for a safe society for future generations when they become 26.________ (parent)．
National Love Our Children Day 27.________ (start) by the organization Love Our Children USA nearly 15 years ago. The organization helps to organize events across America to make children feel 28.________ (delight). Their website advises us 29.________ (spend) the day with the children and do something special together or buy them something they've been dreaming for 30.________ long time. Former mayor of New York City, Michael Bloomberg, also said, “All of our children deserve the love, encouragement and respect which they need to reach their full potential today and every day of the year.”
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明 主题：全国爱儿童日
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了美国的全国爱儿童日的相关内容。
21．答案与解析：falls 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它(全国爱儿童日)是在每年四月的第一个星期六。本句叙述的内容为客观事实，应用一般现在时，且本句主语为It，故谓语应用第三人称单数形式falls。fall on在此处意为“(节日等)适逢(某日)，正当(某日)”，故填falls。
22．答案与解析：Its 考查代词。句意：该节日的目的是为了对美国儿童表示关心，让人们重视“爱中成长”的重要性。设空处修饰名词aim，联系上两句可知，此处表示此节日的目的，表示所属关系，故用形容词性物主代词，故填Its。
23．答案与解析：importance 考查名词。句意见上一题解析。设空处前有定冠词the修饰，其后有介词of，设空处应用名词形式，故填importance。
24．答案与解析：from/against 考查介词。句意：该节日也希望促进家庭成员之间的关系，增强人们对保护儿童免受社会负面危害的意识。protect... from/against...固定短语“保护……免受……的伤害”，故填from/against。
25．答案与解析：who/that 考查定语从句。句意：然而，全世界仍有数百万儿童，在没有爱的童年中长大。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是children，关系词在定语从句中充当主语指人，用关系代词who/that，故填who/that。
26．答案与解析：parents 考查名词。句意：当健康快乐的孩子们成为父母，他们的后代也会享受到安全的生活环境。parent是可数名词，根据此空所在从句的主语为they可知，此处应用复数形式，故填parents。
27．答案与解析：was started 考查时态语态。句意：全国爱儿童日是大约15年前由“美国爱儿童组织”发起的。根据语境及本句时间状语nearly 15 years ago可知，此处应用一般过去时，本句主语为National Love Our Children Day，指物，为单数概念，与start之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was started。
28．答案与解析：delighted 考查形容词。句意：此组织帮助在全美组织活动，让孩子们感受到快乐。设空处前的feel为连系动词，其后常跟形容词作表语，表示主语的状态或特征，故填delighted。
29．答案与解析：to spend 考查非谓语动词。句意：此组织的网站建议我们花时间与儿童一起做一些特殊的事情，或是为他们买一些他们盼望已久的物品。advise意为“建议”，为及物动词，宾语后常跟to do作宾语补足语，亦可当作固定结构记忆。advise sb. to do sth.固定短语“建议某人做某事”。故填to spend。
30．答案与解析：a 考查冠词。句意见上一题解析。time虽为不可数名词，但之前有形容词long修饰，就变得具体，表泛指，故用不定冠词a。for a long time固定短语“很长一段时间”。故填a。
语言知识运用练(四)
语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[2019·成都第二次诊断] Earlier that evening, my mother called, telling me that my brother died in a car crash. I stumbled (跌跌撞撞地走) around the house __1__ what to put into the suitcases. My husband, Larry, and I had been __2__ for moving to New Mexico. The house was in (a) total __3__.
I tried to hold my tears. I __4__ picked things up and put them down. I couldn't __5__. What I'd heard on the phone echoed through my head.
Larry phoned a few friends. __6__， someone asked to speak to me. “If there is anything I can do, let me know.” “Thank you，” I replied. I didn't know what to __7__.
The doorbell rang and I rose slowly for the __8__. It was Donna.
“I've come to __9__ your shoes，” she said. __10__， I asked her to repeat. “When my father died, it took me __11__ to get the shoes cleaned and __12__ for my father's __13__，” she said. I hadn't even thought about shoes.
Shoes were gathered. Donna __14__ herself on the floor and got to work. The love in the act __15__ my tears. Watching her __16__ on one task helped me pull my __17__ into order. Laundry first, I told myself. One by one, the jobs fell into place.
Now whenever I hear of an acquaintance's __18__ of a loved one, I think of one __19__ task that suits that person's __20__. If the person asks, “How did you know I needed that？” I'd reply, “Because someone did that.”
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历 主题：关心失去亲人的熟人
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在失去亲人后心理状态很不好，由于受到了别人的帮助而恢复了正常之后，她也以同样的方式帮助失去亲人的熟人。
1．A.forgetting B．imagining
C．wondering D．searching
答案与解析：C 考查动词。根据空前的“I stumbled (跌跌撞撞地走)”和下文中的“I tried to hold my tears”以及文章开头第一句话可推知，作者听到亲人去世的噩耗时，有些不知所措，虽然是在收拾行李，却不知道该把什么放进手提箱里。wonder“感到疑惑，想知道”，符合语境，故选C项。
2．A.hoping B．packing
C．leaving D．planning
答案与解析：B 考查动词。根据本句中的“for moving to New Mexico”可推知，作者为搬家到新墨西哥州而打包，故选B项。
3．A.damage B．failure
C．despair D．mess
答案与解析：D 考查名词。根据上文可知，作者和丈夫一直在为搬家而收拾行李，由此可推知，当时作者的家里应该是很杂乱，故选D项。
4．A.aimlessly B．helplessly
C．quickly D．decisively
答案与解析：A 考查副词。根据上文“I tried to hold my tears”和本句中的“picked things up and put them down”可推知，作者因为听到弟弟去世的噩耗而悲伤不已，乱了方寸。aimlessly“无目的地；无计划地”符合语境，故选A项。
5．A.hurry B．decide
C．focus D．move
答案与解析：C 考查动词。根据语境可知，作者当时的心理状态非常不好，不能集中精力做事情。focus“集中(注意力、精力等于)”符合语境，故选C项。
6．A.Constantly B．Luckily
C．Suddenly D．Happily
答案与解析：A 考查副词。根据上文“Larry phoned a few friends”可推知，作者的丈夫将作者失去弟弟的事情告诉了一些朋友，他们接着就不断地打电话说愿意提供帮助，故选A项。
7．A.call for B．ask for
C．talk about D．get across
答案与解析：B 考查动词短语。根据语境可知，作者当时并不知道需要朋友们提供什么样的帮助。ask for“要求，请求”符合语境，故选B项。
8．A.telephone B．noise
C．person D．door
答案与解析：D 考查名词。根据本句中的“The doorbell rang”可知，作者站起来去开门，故选D项。
9．A.borrow B．remove
C．clean D．repair
答案与解析：C 考查动词。根据下文中的“to get the shoes cleaned”可推知，Donna是来帮作者清理鞋的，故选C项。
10．A.Touched B．Shocked
C．Confused D．Amused
答案与解析：C 考查形容词。根据本句中的“I asked her to repeat”可推知，作者当时对Donna说的来帮她清理鞋子感到困惑，故选C项。
11．A.minutes B．hours
C．weeks D．decades
答案与解析：B 考查名词。根据本句中的“When my father died”和下文“to get the shoes cleaned and __12__ for my father's __13__”可推知，Donna应是说她为了参加父亲的葬礼去清理鞋子并把它们擦亮，故选B项。
12．A.washed B．coped
C．selected D．shined
答案与解析：D 考查动词。参见上题解析，故选D项。
13．A.satisfaction B．funeral
C．smiles D．wishes
答案与解析：B 考查名词。参见第11题解析，故选B项。
14．A.laid B．stood
C．rested D．settled
答案与解析：D 考查动词。根据上文“Shoes were gathered”和语境可推知，当鞋被聚集到一起之后，Donna在地板上坐下来开始清理鞋，故选D项。
15．A.released B．held
C．stopped D．caused
答案与解析：A 考查动词。根据上文中的“I tried to hold my tears”和语境可知，Donna用行动所展示的关爱让作者感动得流泪，故选A项。
16．A.keeping B．concentrating
C．insisting D．depending
答案与解析：B 考查动词。根据上文“Donna __14__ herself on the floor and got to work”可知，当时Donna在专心地清理鞋。concentrate on固定短语“集中(注意力)于”符合语境，故选B项。
17．A.thoughts B．rooms
C．sadness D．luggage
答案与解析：A 考查名词。根据上文可知，作者当时因为亲人的突然离世而乱了思绪，而看到Donna专心地帮她清理鞋让她的思想恢复到了有序状态，故选A项。
18．A.feeling B．meeting
C．loss D．story
答案与解析：C 考查名词。由上文提到作者的弟弟突然离世可知，此处表示每当“我”听说熟人的亲人去世，故选C项。
19．A.specific B．normal
C．strange D．perfect
答案与解析：A 考查形容词。根据上文中的“Watching her __16__ on one task”可知，“我”会想一件能满足那个失去亲人的熟人需要的具体的工作，故选A项。
20．A.idea B．personality
C．identity D．need
答案与解析：D 考查名词。参见上题解析，故选D项。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2019·安徽五校联盟第二次检测] Dragon Heads-raising Day, 21.________ falls each year on the second day of the second lunar month, is one of the Chinese traditional festivals. As the proverb goes, “The dragon is awake, 22.________ (raise) its head.”On this day, dragons, a prominent totem (图腾) in Chinese culture raise 23.________ (they) heads with the sound of thunder. Around this time, the earth 24.________ (burst) with life. Grass and trees are beginning to shoot up. In ancient China, people 25.________ (pray) beside a river or a lake for the precious spring rain to breed their crops.
26.________ (tradition), food eaten on this day was renamed after parts of the dragon. For instance, wontons were called “dragon's eyes”. The special 27.________ (food) usually eaten on this day include dragon's scales, popcorn and pig's heads.
In Shanxi, people get their hair 28.________ (cut) in a symbolic move to remove the old and embrace the new. In 29.________ countryside in Hebei Province, people would fetch water from a well at dawn. It was believed 30.________ on this day the well was full of dragon eggs which would bring the collector a good harvest.
体裁：说明文 题材：节日风俗 主题：农历二月二的传统风俗
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了农历二月二时中国的传统风俗。
21．答案与解析：which 考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“Dragon Heads-raising Day”，空处在从句中作主语，故用which引导该定语从句，填which。
22．答案与解析：raising 考查非谓语动词。该句主语“The dragon”和动词raise为逻辑上的主谓关系，此处作伴随状语，故用其现在分词形式，填raising。
23．答案与解析：their 考查代词。空处修饰后面的名词“heads”，故用形容词性物主代词，填their。
24．答案与解析：is bursting 考查固定用法。根据常识并结合语境可知，大概就是这个时候，大地生机勃勃。此处考查固定用法be bursting with sth.，表示“充满某物”，且该句主语为“the earth”，为第三人称单数，叙述的为客观情况，故谓语动词用is，故填is bursting。
25．答案与解析：would pray/prayed 考查时态。该处可以看成在古代人们在二月二习惯性的做法，故用would＋动词；根据该句的时间状语“In ancient China”可知，该处陈述的是发生在中国古代的事情，故也可用一般过去时，故填would pray/prayed。
26．答案与解析：Traditionally 考查副词。空处修饰整个句子，故用其副词形式，填Traditionally。
27．答案与解析：foods 考查名词。根据该句中的“include dragon's scales, popcorn and pig's heads”可知，这一天人们吃多种食物，且谓语动词“include”为复数，故空处用复数，填foods。
28．答案与解析：cut 考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，此处考查固定用法get sth. done，表示“使某事发生”，故填cut。
29．答案与解析：the 考查冠词。根据语境可知，特指乡下countryside前加the，故填the。
30．答案与解析：that 考查主语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句中的“It”为形式主语，真正主语是空处引导的主语从句；该从句为陈述句，故用that引导该主语从句，填that。
