课件113张PPT。题型一 选择型阅读
河南中考选择型阅读理解设题角度多样,包括细节理解题、推理判断题、 词义猜测题、主旨大意题。
题型一????细节理解题
1.题型特点
这类题在阅读理解中所占比例较大。它常常针对文章中的事实和细节进行提 问,即针对(w)h-问题,如用when,where,why,how,who,which,what等进行提问,目的 在于测试学生对说明文章中心思想的支撑事实和细节的理解能力。细节理解题型解读题主要分为是非判断题、填空题和多项选择题。
2.细节理解题主要的设问方式
①Which of the following is true/not true?
②Which of the following is mentioned/not mentioned in the passage?
③Choose the right order of the events given in the passage.
④Which of the following best describes...?
⑤Which of the following shows/gives the right relationship/position of...?
⑥When/Where/Why/Who/What/How...?3.细节理解题的解题技巧
所谓“事实细节”,是指在阅读理解的短文中客观存在的事实。细节理解题的 答案一般都可以在原文中找到。一般来说,应在短文中找出相关信息的位置,确 定试题测试的考点。当然,有的试题还得对原文所提供的事实进行一定的分析 比较,才能做出正确的选择。
(1)搜寻直接答案的阅读技巧
先阅读所给问题,判断其是否适合采用直接搜寻的阅读方法。如果所提问题是 文章中出现的内容(即直接性答案),就可直接搜寻答案。
(2)搜寻间接答案的阅读技巧
①阅读文章所给问题,判断哪些题目可以依靠通读来解决。比如概括文章主题,给无标题文章选标题,指出作者的观点、意图等的题目就需要依靠通读来解 决。
②用较短的时间大体上浏览一下阅读材料,注意文章有可能涉及什么内容,属于 什么体裁风格以及文章安排的大体轮廓等。
③从头到尾阅读一遍。一般来说,第一段或前几句包含作者的基本思想和下文 的发展线索,它是全文展开的基础,为下文发展搭建了理论框架。认真阅读第一 段或文章的前几句,尽量抓住其中的主要情节和论点,把握全文发展的脉络。
④运用其他段落的开头句和结尾句。据统计,英语阐述性文章中有60%~90%的 段落的开头为主题句,表达出该段的主题思想,有时开头句主题思想不明确,结尾句则很可能提出。从段落的开头句和结尾句中常常能很快地找到段落的主 题。
⑤发挥结尾段的作用。多数文章的结尾段具有特殊意义。作者一般在结尾段 对前几段做总结、下结论,表达自己的观点和立场。结尾段一般与开头段(句) 相呼应,将文章的首段(句)和结尾联系起来,往往可以有效地把握全文的中心思 想。题型二????推理判断题
1.题型特点
推理判断题主要考查学生对文章言外之意的理解。这种题目有一定的难度,往 往不能直接从文中找到答案,而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文 章进行深层理解后,才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等弦 外之音、文外之意加以推理,获取作者在文章中没有直接表述出来的态度、观 点等。这种类型的题主要有三种形式:语意推理题、结论推理题和出处推理 题。语意推理题要求学生根据文章、段落或句子的表层信息推断出深层含义, 比如推断文章或段落的中心思想、句子的言外之意等;结论推理题和出处推理题要求学生根据文章中所列举的事实推断出符合逻辑的结论或文章的出处。
2.推理判断题主要的设问方式
①It can be inferred/concluded/seen from the passage that...
②Which of the following conclusions can be drawn according to the passage?
③The writer suggests that...
④The writer uses the example of...to show that...
⑤What's the writer's attitude toward...?
⑥What's the writer's purpose of writing the passage?
⑦From the passage,we know...⑧The writer probably agrees that...
3.推理判断题的解题技巧
中考的阅读理解不仅要求考生读懂短文中的每个句子,而且还要求考生能理解 句子之间的内在联系。有的试题要求根据中学生必须具有的常识,对所读的短 文进行一定程度的推断;有的试题还要求了解其内在的逻辑关系,从而对所读的 内容形成较深层的理解。一般来说,这类问题都不可能直接从原文中找到答案, 必须根据原文提供的有关信息,进行合理的推断才能回答。完成推理判断题,通 常应注意以下两点:
(1)特别留心特定细节所谓“特定细节”,就是问题所涉及的范围和对象中的细节事实。它一般包括 事实根据、名字(人物或地点)、数字(日期或统计数字)、关键词语的其他表达 方法(同义词、近义词、反义词)等。
(2)注意作者的语气和态度
作者的语气和态度通常体现在短文所使用的措辞和句式上。要特别注意感情 色彩比较浓重的形容词和副词,特别留心短文句子的长度和结构。从措辞上我 们可以推断出作者对所讨论话题的态度(肯定或否定,赞成或反对,褒扬或讽刺, 喜好或厌恶等);从句式的长短和结构可以判断出作者讨论问题的语气(郑重其 事还是轻松活泼,实事求是还是夸大其词,真挚热诚还是冷嘲热讽等)。题型三????词义猜测题
1.题型特点
这类题型旨在考查学生利用上下文对词、词组以及句子的辨别能力。利用上 下文猜测词义是阅读理解的基本技巧之一,也是我们学习词汇的主要方法。在 阅读过程中,有些同学一遇到生僻词语就查词典,这是不可取的。一遇到生僻词 语就查阅词典不但会使我们养成依赖词典的习惯,而且还会影响阅读速度。我 们阅读汉语文章时遇到不认识的词语是否都查词典呢?答案是否定的。可是我 们如何理解它们的呢?利用上下文提示猜测词义就是诀窍。
词义猜测题的类型主要有三种:熟词新义要求学生在某一特定的语言环境中推断某一多义词的正确意思;生词释义要求学生根据范围较小的上下文推断出词 义;难句释义要求学生根据范围稍大的上下文推断句意。
2.词义猜测题主要的设问方式
①What's the meaning of the underlined word/phrase...in Chinese?
②The underlined word...refers to/probably means...
③The underlined word...could be replaced by...
④What is the meaning of...
⑤Which of the following words can take the place of the word...?3.词义猜测题的解题技巧
(1)通过因果关系猜测词义
通过因果关系猜词,首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系,然后才能猜词。 有时文章借助关联词(如because,as,since,for,so,thus,as a result,of course,therefore 等)表示因果关系。
例 You shouldn't have blamed him for that,for it wasn't his fault.
解析 通过第二个for连接的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错),可猜出blame的 词义是“责备”。
(2)通过同义词和同义关系猜测词义
在文章中,有时作者为避免重复,或为了表达同一事物的不同种类,使用同义词或近义词。在这种情况下,我们就可以利用同义词、近义词的关系由熟悉的词 语推测不熟悉词语的含义。
通过同义词猜词,一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组,如happy and gay,即使 我们不认识gay这个词,也可以知道它是“愉快的”的意思;二是看在进一步解 释的过程中使用的同义词。
例 Man has known something about the planets Venus,Mars,and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.
解析 此句中的Venus(金星),Mars(火星),Jupiter(木星)均为生词,但只要知道 planets就可猜出这几个词都属于“行星”这一领域。(3)通过反义词和反义关系猜测词义
有时作者为了说明相反的两件事或人,使用了一些反义词或表示反义关系的词 语来进行对比,我们可以利用已知单词推测未知单词的词义。
通过反义词猜词,一是看表转折关系的连词或副词,如but,while,however等;二是 看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语。
例 He is so homely,not at all as handsome as his brother.
解析 根据“not at all as handsome...”我们不难推测出homely是“不英俊的, 不漂亮的”的意思。(4)通过构词法猜测词义
在阅读文章时,我们总会遇上一些新词汇,有时很难根据上下文来推断其词义, 而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用,此时,如果掌握了一些常用的词 根、前缀、后缀等构词法知识,这些问题便不难解决了。
(5)通过定义或释义关系猜测词义
定义或解释形式多样,常由is,that is(to say),in other words,call,mean,be considered to be,refer to,be called,be known as,define,represent,signify等词汇或破折号来表 示。作者为了更好地表达思想,在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或词 汇等进行解释。这些解释提供的信息具有明确的针对性,利用它们猜词义比较 容易。如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定义,理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。
例 But sometimes,no rain falls for a long,long time.Then there is a dry period,or drought.
解析 由上述例句可知很久不下雨,于是便有一段干旱的时期,即drought,由此 可见drought的意思是“久旱,旱灾”。而a dry period和drought是同义词。这种 同义或释义关系常由is,or,that is,in other words,be called或破折号等来表示。
(6)通过举例来猜测词义
恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重要线索。
例 Bananas,oranges,pineapples,coconuts and some other kinds of fruit grow in
warm areas.
解析 pineapples和coconuts是生词,我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来 判断它们大概的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples,coconuts和bananas,oranges是 同类关系,同属fruit类,因此它们是两样水果,准确地说,是菠萝和椰子。
(7)通过描述猜测词义
描述即作者为帮助读者更深刻更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出 的描写。
例????The penguin is a kind of seabird living in the South Pole.It is fat and walks in a funny way.Although it cannot fly,it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.解析 从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类,即企鹅。后 面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。
(8)根据上下文猜测词义
①有些单词并不能直接猜测出其词义,但可以根据上下文的提示猜测出其词 义。
例 One of the things I always believe is that no matter how bad something is,you can take something positive out of it.
It wasn't until a few weeks after September 11 that I began to see that perhaps some good did come from this tragedy.The word“positive”in the passage probably means ????.
A.terrible B.bad C.good D.real
解析 根据上文“我一直认为不管世间的事物有多么糟,你还是能发现它积极 的一面。”因此答案为C。
②在句子或段落中,若事物、现象之间构成因果关系,我们可以根据这种逻辑关 系推知生词词义。
例 If he thinks he can invite me out,he is all wet.I don't like to be with him.
The underlined phrase“all wet”means ????.
A.drunk B.sweating
C.happy D.wrong
解析????根据下文“我不喜欢跟他在一起”可知,他如果认为能约我出去,那就 “错了”。因此D是正确答案。
(9)根据生活常识猜测词义
有时,我们利用自己的生活常识,便可知道生词的含义。
例 A deaf-and-dumb guy went into a hardware store to ask for some nails.
从句子意思可知他想买钉子,那么卖钉子的商店无疑是五金店。
(10)利用单词的发音进行推测
英语中有些单词来自汉语,与汉语的发音有些相似,另外也有一些单词译成汉语时采用音译,如:sofa(沙发),coffee(咖啡),typhoon(台风),aspirin(阿司匹林),nylon (尼龙)等。因此,利用单词的发音也是一种猜测词义的方法。
例 The Olympic Games began in the 5th century BC.
One day it was revealed that Mrs Morel had cancer and was beyond any help except that of morphine.
上面这两个句子中画线的两个词,只要我们能准确发音,就能知道它们的意思是 “奥林匹克”和“吗啡”。题型四????主旨大意题
1.题型特点
要求在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章进行归纳、概括或评价。解答这种题 型时,不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义,比如涉及文章的标题(title)、主题 (main idea)、结论(conclusion)、结局(end)等有关问题,都需要在细读全文的基 础上,结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识等进行逻辑推理和判断,从而挖 掘出文章中隐含的信息。
2.主旨大意题主要的设问方式
①What's the main idea of this passage?②What is the passage mainly about?
③What does the passage mainly discuss?
④The writer means to tell us that ????.
⑤The main idea of the passage is that ????.
⑥The passage is mainly about ????.
⑦From the passage we can learn/conclude that ????.
⑧The last paragraph is chiefly concerned with ????.
⑨What's the best title for the passage?
⑩What would be the best title for the passage??The best title for the passage is ????.
3.主旨大意题的解题技巧
(1)留心关键词,抓住文章主旨;串联主要细节,推断文章中心思想。所谓关键词, 即文章中反复出现的、与主题有关的实词,如名词、动词等。冠词或介词等虚 词均不在关键词之列。需要注意的是,为了避免同一词的过多重复,文章有时会 使用这个词的同义词、近义词,或用代词指代。我们知道,并不是所有文章都包 含明确的主题句,比如大多数记叙文。记叙文的中心思想多隐藏在具体的细节 中,作者通过众多的细节事实对一个中心点进行论述。因此,我们必须善于串联 主要细节,从中归纳文章的中心思想。(2)注意段落主题句,归纳文章大意。
段落的主题通常由被称为主题句(Topic Sentence)的句子来表示。主题句有两 个功能:①介绍段落的主题(Topic);②阐述控制概念(Controlling Idea),控制概念 用以控制段落中句子讨论的内容。
主题句通常是一段的第一句或末尾一句,偶尔在一段中间。我们在阅读非故事 性文章(如科普文章)的时候,主题句尤为明显。有的文章无明显的主题句,主题 句隐含在段意之中。
①主题句位于段首
主题句位于段首是由作者先立论,后摆事实讲道理的写作手法形成的。这种段落称作演绎型段落。据有关统计数字表明,在英语议论文或说明文中,有60%~9 0%的主题句是段落的第一句。
a.寻找主题句
有些段落,有明显的引出细节的信息词,常见的信息词有:for example,an example of,the most important example,first,second,next,then,last,finally,to begin with,also, besides that等。
在阅读中,应尽量利用上述信息词确定主题句的位置。从段落中的for example 可以断定,前一句话是主题句。如果无明显的信息词,可先假设第一句话为主题 句,在第二句话前面添加一个for example,看看第二句话是否可以支撑第一句话,如果第二句话不能支撑第一句话,便在其他地方找出主题句。
b.选择答案
先彻底弄懂主题句的句意,然后阅读所给选项,选择与主题句句意相吻合的答 案,如主题句的再现,主题句句意的转述或推论等,排除与主题句句意无关的答 案,如支撑细节和文章中未曾阐述的事实等。
②主题句位于段末
主题句位于段末是作者采用了先摆事实,后做结论的手法。这种段落称作归纳 型段落。③主题句位于段落的中间
主题句偶尔也出现在段落的中间,但不一定就在正中间。有时,第一句并非主题 句,而是承上启下的过渡句。在这种情况下,第二句便成了主题句。此外,主题 句也可能是段落的倒数第二句。
方法一????细节理解题——细读法
分段细读,注意细节,注意语言结构,抓住主要事实、关键信息,揭示文章结 构的内在联系,帮助深化理解。一篇文章是一个有机的整体,段与段之间存在着 内在的紧密联系,而每段的内容都与主题有着很重要的联系,所以弄清文章结构 上的问题,对于把握文章主题或文章大意非常重要。方法技巧方法二????推理判断题——推理法
推理判断是细节理解的延伸,在阅读的时候要根据文章具体事实细节、句子关 系去分析和推理,从而达到整体理解的目的。方法三????词义猜测题——猜测法
要学会根据上下文猜测遇到的新单词,这样既提高了阅读速度又培养了一 种能力,这也是英语阅读的关键所在。培养自己的猜词能力是很有必要的,但是 若遇到了关键的词句且影响对文章的理解则提倡学生使用手中的工具书,自行 查阅并解决学习中遇到的困难。方法四????主旨大意题——概读法
从每篇文章的标题到各个部分都进行概读,以归纳出要点,概括作者的意图、观 点、态度,这样就能了解全文的概貌。概读还有助于考生把握上下文之间的意 义联系,培养自己的综合概括能力。
A组 河南中考题组
Passage 1(2019河南,A)题组训练 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1.Which may not be a good question for the interview in #1?A.What did you do for fun?
B.How did you go to school?
C.What were your parents like?
D.What's the plan for your future?2.Which is suggested in #2?
A.Throwing away what you've found.
B.Selling something that is not needed.
C.Asking your parents for pocket money.
D.Using CDs that you've found as presents.
3.What is the proper title for #1,#2,#3 and #4 separately?
a.Clear out Your Room
b.Create a Memory Book
c.Help on a Nearby Farm
d.Discover Family History
A.a-d-b-c B.d-a-b-c C.d-b-a-c D.c-a-b-d
4.What can working on a farm bring to you?
A.Your love for country music.
B.The interest in your future job.
C.The experience of farm work.
D.The fun of sharing with friends.
5.Who is the text written for?
A.Teens. B.Teachers. C.Parents. D.Farmers.
答案 1.D 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.A
Passage 2(2019河南,B)
Clara Daly was sitting on an Alaska Airlines flight from Boston to Los Angeles when she heard a worried voice over the loudspeaker:“Does anyone on board know American Sign Language?”
Clara, 15 at the time, pressed the call button. An air hostess came by and explained the situation. “We have a passenger on the plane who's blind and deaf,”she said. The passenger seemed to want something, but he was traveling alone and the air hostesses couldn't understand what he needed.Clara had been studying ASL for the past year to help blind and deaf people and she knew she'd be able to finger spell into the man's palm. So she rose from her seat, walked toward the front of the plane, and knelt by the seat of Tim Cook, then 64. Gently taking his hand, she signed, “How are you?Are you OK?”Cook asked for some water.
When it arrived, Clara returned to her seat. She came by again a bit later because he wanted to know the time. On her third visit, she stopped and stayed for a while.
“He didn't need anything. He was lonely and wanted to talk,”Clara said.
So for the next hour, she talked about her family and her plans for the future. Cook told Clara how he had become blind over time and shared stories of his days as a traveling salesman. Even though he couldn't see her, she “looked attentively at his face with such kindness,”a passenger reported.“Clara was amazing,”an air hostess told Alaska Airlines in an interview. “You could tell Cook was very excited to have someone he could speak to, and she was such an angel.”Cook's reply:“Best trip I've ever had.”
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1.What was the air hostesses' problem?
A.They had a very difficult passenger.
B.They couldn't understand the passenger.
C.They didn't know the passenger's name.
D.They didn't have what the passenger wanted.
2.Why did Clara Daly believe she could help?
A.Because she happened to learn some ASL.B.Because she had helped people like Cook.
C.Because she thought she might know Cook.
D.Because her grandfather had the same problem.
3.Into which did Clara Daly finger spell with Tim Cook?
?
4.Why did Tim Cook keep asking for service?
A.Because he was hungry and thirsty.B.Because he needed someone to talk to.
C.Because he was afraid of taking planes.
D.Because he was interested in Clara's story.
5.Which of the following words best describe Clara Daly?
A.Brave and clever.
B.Beautiful and lovely.
C.Patient and caring.
D.Outgoing and friendly.
答案 1.B 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.CPassage 3(2019河南,C)
Thousands of years ago, Britain was covered by thick forests, home to many ani- mals which no longer live in the United Kingdom. There were wolves and bears, many different kinds of deer and large wild cows. There were less than four million people. They lived in small villages protected by wooden walls from the animals outside.
All this has changed, of course. Now the population of the United Kingdom has in- creased to sixty-five million. Three-quarters of Britain is covered with fields, towns or cities. Although 25 percent of land is countryside, new methods of farming mean that there are fewer birds and small animals living in fields than ever before. The United Kingdom is one of the few countries in the world that does not have a large wild animal that eats meat. In Scotland there are only 400 wildcats, but these are much smaller than wolves.
Some people would like to change things, however!Some organizations and writers say that Britain needs to become more natural again. They suggest that trees and plants that grew in the UK before towns and cities were built should be allowed to grow again. They even say that large wild animals which have not lived in the UK should be helped to return and live wild. They call this “rewilding”.Not everyone agrees. In the last twenty years, over one million trees which at first grew in Scotland have been planted and there are plans for more—but wild ani- mals?Some people ask if wolves will attack sheep or even humans. They are also angry that rewilding might mean an end to walking in the hills which so many peo- ple enjoy. So far there are no wolves or bears in Britain's forests—but soon there might be!
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1.What was the population of the UK thousands of years ago?
A.About 25 million.
B.Over 65 million.
C.More than 61 million.
D.Not more than four million.
2.Why are there fewer birds and small animals in fields in the UK?
A.Because more trees have been planted.B.Because there are more large wild animals.
C.Because pollution is much worse than before.
D.Because people use new methods of farming.
3.Which paragraph gives opinions from “rewilding”supporters?
A.Paragraph 1. B.Paragraph 2.
C.Paragraph 3. D.Paragraph 4.
4.What are some people against?
A.Living closer to nature.
B.Planting more and more trees.C.Helping large wild animals return.
D.Building more villages and towns.
5.What's the best title for the text?
A.Making Britain wild again B.A trip to wild Britain
C.An introduction to Britain D.Protecting the environment
答案 1.D 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.APassage 4(2018河南,A)1.If you are interested in painting, you may call ???? for more information.
A.020 8371 9686 B.01202 363831
C.020 8563 7725 D.01865 552031
2.If you visit ????, you may get some information about drama.
A.aub.ac.uk ????
B.www.stclares.ac.uk ????
C.xukcamps.com ????
D.www.youthmusictheatreuk.org3.Eight-year-old Mike can go to ???? in the summer.
A.XUK Activity Summer Camp
B.Creative Arts Summer School
C.Summer English at St Clare's, Oxford
D.YMT's Musical Theatre Summer Camps 2018
4.What's special about Summer English at St Clare's, Oxford?
A.It is open to all ages. ????
B.It requires creative ideas. ????
C.It has experienced staff. ????
D.It offers language courses.5.Where is the text most probably from?
A.A science report.
B.A school introduction.
C.A shopping poster.
D.A website for teenagers.
答案 1.B 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.DPassage 5(2018河南,B)
In Los Angeles, a waiter served a group of teens. The waiter remembered his expe- rience as a young high school student. So he made sure the teens had a pleasant ex-
perience at the restaurant. The waiter made sure of it.
After serving all the teens and doing a great job, he was left a tip(小费),only$3.28. That was hardly enough to buy a drink at Starbucks.
The waiter went home. And he felt hatred for the students who did not know the value of hard work. They looked down on people like him. Or so he thought.
After several days, the waiter forgot about it. His life went on as usual. But ten days later, he received a letter from the teens.“About a week and a half ago, on October 7, my three friends and I came to eat at this restaurant as our own homecoming celebration. It was an exciting experience
for us to be here alone, and it was all new to us. And you were the best waiter we could ask for. You were kind, helpful, and didn't treat us like babies! So I want to say thank you for making our ‘grown-up' experience so amazing and fun.
“I would also like to say sorry on behalf of(代表) my group. Since we were new to all of this, our 13-year-old minds didn't exactly know how to deal with the bill. The bill was reasonable(合乎情理的),but we had completely forgotten(and didn't know,to be honest) what a tip even was, let alone how much to give. So we emptied our pockets, and all our money added up to $3.28.“Having no idea of how small this really was, we left. Later, we realized our mis-
take and felt terrible. We knew we had to make it right.
“So together with this letter, you will find the correct 18% tip + extra for simply being amazing. Thank you for your help and patience and also thank you for mak- ing our night fun. Thank you!”
1.How did the waiter receive the group of teens?
A.He tried to make them pay more.
B.He served them like other waiters.
C.He treated them as young children.
D.He did his best to make them happy.2.Why did the group of teens leave that small tip?
A.Because they looked down on the waiter.
B.Because they didn't know what a tip meant.
C.Because they weren't pleased with the service.
D.Because they thought the tip should be that much.
3.What made the teens write the letter?
A.The tip they left for the waiter.
B.The bill the restaurant received.
C.The way the waiter served them.
D.The fun they had at the restaurant.
4.What do restaurant waiters mind most in America?
A.What kind of guests they receive.
B.What dishes people usually order.
C.Whether they are given reasonable tips.
D.How much customers pay for their meals.
5.What did the group of teens try to say in the letter?
A.They were quite thankful for the waiter's service.
B.They had realized their mistake and made it right.
C.They had a wonderful experience at the restaurant.
D.They wanted more customers to go to the restaurant.
答案 1.D 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B
Passage 6(2018河南,C)
The spring season brings warm weather, flowers and other changes for people to enjoy. For some restaurant cooks, the most exciting spring arrival is ramps.
Ramps are a wild plant in the eastern mountains of North America. They are one of the first plants that grow in the spring, usually between April and May. They are recognized(识别) by their red stem(茎), and two long and wide green leaves. They
are also famous for their strong taste, similar to onions(洋葱).
Ramps are not as well-known as other vegetables, but they have a long history in the United States. In the Appalachian Mountains, ramps have been an important
food for a long time. During spring, it is common for small towns in the Appalachi- an area to hold large ramp dinners for the community.
However, over the last 30 years, ramps' popularity has grown quickly. They are now a highly-desired vegetable for many nice restaurants in cities like New York and Washington D.C.
One reason the plant is popular is that it grows in the wild. It is difficult to grow
them on farms. Most restaurants get them from foragers, who collect ramps by searching forests for some small pieces of land where they grow. Ramps have a short season. Within a few weeks of full growth, the plant is done for the year. This short life is some reason for their popularity.
And that popularity could lead to their disappearance from Earth. In 1995, the local government in Quebec, Canada, stopped people selling the plant to businesses in order to protect the plant against being over-dug.
The season is short, but it has not ended yet. If you are in the right place, you still have time to try a taste of ramps yourself.
1.Why are ramps so popular in North America?
A.Because they grow in spring.
B.Because they have a good taste.
C.Because they are hard to get.
D.Because they have a long history.
2.Which of the following is the picture of a ramp?
3.What does the word “they” refer to (指的是)?
A.foragers B.ramps
C.customers D.restaurants
?4.Why were people stopped from selling ramps to businesses?
A.Because ramps were in great danger.
B.Because ramps' smell polluted the air.
C.Because it cost too much to grow ramps.
D.Because the government wanted to make money.
5.What's the best title for the text?
A.Americans go crazy for ramps in spring
B.Americans have discovered a new vegetable
C.Ramps were once popular in North America
D.Ramps will soon be enjoyed all over the world
答案 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.A
Passage 7(2017河南,A)注:recommend推荐;spice(调味)香料
1.What's special about Musical Chairs?
A.Sunday is classic rock night every week.
B.The chairs there can play wonderful music.
C.The restaurant only welcomes music lovers.
D.You can enjoy your meal with live music there.
2.Which of the following does The Chocolate Box serve?
A.Fish. B.Cakes.
C.Seafood. D.Chicken.3.Why do people go to Last Days of the Raj?
A.To show others how brave they will be.
B.To enjoy the meal while watching shows.
C.To try the dishes there cooked with spices.
D.To have meals in the garden all year round.
4.What can people do at A Taste of Tuscany?
A.Enjoy a relaxed breakfast.
B.Taste dishes cooked in Italy.
C.Have a value-for-money lunch.
D.Learn to cook pasta and seafood.
5.What is recommended in the text?
A.Hot restaurants. B.Special foods.
C.Weekend activities. D.The best places to go.
答案 1.D 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.APassage 8(2017河南,B)
Not only kids of Tiger Moms go to Harvard.
Dawn Loggins of Lawndale, N.C., is on her way to Harvard, one of the eight world- famous universities in the eastern US. Nobody encouraged her to study or paid for
her special classes. This girl created her own future.
The teen was abandoned by her family last summer, when her parents and two sis- ters moved to Tennessee. She found herself homeless and had to spend the night on friends' sofas.
The school bus driver learned about Dawn's situation and invited Dawn to move in with her family. Soon, Dawn had a job at Burns High School. She worked from 6 a.m. to 7:40 a.m. before the first school bell rang. She swept floors and picked up trash again in the afternoons, before diving(跳水)into her studies in the evenings.
Dawn's hard work paid off. She finished school with a 3.9 GPA and scored 2,110
on the SAT.
“There were times when I felt like it would be easiest if I gave up,”the 18-year- old said. “But it was never in me to give up, because I realized that I was never going to be successful unless I got an education.”
Even before Dawn's family left her, she led a difficult life. Her family was poor and cups of noodles were often the only food. Dawn“studied by candlelight”be- cause her parents couldn't afford to pay the electricity bill(电费).Dawn has now reconnected with her family. They're proud of her accomplishments (成就)and are attending her high school graduation.
1.Why didn't Dawn give up her studies?
A.To reconnect with her family.
B.To thank those who had helped her.
C.To get an education to be successful.
D.To realize her dream of going to Harvard.
2.Who helped Dawn when she found herself homeless?
A.Her teachers. B.Her neighbors.
C.A Tiger Mom. D.A school bus driver.3.What does the underlined word“abandoned”mean in Chinese?
A.宠爱 B.抛弃
C.鼓励 D.虐待
4.Which of the following words best describes Dawn?
A.Open-minded. B.Good-natured.
C.Strong-willed. D.Warm-hearted.
5.What's the best title for the text?
A.Another Harvard girl B.A girl in candlelight
C.From homeless to Harvard D.The role of Tiger Moms
答案 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.C
Passage 9(2017河南,C) The idea that red means stop and green means go has influenced our lives in more ways than just traffic signals(信号). We have been taught from a young age that the color red means danger and green means it's okay to move forward. But why were those colors chosen for traffic lights in the first place?For something we have to look at every day, why couldn't they have been prettiercolors?
Well, it's important to know that before traffic lights for cars, there were traffic signals for trains. At first, railway companies used red to mean stop, white to mean go, and green to mean warn. As you could imagine, trains ran into a few problems with white meaning go. For example, one train mistook a bright star for a white light and something unexpected happened. Because of that, railway companies fi- nally moved green meaning go and used yellow to mean warn. And it's been that way ever since.
Red has always been a color that meant danger, long before cars were even around. This most likely started because it's the color with the longest wavelength(波长)so it can be seen somewhere farther than other colors.
But, believe it or not, yellow was once used to mean stop. Back in the 1900s, some stop signs were yellow because it was too hard to see a red sign in a poorly lit area. Finally, highly reflective materials(高反射材料)were developed and red stop signs were born. Since yellow can be seen well at all times of the day, school zones, some traffic signs, and school buses continue to be painted yellow.
So next time you're impatiently waiting at a traffic light, don't get so mad at them; they've certainly come a long way.1.What were traffic signals for before traffic lights for cars?
A.Trains. B.Boats. C.Planes. D.Bicycles.
2.Which of the following colors meant go at first?
A.Red. B.Yellow. C.White. D.Green.
3.Why does red mean danger?
A.Because it's the brightest color.
B.Because it can be seen far away.
C.Because railway companies say so.
D.Because it has the shortest wavelength.
4.Why are school buses painted yellow?
A.Because yellow is a prettier color.
B.Because yellow once meant danger.
C.Because yellow can be seen well in daytime.
D.Because yellow means it's OK to go forward.
5.What does the text mainly tell us?
A.How important traffic lights are.
B.Which color has the longest wavelength.
C.What red, yellow and green can be used for.
D.Why traffic lights are red, yellow and green.
答案 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.D
B组 全国中考题组
Passage 1(2019北京,A)
Experiencing China1.Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital?
A.Mike. B.Joanna. C.Bill. D.Cindy.
2.How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China?
A.Three months. B.Four months.
C.Five months. D.Six months.
3.Cindy thinks her host sister is ????.
A.a wonderful cook B.a responsible doctor
C.a warm-hearted teacher D.a hardworking student
答案 1.A 2.C 3.D
Passage 2(2019北京,B)
Blue LightningSally loved cars more than anything else. This spring she thought of building a go- kart to enter for the Go-Go Race. So she asked her dad for help.“Well,”he said. “How about this:you do some research first and then come back to me with a design.”
A week later, Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad. She named her go-kart “Blue Lightning”. Dad looked over her work, thinking. “Well, that's interest- ing,” he said. “Have a try. Just build Blue Lightning as you've designed.”
Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design into a real, working go- kart and painted it light blue. Dad asked her to take it for a test drive. Sally agreed.
After she did that, Sally drove back to Dad.“Well,”she said. “Now I know why you wanted me to have a test drive.”“Oh, do you?”he said. “Please share.”
“When I drove fast, there was a lot of pushback,”she said. “I think it's because of the lightning bolt(闪电)shape.”
“Very good!”Dad said.
“So, why didn't you tell me about that problem in the first place?”Sally asked.
Dad laughed.“Where's the fun in that?If you give a man a fish, he'll eat for a day. But if you teach a man to fish, he'll eat for a lifetime.”
Sally said,“I see. Anyway, designing is half the fun!”
Dad smiled. “Good. Sometimes, learning happens during the process. We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way.”
That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder. When she showed Dad her new go-kart, he nodded with pride.
Finally came the race. Sally wasn't worried about whether she would win—in her mind, she had already won, by building something better than ever before.
1.Sally thought of building a go-kart to ????.
A.practice driving B.enter for a race
C.play with friends D.do some research2.What did Sally's dad ask her to do after she built the go-kart?
A.To have a test drive. B.To take a good rest.
C.To give it a cool name. D.To paint it light blue.
3.Sally's story mainly tells us that ????.
A.winning a race is important
B.fishing brings us a lot of fun
C.driving experience is necessary
D.learning happens during the process
答案 1.B 2.A 3.DPassage 3(2019北京,C)
Sometimes it seems that time is flying. Perhaps it doesn't need to feel this way. Our experience of time can be possibly changed. By understanding the psychological (心理学的)processes behind our different experiences of time, we might be able to slow down time a little.
One basic law of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when we're exposed(接触)to new environments and experiences. The law is caused by the rela- tionship between our experience of time and the amount of information our minds process. The more information our minds take in, the slower time seems to pass.It follows, then, that we have different experiences of time in different situations. In some situations, our life is full of new experiences. Our minds process a lot of in- formation and time seems to slow down. In other situations, we have fewer new ex- periences and the world around us becomes more and more familiar(熟悉的). We become insensitive to our experience, which means we process less information, and time seems to speed up.
How can we slow down time? Here are two suggestions.
Firstly, since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster, we can expose our- selves to as many new experiences as possible. We can give ourselves new chal-lenges, meet new people, and expose our minds to new information, hobbies and skills. This will increase the amount of information our minds process and expand (增加)our experience of time.
Secondly, and perhaps most effectively, we can give our whole attention to an ex- perience—to what we are seeing, feeling, tasting, smelling or hearing. This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts. For example, on the way home, focus your attention outside of yourself, instead of thinking about the prob- lems you have to deal with. Look at the sky, or at the buildings you pass, traveling among them. This open attitude to your experiences helps take in more information and also has a time-expanding effect.
To a certain degree, we can understand and control our experience of time passing. It's possible for us to slow down time by expanding our experience of time.
1.According to the writer, we can expand our experience of time by ????.
A.going to bed on time
B.traveling to new places
C.having dinner as usual
D.printing the same materials2.What can we learn from the passage?
A.Being familiar with the world around helps us get more information.
B.Understanding psychological time makes life pass more quickly.
C.We can take in more information by living through our senses.
D.We should build a stronger relationship between time and us.
3.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A.Slow Down Time B.Only Time Will Tell
C.Race Against Time D.Time Will Not Come Twice
答案 1.B 2.C 3.APassage 4(2019北京,D)
How Much Can We Afford to Forget?In 2018, Science magazine asked some young scientists what schools should teach students. Most said students should spend less time memorizing facts and have more space for creative activities. As the Internet grows more powerful, students can access(获得) knowledge easily. Why should they be required to carry so much of it around in their heads?
Civilizations(文明) develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary. In the Agricultural(农业的) Age, a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills. When societies industrialized, the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget. Nowadays, smart machines give us access to most human knowledge. It seems that we no longer need to remember most things. Does it matter?
Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen. For one, human beings have biases(偏见), and smart machines are likely to increase our biases. Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective, but ma- chines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process. In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers.
Another problem relates to the ease of accessing information. When there were no computers, efforts were required to get knowledge from other people, or go to the library. We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books, and what lies in our heads. But today, the Internet gives us the information we need quickly. This can lead to the mistaken belief—the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along.In a new civilization rich in machine intelligence,we have easy access to smart memory networks where information is stored. But dependency on a network sug- gests possibilities of being harmed easily. The collapse of any of the networks of re- lations our well-being(健康)depends upon, such as food and energy, would produce terrible results. Without food we get hungry; without energy we feel cold. And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age.
We forget old ways to free up time and space for new skills. As long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks, and can be found when we need them, perhaps they're not really forgotten. Still, as time goes on, we grad- ually but unquestionably become strangers to future people.
1.Why are smart machines likely to increase our biases?
A.Because they go off course in testing and scoring.
B.Because we control the training process on them.
C.Because we offer them too much information.
D.Because they overuse the provided answers.
2.The ease of accessing information from the Internet ????.
A.frees us from making efforts to learn new skills
B.prevents civilizations from being lost at high speed
C.misleads us into thinking we already knew the knowledge
D.separates the facts we have from those in the smart machines
3.The word “collapse” in Paragraph 5 probably means “ ????”.
A.a sudden failure B.the basic rule
C.a disappointing start D.the gradual development
4.What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?
A.To question about the standards of information storage.
B.To discuss our problems of communication with machines.
C.To stress the importance of improving our memorizing ability.
D.To remind us of the risk of depending on machines to remember.
答案 1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D
Passage 5(2019天津,A)
Dear Lucy,
How are you? It has been a month since my family left Hong Kong for England and we are fine.
England is very different from Hong Kong. The weather is terrible and it rains a lot. The buildings are funny. They are in rows and not high. I love them because the
rooms are much larger. I'm having a wonderful time at my new school and my new home!
Mum and Dad are happy with their new jobs. But my brother Jack doesn't like moving to England because he misses his friends so much.
I've made lots of new friends at school. My teachers are really nice too and my English has improved a lot. After school, we can take part in relaxing activities such as sport, watching films or playing computer games. There's a park near the school where I often go with the other students at the weekend.
We are travelling back to Hong Kong for the summer holiday. I will visit you and
bring you a present!
Write back soon!
Love,
Sandy
1.Where did Sandy's family live before?
A.Hong Kong. B.Sydney.
C.New York. D.London.
2.Sandy loves the buildings in England because their rooms are ????.
A.cheaper B.warmer
C.newer D.larger
3.How many people are there in Sandy's family?
A.2. B.4. C.6. D.8.
4.Who does not like moving to England?
A.Dad. B.Mum. C.Jack. D.Sandy.
5.What is the letter mainly about?
A.Sandy's summer holiday.
B.Sandy's parents.
C.Sandy's new classmates.
D.Sandy's new life.
答案 1.A 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.D
Passage 6(2019天津,B)
One day, Tom's teacher, Miss Mak, held a class meeting.“There will be a flag day next Saturday. Does anyone want to join this meaningful event(活动)?”asked Miss Mak. Tom was interested in raising money for homeless children, but he was not brave enough to talk to the strangers, so he kept quiet in his seat.
“Tom, you haven't sold flags before,” said Miss Mak suddenly. “Would you like to have a try?” Tom was hesitant(犹豫的), but he finally nodded.
On the flag day, Tom and Angela sold flags in a busy street. “Ex-cuse me. Could y -o-u pl-ea-se buy...?” said Angela softly to the first person she met. The man
smiled and put a five-dollar coin into Angela‘s collection bag. Then she said thanks and put a flag under his shoulder.“I did it!”said Angela happily.“It's your turn now.”
Feeling nervous, Tom began to shake. Soon, he saw a young lady walking towards him. The lady was smiling and holding a few coins in her hand. She asked,“Are you selling flags for Fund for the Homeless Children?”Tom's face became red and said yes. Then the lady made the donation(捐赠)and Tom gave her a flag.
“You made it!” laughed Angela.
In the next couple of hours, Angela and Tom sold flags quickly and bravely. At last, their collection bags were so heavy that they had to hold them with both arms. They felt very proud.1.Why did Tom keep quiet in his seat?
A.He had other plans.
B.He didn't like Miss Mak.
C.He was not interested in the activity.
D.He was not brave enough to talk to the strangers.
2.When Miss Mak asked Tom to have a try, he finally ????.
A.laughed B.nodded C.refused D.cried
3.Where did Tom and Angela sell flags?
A.In a busy street. B.In their school.
C.In a tall building. D.In a small garden.
4.How much did the first man pay Angela for the flag?
A.Five dollars. B.Ten dollars.
C.Fifteen dollars. D.Twenty dollars.
5.How did Tom and Angela feel after they sold the flags?
A.Bored. B.Shy.
C.Confident. D.Sad.
答案 1.D 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.C
Passage 7(2019重庆A卷,D)
Fights at school sometimes happen. But how can you keep away from a fight? Here 's something you can do.
Be calm(冷静). Sometimes, you feel so angry that you really want to teach some- body a lesson. But being angry can't solve problems. Neither can a fight. Instead, it
may bring you more problems. In the school, everyone involved(卷入)in a fight will be punished, no matter who started it. There are no winners in a fight.
Shout loudly. If you know someone is coming up behind you to attack, turn toward the person with your hands up in front of your body and loudly say “stop” before
walking away. Loud voice can usually make the attacker calm down. If the person doesn't stop, cry for help by calling out the name of a teacher whose office is near- by.
▲???? Your friend may ask you to join in a fight. Learn to say no. Helping him fight is not really helpful to him. If you really want to give him a hand, try to ask
him to give it up. Also, you can tell him if he gets involved in a fight, he may get hurt and be punished. Then, try to learn why he wants a fight and help him find a right way to deal with the problem.
1.The underlined word “attack” in Paragraph 3 means “ ????” in Chinese.
A.拥抱 B.攻击
C.阻止 D.吸引
2.Which of the following sentences can be put in the ▲?????
A.Face bravely. B.Join in a fight.
C.Learn to refuse. D.Talk to someone.
3.The passage is written to ????.
A.help students keep away from fights
B.warn students not to fight
C.advise students to help each other
D.encourage students to work hard
4.The passage is written in a/an ???? tone(语气).
A.sad B.angry
C.serious D.crazy
答案 1.B 2.C 3.A 4.C课件55张PPT。题型三 完形填空
(一)考查题型
1.词汇题
这种题型从句子和语境层次上来全面考查名词、代词、数词、形容词、副 词、连词、介词、动词等词类的意义、用法和辨析。
2.动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词和主谓一致题
这种题型也是从语境的层次上来全面考查考生对上述内容的掌握程度。
3.常用固定搭配和习惯用法题题型解读这种题型涉及动词短语、介词短语、副词短语等的搭配和用法。
4.句法题
这种题型涉及简单句的五种句型、并列句、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句 等。
5.逻辑分析题
这种题型主要考查考生的阅读理解能力、综合分析能力和语言运用能力。
(二)考查文体
河南中考近五年均为故事情节相对完整的记叙文,或写人或记事,兼有个别议论 的句子。文章大都故事情节曲折,有明确的主题,趣味性比较强,并兼有一定的
教育意义。
方法1????词形、词法的解题技巧
利用固定搭配、固定句式及习惯表达解题
例1???? ????the age of nine,I asked for jobs in small radio stations.
A.At B.In
C.With D.For
答案????A 这里考查固定搭配。at the age of在(某人)……岁的时候。方法技巧方法2????利用上下文语境和逻辑推理判断答案
例2 It's very ????to catch a cold.When someone sneezes or coughs near you, bacteria(细菌)travel through the air and enter your body and then make you sick.
A.difficult B.necessary
C.easy D.helpful
答案????C 由下一句“当别人在你旁边打喷嚏或咳嗽的时候,细菌通过空气进
入你的身体里,然后使你生病”可知“很容易患感冒”。方法3????利用复现关系、语境共现推断
例3 At that moment,he made me think of ????.
A.himself
B.yourself
C.myself
D.herself
答案????C 由句中的me再根据前后人称一致,可知答案是C。方法4????利用生活常识(经验)推断
例4 ...,the water rose at a frightening speed and their ????house fell down, sweeping...
A.wooden B.golden C.hidden D.modern
答案????A 随着洪水的上涨,他们的房子很快就被冲垮了。这一事实说明,他
们的房子很可能是木制的。wooden木制的;golden金色的;hidden隐藏的;modern 现代的。根据句意选A项。
(2019河南)
先通读短文,掌握其大意,然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相 应空白处的最佳答案。
Sitting on the side of the highway waiting to catch speeding drivers, a police officer saw a car driving along at 22 miles per hour.
He thought to himself, “This driver is just as dangerous as a 1????!”So he turned on his lights and pulled the driver over.典例剖析Getting closer to the car, he noticed that there were 2???? old ladies, two in the front seat and three in the back, wide eyed and pale faced.
The driver, who knew 3???? about what happened, said to him, “Officer, I don't understand. I was doing exactly the speed limit!What seems to be the 4?????”
“Ma'am,”the officer replied, “you weren't speeding, but you should know that driving 5???? than the speed limit can also be a danger to other drivers. The same as a speeder.”
“No, sir. I was doing the speed limit—exactly twenty-two miles an hour!”The old woman said in a 6???? voice. The officer, almost unable to control his chuckle, explained to her that“22”was the route 7????, not the speed limit.A bit embarrassed, the woman smiled widely and thanked the officer for 8???? her misunderstanding.
“But 9???? I let you go, ma'am, I have to ask...Is everyone in this car OK?These women seem to be 10???? badly and they haven't made a single sound this whole time,”the officer asked.
“Oh, they'll be all right in a minute. We just got off Route 119.”
1.A.smoker B.rider C.speeder D.walker
2.A.three B.four C.five D.six
3.A.nothing B.something C.everything D.anything
4.A.excuse B.question C.reason D.problem5.A.closer B.slower C.farther D.higher
6.A.sad B.sweet C.proud D.weak
7.A.number B.map C.guide D.order
8.A.laughing at B.leading to
C.talking about D.pointing out
9.A.until B.before C.although D.if
10.A.crying B.coughing C.sleeping D.shaking答案????
[语篇解读] 在高速公路上超速是危险的,但慢速同样是危险的。把路线的数
字看作是限速的数字,更是危险。
1.C 结合上段内容可推知那位警官认为在高速公路上那个以时速22英里行驶 的驾驶员和超速行驶的驾驶员(speeder)一样危险,故答案为C项。第五段最后一 个词也是提示。A.吸烟者;B.骑车者;D.步行者。
2.C 根据本句中two in the front seat and three in the back可知车上有5位老太 太,故答案为C项。
3.A 根据后文Officer, I don't understand. I was doing exactly the speed limit! 可 知那位司机对发生的事情一无所知(know nothing about...),故答案为A项。4.D 根据上文得知这个司机不知道自己违反了什么交通规则,故选D。A.借口;
B.问题;C.理由;D.问题,难题。
5.B 根据前文可知汽车以每小时22英里的速度行驶,车速过慢与超速行驶一样 危险,故选B。A.更近;B.更慢;C.更远;D.更高。
6.C 根据上文可知,这个司机说她正在准确地以每小时22英里的速度行驶,注 意这里用了一个词exactly,说明司机对自己的开车技术感到很得意,故选C。
7.A 22是公路编号(route number),故选A。B.地图;C.指南;D.指令。
8.D 司机感谢警官指出她对路标的曲解,故选D。A.嘲笑;B.引领;C.谈论;D.指 出。
9.B 此处表示“在……之前”,故选B。A.直到;C.尽管;D.如果。10.D 由后文Oh, they'll be all right in a minute. We just got off Route 119.及司 机对路标的曲解可知她一定在119公路上以每小时119英里的车速行驶,因此车 上的女乘客都吓坏了,浑身发抖,故选D。A.哭;B.咳嗽;C.睡觉;D.发抖。
A组 河南中考题组
Passage 1(2018河南)
Our teacher asked us what our favorite animal was, and I said,“Fried chicken.” She said I wasn't funny, but she wasn't 1????, because everyone else in the class laughed.
My parents told me to always be truthful and honest, and I am. Fried chicken is my favorite 2????. I told my dad what happened, and he said my teacher was probably a(n) 3????of PETA. He said they love animals very much. I do, too. Especially 题组训练chicken, pork and beef. 4????,my teacher sent me to the principal's office(校长室). I told him what happened, and he 5????,too. Then he told me not to do it again.
The next day in class my teacher asked me what my favorite live animal was. I told her it was chicken. She asked me 6????,just like she'd asked the other children. I told her it was because people could 7????them into fried chicken. She sent me back to the principal's office. He laughed, and told me not to do it again. I don't???? 8????. My parents taught me to be honest, 9????my teacher doesn't like it when I am.
Today, my teacher asked us to tell her what famous person 10????like(s) most.
I told her, “Colonel Sanders(肯德基创始人).”Guess where I am now?
1.A.angry B.right C.patient D.serious
2.A.food B.animal C.answer D.taste
3.A.example B.discoverer C.enemy D.member
4.A.Instead B.Again C.Anyway D.Also
5.A.laughed B.believed C.shouted D.agreed
6.A.when B.where C.how D.why
7.A.cut B.divide C.make D.add
8.A.care B.regret C.understand D.remember9.A.but B.and C.or D.for
10.A.I B.we C.she D.they
答案 1.B 2.B 3.D 4.C 5.A 6.D 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.BPassage 2(2017河南)
A giant panda ran away from the zoo in London. He walked and walked and became 1????. He walked into a restaurant, where he found a 2????at an empty table. The waiter took the panda's order.
After he 3????his dinner, the panda stood up, calmly pulled out a gun which he had hidden, and fired into the air. 4????he turned around and walked toward the door.
Naturally, the waiter was horrified(恐惧的), but he tried hard to pull himself to- gether and stopped him for a(n) 5????.
The panda said to him,“What do I look like to 6?????”The waiter answered,“Well, a giant panda, of course.”
“That's right,”said the panda.“Look it up.” And he walked out.
The waiter called the 7????. When they arrived the waiter told them the whole sto- ry, 8????the panda's words“Look it up”. So the police officer 9????a young man out to get an encyclopedia(百科全书).
The young man returned with the encyclopedia. The officer 10????“panda”and
there was the answer,“Giant panda, lives in China, eats shoots(竹笋)and leaves.”
1.A.tired B.angry C.crazy D.hungry
2.A.seat B.note C.waiter D.newspaper
3.A.ordered B.finished C.served D.cooked
4.A.So B.Once C.Then D.Also
5.A.talk B.excuse C.question D.explanation
6.A.us B.him C.you D.them
7.A.bosses B.police C.neighbors D.customers
8.A.about B.like C.without D.including
9.A.sent B.took C.drove D.invited
10.A.turned to B.asked for C.looked up D.called on
答案 1.D 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.A 10.C
Passage 3(2016河南)
A man feared his wife wasn't hearing as well as she used to and he thought she might need some hearing aid(助听). Not quite sure how to 1????her, he called the family doctor to discuss the problem. The doctor told him there was a simple test
the husband could do to give the doctor a better 2????of her hearing loss.
“Here's what you do,”said the doctor.“Stand about 40 feet away from her, speak in a 3????conversational speaking tone(音调)and see if she hears you. If not, go to 30 feet,then 20 feet, and so on 4????you get a reply.”
That evening, the wife was in the 5????,and he was in the yard. He said to himself,
“I'm about 40 feet away, and let me see what will happen.” Then in a usual tone he asked,“Honey, what's for dinner?”
No 6????.
So the husband moved closer to the kitchen, about 30 feet from his wife and asked,
“Honey, what's for dinner?”
7????no reply.
Next he moved into the dining room where he was about 20 feet from his wife and 8????,“Honey, what's for dinner?”
Again he got no reply. He walked up to the kitchen door, about 10 feet away. “Honey, what's for dinner?”Again there was no reply.
So he 9????right up behind her. “Honey, what's for dinner?”
“Chicken! James, for the 10????time I've said that.”
1.A.save B.help C.face D.guide
2.A.choice B.excuse C.idea D.suggestion
3.A.loud B.strange C.special D.usual
4.A.until B.before C.when D.as
5.A.toilet B.garden C.kitchen D.dining room
6.A.dinner B.way C.move D.reply
7.A.Still B.Even C.Just D.Almost
8.A.laughed B.repeated C.thought D.added
9.A.ran B.stood C.walked D.jumped
10.A.second B.third C.fourth D.fifth
答案 1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.D
B组 全国中考题组
Passage 1(2019广东广州)
The first astronauts
Since the earliest times, people have looked up at the stars, the moon and the plan- ets. Today people use modern machines 1???? at the sky. This is very different from the situation 2???? years ago when people could only use their eyes. Perhaps they dreamed of 3???? the universe.
When did humans first go into space?The story began not so very long ago, 4???? the first astronauts were not people—they were animals.
Scientists wanted to make travelling to space as 5???? as possible for humans. So they decided to experiment with animals and test 6???? in spaceflights. Insects, mice, frogs, dogs and monkeys were some of the animals 7???? first went into space. Many of them 8????, but they helped to make space travel safer for humans. For their great service, we 9???? forget these animals.
Albert Ⅱ was the first monkey to go into space in 1949. Sadly he died 10???? his spaceship landed back on Earth.
11???? the result was different for Ham the Monkey. His story ended happily when he returned to Earth 12???? very good health.
Scientists wanted to know the answer to the important question:could 13???? ani- mal like Ham do the same things in space as he could do on Earth?The answer came when Ham 14???? into space in 1961. Yes, he did everything well and lived for 15???? 16 years.
1.A.look B.to look C.looking D.looked
2.A.thousand B.thousands
C.thousand of D.thousands of
3.A.explore B.to explore C.explored D.exploring
4.A.as B.or C.but D.so
5.A.safe B.safer C.safest D.the safest
6.A.they B.them C.their D.theirs
7.A.whom B.what C.that D.whose
8.A.die B.died C.have died D.will die
9.A.shouldn‘t B.may not
C.don't have to D.needn't
10.A.if B.because C.after D.since
11.A.Luck B.Lucky C.Luckier D.Luckily
12.A.at B.on C.in D.for
13.A.a B.an C.the D./
14.A.sends B.sent C.is sent D.was sent
15.A.another B.other C.others D.the others
答案 1.B 2.D 3.D 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.D 12.C 13.B 14.D 15.APassage 2(2019黑龙江齐齐哈尔)
There was a young painter 1???? made money by painting portraits(肖像). His
dream was to 2???? famous. One day, a rich man asked him to paint a portrait for him and promised to pay him 10,000 dollars.
After a week, the rich man came to 3???? the painting. Although the painting was wonderful, he was not 4???? with it. He told the young painter, “I will only buy this painting for 3,000 dollars.” The young painter was 5????. He argued with the rich man, 6???? the rich man would keep his promise.
The rich man 7????, “The man in the painting is me. If I don't buy this painting, 8???? else will buy it.”So he said, “I will ask you one last time,‘Will you sell it for 3,000 dollars?’”The young painter said firmly, “No. I 9???? not to sell it, rather than be humiliat- ed(侮辱)by you. Someday, you will pay 20 times the cost 10???? breaking your promise.”
After that, the painter worked hard day and night. 11????, he achieved his dream in the art world.
The rich man forgot about the artist and 12???? he had told him. But one day, some friends told him, “There is a painting to sell for 200,000 dollars and the man in the painting looks 13???? like you. The painting is titled ‘Thief’.”
Then, the rich man remembered the 14???? that he had fooled. He quickly went to say sorry to him and paid 200,000 dollars to buy the portrait. The young painter 1 5???? the rich man hang his head in the end.
1.A.who B.which C.whom
2.A.grow B.become C.turn
3.A.take B.bring C.carry
4.A.pleasant B.pleasure C.pleased
5.A.sad B.angry C.worried
6.A.hoped B.hoping C.to hope
7.A.thought B.asked C.said8.A.nobody B.somebody C.anybody
9.A.would rather B.prefer C.had better
10.A.on B.in C.for
11.A.Luckily B.Finally C.Recently
12.A.why B.how C.what
13.A.exactly B.mostly C.nearly
14.A.thief B.friend C.painter
15.A.asked B.made C.allowed
答案 1.A 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.A 9.B 10.C 11.B 12.C 13.A 14.C 15.BPassage 3(2019内蒙古包头)
I remember sitting in an airport one day, waiting for my flight. I was 1???? because I had a first-class(头等的)ticket. And in first class, the seats are 2????, and the food is more delicious. Actually, I had the best seat on the whole plane! Seat 1A. Before boarding, I 3???? a young lady who had a big suitcase(手提箱)and several carry-on bags was holding a crying baby. 4????, the handle(把手)of her suitcase broke and the suitcase fell to the floor. She tried 5???? the case and her bags landed
on the floor, too.
“Let me help,”I said to her.
I 6???? her suitcase over my left shoulder, put her bags on my right and asked, “Where to?”
“Gate 20,”she said, and showed me her ticket. Seat 24B.
“Oh, we are on the same flight.”
Boarding started, and I 7???? that she needed the first-class ticket.“It looks like you could use this first-class ticket more than me. I know how 8???? it can be fly- ing with a kid. Why don't we trade tickets?”
“Are you sure?”she asked.
“Yes, just take my ticket and give me yours. I really don't 9????. I'm just going to be working the whole time, anyway.”
“That's very kind of you,”she said, and expressed her 10???? as we traded our tickets.
Then we boarded the plane. I was surprised at the good 11???? it gave me while watching her sit down in seat 1A. In fact, seat 24B or 12???? I was sitting didn't seem that bad at all. At one point during the flight I really wanted to see how she was doing. So I 13????, walked to the first-class section, and had a look. There she
was with her baby, 14???? asleep. Seeing they were sleeping in big and 15???? seat 1A, I felt like a million bucks. I've got to keep doing this kind of thing.
1.A.excited B.bored C.sad D.worried
2.A.smaller B.bigger C.dirtier D.shorter
3.A.asked B.learned C.noticed D.thought
4.A.Seriously B.Successfully C.Secretly D.Suddenly
5.A.finding B.lifting C.putting D.changing
6.A.knocked B.threw C.pulled D.hung
7.A.hoped B.regretted C.realized D.suggested
8.A.strange B.easy C.hard D.funny
9.A.mind B.understand C.want D.stand
10.A.pity B.fear C.advice D.thanks
11.A.taste B.chance C.memory D.feeling
12.A.however B.whatever C.wherever D.whoever
13.A.got up B.put up C.turned up D.took up
14.A.all B.both C.either D.neither
15.A.popular B.terrible
C.straight D.comfortable
答案 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.D 11.D 12.C 13.A 14.B 15.D
Passage 4(2019湖北黄冈)
Zhang Peng is a Chinese driver in Xi'an(西安). When he checked the online wallet of his WeChat app(微信应用软件), he saw that one of his passengers had paid 6,5 00 yuan for a 1???? pay. That meant the passenger paid about $950, but in fact, the passenger only needed to pay $9.50.
Zhang Peng guessed that the payment was a 2????. According to the time of the payment, he guessed that the four foreign travelers did it. He 3???? the four travel-
ers from the train station and dropped them off at a nearby 4????.
When he 5???? to call the four foreign passengers, Zhang Peng directly went to the hotel again where he had dropped them off. Then in the hotel he 6???? what had happened to the waiter at the front desk.
Just at that time, the traveler 7???? made the payment came downstairs. She was ???? 8???? to hear about her mistake. It was her first time to visit the Chinese city, and she said that it was also her first time 9???? the app's online payment fun_ction(在线付 费功能)to pay for the ride.
She was 10???? more surprised when Zhang Peng refused to get a reward(报酬)and 11???? her all her extra(额外的)money.
12???? is true that the traveler had a wonderful 13???? of using WeChat. “I can't believe it,”the woman traveler said.“ 14???? some people, money is their only dream, and $950 is a lot of money. I felt very excited yesterday 15???? the taxi driver came back to return the money in person. I am really grateful.”
1.A.65 yuan B.65-yuan
C.65-yuans D.the 65th yuan
2.A.mistake B.question C.fool D.praise
3.A.cheered up B.put up C.picked up D.looked up4.A.station B.hotel C.hospital D.restaurant
5.A.succeeded B.forgot C.regretted D.failed
6.A.explained B.asked C.understood D.suggested
7.A.whom B.who C.whose D.which
8.A.interested B.glad C.angry D.surprised
9.A.use B.using C.used D.to use
10.A.very B.even C.quite D.too
11.A.got B.returned C.cost D.spent
12.A.It B.That C.He D.This13.A.trip B.examination C.experience D.vacation
14.A.As B.From C.At D.For
15.A.because B.because of C.even if D.if
答案 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.D 10.B 11.B 12.A 13.C 14.D 15.APassage 5(2019温州)
Ashley was outspoken, fashionable, and the “Queen Bee” in my school.
I looked up to her and idolized her. I listened to the music she listened to, wore the clothes she wore. I even took art class though I had really wanted to take theatre. I finally fitted into 1???? group.
One day, I skipped out of my last class a few minutes early to 2???? seats for our group at the dining hall. Concentrating on my homework, I didn't notice they had sat down behind me. Before I could say a word, I realized what they were 3????.
I listened silently. “She's such a loser,” one girl said.
Another girl added, “Ashley, she 4???? follows you, trying to copy you.”
“I wish she would leave us alone. We were in the same summer school and now she thinks we're best friends.” The once familiar voice sounded so 5???? and strange.
I was mortified. My hands were shaking. I couldn't help crying 6????. I felt heart- broken for the very first time. How did this happen? I 7???? we were friends.I ran home. My mother just held me while I sobbed for hours. The advice she gave me was so 8???? , and I had heard it a million times, “Just be yourself and people will like you for 9???? you are.” This time it became so profound*. Then and there I 10???? to find myself back. That was exactly what I did.
Over the next month, I went through a lot of 11????. I bought new clothes that I wanted to wear. I no longer went to art class 12???? them, and took theatre. I began making new friends. I developed my own 13???? and never again followed the crowd*.
I had an amazing school year. 14???? I look back, I think it was the year when I discovered the person I was going to be. Despite the pain I felt that day, it was a ???? 15???? they had given me.
1.A.my B.her C.his D.our
2.A.get B.buy C.rent D.move
3.A.thinking about B.talking about
C.waiting for D.asking for
4.A.once B.always C.hardly D.never
5.A.serious B.special C.weak D.cold
6.A.sadly B.shyly C.excitedly D.nervously7.A.found B.admitted C.realized D.thought
8.A.funny B.simple C.useful D.different
9.A.where B.what C.how D.who
10.A.failed B.forgot C.decided D.continued
11.A.pains B.doubts C.changes D.troubles
12.A.with B.about C.against D.without
13.A.skills B.habits C.projects D.opinions
14.A.Before B.Unless C.When D.If
15.A.gift B.choice C.promise D.surprise
答案 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.D 8.B 9.D 10.C 11.C 12.A 13.D 14.C 15.A
Passage 6(2019杭州)
Katy Sullivan is an actress, an athlete(运动员), and a person who also refuses to accept the words no or I can't.
She was born without the lower half of her 1???? and has worn prosthetic(假体) ones all her life. She grew up in Alabama, US and had a(n) 2???? childhood. She kept up with her sisters and brothers at the gym and the swimming pool. She feels lucky 3???? her family treated her in just the same way as the other members.
When a person is born without legs, there are plenty of things that are 4???? to do.
But Katy believed she could 5???? anything. So she chose two jobs that are diffi- cult, 6???? with both legs. As a teenager, she once saw a good movie. Before it was 7????, Katy had made her mind up to be a(n) 8????.
She did a degree in theater and then moved to Los Angeles, where she has played 9???? in theater, television and movies. She has a positive(积极的)view of life. She thinks that if you believe 10???? can do something, you should 11???? it. So when Katy's friend asked her 12???? she'd like to try running, she said “yes”. She was given a pair of running legs and she 13???? her new life.Katy was the first person in the world with two prosthetic legs to 14???? running as a competitive sport. She entered the final of the 100 meters in the 2012 London Paralympics.
Katy's family, friends, and fans look up to her as an 15???? of someone who has overcome her difficulty and achieved her dreams.
1.A.arms B.legs C.feet D.hands
2.A.embarrassing B.lonely
C.active D.strange
3.A.though B.unless C.before D.because4.A.difficult B.important C.possible D.easy
5.A.achieve B.accept C.examine D.prevent
6.A.just B.also C.even D.ever
7.A.up B.over C.on D.out
8.A.athlete B.writer C.actress D.coach
9.A.games B.music C.sports D.roles
10.A.you B.we C.she D.they
11.A.depend on B.go for
C.get used to D.look after12.A.whether B.how C.when D.why
13.A.shared B.started C.changed D.prepared
14.A.fix up B.show up C.take up D.set up
15.A.ancestor B.enemy
C.influence D.example
答案 1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.A 11.B 12.A 13.B 14.C 15.D
