北师大版高中英语高考总复习：17总复习：数词

高考总复习：数词
真题再现
1. (2019届高陕西省西安地区八校高三下学期联考)The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took __pictures of them．
A．a good many of B．the number of
C．a quantity of D．a large amount of
解析：C。句意：年轻的舞蹈家们穿着他们的靓装看起来那么迷人，以至于我们拍了他们的好多照片。a good many修饰可数名词复数，一般不加of，若加of，则名词前应有限定词；the number of……的数量；a quantity of大量的，可修饰可数名词复数也可修饰不可数名词；a large amount of大量的，只修饰不可数名词。故选C。
2. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ________ rising steadily since1990.
A. is B. are C. has been D. have been
解析：C。主语是 the number故谓语动词用单数，又因时间状语是since 1997所以用完成时态。
3. According to statistics, a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer _________ a woman.
A. than B. such C. so D. as
解析：D。本题考查比较级的结构，as ….. as , 注意句中的more than 只是修饰twice。
4. Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s, but it cost his.
A. as much twice as B. twice as much as
C. much as twice as D. as twice much as
解析：B。考查as----as同级比较前的修饰语位置。twice应该放在第一个as之前，选B符合。
5. Either you or one of your students ______ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
A. are B. is C. have D. be
解析：B。Either …or…. 连接两个主语，按就近原则来确定谓语的单复数。One of your students 谓语应用单数形式。
6.—Did you go to the show last night?
—Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area invited.
A. were B. have been? C. has been D. was
解析：D。主语是every boy and girl，表示单数概念，故谓语动词用单数，且询问昨晚的情况，有明确的过去时间，所以应选择was。
7. hundreds/thousands/millions/billions/dozens/scores of。
She went to the bookstore and bought .?
A. dozen books? B. dozens books?
C. dozen of books? D. dozens of books
解析：D。dozen与数词或many，several连用时其后不加s；dozen前有基数词表示确切数字时，其后一般不与of连用。
其谓语动词用复数，故选D项。
8. A survey of the opinions of experts that three hours of outdoor exercise a week
good for one’s health.?
A. show; are B. shows; is? C. show; is D. shows; are
解析：B。由a survey可知第一个空用shows，首先排除A、C两项；第二个空前的时间three hours of outdoor exercise a week表示抽象概念，看作单数，故其谓语动词用单数形式。
9. As a result of the serious flood，two-thirds of the buildings in the area .?
A. need repairing B. needs to repair?
C. needs repairing D. need to repair
解析：A。分数、百分数修饰名词，谓语动词的单复数取决于名词，此处two-thirds修饰buildings，故谓语动词取决于名词复数buildings ，排除B、C两项，need doing=need to be done意为“需要被做”。
10. It is reported that the floods have left about people homeless.?
A. two thousand B. two-thousands?
C. two thousands D. two thousands of
解析：A。hundred，thousand，million，billion，dozen，score等指具体数字时，不用复数形式, 如one hundred，two thousand，three million；指大约数字时，常用复数形式，如tens of， millions of，scores of等。
语法讲解
高考对数词的考查侧重于：数词表示确切数目和不确切数目的区别；数词复数的特殊用法；序数词前不用the的情况；dozen和score?的特殊用法。对倍数的考查；主谓一致是历年高考试题中的主要考查内容之一，它主要以单项填空的形式来呈现，包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致等，同时还涉及动词的时态、语态等。考生在掌握主谓一致的基本原则的同时，要特别注意分数、百分数等用作主语时的主谓一致和定语从句中的主谓一致情况。
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数词的分类
数词分为基数词和序数词。它用来表示数目或顺序，表示数目多少的数词叫基数词；表示顺序的数词叫序数词。
基数词
基数词的复数用法：
基数词在用来表示准确数字的情况下不能加复数后缀“s”。以下基数词可以加复数后缀“s”，因为它们表达的都是大概的数字。
1. 与of 短语连用，表示概数，不能与具体数目连用，如thousands of / millions of / hundreds and hundreds of / hundreds of thousands of / thousands upon thousands of, scores of...
There are hundreds of thousands of people in the park.
2. 在一些表示“一排”或“一组”的词组里，如“in twos and threes 三三两两”。
They came home from church by twos and threes.
3. at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟
His wife was away and the house was at sixes and sevens.
4. 表示“几十岁”：in one's fifties 在五十多岁时（fifties 前可插入 early, late, mid-, middle)
The boys are all in their teens.
Jane is only in her early forties.
She was in her mid-twenties.
He was then in his late seventies.
5. 表示“年代”，用“in +the +数词复数”：in the 1960s (in the 1960's) 二十世纪六十年代
He made acquaintance of her in the 1960s.
6.在乘法运算的一种表示法里：
3 x 5 = 15 Three fives is (are) fifteen.
基数词及其修饰语
修饰语表示大致的量：about 大约；approximately 大约；around 大约；or so 左右；roughly 约略；some 大约
There were roughly 500 people.
The time is approximately ten o'clock.
It'll only cost 15 dollars or so.
修饰语表示最小量：a minimum of 至少；at least 至少；more than 多于；or more 或更多；over 多于；plus 多于
You must get a minimum of 40 questions right to pass the examination.
It costs over ten dollars.
All the children here are 12 plus.
修饰语表示最大量：almost 差不多；nearly 将近；a maximum of 最多；at most 至多；less than 少于；or less 或少于；under 低于；up to 到……之多
I can swim a maximum of 1 mile.
She is nearly fifty now.
My shirt cost under two pounds.
序数词
基数词变序数词口诀
基变序，有规律，
词尾加上-th。
一、二、三，特殊记，
结尾字母t, d, d (first, second, third)
八去t, 九去e, (eighth, ninth)
ve要用 f替; (fifth, twelfth)
ty将y改成i,
th前面有个e。
若是碰到几十几，
前用基来后用序。(eighty-forth, ninety-fifth)
注意：序数词的缩写形式，在阿拉伯数字的后面加上序数词的最后两个字母。如：1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, ...41st, 52nd, 63rd, 74th。
hundred, thousand, million等序数词形式为hundredth, thousandth, millionth。如：five hundredth (500th) 第500，ten thousandth (10000th) 第10000。
数词的用法
倍数表示法
主语+谓语+倍数（或分数）+ as + adj. + as
I have three times as many as you.
主语+谓语+倍数（分数）+ the size (amount，length…) of…
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.
主语+谓语+倍数（分数）+ 形容词（副词）比较级+ than…
The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year.
用by+倍数，表示“增加多少倍”。
The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.
分数表示法
1. 用“基数词＋序数词”表示：分数在英语中通常是借助于基数词和序数词来共同表达的。其中基数词表示分子，序数词表示分母。
The centimeter is one-tenth of the decimeter or one-hundredth of the meter.
厘米是分米的十分之一，或者说是米的百分之一。
However, the number of the boys will be less than a third of the girls in the class.
但是班里男生的人数将比女生的三分之一更少。
分子为1时，既可以用one，也可用a；如果分子大于1，分母则要用复数形式。
三分之一 one third；三分之二 two thirds
二分之一不能说 a (one) second，而要说 a (one) half。
四分之一和四分之三可以说 a(one) fourth 和 three-fourths，但常用a quarter和three quarters 表示。
分数修饰的名词在句子中作主语时，谓语动词是用单数还是复数取决于名词，即与名词保持一致。
Only one-fifth of air consists of oxygen.
About two thirds of the students are going to attend the meeting.
带分数的表示：整数部分与分数部分要用连词and 连接。
You should finish the work within one and a fourth hours.
6. 分数常和of 连用，作主语或宾语，但分数也可以不带of 短语直接作主语或宾语。
In U.S., two-thirds continue to support death penalty.
分数、百分数等修饰名词作主语时的“主谓一致”?
1. 分数和百分数不能直接跟名词或代词，而是后跟“of+冠词/限定词+名词/代词”，其后的谓语动词与后面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
Two fifths of the money was spent on books.?
2. “a great many/a large number of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“a great deal of/ a large amount of/a large sum of+不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“many a+单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。?
3. “a large quantity of+名词”作主语时谓语动词的数要与名词的数保持一致；“large quantities of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。?
4.“a/an+单数名词+and a half”作主语时，谓语动词常用单数；“one and a half+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。 ?
A year and a half has passed.?
One and a half apples is left on the table.?
5. “more than one+单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词常用单数；“more+名词复数+than one”作主语时，谓语动词常用复数。
More than one person was absent.?
More students than one have been there.?
注意下面表达方式：
基数词和序数词同时作一个名词的定语时，要注意哪一个更贴近中心词。
the first three pages 前三页； two first prizes 两个一等奖
“每隔……”的表达方式：
every other day/ every two days 每隔一天
货币的表达方法：
pound(英镑)的复数为pounds
penny(便士)的复数pennies表示单个硬币，pence表示币值
dollar(美元) 的复数为dollars
但是人民币yuan的复数不变。
数词前用定冠词和不定冠词的区别在于：定冠词表特指，不定冠词表泛指，有类似another的意思，但比another 的意思更明确。
Roslan married his first wife in 1986 and his second in 1995. He married a third time in 2001 but divorced shortly afterwards.
Earth, our home, is the third planet from the sun.

特殊数字的表达
1. once 一次
single 单一的
singleness 单一；单身
single-handed 独手的，只用一只手的
2. pair 双，对
double 两倍的
double-decker 双层床；双层电车
double-chinned 双下巴的
3. quarter 四分之一；一刻钟；两角五分的硬币
three quarters 四分之三
4. dozen 十二，一打
dozens of 好几打，很多的
in dozens 成打的
dozenth = twelfth 第十二
5. score 二十
three score and ten 七十
two score of 四十个……
scores of 大批的
in scores 大量地，大批地
6. fortnight 十四日，两星期
fortnightly 两星期一次的；双周刊
7. decade 十年
century 百年，世纪
millenary / millennium 千年，千年期
双数词
“双数词”一直是高考英语的考查热点。
双数代词both
　　“both”意为“两者（都）”，与之对应的复数代词all则表示“三者或三者以上（都）”。
　　Neither of?the?twins?is?in?good?health,?but?both?work?very?hard.
　　Both?of?the?pens?were?bought?as?we?can’t?decide?which?is?better.
　　
双数词（形容词）each
　　each可以表示“二者中的每一个”，也可以表示“三者或三者以上中间的每一个”；而every只能指“三者或三者以上中间的每一个”，一般不用于指“二者”。
　　There?is?a?butcher’s?(shop)?on?each?side?of?the?street. 。
　　There’s?a?florist’s?(shop)?on?every?side?of?the?square.?
　　Each?sex?has?its?own?physical?and?psychological?character.
　　?
双数代词either
　　表示“二者中的任何一个”，与之对应的any则表示“三者或三者以上当中任何一个”。
You?may?drop?in?or?just?give?me?a?call.?Either will?do.?　
　 I?borrowed?two?books?from?Linda,?but?I?don’t?like?either of?them.
　
?双数代词neither
　　neither是用来表示否定的双数代词，意思是“二者中任何一个都不”；与之对应的none则表示“三者或三者以上中的任何一个都不”。
　　Although?the?old?lady?has?two?sons,?neither?of?them?lives?with?her.
　　?
双数代词each?other
　　双数代词each?other表示“两者之间的互相”；而one?another则指“三者或三者以上之间的互相”。（现代美国英语中两者的用法已逐渐可以相互替代。）
We?love?each?other.?
We?love?one?another.?
　　
?双数代词the?other
　　the?other既可以做代词，亦可以做名词和形容词。用做代词时，表示“两者中的另一个”或“两部分中的另一部分”。其“两”或“二”的含义往往要借助于具体的语言情境来体现。这是最近两年高考最常考的词。
No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of the other.
　
【 数词】
数学运算的表达法
加 + plus/and/added to
减 - minus
乘 x times, multiplied by
除 ÷ divided by
编号的表示法
World War II = the second World War
Part One = the first part
Lesson 2 = the second lesson
Room 202, Bus No. 13, Platform 16, Page 120
数字+名词+形容词
It’s a five-meter-long bridge.
The bridge is five meters long.
It’s a bridge five meters long.
The composition is 2,000 words long.
It’s a 2000-word-long composition.
It’s a composition 2000 words long.■
巩固练习
一、单项选择
1.______ people in the world are sending information by E-mail every day.
A. Several million B. Many millions
C. Several millions D. Many million
2. It is not rare in ______ that people in ____ fifties are going to university for further education.
A. 90s; the B. the 90s; / C. 90s; their D. the 90s; their
3. _______cave that George has discovered in his lifetime is near the Alps.
A. The hundredth B. The hundred C. Hundredth D. A hundredth
4. The husband gave his wife ____ every month in order to please her.
A. all half his income B. his half all income
C. half his all income D. all his half income
5. ______ of the land in that district ______covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are
C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are
6. It is reported that the United States uses ______ energy as the whole of Europe.
A. as twice B. twice much C. twice much as D. twice as much
7. Paper produced every year is ____ the world’s production of vehicles.
A. the three times weight of B. three times the weight of
C. as three times heavy as D. three times as heavier as
8. As a result of destroying the forests, a large _____ of desert _______ covered the land.
A. number; has B. quantity; has
C. number; have D. quantity; have
9._______ friends Betty had made there were all invited to her birthday party.
A. Few of B. Few C. The few D. A few
10. Mr. Smith ______ me to buy several ____ eggs for the dinner
A. asked; dozen B. suggested; dozens of
C. had; dozen D. persuaded; dozens
11. Look, this bridge is only ________ that one.
A. as long as four-fifths B. four-fifths as long as
C. as four-fifths as long D. as four-fifths long as
12. Can’t you see this map is _______ small as that one?
A. half as B. as half C. two-ninth as D. two as
13. It is said that this terrible matter happened in ________.
A. eighties B. eighty C. the eighty D. the eighties
14. It is reported that the United States uses ________ energy as the whole of Europe.
A. as twice B. twice much C. twice much as D. twice as much
15. He did it ________ it took me.
A. one-third a time　 B. one-third time
C. the one-third time 　 　 D. one-third the time
二、完形填空
阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—20各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
?It was the summer of 1965. DeLuca, 17, visited Buck, a family friend. Buck asked DeLuca about his__1__for his future. “I’m going to college, but I need a(n)__2__to pay for it,” DeLuca__3__saying, “Buck said, ‘You should open a sandwich shop.’”
They agreed to be__4__. And they set a__5_: to open thirty stores in ten years. After doing some research, Buck wrote a check for $1,000. DeLuca__6__a storefront (店面), and when they couldn’t__7__their start-up costs, Buck kicked in another $1,000.
But business didn’t go smoothly as they__8__. DeLuca was__9__the store and going to__10__at the same time. Buck was working at his day job as a nuclear physicist in New York. They’d__11__on Monday evenings and brainstorm ideas for keeping the business running. They__12__themselves to__13__a second store. And they did in the spring of 1966.
The partners’ learn-as-you-go approach turned out to be their greatest__14__. Every Friday, DeLuca would drive around and hand-deliver the checks to pay their__15__. “It took me two hours and it wasn’t__16__, but as a result, the suppliers got to know me well, and the personal __17__ established really helped out,” DeLuca said.
And having a goal was also important. “There are so many__18__that can get you down. You just have to__19__working toward your goal,” DeLuca adds.
DeLuca__20__founding Subway Sandwich, the multimillion-dollar restaurant chain.
1. A. proverbs B. plans C. projects D. positions
2. A. way B. means C. approach D. method
3. A. reminded B. repeated C. requested D. recalled
4. A. friends B. partners C. colleagues D. leaders
5. A. example B. direction C. guide D. goal
6. A. lent B. rented C. returned D. sent
7. A. cover B. spend C. fill D. offer
8. A. wondered B. supposed C. expected D. explained
9. A. managing B. changing C. planning D. helping
10. A. hospital B. church C. college D. court
11. A. discuss B. quarrel C. meet D. appear
12. A. enjoyed B. encouraged C. convinced D. taught
13. A. discover B. invent C. open D. buy
14. A. strength B. health C. energy D. value
15. A. suppliers B. employers C. consumers D. participators
16. A. possible B. necessary C. important D. convenient
17. A. right B. property C. relationship D. information
18. A. problems B. anxieties C. connections D. questions
19. A. stop B. imagine C. keep D. risk
20. A. gave up B. ended up C. stayed up D. picked up
三、阅读理解
(2019 北京四中高一测验)阅读下面短文，从题中所给的四个选项（A， B， C和D）中选择正确的答案。
The most frightening words in the English language are, “Our computer is down.” You hear it more and more when you are on business. The other day I was at the airport waiting for a ticket to Washington and the girl in the ticket office said,“I’m sorry, I can’t sell you a ticket. Our computer is down.”?
“If your computer is down, just write me out a ticket.”?
“I can’t write you out a ticket. The computer is the only one allowed to do so.”
I looked down on the computer and every passenger was just standing there drinking coffee and staring at the black screen. Then I asked her, “What do all you people do?”?
“We give the computer the information about your trip, and then it tells us whether you can fly with us or not.”?
So when it goes down, you go down with it.”?
“That’s good, sir.”?
“How long will the computer be down?” I wanted to know.
“I have no idea. Sometimes it’s down for 10 minutes, sometimes for two hours. There’s no way we can find out without asking the computer, and since it’s down it won’t answer us.”
After the girl told me they had no backup(备用) computer, I said. “Let’s forget the computer. What about your planes? They’re still flying, aren’t they?”
“I couldn’t tell without asking the computer.”
“Maybe I could just go to the gate and ask the pilot if he’s flying to Washington,” I suggested.
“I wouldn’t know what gate to send you to. Even if the pilot was going to Washington, he couldn’t take you if you didn’t have a ticket.”?
“Is there any other airline flying to Washington within the next few hours?”
“I wouldn’t know,”she said, pointing at the dark screen. “Only‘IT’knows.‘It’can’t tell me.”
By this time there were quite a few people standing in lines. The word soon spread to other travelers that the computer was down. Some people went white; some people started to cry and still others kicked their luggage.1. The best title for the article is _______.A. When the Computer Is Down???????????? B. The Most Frightening WordsC. The Computer of the Airport?????????? D. Asking the Computer2. What could the girl in the ticket office do for the passengers without asking the computer?A. She could sell a ticket.???? B. She could write out a ticket.C. She could answer the passengers’ questions. D. She could do nothing.3. The last paragraph suggests that _______.A. a modern computer won’t be down.?B. computers can take the place of humansC. sometimes a computer may bring suffering to peopleD. there will be great changes in computers
四、短文改错
（河南省郑州市质量预测）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（n），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Mandy，
I’m not doing well in my lessons at school, especial in maths. My dad says I must try hard because he wants me go to university. He thinks I’m lazy, but it’s not true. I work really hard， often study late into the night! I’ve tried to talk to my mother, but she always said I have to work as hard like my brother does. My brother doesn’t study very hard, and he always gets excellent grades. It’s not fair！
The only thing I like it is art. My teacher says I’m the best student she's had for year. When I told my dad, all he said was,“You mustn't waste your time in art. You must focus your mind on your lessons!” I’m feeling quite puzzling what to do now. Would you please help me out?
Thanks a lot！
Yours sincerely， Lisa
答案与解析
一、单项选择
1. A。million前有具体数字或several等词时，要用单数形式。many 一般不与million等数词连用，表示“数百万”，英语为millions of。
2. D。表示年代在数词前加定冠词the，在后面加-s或-’s。in their fifties是“在他们五十多岁时”的固定用法。
3. A。序数词修饰名词时，一般前面必须有定冠词the，表示序列。
4. C。half all his income他收入的一半。为了使妻子高兴，丈夫每月把他收入的一半给了妻子。
5. C。分数的分子用基数词，分母用序数词表示。如果分子大于1，序数词后加-s。分数和百分比作主语时，谓语动词的形式取决于分数和百分数后的名词。句子中的主语land 是单数，所以谓语动词要用is covered。
6. D。表示倍数的名词要放在as … as 的前面。
7. B。把表示倍数的词放在the weight of前，意思是“……重量的三倍”。其他三个选项的形式都是错误的：选项A中定冠词的位置错误；选项C中的three times应放在as heavy as前；选项D的错误是as…as中间使用了比较级。
8. B。a large of number of后面要接复数名词，所以不能作为答案。因为desert是单数，所以要填has。
9. C。friends后接定语从句，要在few前加定冠词the。
10 A。在dozen前有具体数字或some, several等词时，要用单数。Have后接不带to的动词不定式或现在分词作宾语补足语。
11 B。“A是B…的几分之几”可表达为“A is +分数+as…as B”。这种试题的备选答案形式相似，混淆度高，如果句型记忆不牢极易造成失分。
12. A。“A是B…的一半”可表达为“A is half as...as B”。
13. D。in the eighties表示“在八十年代”，符合题意，但有些同学因对这种语法现象知之甚少而造成解题错误。应对方法:重视数词的复数形式，熟悉数词的复数形式，如by twos and threes三三两两，in the eighties在八十年代;in his forties在他四十多岁时;in the 1980’s/1980s在二十世纪八十年代。
14. D。该题考查倍数的表达方法，其结构为“A... times as形容词/副词原级as B”。
15. D。分数的表达方式为：先写分子，再写分母，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时分母用序数词的复数形式，中间加连字符号。分数应放在所修饰的名词前面。　
二、完形填空
文章讲述DeLuca创办三明治连锁店的艰辛创业历程，说明做任何事情，只要有毅力就一定能成功。
1. B。根据后文DeLuca的回答I’m going to college可知，朋友Buck询问他未来的打算。
2. A。根据to pay for it以及下文朋友给他的建议判断答案为A。approach后面的to为介词，后面应接v-ing形式而way to后面接动词原形。means和method后面应接介词of。
3. D。根据前文It was the summer of 1965以及段末DeLuca的话可知，是DeLuca在回忆往事，故答案为D。remind使想起，使记起，提醒；repeat重复；request请求。
4. B。根据第二段Buck出资，DeLuca经营可知，两人为合作关系。
5. D。根据下文to open thirty stores in ten years和倒数第二段可知，他们当初定下了目标。
6. B。根据常识，开店首先要有店面，显然是租赁了一个店面。
7. A。这里cover的意思是足够支付。根据前后文尤其是Buck kicked in another $1,000可知，当他们不够支付创办时的开销时，Buck又投入了$1 000美元。
8. C。根据此段首个单词But以及后文的叙述可知两人刚开始时并不是一帆风顺的。
9. A。DeLuca一边经营店铺，一边上大学。根据第二段可知是Buck出资，DeLuca经营。
10. C。根据第一段中的I’m going to college可知答案为C。
11. C。根据前后文可知两人只有在每周一晚上见面，商量经营策略。
12. C。convince使……相信。此处意思是尽管两人都很忙碌，但他们相信他们能够开第二家店，相信他们能够成功。
13. C。根据第二段他俩的目标to open thirty stores in ten years可知答案为C。
14. A。根据本段的内容可知，DeLuca重视合作者之间关系的建立，The partners’ learn-as-you-go approach成了他们最大的优势。
15. A。根据后文the suppliers got to know me well可知，每周五，DeLuca就会开着车亲手把钱给他们的供应商送去。
16. B。DeLuca这样一家一家地送钱并没有必要，但是却和客户结下了很深的友谊。
17. C。根据the suppliers got to know me well可知，他们之间的个人关系很好。
18. A。根据that can get you down可知，应是经营过程中出现的各种问题。question指疑问，不符合语境。
19. C。结合俩人的创业经历可知，制订目标很重要，因为一旦制订了目标，只要坚持朝着目标奋斗就一定能实现。keep doing sth.坚持做某事。
20. B。DeLuca最终成立了赛百味快餐店这个资产上百万的餐馆连锁店。end up doing是“最终作为……而结束”的意思。
三、阅读理解
　文章说的是在电脑广泛应用的今天，一旦电脑崩溃，给人们的生活带来巨大不便。
A。这种文章意图题最好放在最后一道做，全文说的是在电脑崩溃的情况下出现的糟糕情况：买不了机票，坐不了飞机……
D。根据文章“I can’t write you out a ticket. The computer is the only one allowed to do so.”可以知道答案。
C。从最后两段看出，电脑坏了之后什么也干不了，甚至连原来的人工操作都不能进行，大家都束手无策，这是它给人带来的痛苦。
四、短文改错
1. especial改为especially，此处是状语应当用副词；
2. me后加to，want sb. to do sth.，不定式作宾补；
3. study改为studying，根据句子结构，此处是状语，故用非谓语动词，又因为是伴随状语，故用现在分词，表示和句子主语是主动关系；
4. said改为says，根据语境用一般现在时态；
5. like改为as，as……as 是固定搭配；
6. and改为but，与上文形成转折关系；
7. 去掉it，I like 是定语从句，不能再加it，省略了引导词that在此代替the only thing 做like的宾语；
8. year改为years，根据句意应当是复数，表示多年；
9. in改为on/over，在……浪费……，waste……on/over ……；
10. puzzling改为puzzled，感到困惑的用puzzled；令人困惑的用puzzling。