北师大版高中英语高考总复习：19总复习：形容词

高考总复习：形容词
真题再现
1. （2019 安徽模拟）I’m so ______ to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.
A. special B. superior C. grateful D. attractive
2. （2019 福建模拟）It was _________ of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried. A. careless B. considerate C. patient D. generous
3. （2019 浙江模拟）Listening is thus an active, not a ________, behavior consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering.
A. considerate B. sensitive C. reliable D. passive
4. （2019 江苏模拟）The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and ________ review of the case. A. comprehensive B. complicated C. conscious D. crucial
5. （2019 湖北模拟）Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be ________.
A. accurate B. punctual C. efficient D. reasonable
6. （2019 湖南模拟） I don’t think what he said is ________ to the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point.
A. faithful B. parallel C. relevant D. similar
7. （2019 四川模拟） Andy is content with the toy. It is ________ he has ever got.
A. a better B. the better C. a best D. the best
8. My schedule is very ______right now, but I’ll try to fit you in.
A. tight B. short C. regular D. flexible
9.—How are your recent trip to Sichuan?
—I’ve never had one before.
A. a pleasant B. a more pleasant C. a most pleasant D. the most pleasant
10. The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be the present one。
A. as three times big as B. three times as big as
C. as big as three times D. as big three times as
答案与解析：
1. C。本题考查的形容词的用法，句意为我对非常的感激那些志愿者，因为他们帮助我度过了难熬的日子。故选：C
2. B。考查形容词辨析。careless 粗心的；considerate 善解人意的； patient耐心的；generous慷慨大方的。句意：Michael告知我们他的延误，以免我们担心，他真是善解人意。
3. D。句意：听是一种主动的，而不是被动的行为。它包含听、理解和记忆。considerate意为“考虑周全的”，sensitive意为“敏感的”，reliable意为“可靠的”，passive意为“被动的”。根据not可以知道前后是反义表达，所以选D。
4. A。本题考察形容词的基本用法，A选项全面的，广泛的，B选项复杂的C选项为有意识的，D选项重要的，关键的。
5. B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管会议大厅靠近他的公寓，如果他想要准时的话，还是必须快点。accurate 精确的；punctual 守时的，准时的；efficient 有效率的；reasonable 合理的。
6. C。句意：我认为他所说的和我们今天讨论的话题无关。他没有抓住要点。faithful 忠实的，忠诚的；parallel 平行的；relevant 有关的；similar 相似的。be relevant to“和……相关”。故选C项。
7. D。句意：Andy很满意这个玩具，这是他拥有过的最好的一个。对多数孩子来说，拥有过的玩具都会有三个或三个以上，所以用形容词最高级。
8. A。句意为“现在，我的计划很紧凑，但我会尽力把你安排进去。”tight ?(安排)紧凑的, 紧密的；short简短的，短缺的,?不够；regular有规律的, 定期的，符合规定的；flexible柔韧的，灵活的，可变通的。
9. B。考查比较级的否定用法。句意为“—最近你到四川的旅行怎么样？—从来没有这么愉快过。”否定词never与a more pleasant连用，表示“非常愉快”，等于最高级。the most pleasant是特指，需要有比较的范围，但是这个范围并不存在。因此选B。
10. B。考查倍数的表达法。句意为“为下一届亚运会而修建的体育馆将会是目前的体育馆三倍大小。”表示倍数的词做修饰语时，放在as的前面，即“倍数 + as + adj. + as”， 因此选B。
语法讲解
形容词的句法功能：
形容词可以在句中作定语、表语、宾补和状语，有时用作同位语。“the+形容词”可以用作主语和宾语。
I think silk ties can be quite nice.（表语）
It was a beautiful morning.（定语）
Strange to say, however, what everyone knows isn’t true.（状语）
We must keep the classroom clean. (补语)
The old should be taken good care of. (主语)
注意： 系表结构没有被动语态，在非谓语动词考查中注意现在分词和过去分词的使用。形容词也可以作状语，表状况、原因、结果等，并不表示动作的方式。
He went to bed, cold and hungry.
As he looked at the goat, it rolled over, dead.
Afraid of difficulties, they prefer to take the easy road.
When it was his turn to deliver his speech, nervous and embarrassed, he walked towards the microphone.?
考查重点：形容词的词义辨析
从最近几年的高考题来看，形容词的词义辨析是形容词考查的主要方面，主要考查在具体语境中准确运用形容词的能力，需要同学们在平时积累重要形容词的用法。
Frank put the medicine in the top drawer to make sure it would not be accessible to the kids.
形容词比较级和最高级的常用句型
相等：as+原形+as; as+原形+名词+as （注意形容词和名词的位置）
She is as tall as her mother.
She is as good a player as you are.
He is as honest a man as you. = He is a man as honest as you.
as many+名词复数+as；as much+(a/an)+名词+as?
It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.?
不及: not as/ so+原形+as; not as/ so +名词+原形 as;比较级+ than；less + 原级 + than
This picture is more beautiful than that one.
I am not so/as clever as you are.
This room is less beautiful than that one.
I have never seen such a more interesting film (than this one).
超越: the +比较级+of the two　　两者中较……的一个
He is the taller of the two.
If the manager had to choose between the two, he would say John was the better choice.
用于否定: no +比较级+than 和……一样不
I am no cleverer than you. I succeeded just because I worked hard.
English is no less important than maths. （英语和数学一样重要。）
用于否定: can’t/couldn’t be 比较级 最……不过
His work couldn't be worse.　
程度递增: 比较级 and 比较级，more and more+多音节词原级 越来越……
The price of the goods is higher and higher.
两种情况同时变化: the +比较级，the+比较级 越……，越……
The harder you work, the more progress you will make.
The higher you climb the mountain, the less air you can breathe.
The more a man knows, the less he knows he knows.
三者或三者以上比较：the +最高级+of/in+比较范围　 ……之中最……；“否定词+比较级”表示最高级
Of all things in the world, you are the most important for me.
I have never spent a more worrying day.
No one is cleverer than he.
— How was your recent trip to Sichuan?
—I’ve never had a more pleasant one before.
senior（年长的；高级的），junior（年幼的；初级的），superior（优越的），inferior（下等的，低劣的）等词与to连用，表示比较级。?
He is three years senior to me.
比较句型中要注意：比较对象应该相同，并且比较对象不能互相包容。
The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.
The director gave me a better offer than that he gave Dick.
It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.
比较级结构的修饰语
用于原级之前：almost, nearly, just, exactly, quite, half , twice, three times , a third...
The rock is almost/ nearly as heavy as that one.
Making the water dirty is just as dangerous as polluting the air.
用于比较级前: many, a few (用于“more +可数名词”前) ；a lot, much , a bit, even, a little , still, a great deal, far, rather, two years, ten percent, three times etc.
After two years’ research, we now have a far better understanding of the disease.
The result is much better than we expected.
Actually, health is far more important than wealth.
It’s even warmer today than yesterday.
用于形容词和最高级前：the very, much the, by far the, the first/second
China has by far the largest population in the world.
The article is much the best of all.
表示倍数的句型：
1. A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B
This room is three times larger than that one.
The old man is two times older than I am.
There are seven times as many people as I expected.
2. A is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B
The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times as big as the present one.
After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced twice as many tractors in 2007 as the year before.?
3. A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，height 等)＋of＋B
This room is three times the size of that one.
This road is six times the length of that one.
4. A is＋倍数＋that＋of＋B
His weight is three times that of mine.
5. A is＋倍数＋what 引导的名词性从句
The production is now three times what it was ten years ago.
The length of the road is four times what it was three years ago.
形容词的位置
形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况下后置：
1. 修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词时；
2. 以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后，如the best book available, the only solution possible；
3. alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等作定语时后置：the only person awake
4. 形容词和空间、时间、单位连用时：a bridge 50 meters long
5. 成对的形容词可以后置：a huge room simple and beautiful
6. 形容词短语一般后置：a man difficult to get on with
7. enough修饰名词时可以前置也可以后置，但修饰形容词或副词时要后置。 enough time足够的时间；big enough 足够大；quickly enough 足够快
形容词副词的区分
某些以-ly 结尾的词是形容词而不是副词：friendly, lively, lovely, lonely, likely, deadly 等。还有一些形容词和副词同形：bright，deep，high，far，fair，slow，late，long，sound，enough，early, fast, loud, straight等。几个表示时间的以ly结尾的形容词也可以当副词使用，如daily(每天)，weekly（每周），monthly（每月），quarterly(每季)，yearly(每年)，early等。　　

多个形容词作名词的定语时的排序问题
形容词的排序规则如下：主观描绘性质、特征的形容词（如pretty）→描写尺寸大小的形容词（如little）→描写形状的形容词（如round）→描写年龄的形容词（如young）→描写颜色的形容词（如green）→描写国籍、地区、出处的形容词（如Spanish）→描写制造材料的形容词（如wooden）→描写用途的名词、动名词或形容词（如a waiting room中的waiting）。有口诀如下：
限定描写大小高，?
形状年龄和新老。?
颜色国籍出材料，?
作用类别往后靠。?
多个形容词作定语时，形容词之间通常不用加and；但是，当这些形容词为表示同一方面的形容词（如颜色等）时，这些形容词之间通常要加and，如a black and white cat（一只黑白相间的猫）。
巩固练习
一、单项选择
1. (2019 四川省德阳市高三“二诊”考试) Believe it or not, I have made a new friend． She is a（n）______________ woman．
A．tall young beautiful American B．American young tall beautiful
C．beautiful tall young American D．beautiful young American tall
2. Samuel can't help having a big nose —it is ___ of him to be curious about others' affairs.
A. typical B. constant C. considerate D. unique
3. We'll get in touch with you as soon as tickets become .
A. present B. precious C. available D. convenient
4. (2019 福建省高三毕业班质量检查) —I think Tom is no longer a child and _______ enough.
—Yes, it’s time he made his own decisions.
A. mature B. stubborn C. ridiculous D. sensitive
5. (2019 湖北省黄冈中学等八校高三第二次模拟考试)The electronic red-packet has been so ______ that AliPay and Tencent Wechat compete against each other openly and secretly since the beginning of this year.
A. popular B. convenient C. favorable D. arbitrary
6. I’m about what I say because careless remarks are likely to hurt others’ feelings.
A. enthusiastic B. curious C. doubtful D. cautious
7.（2019 湖北省黄冈中学等八校高三第二次模拟考试）The Spring Festival is the most joyful time of the year, but it can also be ______ . With all the traveling, visiting relatives, and gift-buying, the holiday can become a tense time for many families.
A. beneficial B. optional C. commercial D. stressful
8. They were pretty poor but most of their friends were even _________.
A. richer B. badly off C. worse off D. well off
9. ______ left before the deadline, it seems _______ that we will finish the task on time.
A. Because so much time; likely B. As so many times; possible
C. Though a lot of time; possible D. With a lot of time; likely
10. A___________ identification card is required when you purchase foreign money from the Bank of China.
A. valid B. perfect C. beneficial D. flexible
11. Our manager, who is particular about everything, will not accept your design unless it is truly .
A. mysterious B. considerate C. curious D. novel
12. She is quite to office work. You had better offer her some suggestions when necessary.
A. familiar B. fresh C. similar D. sensitive
13. —The concert we attended last night was really wonderful.
—Yeah, I had never been to ___.
A. the best one B. a better one C. a worse one D. the worst one
14. The patient is supposed to go to the hospital for checks.
A. common B. normal C. regular D. usual
15. Made up of people from different parts of the world，the neighborhood is much more ________ than any other.
A. reliable B. different C. flexible D. varied
16. We’ve got a general idea of what we want, but nothing ______ at the moment.
A. concrete B. ordinary C. standard D. abstract
17. Though you’ve got a tight schedule these days, I would be ____ if you could afford time to attend our meeting today.
A. concerned B. fascinated C. grateful D. determined
18. The little man was _______ one meter fifty high, who is often laughed at.
A. almost more than B. hardly more than C. nearly more than D. as much as
二、完形填空
阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—20各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
If you have ever been discouraged because of failure, please read on. For often, achieving what you __1__ to do is not the important thing. Let me explain.
Two brothers decided to dig a __2__ hole behind their house. As they were working, a couple of older boys stopped by to __3__.
“What are you doing?” asked one of the visitors.
“We plan to dig a hole all the way through the earth！” one of the brothers __4__ excitedly.
The older boys began to laugh, __5__ the younger ones that digging a hole all the way through the earth was __6__. After a long __7__, one of the diggers picked up a jar full of spiders, worms and a wide variety of insects. He __8__ the lid and showed the wonderful contents to the scoffing (嘲笑)__9__.
Then he said quietly and __10__, “Even if we don’t dig all the way through the earth, look what we have found along the way！”
Their __11__ was far too ambitious, but it did __12_ _them to dig. And that is what a goal is for—to cause us to move in the __13__we have chosen；__14__ to set us to digging!
But not every goal will be fully __15__. Not every job will end successfully. Not every relationship will endure. Not every hope will come to pass. Not every love will last. Not every endeavor will be completed. Not every dream will be __16__.
But when you __17__ your aim, perhaps you can say, “Yes, __18__ look at what I found along the way！Look at the wonderful things which have come into my life because I tried to do something！”
It is in the__19__ that life is lived. And I believe it is joy in the journey, in the end, that truly__20__.
1. A. look forward B. set out C. set about D. give in
2. A. wide B. deep C. large D. shallow
3. A. watch B. discuss C. introduce D. instruct
4. A. whispered B. commented C. lectured D. volunteered
5. A. expressing B. explaining C. telling D. arguing
6. A. unnecessary B. impossible C. unbelievable D. incorrect
7. A. silence B. intention C. recreation D. imagination
8. A. folded B. covered C. removed D. deleted[
9. A. volunteers B. hunters C. contributors D. visitors
10. A. confidently B. curiously C. immediately D. strictly
11. A. idea B. thought C. goal D. belief
12. A. make B. expect C. cause D. force
13. A. decision B. feeling C. chance D. direction
14. A. as a result B. in other words
C. now and then D. all the way
15. A. achieved B. absorbed C. controlled D. decided
16. A. predicted B. grasped C. realized D. depended
17. A. correspond to B. head for C. live up to D. fall short of
18. A. but B. so C. and D. or
19. A. searching B. digging C. arranging D. discovering
20. A. regards B. proves C. occurs D. matters
三、阅读理解
（2019陕西模拟）阅读下面短文，从题中所给的四个选项（A， B， C和D）中选择正确的答案。
When the dog named Judy spotted the first sheep in her life, she did what comes naturally. The four-year-old dog set off racing after the sheep across several fields and, being a city animal, lost both her sheep and her sense of direction. Then she ran along the edge of cliff( 悬崖) and fell 100 feet, bouncing off a rock into the sea.
Her owner Mike Holden panicked and celled the coastguard of Cornwall, who turned up in seconds. Six volunteers slid down the cliff with the help of a rope but gave up all hope of finding her alive after a 90-minute search.
Three days later, a hurricane hit the coast near Cornwall. Mr. Holden returned home from his holiday upset and convinced his pet was dead. He comforted himself with the thought she had died in the most beautiful part of the country.
For the next two weeks, the Holdens were heartbroken. Then, one day, the phone rang and Steve Tregear, the coastguard of Cornwall, asked Holder if he would like his dog bark.
A birdwatcher, armed with a telescope, found the pet sitting desperately on a rock. While he sounded the alarm, a student from Leeds climbed down the cliff to collect Judy.
The dog had initially been knocked unconscious(失去知觉的)but had survived by drinking water from a fresh scream at the base of the cliff. She may have fed on the body of a sheep which had also fallen over the edge. “The dog was very thin and hungry,” Steve Tregearsaid, “It was a very lucky dog. She survived because of a plentiful supply of fresh water,” he added.
It was, as Mr. Holden admitted, “a minor miracle (奇迹)”.
1. The dog Jody fell down the cliff when she was
A. rescuing her owner B. caught in a hurricane
C. blocked by a rock D. running after a sheep
2. Who spotted Judy after the accident?
A. A birdwatcher B. A student from Leeds
C. Six volunteers D. The coastguard of Cornwall
3. What can we infer from the text?
A. People like to travel with their pets.
B. Judy was taken to the fields for hunting.
C. Luck plays a vital role in Judy's survival.
D. Holden cared little where Judy was buried.
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Miracle of the Coastguard. B. Surviving a Hurricane.
C. Dangers in the Wild D. Coming Back from the Dead.
四、阅读问答
（2019 天津模拟）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Six days a week, up and down the red hills of northeast Georgia, my grandfather brought the mail to the folks there. At age 68, he retired from the post office, but he never stopped serving the community.
On his 80th birthday, I sent him a letter, noting the things we all should be thankful for— good health, good friends and good outcomes. By most measurements he was a happy man. Then I suggested it was time for him to slow down. At long last, in a comfortable home, with a generous pension, he should learn to take things easy.
“Thank you for your nice words,” he wrote in his letter back, “and I know what you meant, but slowing down scares me. Life isn’t having it made; it’s getting it made.”
“The finest and happiest years of our lives were not when all the debts were paid, and all difficult experiences had passed, and we had settled into a comfortable home. No. I go back years ago, when we lived in a three-room house, when we got up before daylight and worked till after dark to make ends meet. I rarely had more than four hours of sleep. But what I still can’t figure out is why I never got tired, never felt better in my life. I guess the answer is, we were fighting for survival, protecting and providing for those we loved. What matters are not the great moments, but the partial victories, the waiting, and even the defeats. It’s the journey, not the arrival, that counts.”
The letter ended with a personal request: “Boy, on my next birthday, just tell me to wake up and get going, because I will have one less year to do things—and there are ten million things waiting to be done.”
Christina Rossetti, an English poet, once said: “Does the road wind uphill all the way? Yes, to the very end.” Today, at 96, my grandfather is still on that long road, climbing.
1. What was the author’s grandfather before he retired? (no more than 5 words)
2. What did the author advise his grandfather to do in his letter? (no more than 10 words)
3. What is the grandfather’s view on life according to his letter back? (no more than 10 words)
4. How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? (no more than 10 words)
5. Do you agree with the grandfather’s view on life? Give reasons in your own words, (no more than 20 words)
答案与解析
一、单项选择
1. C。多个形容词修饰同一名词时的顺序是固定的，其顺序为：①冠词、指示代词、不定代词、物主代词+②序数词+基数词+③一般性描绘形容词+④大小、长短、形状+年龄、新旧+⑥颜色+⑦国籍、出处+⑧材料+⑨用途、类别+⑩最终修饰的名词或动名词。
2. A。考查形容词辨析。It?is typical?of?sb.?to?do sth.做某事是某人的风格。句意为：Samuel总是爱管闲事---对别人的事情好奇是他的风格。
3. C。考查形容词辨析。available“可以利用的，可以买到的”。句意为：一有票卖，我们就将联系你们。present 现在的；precious宝贵的，珍贵的；convenient方便的。
4. A。mature 成熟的 stubborn 固执的 ridiculous 滑稽的 sensitive 敏感的。句意：我认为汤姆不再是一个孩子了，他足够成熟了。是的，是该他自己做决定的时候了。
5. A。A. popular 受欢迎的；B. convenient方便的；C. favorable最喜爱的；D. arbitrary专制的；句意：电子红包如此的受欢迎以至于支付宝和腾讯Wechat之间的竞争从今年年初就已经是公开的秘密。
6. D。be cautious about 意思是：对……小心谨慎；谨慎于……。句意为: 我对我所说的话很很谨慎，因为大意的评论很可能会伤害别人的感情。
7. D。A. beneficial 有益的；B. optional可选择的；C. commercial 商业的；D. stressful有压力的；句意：春节是一年中最欢乐的时光，但它有时也会让人“压力山大”。因为要旅行、拜访亲戚、购买礼物，春节让不少家庭倍感压力。
8. C。 考查形容词及短语辨析。句意：他们相当穷，但是他们朋友中的大多数的境况甚至更差。由语境可知C项正确。
9. D。考查句式结构。该句中seem是一个系动词，在表“可能”的形容词中只有likely可以用语it is likely that结构，故排除B和C，时间是被留下的，A中使用的是原因状语从句，但是缺少了系动词 。
10. A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你从中国银行购买外汇时，需要有效身份证。perfect “完美的”；beneficial“有益的”；和 flexible“灵活的”均不符合句意；valid “有效的”符合句意。
11. D。考查形容词辨析。novel 新颖的。句意为：我们的经理，对一切都很挑剔，你的设计除非是真的很新颖，否则他不会接受的。mysterious 神秘的；considerate考虑周到的；curious好奇的，古怪的。
12. B。考查形容词辨析。fresh “没经验的，不熟练的”。她对办公室工作比较生疏，在必要的时候你最好给她提供一些建议。familiar 熟悉的；similar 相似的；sensitive敏感的。
13. B。考查形容词的比较级的用法。这里比较级和否定词连用，表达的是最高级的意思。句意为：—我们参加的音乐会太精彩了。—是的。这是我参加的最好的一场。
14. C。考查形容词辨析。regular checks “常规检查”。句意为：（医生）建议这位病人应该到医院进行常规检查。这里指的是定期的检查，所以选regular。
15. D。考查形容词辨析。由于（这里的人）来自世界各地，所以邻里关系比其他任何一个地方更多样化。varied 意思是：多样化的。
16. A。考查形容词辨析。本句前半部分提到只是有笼统的想法，由此可知此刻还没有任何“具体的”内容，故A项正确。后三项分别表示“普通的”，“标准的”， “抽象的”，与语意不符。
17. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意为“尽管你时间安排很紧，如果今天你能腾出时间参加我们的会议我将很感激。”根据句意选grateful“感激”。
18. B。hardly 相当于no。句意为：这个人不到1米5，常被人嘲笑。
二、完形填空
人一生中会碰到很多挫折和失败，是放弃，还是继续前行？文章告诉我们：人生是一段旅程，重要的并不是最终的目的地，而是沿途迷人的风景。
1. B。此处set out to do sth.是固定词组，表示“打算去做某事”，从语境知，作者认为“实现你原本计划要做的事情并不是那么重要”。set about doing sth.动手做某事。
2. B。从下文through the earth可知，两兄弟要挖一个很深的洞，所以用a deep hole，选B项。
3. A。从下文可知，当这对兄弟正在工作时，两个年龄大些的男孩路过此地并停下来观看。watch观看，观察，符合语境。
4. D。问他们在干什么，兄弟俩其中一个非常兴奋，主动地说他们要挖一个贯穿地球的深洞。volunteer主动告诉，符合语境。whisper轻轻说，comment评论；lecture发表演说，都与语境不符。
5. C。从上下文可知，那两个年长的男孩大笑起来，告诉(telling)他们要挖一个贯穿地球的洞是不可能的(impossible)。express表达；explain解释；argue争辩，都与语境不符。
6. B。unnecessary没必要的；unbelievable难以置信的；incorrect不正确的，都与语境不符。
7. A。尽管遭到嘲笑，但那对年轻的兄弟并没有理会，继续挖他们的洞，最后挖到了一罐虫子。after a long silence表示“经过很长时间的沉默”，符合语境。
8. C。从下文可知，他把盖子拿开(remove)，显示给那两个嘲笑他们的旁观者(visitors)看。fold折叠，cover覆盖；delete删除，据此选C项。
9. D。第三段也有答案提示。
10. A。兄弟俩中较小的那个平静但很自信地(confidently)说“即使我们没有挖通地球，但我们还是有所收获的”，curiously好奇地；immediately立刻，马上；strictly严格地，都不符合语境，所以选A项。
11. C。从下一句可知，此处表示他们的目标(goal)虽然过高，但还是促使(cause)他们去付诸实践，去挖地洞。
12. C。下文cause us to move也是答案提示。
13. D。从上下文可知，目标可以让我们朝我们选定的方向(direction)前行。decision决定，feeling感觉；chance机会，都不符合语境。
14. B。这里是对前一句的进一步解释，故用in other words换句话说。as a result结果；now and then不时地；all the way一直，一路上，都不符合语境。
15. A。第一段中有“achieving what you...”提示，此处语意为“并不是所有的目标都能完全实现(achieve)”。
16. C。根据语境此处表示“实现梦想”，用固定词组realize the dream，所以选C项。
17. D。但是当你的目标达不到(fall short of)时，你可以说“是的，虽然没有达到目标，但(but)看看我在此过程中找到的东西吧！”这里的fall short of是固定词组，表示“缺乏，达不到”。correspond to回应；head for朝……方向去；live up to达到，符合，都不符合语境。
18. A。but表示和上文形成转折。
19. B。此处是引申义，表示“生命在不停的探索之中才有生存的意义”，用digging来表示“人生的探索”，据此选B项。
20. D。文章最后点出主题：人生旅途中的快乐才是重要的。matter在此处作动词，表示“要紧，有重大影响”。
三、阅读理解
本文介绍一条狗名字叫Judy，在追赶一只羊的时候不慎跌入悬崖，主人在寻找几个小时之后未果，本以为狗已经死掉，经过几天后，主人公得到意外消息，狗还活着，感叹奇迹也会出现。
1.D。根据原文Then she ran along the edge of cliff( 悬崖) and fell 100 feet, bouncing off a rock into the sea.得知狗在追一只羊，不慎跌入悬崖，可知答案应该是选D。
2.A。根据文章第五段的句子：A birdwatcher, armed with a telescope, found the pet sitting desperately on a rock. 可知事故后是一个观鸟者看见了Judy，故选A。
3.C。根据文章第六段的句子：It was a very lucky dog. She survived because of a plentiful supply of fresh water.可知在Judy的事故中运气起着至关重要的作用。故选C。
4.D。根据文章的内容可知介绍一只狗掉到悬崖下面死里逃生的经历，所以用 Coming Back from the Dead比较合适。故选D。
四、阅读回答
作者的爷爷曾经是名邮递员，然后退休之后依然忙于做一些有意义的事情。作者写信给爷爷让其多休息，但爷爷回信说他要坚持他忙碌的生活。
1. He was a postman. Or: He worked in a post-office.
根据文章第一段At age 68, he retired from the post office, but he never stopped serving the community.可概括出答案。
2. He advised him to slow down (and take things easy). / He advised he/his grandfather (should) slow down.
根据文章第二段Then I suggested it was time for him to slow down. At long last, in a comfortable home, with a generous pension, he should learn to take things easy. 可概括出答案。
3. The process is more important than the result.
Or: A man should not slow down however old he is.
Or: Life isn’t having it made; it’s getting it made. / It’s the journey, not the arrival that counts.
根据文章第四段It’s the journey, not the arrival, that counts.等可归纳出答案。
4. My/His/The grandfather is still busy doing meaningful things.
Or: The grandfather is still living an active life.
Or: The grandfather is still involved in whatever he can do.
根据上文的内容，可推断出他爷爷仍然忙于做有意义的事情。
5. Yes. One should always be full of passion in his life no matter how old he is.
Or: People should make full use of their time to do something meaningful.
No. It is more sensible for people to slow down and enjoy an easy life in their old age.
Or: Slowing down contributes to better health and longer life for people in old age.
首先要回答同意还是不同意他爷爷的生活观，并且阐述自己的理由。