北师大版高中英语高考总复习：32总复习：句子种类
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| 名称 | 北师大版高中英语高考总复习：32总复习：句子种类 |  | |
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高考总复习：句子种类
真题再现
1．（2015北京高考）He is a shy man, _______he is not afraid of anything or anyone.
A. so B. but C. or D. as
2. （2015福建高考）—I wonder__________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
—By working out every day.
A. where B. how C. why D. if
3. You have to move out of the way _____ the truck cannot get past you.
A. so B. or C. and D. but
4. At school, some students are active ______ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.
A. while B. although C. so D. as
5. ______ at the door before you enter my room, please.
A. Knock B. Knocking C. Knocked D. To knock
6. Jane won’t join us for dinner tonight and_____.
A. neither won’t Tom B. Tom won’t either C. Tom will too D. so will Tom
7. The young man couldn’t afford a new car. _______, he bought a used one.
A. Besides B. Otherwise C. Instead D. Still
8. Bring the flowers into a warm room they’ll soon open.
A. or B. and C. but D. for
9.—Someone wants you on the phone.
— nobody knows I am here.
A. Although B. And C. But D. So
答案与解析
1. B。根据选项判断本题考查连词，翻译前后两句的含义，应该是转折
2. B。考查主从复合句中的宾语从句。句中I是主语，wonder是谓语，how引导的宾语从句在整个句子中做宾语。连接副词how是宾语从句中的方式状语。句子是用表示方式的介词by回答的，所以是针对方式题提问的，故用how。
3. B。此处or表示“否则”。句意：你必须躲开，否则卡车过不去。
4. A。题干句意为：在学校，一些学生很活跃而一些却很害羞，然而他们都可能彼此成为好朋友。根据句意选while，表示两个分句中两种情况的对比。
5. A。纵观题干，before后引导的是时间状语从句，因此before前面为一个完整的单句，用动词原形构成祈使句。
6. B。题干中有并列连词and，并且根据句意，空格处表示“这种情况也适用于汤姆”，前一个分句为否定形式，如果用倒装形式，须用neither will Tom，否则选择B，表达同样的意义。
7. C。题干中为两个独立的单句，需要填入C项才符合逻辑。
8. B。空格前后为独立的句子，根据前后句的逻辑，需要填入and构成“祈使句+and+将来时”句型。
9. C。本题的答语是承接第一句话而来，并且和第一句话构成的语境形成转折关系，填入并列连词but。
知识讲解
英语中的句子按交际用途分为：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、THERE-BE存在句
陈述句
陈述句说明一个事实或陈述一个看法，有肯定式和否定式，语序是主语在前谓语在后。
She arrived early.
He is six years old.
She cannot have arrived now.
She didn’t hear of you before.
半否定句：在英语中，有些单词如seldom, scarcely, hardly, little, few, barely等，都含有否定意义，其所表达的否定意义，很接近never, not, no, none等词，不过语气较弱，而且在否定意义上留有余地，不像never, not, no, none等词绝对。由半否定式表示的否定句称为“半否定句（或准否定句）”。
I hardly know anything about it.
部分否定句：当句子中出现表示全部概念的词，如all（全体），both（两者），every（每个），everybody（每个人），everything（每件事），everywhere（每个地方），always（常常），altogether（全体），entirely（全部），wholly（全部）等，如果用not否定这些词就使句子产生部分否定，表示“不都……，并非……都”的部分否定意义。
All that glitters is not gold.
A man of learning is not always a man of wisdom.
I don’t like both the films.
some用于否定句的四种场合：
1. 用于部分否定的句子中。
I do not like any of the films. 这些电影中我一部也不喜欢。
I don’t like some of the films. 这些电影中的某一些我不喜欢。
I don’t like some one of the films. 这些电影中某一部我不喜欢。
2. 用于否定句，但在否定范围之外。
Some of the students didn’t see the film. 其中有些学生没有看这部电影。
3. 用于否定句表示特别的强调。如：
All of you must pay, not just some. 你们所有人都必须付钱，而不只是一些人付钱。
4. 用于否定句介词without之后。如：
There is no fire without some smoke. 有火就有烟。
注：若在without后用any，则所表示的语气很强，含有“没有任何”“没有一点儿”之意。
He came without any money. 他来时身无分文
全否定句：用either，never，no，no one，nobody，none，neither...nor，nor，not，nothing，no way，nowhere等否定词引导的句子。
I like neither Cathy nor Mary. （全部否定句）
双重否定
双重否定的结果是肯定的。
There was no one who did not feel sympathy for the victims of the accident.
没有人不同情那位意外的牺牲者。
never...without...型双重否定，其意为：没有～决不……；要～一定会……
The dog never crosses a street without stopping at the curb (路边).
双重否定用于表示肯定的内容时，因形式上仍属否定句，所以附加问句为肯定形。
No Japanese breakfast is complete without misosoup(味噌汤), is it?
否定转移：
最常见的否定转移情况是，在表示“看法”的谓语动词上的否定形式，语义上却是否定后面的宾语从句。此类动词有think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, anticipate, fancy, consider, find (感到), guess, be supposed to, figure等。
I don’t believe I’ve met you before. 我认为我没有见过你。
I don’t think you will be late. 我认为你不会迟到。
I don’t suppose he cares, does he? 我看他不在乎，对吧？
He doesn’t expect we need worry. 他认为我们不必着急。
一些表示否定含义的短语:
anything but 决不 (=not…at all)
far from 完全不
fail to 无法～ (=do not, cannot)
too…to… 太……，以致无法……
the last+名词+to不定式(关系代词从句); 最不……
much (still) less 更别提
know better than to 还没笨到……
(but) in vain (但却)无法办到
more than 无法……
be above 是……之力所不能及，无法……
be free from 没有，不
疑问句
疑问句分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句。
一般疑问句
一般疑问句用来询问一件事，这类问句一般由助动词、情态动词或be动词开头，答案通常是yes或no，也有用其他形式回答的。
Do they like skating？
Have you anything to say?
Did someone phone me last night?
—Haven’t you been to the UK?
—I don’t know.
一般疑问句也有用否定形式开头的，它一般都传达某种情绪，如责难、惊奇或赞叹等。在回答这种疑问句时要注意，若回答是肯定的，要用no，否则用yes。
—Can’t you understand it? —No, I can’t.
Isn’t it a beautiful lake?
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词有who, whose, what, which, where, when, why, how等。
如果疑问词作主语或主语的定语，即对主语或主语的定语提问，其语序是陈述句的语序：疑问词（＋主语）＋谓语动词＋其他成分。
Who was the first man in space?
对句子的其他部分提问用倒装语序。
Who are you talking about?
How old is he？
特殊疑问句还有一些简略形式，即省略句子的某些成分，例如：
Why not go alone?
Why get so angry?
How/What about taking a rest?
复杂特殊疑问句：
What do you think he has done?
选择疑问句
选择疑问句提出两种或两种以上的答案以供选择，看哪一种是正确的。
以一般疑问句为基础：
Is he six or seven years old？
Is he a teacher or a doctor or a policeman? Shall I help you or can you manage?
以特殊疑问句为基础：
Which do you prefer, red wine or white wine?
How shall we go there? By bus or by train?
反意疑问句【 句子种类】
反意疑问句由两部分组成，前面是陈述句，后面是简短问句，如果前面是肯定句，后面一般为否定句，如果前面是否定句，则后面为肯定问句。
祈使句的反意疑问句：
Close your books, will you?
Don’t forget to bring your notebook, will you?
Let us go out for a walk, will you?
Let’s go out for a walk, shall we?
含有推测语气的句子的反意疑问句：
You must have a lot of homework today, don’t you?
He can’t be happy about it, is he?
Mum must have heard about it, hasn’t she?
You must have stayed up late last night, didn’t you?
He couldn’t have found the correct answer, has he?
He must be waiting for you outside, isn’t he?
It must have rained last night, didn’t it?
He must have finished his homework, hasn’t he?
含有宾语从句的反意疑问句：
He said he could come and help me when I had trouble, didn’t he?
He didn’t believe they should say such a thing to him, did he?
主句主语是第一人称现在时，动词为think, guess, suppose, believe, expect等词时：
He thinks he is right, doesn’t he?
I think he is right, isn’t he?
I don’t think/believe/suppose/expect/imagine he is right, is he?
Everyone/everybody/someone/somebody went there, didn’t they?
No one/nobody went there, did they?
Everything, anything, to do, doing, that he does it, this, that is right, isn’t it?
Nothing is right, is it?
Everything is going on well, isn’t it?
These/Those are your books, aren’t they?
含否定副词never, hardly…和否定前缀的反意疑问句：
He never likes you, does he?
He dislikes you, doesn’t he?
They seldom went out, did they?
They are unable to go out, aren’t they?
He has a book, doesn’t he/hasn’t he?
He has to buy a book, doesn’t he?
“used to do”的反意疑问句：
He used to get up early, didn’t he?
He used to get up early, usedn’t he?
I’m tired, aren’t I?
对反意疑问句的回答：Yes后跟肯定句，No 后面跟否定句。
—You don’t care about it, do you?
—Yes, I do.
— No, I don’t. It is none of my business.
—Don’t forget to bring your homework.
—No, I won’t.■
祈使句
祈使句是表达命令、要求、请求、劝告等的句子，通常省略主语，谓语动词用原形放在句首。
Be quiet, please.
Don’t make any noise!
有时，为了指明是向谁发出命令或提出请求，可以带上主语。
You call a taxi.
Don’t you forget it.
Be quiet, boys. Don’t talk in class.
“No –ing”形式开头的祈使句表示“禁止、不准”。
No parking!
No littering!
还有一些祈使句中没有动词。
Away with him!
Off with your coat!
Not so fast!
带第一、三人称的祈使句 Let me try again.
Let’s go.
Let us go.
Let’s not say anything about it. /Don’t let’s say…
祈使句加强语气：
Do be careful of my broken leg.
Do let me have another try.
感叹句
感叹句指的就是用以表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。
Wonderful! 真棒!
Good heavens! 天哪!
英语的感叹句通常以how和what开头，其中what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词、副词或动词。
1. What +名词+主语+谓语！
What a surprise! 真是没料到的事!
What fools they are! 他们多傻啊!
2. What+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！
What a fine day! 多好的天气呀!
What a slow train this is! 这列火车开得多慢呀!
注意：以上两条中，如果是单数名词，其前必须要有不定冠词；如果是不可数名词或复数名词，则其前不用不定冠词。
3.How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语！
How nice! 多好呀!
How beautiful the city is! 这座城市多么美丽！
4. How +形容词+ a +单数可数名词+主语+谓语！
How tall a boy he is! 他是一个多高的孩子啊!
How interesting a story it is! 这是个多有趣的故事啊！
注意：这类结构中的名词必须是单数可数名词，不能是复数名词，也不能是不可数名词，且名词前的不定冠词不能省略。
5. How +主语+谓语！
How he worked! 他多么肯干啊!
How I missed you! 我多么想念你啊!
How he wished for a drink! 他多希望能有点东西喝!
这类感叹句可为how的面省略了一个不言而喻的副词。第一句可视为在how之后省略了副词hard，第二、三句可视为在how之后省略了副词much。
“THERE-BE存在句”的具体用法见知识导学“句子成分及简单句基本句型”
按结构分，句子可分为简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句
简单句
如果句子只包含一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）结构，而句子各个成分都只由单词或短语表示，它就是简单句。
Blue and white make light blue.
The train left late that night and arrived at dawn the next morning.
He often reads English in the morning.
Tom and Mike are Americans.
All roads lead to Rome.
Is he a superman?
He got up, dressed quickly, washed himself and went out.
Don’t be shy.
The man dressed in black seems to be a spy.
并列句
并列句包含两个或更多相互独立的主谓结构，分句由并列连词来连接。
表示连接两个同等概念，常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, 等连接。
The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John.
Government make laws and the police enforce them.
并列句表示选择关系，常用的连词有or, either…or…, otherwise等。
Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train.
并列句表示转折关系，常用的连词有but, still, however, yet, while, when等。
He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively
并列句表示因果关系，常用的连词有so, for, therefore等。
It was too late for me to arrive home that night, so I decided to live in a hotel.
主从复合句
复合句含有两个或两个以上的主谓结构，其中一个句子的某个成分，如主语、宾语、表语、同位语、定语、状语等，由另一个句子承担。按照从句在整个复合句中所起的语法作用，可将复合句分为六类。即主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句。
The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.
（when they were at the Great Wall作前一个句子的时间状语。）
What he said was not true. （What he said作整个句子的主语成分。）
My suggestion is that they leave the village as soon as possible.
（that they leave the village as soon as possible作整个句子的表语成分。）
并列复合句
并列复合句即由并列连词连接带从句的并列句。英语中的长难句大多是由并列复合句。
English is widely used in the world, but China has the largest number of people who speak Chinese.
I ask him when we'll go to the zoo, but he doesn't know. The man who is standing under the tree is very poor, but he is very helpful.
He likes math, and he often help others who are weak in it. I don’t believe her, while what she said is true. He didn’t know when they would have the meeting, so he called up his friend. ---- But I fed it yesterday.
B. Glance at C. Stare at D. Watch
巩固练习
一、用连词填空
1. August is the time of the year for harvesting, ________every day I work from dawn until dark.
2. He is a basketball fan, ____ his wife is a volleyball fan.
3. Honey is sweet, _____ the bee stings.
4. Don’t be late, ______there is a meeting.
5. Hurry up, ____you’ll be late.
6. He works hard ______ his brother is a lazy bone.
7. He was enjoying his KFC _____ a friend came.
or
二、判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句：
1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.
2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.
3. There is a chair in this room, isn’t there?
4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.
5. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.
6. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.
7. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so.
8. What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it?
9. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree.
10. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.
三、单项选择
1. ___ food you've cooked!
A. How a nice B. What a nice C. How nice D. What nice
2. Let us pass, ____?
A. shan’t we B. shall we C. won’t we D. will you
3. I don’t suppose he’s serious, ____?
A. do I B. don’t I C. is he D. isn’t he
4. You had better not smoke here, ____?
A. will you B. hadn’t you C. shall you D. have you
5. — ____ is the temperature today?
— It’s 38 degrees.
A. Which B. How C. How hot D. How high
6. — Your uncle isn’t an engineer, is he?
— ____.
A. Yes, he isn’t B. No, he isn’t C. No, he is D. He is
7. — I’d really like some lunch but I have so much work to do.
— ____ what you want and I can get it for you.
A. Tell me B. If you would say to me
C. You will tell me D. If you tell me
8. “Can’t you read?” Mary said ____ to the notice.
A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily
C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointed
9. ____ it with me and I’ll see what I can do.
A. When left B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave
10. — Alice, you must have fed the bird yesterday, ____?
A. mustn’t you B. needn’t you C. didn’t you D. don’t you
四、完形填空
One day I pulled up to my apartment building and noticed there was a father and daughter __1__ some things from a moving truck. Normally I’m shy away from contact with __2__. That particular day, though, something was in me; I can’t explain __3__, but I felt like I should just help these people, even __4__ something as seemingly unimportant as unloading a truck. So I __5__ and introduced myself, welcomed them to the town, and asked them to give me a(n) __6__ to put some proper shoes on. After I had flip-flops (夹趾拖鞋)on, I went over and helped them move all of their __7__ into the apartment.
After we finished, we talked some and I got to know my new __8__. It might seem unimportant, but it seems like people are less __9__ and friendly to their neighbors these days; I wanted to __10__ that, at least in my small __11__ block. So we did talk, and they’re from Florida, just like me.
At that __12__ time in my life, I was going through a really difficult __13__ with my girlfriend of 7 years. I didn’t feel like helping anyone or doing anything __14__, but I figured why not? And I’m glad I did. Also, as __15__ would have it, their daughter is my age (college student) and we each had a mutual (相互的)__16__in one another. This developed into a friendship, and in the coming months, probably more.
The __17__ was the act itself, though. I got to know my new neighbors and made some new friends in the __18__. And I felt really good about it. Since then, I’ve tried __19__ my comfort zone to perform other unplanned acts of __20__. So far, so good. I’d encourage everyone else to do the same!
1. A. stealing B. burdening C. unloading D. packing
2. A. teachers B. strangers C. friends D. parents
3. A. which B. why C. what D. when
4. A. with B. about C. for D. on
5. A. came up B. came on C. came out D. came back
6. A. moment B. hand C. hour D. break
7. A. treasure B. goods C. furniture D. belongings
8. A. neighbors B. girlfriend C. students D. classmates
9. A. open B. afraid C. curious D. lucky
10. A. change B. accept C. receive D. observe
11. A. house B. school C. apartment D. company
12. A. particular B. common C. normal D. usual
13. A. breakout B. breakup C. breakthrough D. breakdown
14. A. primitive B. positive C. meaningless D. important
15. A. luck B. accident C. success D. result
16. A. choice B. habit C. love D. interest
17. A. award B. chance C. reward D. prize
18. A. game B. process C. program D. direction
19. A. expanding B. decreasing C. reducing D. closing
20. A. success B. courage C. kindness D. consideration
五、阅读理解
（2015届高陕西省西安地区八校高三下学期联考）
Katie was in big trouble. She was such a sweet kid; a third-grade teacher always dreamed of having a classroom filled with Katie’s. She was never ever a discipline（纪律）problem. I just couldn't imagine why she had made her parents so angry.
It seemed that Katie had been running up sizable charges in the lunchroom. Her parents explained that Katie brought a great homemade lunch each day, and there was no reason for her to buy school lunch. They assumed a sit-down with Katie would solve the problem, but failed. So they asked me to help them get to the bottom of this situation.
So the next day, I asked Katie to my office. “Why are you charging lunches, Katie? What happened to your homemade lunch?” I asked. “I lose it” she responded. I leaned back in my chair and said, “I don't believe you, Katie.”She didn't care. “Is someone stealing your lunch, Katie?” I took a new track. “No. I just lose it,” she said. Well, there was nothing else I could do.
The problem was still unsolved the next week when I noticed a boy who was new to the school sitting alone at a lunch table. He always looked sad. I thought I would go and sit with him for awhile. As I walked towards him, I noticed the lunch bag on the table. The name on the bag said “Katie”.
Now I understood and I talked to Katie. It seemed that the new boy never brought a lunch, and he wouldn't go to the lunch line for a free lunch. He had told Katie his secret and asked her not to tell anyone that his parents wanted him to get a free lunch at school. Katie asked me not to tell her parents, but I drove to her house that evening after I was sure that she was in bed. I had never seen parents so proud of their child. Katie didn't care that her parents and teacher were disappointed in her. But she cared about a little boy who was hungry and scared.
Katie still buys lunch every day at school. And every day, as she heads out of the door, her mom hands her a delicious homemade lunch.
1. What did the author think of Katie?
A. She performed well at school. B. She was a girl filled with love.
C. She often made trouble at school. D. She used to be a discipline problem.
2. Why did Katie eat school lunch instead of her homemade lunch every day?
A. She lost her homemade lunch.
B. She had her homemade lunch stolen.
C. She didn't like the taste of her homemade lunch.
D. She gave her homemade lunch to a hungry boy.
3. What was Katie's parents' reaction to the truth about the lunch?
A. They were very angry. B. They were proud of Katie.
C. They were disappointed. D. They were rather upset.
4. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Katie was informed that her parents had known her secret.
B. Katie told the author the truth of her lunch during their first talk.
C. Katie's secret of lunch was discovered by the author by accident.
D. Katie stopped buying lunch at school after her secret was discovered.
六、语法填空
（1）
I recently heard a story from a man named Malcolm Dalkoff. For the last 24 years he has been a professional writer. __1__is what he told me:
As a boy in Rock Island, Dalkoff was terribly shy. He had few friends and no self-confidence. One day, his English teacher, Ruth Brauch, gave the class an assignment. The students had been reading To Kill a Mockingbird. __2__they were to write their own chapter that would follow the last chapter of the novel.
Dalkoff wrote__3__chapter and turned it in. Today he cannot recall anything special about the chapter he wrote, __4__what grade Mrs. Brauch gave him. What he__5__remember is the four words Mrs. Brauch wrote in the margin of the paper: “This is good writing.”Four words.__6__changed his life.
“Until I read those words, I had no idea who was or what I was going to be,” he said. “After reading her note, I went home and wrote a short story, something I had always__7__ (dream) of doing but never believed I could do.”
Over the rest of that year in school, he wrote many short stories and always brought them to school for Mrs. Brauch to evaluate. __8__ was encouraging, tough and honest. “She was just__9__I needed,” Dalkoff said.
His confidence grew. Dalkoff believes that__10__of this would have happened if that woman had not written those four words in the margin of his paper.
（2）
A white-bearded ancient man was walking over the hills and valleys of the world. On his back he carried a bag which moved uneasily as if something was trying to escape from it, but he settled it__1__his shoulders and walked on.
He was Father Time, traveling forever, and the bag he bore was filled with Tomorrows, __2__struggling to get out.
Each night at twelve o’clock, he opened the bag and flew out a Tomorrow, just__3__, with its wings of blue, and its shining feathers rising__4__hope. All the rest were kept back by Time’s strong hands and pushed deep in the bag.
Down flew the Tomorrow__5__(beat) its lovely feathers,__6__as it touched the earth, off fell its blue wings and it changed to an ordinary white bird which could not fly. It had become__7__Today. Everyone knows that Today isn’t as wonderful as Tomorrow, for Today can be held in one’s hands, accepted, unloved, but Tomorrow is full of mystery and beauty. It is desired by all the world. Even those who have little hope sigh, “Tomorrow may bring a change. Tomorrow life will be different.”
Everybody tried to catch the Tomorrow__8__it fell to the ground. They thought__9__they knew before hand what the Tomorrow carries, they could prepare for it. So they put great nets on the trees, seeking to catch one before it changed his feather.__10__although they tried every means, the birds escaped and flew to the ground as Todays.
七、书面表达
（2015 高考新课标）假定你是李华，你校英文报“外国文化”栏目拟刊登介绍美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。请给美国朋友彼得写信约稿，要点如下：
1. 栏目介绍；
2. 稿件内容；
3. 稿件长度：约400词；
4. 交稿日期：6月28日前。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头语已为你写好。
Dear Peter,
I’d like to ask you to write an article for our school’s English newspaper.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案与解析
一、用连词填空
1. so 2. and 3. but 4. for 5. or 6. but 7. when
二、判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句
1. 简单句 2. 主从复合句（定语从句）3. 简单句 4. 并列句 5. 并列句
6. 主从复合句（状语从句） 7. 并列句 8. 主从复合句（主语从句）
9. 简单句 10. 简单句
三、单项选择
1. D。由于How修饰形容词、副词；what修饰名词。且food为不可数名词，因此A，B排除。C的“How + adj.”后面不能再加名词，因此只有D正确，其句型为“What + adj. +n. （不可数）”。
2. D。Let us的隐含主语为you，并且“us”中不包含“you”，所以反意疑问部分排除“we”。
3. C。本题的陈述部分为否定转移，反意疑问部分应针对宾语从句部分，并且用肯定形式。
4. B。had better的反意疑问句部分用“had (not) you?”或“will you?”
5. D。温度只用“高、低”形容，不用“冷、热”形容。
6. B。对于“前否后肯”形式的反意疑问句，应根据事实选择“Yes”或“No”，翻译时不按照字面翻译。
7. A。答句中and后为一个完整的句子，判断此句为并列句，and之前为一个完整的句子，只有选择A构成一个“祈使句+and+陈述句”的句型。
8. A。分析句子结构，如果选择B项，那么point用过去式；如果选择D项，angrily放在pointed后面；如果选C项，point不应该用过去分词形式。
9. D。根据句意，and前为独立的句子，选择D构成祈使句。
10.C。 must在句中为推测含义，故反意疑问部分应该根据陈述的事实选择时态，这是对过去事情的推测，选择一般过去时。
四、完形填空
1. C。根据下文from a moving truck及something as seemingly unimportant as unloading a truck可知是从车上卸东西。
2. B。新来的邻居，应该属于陌生人。句意：通常我都不愿意和陌生人接触。
3. C。根据前文something was in me所以本空格内应该是指something。句意：我内心有某种东西，我不能解释是什么(东西)，故用what。
4. A。此处的介词，应该和前边的动词help构成搭配，意思为“帮助某人某事”。help somebody with something是符合这个意思的固定搭配。此题难点在于很多同学看不出与动词help的联系。
5. A。come up来，走近。come on跟我来！来吧！快点来！进步，发展；come out出来；(花)开出，(书等)出版；come back回来，想起来，复原，恢复。
6. A。根据句意：给我点时间去换鞋。
7. D。treasure珍贵的东西；goods货物；furniture家具；belongings所有物、财产、行李。根据语境，新搬来的邻居，应该指所有物。
8. A。根据句意可知应该是和新邻居交谈。
9. A。be open to是“愿意接受……”的意思。
10. A。句意：我决定改变这种情况。
11. C。apartment block意为“公寓大楼”，句意：至少在我的这个公寓大楼里要改变这种现状。
12. A。根据上文照应“Normally I’m shy away from contact with ______. That particular day, though, something was in me”可知是在叙述particular day发生的事情，所以答案为particular。
13. B。breakup分离，分手，分裂。
14. B。根据文章意思可知作者由于失恋不愿意去帮助别人或者去做一些积极向上的事。
15. A。as luck would have it为固定搭配“碰巧”。
16. D。根据后面介词in可知答案首选interest。
17. C。reward回报。句意：但是回报正是这个行为本身。
18. B。in the process在这过程中。
19. A。comfort zone “一个让人感觉舒适而满意的环境”，这里指自己的交往范围。expand扩大(范围等)；使增加；扩张；使膨胀。
20. C。acts of kindness意为“善举”。
五、阅读理解
本文讲述的是Katie为了帮助一个挨饿的、胆小的新生而要家里做的和学校里的两份午餐，虽然面对着老师和父母的误解，她依然帮助新同学。
1.A 推断题。根据文章第一段的a sweet girl和文中老师对她的喜爱可推断她在学校表现很好。故选A。
2. D 细节题。根据文章第四段的As I walked towards him, I noticed the lunch bag on the table. The name on the bag said " Katie " 可知Katie将自己母亲给做的午餐让给了新同学。故选D。
3. B 细节题。根据文章倒数第二段的I had never seen parents so proud of their child推断她的母亲以她为自豪。故选B。
4. C 推断题。根据文中作者和Katie的约定排除A；根据文章第三段排除B；根据文章的最后一段排除D；根据文章的第四段可知作者偶然发现的Katie的秘密。故选C。
六、语法填空
（1）1. Here 2. Now 3. his 4. or 5. does 6. They 7. been dreaming 8. She 9. what 10. none
（2）1. between 2. all 3. one 4. with 5. beating 6. but 7. a 8. before 9. if 10. Yet
七、书面表达
One Possible Version
Dear Peter,
I’d like to ask you to write an article for our school’s English newspaper.
The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is very popular among us students. It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries. Would you please write something about the culture in your part of the United States? And we would especially welcome articles about how Americans spend their holidays and festivals，and the life of American high school students. You can write anything relevant so long as it’s interesting and informative. 400 words would be fine. Could we have your article before June 28?
I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
本篇书面表达属于英文书信。写作时至少注意以下几点：1、要点齐全。首先，简单介绍校英文报栏目的情况。其次，建议Peter介绍美国节日风俗和中学生生活。最后，稿件的要求及时间。2、时态正确。就本文而言应该用一般现在时态。3、措辞得体。因为是书信体，多使用礼貌、客气用语。
真题再现
1．（2015北京高考）He is a shy man, _______he is not afraid of anything or anyone.
A. so B. but C. or D. as
2. （2015福建高考）—I wonder__________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
—By working out every day.
A. where B. how C. why D. if
3. You have to move out of the way _____ the truck cannot get past you.
A. so B. or C. and D. but
4. At school, some students are active ______ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.
A. while B. although C. so D. as
5. ______ at the door before you enter my room, please.
A. Knock B. Knocking C. Knocked D. To knock
6. Jane won’t join us for dinner tonight and_____.
A. neither won’t Tom B. Tom won’t either C. Tom will too D. so will Tom
7. The young man couldn’t afford a new car. _______, he bought a used one.
A. Besides B. Otherwise C. Instead D. Still
8. Bring the flowers into a warm room they’ll soon open.
A. or B. and C. but D. for
9.—Someone wants you on the phone.
— nobody knows I am here.
A. Although B. And C. But D. So
答案与解析
1. B。根据选项判断本题考查连词，翻译前后两句的含义，应该是转折
2. B。考查主从复合句中的宾语从句。句中I是主语，wonder是谓语，how引导的宾语从句在整个句子中做宾语。连接副词how是宾语从句中的方式状语。句子是用表示方式的介词by回答的，所以是针对方式题提问的，故用how。
3. B。此处or表示“否则”。句意：你必须躲开，否则卡车过不去。
4. A。题干句意为：在学校，一些学生很活跃而一些却很害羞，然而他们都可能彼此成为好朋友。根据句意选while，表示两个分句中两种情况的对比。
5. A。纵观题干，before后引导的是时间状语从句，因此before前面为一个完整的单句，用动词原形构成祈使句。
6. B。题干中有并列连词and，并且根据句意，空格处表示“这种情况也适用于汤姆”，前一个分句为否定形式，如果用倒装形式，须用neither will Tom，否则选择B，表达同样的意义。
7. C。题干中为两个独立的单句，需要填入C项才符合逻辑。
8. B。空格前后为独立的句子，根据前后句的逻辑，需要填入and构成“祈使句+and+将来时”句型。
9. C。本题的答语是承接第一句话而来，并且和第一句话构成的语境形成转折关系，填入并列连词but。
知识讲解
英语中的句子按交际用途分为：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、THERE-BE存在句
陈述句
陈述句说明一个事实或陈述一个看法，有肯定式和否定式，语序是主语在前谓语在后。
She arrived early.
He is six years old.
She cannot have arrived now.
She didn’t hear of you before.
半否定句：在英语中，有些单词如seldom, scarcely, hardly, little, few, barely等，都含有否定意义，其所表达的否定意义，很接近never, not, no, none等词，不过语气较弱，而且在否定意义上留有余地，不像never, not, no, none等词绝对。由半否定式表示的否定句称为“半否定句（或准否定句）”。
I hardly know anything about it.
部分否定句：当句子中出现表示全部概念的词，如all（全体），both（两者），every（每个），everybody（每个人），everything（每件事），everywhere（每个地方），always（常常），altogether（全体），entirely（全部），wholly（全部）等，如果用not否定这些词就使句子产生部分否定，表示“不都……，并非……都”的部分否定意义。
All that glitters is not gold.
A man of learning is not always a man of wisdom.
I don’t like both the films.
some用于否定句的四种场合：
1. 用于部分否定的句子中。
I do not like any of the films. 这些电影中我一部也不喜欢。
I don’t like some of the films. 这些电影中的某一些我不喜欢。
I don’t like some one of the films. 这些电影中某一部我不喜欢。
2. 用于否定句，但在否定范围之外。
Some of the students didn’t see the film. 其中有些学生没有看这部电影。
3. 用于否定句表示特别的强调。如：
All of you must pay, not just some. 你们所有人都必须付钱，而不只是一些人付钱。
4. 用于否定句介词without之后。如：
There is no fire without some smoke. 有火就有烟。
注：若在without后用any，则所表示的语气很强，含有“没有任何”“没有一点儿”之意。
He came without any money. 他来时身无分文
全否定句：用either，never，no，no one，nobody，none，neither...nor，nor，not，nothing，no way，nowhere等否定词引导的句子。
I like neither Cathy nor Mary. （全部否定句）
双重否定
双重否定的结果是肯定的。
There was no one who did not feel sympathy for the victims of the accident.
没有人不同情那位意外的牺牲者。
never...without...型双重否定，其意为：没有～决不……；要～一定会……
The dog never crosses a street without stopping at the curb (路边).
双重否定用于表示肯定的内容时，因形式上仍属否定句，所以附加问句为肯定形。
No Japanese breakfast is complete without misosoup(味噌汤), is it?
否定转移：
最常见的否定转移情况是，在表示“看法”的谓语动词上的否定形式，语义上却是否定后面的宾语从句。此类动词有think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, anticipate, fancy, consider, find (感到), guess, be supposed to, figure等。
I don’t believe I’ve met you before. 我认为我没有见过你。
I don’t think you will be late. 我认为你不会迟到。
I don’t suppose he cares, does he? 我看他不在乎，对吧？
He doesn’t expect we need worry. 他认为我们不必着急。
一些表示否定含义的短语:
anything but 决不 (=not…at all)
far from 完全不
fail to 无法～ (=do not, cannot)
too…to… 太……，以致无法……
the last+名词+to不定式(关系代词从句); 最不……
much (still) less 更别提
know better than to 还没笨到……
(but) in vain (但却)无法办到
more than 无法……
be above 是……之力所不能及，无法……
be free from 没有，不
疑问句
疑问句分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句。
一般疑问句
一般疑问句用来询问一件事，这类问句一般由助动词、情态动词或be动词开头，答案通常是yes或no，也有用其他形式回答的。
Do they like skating？
Have you anything to say?
Did someone phone me last night?
—Haven’t you been to the UK?
—I don’t know.
一般疑问句也有用否定形式开头的，它一般都传达某种情绪，如责难、惊奇或赞叹等。在回答这种疑问句时要注意，若回答是肯定的，要用no，否则用yes。
—Can’t you understand it? —No, I can’t.
Isn’t it a beautiful lake?
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词有who, whose, what, which, where, when, why, how等。
如果疑问词作主语或主语的定语，即对主语或主语的定语提问，其语序是陈述句的语序：疑问词（＋主语）＋谓语动词＋其他成分。
Who was the first man in space?
对句子的其他部分提问用倒装语序。
Who are you talking about?
How old is he？
特殊疑问句还有一些简略形式，即省略句子的某些成分，例如：
Why not go alone?
Why get so angry?
How/What about taking a rest?
复杂特殊疑问句：
What do you think he has done?
选择疑问句
选择疑问句提出两种或两种以上的答案以供选择，看哪一种是正确的。
以一般疑问句为基础：
Is he six or seven years old？
Is he a teacher or a doctor or a policeman? Shall I help you or can you manage?
以特殊疑问句为基础：
Which do you prefer, red wine or white wine?
How shall we go there? By bus or by train?
反意疑问句【 句子种类】
反意疑问句由两部分组成，前面是陈述句，后面是简短问句，如果前面是肯定句，后面一般为否定句，如果前面是否定句，则后面为肯定问句。
祈使句的反意疑问句：
Close your books, will you?
Don’t forget to bring your notebook, will you?
Let us go out for a walk, will you?
Let’s go out for a walk, shall we?
含有推测语气的句子的反意疑问句：
You must have a lot of homework today, don’t you?
He can’t be happy about it, is he?
Mum must have heard about it, hasn’t she?
You must have stayed up late last night, didn’t you?
He couldn’t have found the correct answer, has he?
He must be waiting for you outside, isn’t he?
It must have rained last night, didn’t it?
He must have finished his homework, hasn’t he?
含有宾语从句的反意疑问句：
He said he could come and help me when I had trouble, didn’t he?
He didn’t believe they should say such a thing to him, did he?
主句主语是第一人称现在时，动词为think, guess, suppose, believe, expect等词时：
He thinks he is right, doesn’t he?
I think he is right, isn’t he?
I don’t think/believe/suppose/expect/imagine he is right, is he?
Everyone/everybody/someone/somebody went there, didn’t they?
No one/nobody went there, did they?
Everything, anything, to do, doing, that he does it, this, that is right, isn’t it?
Nothing is right, is it?
Everything is going on well, isn’t it?
These/Those are your books, aren’t they?
含否定副词never, hardly…和否定前缀的反意疑问句：
He never likes you, does he?
He dislikes you, doesn’t he?
They seldom went out, did they?
They are unable to go out, aren’t they?
He has a book, doesn’t he/hasn’t he?
He has to buy a book, doesn’t he?
“used to do”的反意疑问句：
He used to get up early, didn’t he?
He used to get up early, usedn’t he?
I’m tired, aren’t I?
对反意疑问句的回答：Yes后跟肯定句，No 后面跟否定句。
—You don’t care about it, do you?
—Yes, I do.
— No, I don’t. It is none of my business.
—Don’t forget to bring your homework.
—No, I won’t.■
祈使句
祈使句是表达命令、要求、请求、劝告等的句子，通常省略主语，谓语动词用原形放在句首。
Be quiet, please.
Don’t make any noise!
有时，为了指明是向谁发出命令或提出请求，可以带上主语。
You call a taxi.
Don’t you forget it.
Be quiet, boys. Don’t talk in class.
“No –ing”形式开头的祈使句表示“禁止、不准”。
No parking!
No littering!
还有一些祈使句中没有动词。
Away with him!
Off with your coat!
Not so fast!
带第一、三人称的祈使句 Let me try again.
Let’s go.
Let us go.
Let’s not say anything about it. /Don’t let’s say…
祈使句加强语气：
Do be careful of my broken leg.
Do let me have another try.
感叹句
感叹句指的就是用以表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。
Wonderful! 真棒!
Good heavens! 天哪!
英语的感叹句通常以how和what开头，其中what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词、副词或动词。
1. What +名词+主语+谓语！
What a surprise! 真是没料到的事!
What fools they are! 他们多傻啊!
2. What+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！
What a fine day! 多好的天气呀!
What a slow train this is! 这列火车开得多慢呀!
注意：以上两条中，如果是单数名词，其前必须要有不定冠词；如果是不可数名词或复数名词，则其前不用不定冠词。
3.How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语！
How nice! 多好呀!
How beautiful the city is! 这座城市多么美丽！
4. How +形容词+ a +单数可数名词+主语+谓语！
How tall a boy he is! 他是一个多高的孩子啊!
How interesting a story it is! 这是个多有趣的故事啊！
注意：这类结构中的名词必须是单数可数名词，不能是复数名词，也不能是不可数名词，且名词前的不定冠词不能省略。
5. How +主语+谓语！
How he worked! 他多么肯干啊!
How I missed you! 我多么想念你啊!
How he wished for a drink! 他多希望能有点东西喝!
这类感叹句可为how的面省略了一个不言而喻的副词。第一句可视为在how之后省略了副词hard，第二、三句可视为在how之后省略了副词much。
“THERE-BE存在句”的具体用法见知识导学“句子成分及简单句基本句型”
按结构分，句子可分为简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句
简单句
如果句子只包含一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）结构，而句子各个成分都只由单词或短语表示，它就是简单句。
Blue and white make light blue.
The train left late that night and arrived at dawn the next morning.
He often reads English in the morning.
Tom and Mike are Americans.
All roads lead to Rome.
Is he a superman?
He got up, dressed quickly, washed himself and went out.
Don’t be shy.
The man dressed in black seems to be a spy.
并列句
并列句包含两个或更多相互独立的主谓结构，分句由并列连词来连接。
表示连接两个同等概念，常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, 等连接。
The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John.
Government make laws and the police enforce them.
并列句表示选择关系，常用的连词有or, either…or…, otherwise等。
Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train.
并列句表示转折关系，常用的连词有but, still, however, yet, while, when等。
He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively
并列句表示因果关系，常用的连词有so, for, therefore等。
It was too late for me to arrive home that night, so I decided to live in a hotel.
主从复合句
复合句含有两个或两个以上的主谓结构，其中一个句子的某个成分，如主语、宾语、表语、同位语、定语、状语等，由另一个句子承担。按照从句在整个复合句中所起的语法作用，可将复合句分为六类。即主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句。
The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.
（when they were at the Great Wall作前一个句子的时间状语。）
What he said was not true. （What he said作整个句子的主语成分。）
My suggestion is that they leave the village as soon as possible.
（that they leave the village as soon as possible作整个句子的表语成分。）
并列复合句
并列复合句即由并列连词连接带从句的并列句。英语中的长难句大多是由并列复合句。
English is widely used in the world, but China has the largest number of people who speak Chinese.
I ask him when we'll go to the zoo, but he doesn't know. The man who is standing under the tree is very poor, but he is very helpful.
He likes math, and he often help others who are weak in it. I don’t believe her, while what she said is true. He didn’t know when they would have the meeting, so he called up his friend. ---- But I fed it yesterday.
B. Glance at C. Stare at D. Watch
巩固练习
一、用连词填空
1. August is the time of the year for harvesting, ________every day I work from dawn until dark.
2. He is a basketball fan, ____ his wife is a volleyball fan.
3. Honey is sweet, _____ the bee stings.
4. Don’t be late, ______there is a meeting.
5. Hurry up, ____you’ll be late.
6. He works hard ______ his brother is a lazy bone.
7. He was enjoying his KFC _____ a friend came.
or
二、判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句：
1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.
2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.
3. There is a chair in this room, isn’t there?
4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.
5. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.
6. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.
7. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so.
8. What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it?
9. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree.
10. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.
三、单项选择
1. ___ food you've cooked!
A. How a nice B. What a nice C. How nice D. What nice
2. Let us pass, ____?
A. shan’t we B. shall we C. won’t we D. will you
3. I don’t suppose he’s serious, ____?
A. do I B. don’t I C. is he D. isn’t he
4. You had better not smoke here, ____?
A. will you B. hadn’t you C. shall you D. have you
5. — ____ is the temperature today?
— It’s 38 degrees.
A. Which B. How C. How hot D. How high
6. — Your uncle isn’t an engineer, is he?
— ____.
A. Yes, he isn’t B. No, he isn’t C. No, he is D. He is
7. — I’d really like some lunch but I have so much work to do.
— ____ what you want and I can get it for you.
A. Tell me B. If you would say to me
C. You will tell me D. If you tell me
8. “Can’t you read?” Mary said ____ to the notice.
A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily
C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointed
9. ____ it with me and I’ll see what I can do.
A. When left B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave
10. — Alice, you must have fed the bird yesterday, ____?
A. mustn’t you B. needn’t you C. didn’t you D. don’t you
四、完形填空
One day I pulled up to my apartment building and noticed there was a father and daughter __1__ some things from a moving truck. Normally I’m shy away from contact with __2__. That particular day, though, something was in me; I can’t explain __3__, but I felt like I should just help these people, even __4__ something as seemingly unimportant as unloading a truck. So I __5__ and introduced myself, welcomed them to the town, and asked them to give me a(n) __6__ to put some proper shoes on. After I had flip-flops (夹趾拖鞋)on, I went over and helped them move all of their __7__ into the apartment.
After we finished, we talked some and I got to know my new __8__. It might seem unimportant, but it seems like people are less __9__ and friendly to their neighbors these days; I wanted to __10__ that, at least in my small __11__ block. So we did talk, and they’re from Florida, just like me.
At that __12__ time in my life, I was going through a really difficult __13__ with my girlfriend of 7 years. I didn’t feel like helping anyone or doing anything __14__, but I figured why not? And I’m glad I did. Also, as __15__ would have it, their daughter is my age (college student) and we each had a mutual (相互的)__16__in one another. This developed into a friendship, and in the coming months, probably more.
The __17__ was the act itself, though. I got to know my new neighbors and made some new friends in the __18__. And I felt really good about it. Since then, I’ve tried __19__ my comfort zone to perform other unplanned acts of __20__. So far, so good. I’d encourage everyone else to do the same!
1. A. stealing B. burdening C. unloading D. packing
2. A. teachers B. strangers C. friends D. parents
3. A. which B. why C. what D. when
4. A. with B. about C. for D. on
5. A. came up B. came on C. came out D. came back
6. A. moment B. hand C. hour D. break
7. A. treasure B. goods C. furniture D. belongings
8. A. neighbors B. girlfriend C. students D. classmates
9. A. open B. afraid C. curious D. lucky
10. A. change B. accept C. receive D. observe
11. A. house B. school C. apartment D. company
12. A. particular B. common C. normal D. usual
13. A. breakout B. breakup C. breakthrough D. breakdown
14. A. primitive B. positive C. meaningless D. important
15. A. luck B. accident C. success D. result
16. A. choice B. habit C. love D. interest
17. A. award B. chance C. reward D. prize
18. A. game B. process C. program D. direction
19. A. expanding B. decreasing C. reducing D. closing
20. A. success B. courage C. kindness D. consideration
五、阅读理解
（2015届高陕西省西安地区八校高三下学期联考）
Katie was in big trouble. She was such a sweet kid; a third-grade teacher always dreamed of having a classroom filled with Katie’s. She was never ever a discipline（纪律）problem. I just couldn't imagine why she had made her parents so angry.
It seemed that Katie had been running up sizable charges in the lunchroom. Her parents explained that Katie brought a great homemade lunch each day, and there was no reason for her to buy school lunch. They assumed a sit-down with Katie would solve the problem, but failed. So they asked me to help them get to the bottom of this situation.
So the next day, I asked Katie to my office. “Why are you charging lunches, Katie? What happened to your homemade lunch?” I asked. “I lose it” she responded. I leaned back in my chair and said, “I don't believe you, Katie.”She didn't care. “Is someone stealing your lunch, Katie?” I took a new track. “No. I just lose it,” she said. Well, there was nothing else I could do.
The problem was still unsolved the next week when I noticed a boy who was new to the school sitting alone at a lunch table. He always looked sad. I thought I would go and sit with him for awhile. As I walked towards him, I noticed the lunch bag on the table. The name on the bag said “Katie”.
Now I understood and I talked to Katie. It seemed that the new boy never brought a lunch, and he wouldn't go to the lunch line for a free lunch. He had told Katie his secret and asked her not to tell anyone that his parents wanted him to get a free lunch at school. Katie asked me not to tell her parents, but I drove to her house that evening after I was sure that she was in bed. I had never seen parents so proud of their child. Katie didn't care that her parents and teacher were disappointed in her. But she cared about a little boy who was hungry and scared.
Katie still buys lunch every day at school. And every day, as she heads out of the door, her mom hands her a delicious homemade lunch.
1. What did the author think of Katie?
A. She performed well at school. B. She was a girl filled with love.
C. She often made trouble at school. D. She used to be a discipline problem.
2. Why did Katie eat school lunch instead of her homemade lunch every day?
A. She lost her homemade lunch.
B. She had her homemade lunch stolen.
C. She didn't like the taste of her homemade lunch.
D. She gave her homemade lunch to a hungry boy.
3. What was Katie's parents' reaction to the truth about the lunch?
A. They were very angry. B. They were proud of Katie.
C. They were disappointed. D. They were rather upset.
4. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Katie was informed that her parents had known her secret.
B. Katie told the author the truth of her lunch during their first talk.
C. Katie's secret of lunch was discovered by the author by accident.
D. Katie stopped buying lunch at school after her secret was discovered.
六、语法填空
（1）
I recently heard a story from a man named Malcolm Dalkoff. For the last 24 years he has been a professional writer. __1__is what he told me:
As a boy in Rock Island, Dalkoff was terribly shy. He had few friends and no self-confidence. One day, his English teacher, Ruth Brauch, gave the class an assignment. The students had been reading To Kill a Mockingbird. __2__they were to write their own chapter that would follow the last chapter of the novel.
Dalkoff wrote__3__chapter and turned it in. Today he cannot recall anything special about the chapter he wrote, __4__what grade Mrs. Brauch gave him. What he__5__remember is the four words Mrs. Brauch wrote in the margin of the paper: “This is good writing.”Four words.__6__changed his life.
“Until I read those words, I had no idea who was or what I was going to be,” he said. “After reading her note, I went home and wrote a short story, something I had always__7__ (dream) of doing but never believed I could do.”
Over the rest of that year in school, he wrote many short stories and always brought them to school for Mrs. Brauch to evaluate. __8__ was encouraging, tough and honest. “She was just__9__I needed,” Dalkoff said.
His confidence grew. Dalkoff believes that__10__of this would have happened if that woman had not written those four words in the margin of his paper.
（2）
A white-bearded ancient man was walking over the hills and valleys of the world. On his back he carried a bag which moved uneasily as if something was trying to escape from it, but he settled it__1__his shoulders and walked on.
He was Father Time, traveling forever, and the bag he bore was filled with Tomorrows, __2__struggling to get out.
Each night at twelve o’clock, he opened the bag and flew out a Tomorrow, just__3__, with its wings of blue, and its shining feathers rising__4__hope. All the rest were kept back by Time’s strong hands and pushed deep in the bag.
Down flew the Tomorrow__5__(beat) its lovely feathers,__6__as it touched the earth, off fell its blue wings and it changed to an ordinary white bird which could not fly. It had become__7__Today. Everyone knows that Today isn’t as wonderful as Tomorrow, for Today can be held in one’s hands, accepted, unloved, but Tomorrow is full of mystery and beauty. It is desired by all the world. Even those who have little hope sigh, “Tomorrow may bring a change. Tomorrow life will be different.”
Everybody tried to catch the Tomorrow__8__it fell to the ground. They thought__9__they knew before hand what the Tomorrow carries, they could prepare for it. So they put great nets on the trees, seeking to catch one before it changed his feather.__10__although they tried every means, the birds escaped and flew to the ground as Todays.
七、书面表达
（2015 高考新课标）假定你是李华，你校英文报“外国文化”栏目拟刊登介绍美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。请给美国朋友彼得写信约稿，要点如下：
1. 栏目介绍；
2. 稿件内容；
3. 稿件长度：约400词；
4. 交稿日期：6月28日前。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头语已为你写好。
Dear Peter,
I’d like to ask you to write an article for our school’s English newspaper.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案与解析
一、用连词填空
1. so 2. and 3. but 4. for 5. or 6. but 7. when
二、判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句
1. 简单句 2. 主从复合句（定语从句）3. 简单句 4. 并列句 5. 并列句
6. 主从复合句（状语从句） 7. 并列句 8. 主从复合句（主语从句）
9. 简单句 10. 简单句
三、单项选择
1. D。由于How修饰形容词、副词；what修饰名词。且food为不可数名词，因此A，B排除。C的“How + adj.”后面不能再加名词，因此只有D正确，其句型为“What + adj. +n. （不可数）”。
2. D。Let us的隐含主语为you，并且“us”中不包含“you”，所以反意疑问部分排除“we”。
3. C。本题的陈述部分为否定转移，反意疑问部分应针对宾语从句部分，并且用肯定形式。
4. B。had better的反意疑问句部分用“had (not) you?”或“will you?”
5. D。温度只用“高、低”形容，不用“冷、热”形容。
6. B。对于“前否后肯”形式的反意疑问句，应根据事实选择“Yes”或“No”，翻译时不按照字面翻译。
7. A。答句中and后为一个完整的句子，判断此句为并列句，and之前为一个完整的句子，只有选择A构成一个“祈使句+and+陈述句”的句型。
8. A。分析句子结构，如果选择B项，那么point用过去式；如果选择D项，angrily放在pointed后面；如果选C项，point不应该用过去分词形式。
9. D。根据句意，and前为独立的句子，选择D构成祈使句。
10.C。 must在句中为推测含义，故反意疑问部分应该根据陈述的事实选择时态，这是对过去事情的推测，选择一般过去时。
四、完形填空
1. C。根据下文from a moving truck及something as seemingly unimportant as unloading a truck可知是从车上卸东西。
2. B。新来的邻居，应该属于陌生人。句意：通常我都不愿意和陌生人接触。
3. C。根据前文something was in me所以本空格内应该是指something。句意：我内心有某种东西，我不能解释是什么(东西)，故用what。
4. A。此处的介词，应该和前边的动词help构成搭配，意思为“帮助某人某事”。help somebody with something是符合这个意思的固定搭配。此题难点在于很多同学看不出与动词help的联系。
5. A。come up来，走近。come on跟我来！来吧！快点来！进步，发展；come out出来；(花)开出，(书等)出版；come back回来，想起来，复原，恢复。
6. A。根据句意：给我点时间去换鞋。
7. D。treasure珍贵的东西；goods货物；furniture家具；belongings所有物、财产、行李。根据语境，新搬来的邻居，应该指所有物。
8. A。根据句意可知应该是和新邻居交谈。
9. A。be open to是“愿意接受……”的意思。
10. A。句意：我决定改变这种情况。
11. C。apartment block意为“公寓大楼”，句意：至少在我的这个公寓大楼里要改变这种现状。
12. A。根据上文照应“Normally I’m shy away from contact with ______. That particular day, though, something was in me”可知是在叙述particular day发生的事情，所以答案为particular。
13. B。breakup分离，分手，分裂。
14. B。根据文章意思可知作者由于失恋不愿意去帮助别人或者去做一些积极向上的事。
15. A。as luck would have it为固定搭配“碰巧”。
16. D。根据后面介词in可知答案首选interest。
17. C。reward回报。句意：但是回报正是这个行为本身。
18. B。in the process在这过程中。
19. A。comfort zone “一个让人感觉舒适而满意的环境”，这里指自己的交往范围。expand扩大(范围等)；使增加；扩张；使膨胀。
20. C。acts of kindness意为“善举”。
五、阅读理解
本文讲述的是Katie为了帮助一个挨饿的、胆小的新生而要家里做的和学校里的两份午餐，虽然面对着老师和父母的误解，她依然帮助新同学。
1.A 推断题。根据文章第一段的a sweet girl和文中老师对她的喜爱可推断她在学校表现很好。故选A。
2. D 细节题。根据文章第四段的As I walked towards him, I noticed the lunch bag on the table. The name on the bag said " Katie " 可知Katie将自己母亲给做的午餐让给了新同学。故选D。
3. B 细节题。根据文章倒数第二段的I had never seen parents so proud of their child推断她的母亲以她为自豪。故选B。
4. C 推断题。根据文中作者和Katie的约定排除A；根据文章第三段排除B；根据文章的最后一段排除D；根据文章的第四段可知作者偶然发现的Katie的秘密。故选C。
六、语法填空
（1）1. Here 2. Now 3. his 4. or 5. does 6. They 7. been dreaming 8. She 9. what 10. none
（2）1. between 2. all 3. one 4. with 5. beating 6. but 7. a 8. before 9. if 10. Yet
七、书面表达
One Possible Version
Dear Peter,
I’d like to ask you to write an article for our school’s English newspaper.
The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is very popular among us students. It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries. Would you please write something about the culture in your part of the United States? And we would especially welcome articles about how Americans spend their holidays and festivals，and the life of American high school students. You can write anything relevant so long as it’s interesting and informative. 400 words would be fine. Could we have your article before June 28?
I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
本篇书面表达属于英文书信。写作时至少注意以下几点：1、要点齐全。首先，简单介绍校英文报栏目的情况。其次，建议Peter介绍美国节日风俗和中学生生活。最后，稿件的要求及时间。2、时态正确。就本文而言应该用一般现在时态。3、措辞得体。因为是书信体，多使用礼貌、客气用语。