45分语言知识运用练(一)
语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[2019·河北九校联考]As a young girl I dreamed of being a dancer, so my parents let me attend dance classes when I was in first grade. But I __1__ knew the years to follow would teach me so many life lessons: hard work, leadership, passion (激情)．..
I was a part of dance teams where I learned to dance in __2__ styles such as jazz, tap dance, ballet and so on. Due to my talent and hard work, I quickly __3__ in the teams.However, these classes became too __4__ for my parents when I was 13, leading me not to take conventional dance classes for the next four years. I knew we were not __5__ then, so I had no complaint.
__6__ I was not taking dance classes, I used what I learned in __7__ classes to keep my flexibility and develop my dancing skills. Throughout this time my __8__ for dancing helped me learn how to be a(n) __9__ as I coached myself, taught my sisters and __10__ my own shows for my family. With the time and hard work in the four years when I __11__ to take dance classes, I was able to be __12__ to my high school dance team.
Over the next three years in the team I __13__ myself to be the best dancer. I managed to involve myself in every dance __14__； I also struggled with many __15__. During the first year on the team both of my ankles hurt several times, and it took me months of __16__. However, my second competition season __17__ patellar tendinitis (肌腱炎) in my knees, which __18__ disturbs me constantly till today. Even so, I was able to become a co-captain of the team and lead them to __19__ the first national championship title in the __20__ of the team!
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历 主题：学习舞蹈
【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了她学习舞蹈的经历，字里行间透露的是作者的毅力和决心。
1．A.really B．merely
C．suddenly D．barely
答案与解析：D 依据But的转折和后面的内容“the years to follow would teach me so many life lessons: hard work, leadership, passion(激情)”可知，此处应用一个表示否定意义的副词，表示作者不知道接下来几年的舞蹈学习会教会她这么多。barely“几乎不，几乎没有”，符合语境。
2．A.various B．latest
C．unique D．classical
答案与解析：A 依据下文的“such as jazz, tap dance, ballet and so on”可知，作者学跳各种风格的舞蹈。latest“最新的”；unique“独特的”；classical“古典的”。
3．A.worked out B．took out
C．came out D．stood out
答案与解析：D 依据上文的“Due to my talent and hard work”可知，由于作者既有天分又勤奋，她很快在舞蹈队里脱颖而出。work out“锻炼身体；计算出”；take out“拿出；提取”；come out“出版；被获知；盛开”；stand out“出色；显眼”。
4．A.deadly B．strange
C．costly D．valuable
答案与解析：C 依据下文的“leading me not to take conventional dance classes for the next four years”可知，此处表示因为舞蹈课的费用非常高，父母无力支付，因此作者停止了舞蹈学习；costly是形容词，表示“昂贵的”。
5．A.happy B．content
C．comfortable D．secure
答案与解析：C 依据上文作者父母无力支付作者舞蹈学习费用的内容和下文的“so I had no complaint”可知，此处表示作者知道家里并不宽裕，因此她并不抱怨父母。happy“幸福的”；content“满足的”；comfortable“宽裕的，富裕的”；secure“安全的，牢靠的”。
6．A.Now that B．Even if
C．As though D．Just when
答案与解析：B 依据主句“I used what I learned... develop my dancing skills”可以推断出，该空所在的从句是让步状语从句，故用Even if “尽管”。
7．A.new B．primary
C．previous D．final
答案与解析：C 由上文可知，作者这几年没有上正规的舞蹈课，由此推断她用以前学到的舞蹈知识来进行练习。primary“主要的，基本的”；previous“先前的”；final“最终的”。
8．A.energy B．admiration
C．appreciation D．enthusiasm
答案与解析：D 依据上文可知，在不能上舞蹈课的情况下，作者还在坚持跳舞，由此可以推断出她对舞蹈饱含热情。energy“精力”；admiration“钦佩，羡慕”；appreciation“感激”；enthusiasm“热情”。
9．A.instructor B．performer
C．partner D．contributor
答案与解析：A 依据下文的“coached myself, taught my sisters”可知，对跳舞的热情帮助作者学习做一个指导者。instructor“教练，导师”；performer“表演者”；partner“伙伴，同伴”；contributor“投稿人；捐献者”。
10．A.spoke about B．backed up
C．made up D．put on
答案与解析：D 依据“my own shows for my family”可知，作者为家人表演节目。put on“上演”。
11．A.attempted B．failed
C．chose D．intended
答案与解析：B 依据第二段的最后两句可知，作者四年间没有上正规的舞蹈课，再联系本句中的“in the four years”可知，fail to do sth.“未做某事”符合语境。attempt“尝试”；choose“选择”；intend“打算，计划”。
12．A.admitted B．addicted
C．adapted D．applied
答案与解析：A 依据下一段内容可知，作者成为校舞蹈队的成员，因此这里指作者被校舞蹈队录取。be admitted to“被……录取”。
13．A.considered B．pushed
C．warned D．expected
答案与解析：B 依据下文的“I managed”“I also struggled”“I was able to become a co-captain of the team and lead them”可知，此处表示在校舞蹈队期间，作者督促自己做该队中最优秀的队员。push sb. to be/do... 表示“督促某人成为……/做……”。consider“认为”；warn“告诫”；expect“期望”。
14．A.examination B．campaign
C．activity D．trial
答案与解析：C 依据语境可知，作者努力参与每一项校舞蹈队的舞蹈活动(activity)。
15．A.injuries B．goals
C．disagreements D．desires
答案与解析：A 依据下文的脚踝受伤、肌腱炎可知，在跳舞过程中作者曾多次受伤(injuries)。
16．A.recovery B．practice
C．suffering D．learning
答案与解析：A 依据上文的“both of my ankles hurt several times, and it took me months of”可推断出，此处指作者脚踝受伤之后花费数月恢复，故选recovery“恢复，康复”。practice“训练”；suffering“痛苦”；learning“学习”。
17．A.cured B．caused
C．defeated D．fought
答案与解析：B 依据上下文可知，第二个舞蹈赛季导致(caused)作者患肌腱炎。
18．A.just B．also
C．yet D．still
答案与解析：D 依据下文的“disturbs me constantly till today”可知，此处应表示这直至今天还困扰着作者，故用still。
19．A.approach B．understand
C．win D．keep
答案与解析：C 即便有这么多伤痛，作者还是成功带领校舞蹈队赢得了校舞蹈队历史上第一个全国冠军头衔。依据句中的“national championship title”可知，此处用win。 win the...title表示“获得……冠军头衔”。
20．A.organization B．history
C．charge D．imagination
答案与解析：B 参见上题解析。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2019·安徽模拟]Each time I take the underground I find myself __1__ (surround) by dozens of passengers playing smartphones. They almost won't even give a glance at the outside world. You may think it is normal to play smartphones __2__ (kill) time. What's worse, when I talk with some of my friends, they talk as playing, which is really an __3__ (annoy)．
I really miss the old days when I __4__ (chat) with some passengers on the train. Now things are different. Everyone just concentrates __5__ their smartphones. When talking with them, __6__ seems that you are disturbing their playing smartphones. I could not just blame them for I am moving to be one like them. Sometimes I just feel we __7__ (large) ignore our neighbors and want to keep in touch with __8__ (distance) strangers through the Internet. We care about the things far away but pay no attention to the needs nearby. __9__ ridiculous the situation is! In a way we __10__ (control) by smartphones now. Are you experiencing the same situation like me? Do you have any ways to avoid that?
体裁：夹叙夹议文 题材：社会生活 主题：避免“手机控”
【语篇解读】 这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，讲述了如今人们“手机控”的现象，作者呼吁人们多关注身边的人，不要被手机控制。
1．答案与解析：surrounded 考查过去分词。本句考查了“find sb.＋宾补”的结构，myself与surround是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用过去分词作宾补。
2．答案与解析：to kill 考查不定式。本句中it是形式主语，真正主语是to play smartphones，此处应用不定式作目的状语。
3．答案与解析：annoyance 考查名词。这真的是一件令人生气的事。句中缺少名词作表语，故用annoy的名词形式，表示“使人烦恼的事，令人生气的事物”。
4．答案与解析：chatted 考查时态。依据句中的the old days可知，此处描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时。注意：chat要双写t再加-ed。
5．答案与解析：on 考查介词。每个人只把注意力放在自己的手机上。concentrate on...“集中(注意力)于……，聚精会神于……”。
6．答案与解析：it 考查代词。本句考查了“it seems that...”句式。
7．答案与解析：largely 考查副词。空处修饰动词ignore，因此用副词，意为“在很大程度上”。
8．答案与解析：distant 考查形容词。由句意和空后的名词可以推断出此处用形容词作定语，distant“遥远的”。
9．答案与解析：How 考查副词。空处修饰形容词ridiculous，该句为How引导的感叹句型：How＋形容词＋主语＋谓语。
10．答案与解析：are controlled 考查时态和语态。在某种程度上，我们现在被手机控制了。we与control是被动关系，再结合后面的now可知，此处应用are controlled。
45分语言知识运用练(三)
语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[2019·河南五校联考]Paul was my neighbor and primary school classmate. He would take wonderful panda face cookies to school every year as his birthday __1__ . I would always follow him when he shared the cookies with the other classmates, just in case someone had been __2__ and as a result he had a(n) __3__ cookie or two. Somehow, one cookie __4__ long enough for me to show it to my mother. She got the __5__ from Paul's mother and bought the special cookie cutter (切割工具) at Morley Brothers, our local hardware shop.
Over the years, my mother and I would __6__ to make these cookies. After I got married, I bought my own cookie cutter and the cookies remained a __7__ for New Year. Later, my mother gave me her cutter. I __8__ both of the panda face cookie cutters __9__ Morley Brothers had closed and we never saw anything even __10__ these panda faces.
One year, the two cutters were waiting to be handwashed and __11__ for another year, after I made the cookies. Well, my oldest daughter decided to help by __12__ the dishwasher.You guessed it... __13__ , the two treasured plastic cutters, came out totally __14__ . I knew that if I could not __15__ them, a long-standing tradition would come to a __16__ .
After several telephone enquiries, I learned a woman named Pat Kimbrel had __17__ the hardware business from her grandmother. I was __18__ ! Immediately, I called and eventually I got four panda face cookie cutters.
Now the family tradition is __19__ in both our and our daughters' houses. So, Pat, thanks to you and your grandmother. You just never know how many lives you affect or for how many years the __20__ will be felt.
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历 主题：做饼干传统
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。做熊猫饼干是作者的家庭传统，对熊猫饼干模具的特殊情怀在作者的母亲、作者及作者的女儿三代人中传承。
1．A.benefit B．wish
C．treat D．game
答案与解析：C 每年保罗生日的时候他总会带精美的熊猫饼干到学校作为他生日的款待(treat)。
2．A.curious B．free
C．absent D．cautious
答案与解析：C 根据文中的“He would take wonderful panda face cookies to school every year”“I would always follow him... classmates, just in case... or two”可知，每年生日那天，保罗都会带着精美的饼干到学校，而作者在保罗给其他同学分饼干时总会跟着他，心想着，万一有人没来上学，保罗就会有额外的一两块儿饼干。absent“缺席，不在”，符合语境。curious“好奇的”；free“自由的”；cautious“谨慎的”。
3．A.delicious B．extra
C．instant D．similar
答案与解析：B 参见上题解析。delicious“美味的”；extra“额外的”；instant“即食的”；similar“相似的”。
4．A.appeared B．expanded
C．sold D．survived
答案与解析：D 根据下文中的“to show it to my mother”可知，有一年，作者总算是把一块儿饼干留下了，并拿给母亲看。survive“幸存”，符合语境。appear“出现”；expand“膨胀”；sell“出售”。
5．A.recipe B．response
C．award D．comment
答案与解析：A 根据下文提及的作者的母亲购买饼干模具及制作饼干的内容可知，此处指作者的母亲向保罗的母亲要了饼干的制作方法。recipe“烹饪法，食谱”，符合语境。response“反应”；award“奖，奖品”；comment“评论”。
6．A.manage B．continue
C．expect D．struggle
答案与解析：B 根据语境可知，许多年来，作者和母亲继续(continue)做着饼干。manage“勉力完成”，expect“期待”；struggle“努力”。
7．A.program B．challenge
C．must D．memory
答案与解析：C 根据语境可知，此处指对作者来说，在新年制作熊猫饼干已经成为必做之事。must“必须做(或看、买等)的事”。
8．A.guarded B．accepted
C．spared D．equipped
答案与解析：A 根据下文中的“Morley Brothers had closed”“the two treasured plastic cutters”可知，作者对两个熊猫饼干模具爱护有加，因为作者当初购买模具的五金店Morley Brothers已停业了，而作者再也没有见过任何与它们形似的模具。guard“保卫，保护”，符合语境。accept“接受”；spare“拨出，留出”；equip“装备”。
9．A.if B．unless
C．though D．because
答案与解析：D 参见上题解析。
10．A.combining B．resembling
C．representing D．suiting
答案与解析：B 此处表示作者再也没有见过任何与它们形似的模具。resemble“看起来像”，符合语境。
11．A.set down B．saved on
C．put away D．brought up
答案与解析：C 根据下文中的“for another year, after I made the cookies”可知，作者做完饼干后，原打算手洗这些模具，然后把它们收起来以便来年再用。put away“将……收起，把……放回原处”，符合语境。set down“记下，登记”；save on“节省，节约”；bring up“提出”。
12．A.loading B．handling
C．covering D．fixing
答案与解析：A 作者的大女儿决定帮忙，把模具放进了洗碗机里。load“装上，装入”，符合语境。load the dishwasher是固定搭配，意为“把碗碟放进洗碗机”。handle“处理”；cover“覆盖”；fix“修理”。
13．A.Obviously B．Surprisingly
C．Hopefully D．Unfortunately
答案与解析：D 根据语境可知，不幸的是，这两个珍贵的塑料模具取出后根本没法儿用了(可能被洗碗机洗得变形了)。obviously“显然，明显地”；surprisingly“惊人地”；hopefully“有希望地”；unfortunately“不幸地”。
14．A.invalid B．unusable
C．invaluable D．unavailable
答案与解析：B 参见上题解析。invalid“无效的”；unusable“不能使用的”；invaluable“极宝贵的”；unavailable“难以获得的”。
15．A.copy B．identify
C．replace D．share
答案与解析：C 作者知道如果她不更换它们的话，长久以来的传统就会中断。replace“更换”，符合语境。copy“复制”；identify“识别”；share“分享”。
16．A.fall B．head
C．deal D．stop
答案与解析：D 参见上题解析。come to a stop“停止，暂停”，符合语境。come to a head“事情达到紧要关头；到达关键点”；come to a deal“达成协议”。
17．A.taken over B．taken up
C．taken down D．taken to
答案与解析：A 作者通过多次电话询问得知，一个叫Pat Kimbrel的女人接管了那家五金店的五金制品生意。take over“接管，接任”，符合语境。take up“开始从事”；take down“记下；取下”；take to“喜欢上……，对……产生好感”。
18．A.shocked B．touched
C．concerned D．excited
答案与解析：D 作者想要更换自己家不能用的饼干模具，既然经过多方打听发现能找到卖家，当然会很激动、很兴奋。excited“激动的，兴奋的”，符合语境。shocked“震惊的”；touched“受感动的”；concerned“担心的”。
19．A.observed B．inspired
C．learnt D．taught
答案与解析：A 此处指现在，这一家庭传统在作者家和作者女儿们家传承。observe“遵守；奉行”，符合语境。
20．A.pleasure B．influence
C．appreciation D．motivation
答案与解析：B 根据上文中的“how many lives you affect”可知，此处与affect相呼应，表示影响会持续许多年。influence“影响”，符合语境。pleasure“快乐”；appreciation“感激”；motivation“动机”。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2019·安徽省三模]Transportation actually came into the picture when man discovered his business skills, and when his desire to take control and rule grew. Some people traveled to learn, __1__ some traveled to fight. Both ways, human beings had to find means of transport on water.
Initially, boats were constructed by __2__ (tie) bamboo poles (竹竿) together. But this was a very basic and small invention when traveling for short distances. Man learned to create much __3__ (big) boats that used manpower or winds as the time passed and the need __4__ (rise). Man is known to have traveled far and wide using such boats and ships. The invention of engines revolutionized this mode as __5__ (huge) as any other mode of transport.
These days, in __6__ form of either the naval forces of a country or the cruise ships (大型游轮), large ships travel the __7__ (long) of oceans. They are unsinkable cities that __8__ (drive) by large engines on the water surface. This is, however, a slow mode of transport these days as __9__ (compare) to many others. But who wants to hurry up when you are inside a comfortable cruise ship which is as good as a complete city __10__ no flaws (缺陷) at all?
体裁：说明文 题材：交通 主题：水上交通工具
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了水上交通工具的出现、发展及现状。
1．答案与解析：while/but 考查并列连词。本空用并列连词while连接两个并列句，表示转折和对比，也可以用but表示转折。
2．答案与解析：tying 考查非谓语动词。本空用所给动词的-ing形式作介词by的宾语，tie“(用线、绳等)系，绑，捆，束”，其-ing形式是tying。
3．答案与解析：bigger 考查形容词的比较级。根据短文的内容及空格所在句的含义及逻辑关系可知，本空应用所给形容词的比较级bigger“更大的”，这里更大的船是与前面的小竹筏作对比的。空前的much用来修饰比较级。
4．答案与解析：rose 考查时态。根据as“随着”可知，主句和从句的动作都发生在过去，主句用了一般过去时，从句也用一般过去时。
5．答案与解析：hugely 考查副词。本空用所给单词的副词形式在句中作状语修饰谓语动词。
6．答案与解析：the 考查冠词。本空填the构成in the form of短语，表示“以……形式”。
7．答案与解析：length(s) 考查名词。run/stretch/walk etc.the (full) length of sth.是固定搭配，表示“横跨/延伸/走过某物的整个长度”。此处为同种用法，表示“横跨海洋”。length作“长度”讲时既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，故此处可填length，也可理解为空后的oceans为复数，故length也可用复数。
8．答案与解析：are driven 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句意和分析句子结构可知，此处that引导定语从句，先行词为主句主语They(指代前一句中的“large ships”)，空处为定语从句的谓语。由于定语从句叙述的是一般情况，定语从句的主语that为复数概念且与drive为被动关系，故填are driven。
9．答案与解析：compared 考查非谓语动词/状语从句的省略。本空用所给动词的过去分词作状语，表示被动和完成。又可理解为as compared to many others是状语从句的省略结构，省略了it is。
10．答案与解析：with 考查介词。当你身处一个像一座没有任何缺陷的完整城市一样的舒适的游轮中时，谁还想匆匆忙忙的呢？with表示“有”，此处with与后面的no一起连用相当于without。
45分语言知识运用练(二)
语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[2019·九江二模]Isabel Frey, a 35-year-old architect from Switzerland, is on her way to the Pottery (陶器) Workshop in Shanghai. She willingly __1__ the training courses of the workshop every Tuesday, spending three or four hours __2__ there.
After five weeks of __3__， she is looking forward to taking home the first bowl she made with her own hands as a __4__ souvenir. “I've enjoyed every minute at the workshop. It enables me to make friends and learn how to make pottery with the directions and __5__ from others，” Frey says. Also, she feels very comfortable in the workshop, which creates a __6__ atmosphere like classroom in which people from different backgrounds gather __7__ to create their works. As a foreigner, Frey has adopted pottery making to __8__ her own ideas and thoughts. “The whole process of making a piece of pottery may look rather __9__ to a beginner, but I still keep on, and __10__ I will leave with a whole case of my works by the end of our stay，” Frey says.
Sharing the same passion, Maggie Guo, a former clothes __11__ and now a housewife is trying to complete her “pottery dream”. “I __12__ to study the pottery when I applied to university many years ago, but I eventually got engaged in clothes design, which became my __13__ .” Guo says. Now, after years in that field, she still __14__ studying the pottery. She attends the workshop to finally realize the __15__ she had put on the shelf for so many years. “I am always surprised and __16__ to see the final works of my own, and that __17__ me to learn the real meaning of being an __18__ .”
They both think more people should __19__ into the world of pottery making to experience the __20__ of creativity with simple materials.
体裁：记叙文 题材：人物故事 主题：体验陶器制作的魅力
【语篇解读】 文章叙述了建筑师伊莎贝尔·弗雷和服装设计师玛吉学习陶器制作的故事，并鼓励更多的人参与其中去体验用简单的材料进行创造的魅力。
1．A.passes B．keeps
C．gives D．attends
答案与解析： D 根据下文中的“It enables me to make friends and learn how to make pottery”可知，弗雷是去学习如何制作陶器，此处表示她乐意去参加培训课。attend意为“参加；出席”，符合语境，故选D项。
2．A.practicing B．showing
C．acting D．playing
答案与解析：A 根据上文语境可知，她是去参加培训课，所以要花费三、四个小时的时间进行练习。practice意为“练习”，符合语境，故选A项。
3．A.activities B．classes
C．findings D．skills
答案与解析：B 根据上文中的“training courses”可知，弗雷上了五周的课后，她期待将自己亲手制作的第一个碗带回家作为纪念品。class意为“课程”，符合语境，与上文中的courses相呼应，故选B项。
4．A.formal B．traditional
C．special D．usual
答案与解析：C 根据设空处前的“the first bowl she made with her own hands”可知，这个碗是她亲手制作的，有特殊的意义，故此处指作为一个特殊的纪念品。special意为“特殊的”，符合语境，故选C项。
5．A.expectations B．comments
C．suggestions D．assessments
答案与解析：C 根据设空处前的“learn how to make pottery”和“directions”可知，此处指其他人的指导和建议。suggestion意为“建议”，符合语境，故选C项。
6．A.funny B．tense
C．dull D．pleasant
答案与解析：D 由设空处前的“feels very comfortable”可知，这儿的环境让弗雷感到舒服，也就是有一个令人愉快的氛围。pleasant意为“令人愉快的”，符合语境，故选D项。
7．A.regularly B．nervously
C．secretly D．perfectly
答案与解析：A 根据上下文语境及常识可知，这些人来参加培训课，学习如何制作陶器，上课应该是“定期地，有规律地”；此外，由第一段中的“every Tuesday”也可知上课是“定期地，有规律地”，regularly符合语境，故选A项。
8．A.follow B．introduce
C．express D．get
答案与解析：C 此处表示弗雷通过制作陶器来表达自己的想法和思想。express意为“表达”，符合语境，故选C项。
9．A.safe B．complex
C．logical D．artificial
答案与解析：B 根据设空处后的“but I still keep on”可知，制作陶器的过程看起来相当复杂，但是弗雷还是坚持了下来。complex意为“复杂的”，符合语境，故选B项。
10．A.naturally B．randomly
C．casually D．hopefully
答案与解析：D 根据第二段第一句中的“she is looking forward to taking home the first bowl”可知，弗雷希望自己能带一整箱自己的作品离开。hopefully意为“很有希望地”，符合语境，故选D项。
11．A.designer B．saleswoman
C．maker D．advertiser
答案与解析：A 根据下文中的“I eventually got engaged in clothes design”可知，玛吉是一名设计师。designer意为“设计师”，符合语境，故选A项。
12．A.refused B．meant
C．pretended D．continued
答案与解析：B 根据设空处后的“but I eventually got engaged in clothes design”可知，此处表示玛吉申请大学时，原打算学习陶艺，但是最终就读了服装设计，这也成了她的职业。mean to do sth.意为“打算做某事”，符合语境，故选B项。
13．A.place B．career
C．trip D．task
答案与解析：B 根据第11空的提示可知，玛吉是服装设计师，所以服装设计是她的职业。career意为“职业；事业”，符合语境，故选B项。
14．A.puts on B．takes on
C．carries on D．feeds on
答案与解析：C 句意为：现在，在从事于服装领域多年后，她仍然在进行陶艺学习。carry on意为“进行；从事”，符合语境，故选C项。
15．A.value B．victory
C．description D．dream
答案与解析：D 根据上文的“I __12__ to study the pottery when I applied to university... but I．.. in clothes design...”可知，学习陶艺是玛吉搁置了好多年的一个梦想。dream意为“梦想”，符合语境，故选D项。
16．A.disappointed B．scared
C．calm D．happy
答案与解析：D 根据设空处后的“to see the final works of my own”及“learn the meaning”可知，看到自己制作的成品时，玛吉应该是惊讶和快乐的。happy意为“快乐的”，符合语境，故选D项。
17．A.admits B．asks
C．allows D．appeals
答案与解析：C 句意为：……并且看到自己的作品让我认识到成为一位艺术家的真正意义。allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”，符合语境，故选C项。
18．A.architect B．artist
C．ambassador D．accountant
答案与解析：B 根据语境及常识可知，制作陶器的是艺术家。artist意为“艺术家”，符合语境，故选B项。
19．A.step B．move
C．break D．turn
答案与解析：A 根据上下文语境可知，弗雷和玛吉都认为更多的人应该走进陶器制作的世界去体会创造的魅力。step into意为“走进；迈入”，符合语境，故选A项。
20．A.magic B．habit
C．principle D．impression
答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，此处指制作陶器能让人体验用简单的材料进行创造的魅力。magic意为“魔力；魅力”，符合语境，故选A项。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2019·江西模拟]A new social robot has been introduced to the public at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore. The robot, __1__ (call) Nadine, was built by a research team at the university.
Nadine has brown hair and human-like skin. She can talk and act like a human and she even has her own personality. The robot can show emotions, like anger and __2__ (sad) and change into different moods, __3__ (depend) on the topics she is talking about.
Nadine is the most advanced and human-like robot so far. She has built-in software that is similar to Apple's Siri, which works on __4__ iPhone. The new social robot has capabilities that have never been implemented in other robots so far. Nadine can not only remember people she __5__ (meet) before, but she can recall things that she said at __6__ (early)conversations as well.
Up to now, robots have been used widely in the manufacturing industry. However, more and more robots are being __7__ (equip) with social functions. This could be important __8__ our population becoming older. Working robots could be the solution to a decreasing workforce. On the other hand, such social robots could care for children or older people. They could play and talk with them or keep them company.
Currently, Nadine __9__ (have) a job as a receptionist at the university, __10__ she answers questions asked by students and other visitors.
体裁：说明文 题材：科技 主题：类人机器人 Nadine
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。类人机器人Nadine是由新加坡南洋理工大学研究团队制作的机器人，她有着棕色的头发和像人一样的皮肤，能表达愤怒、悲伤等情感，有一定的社交能力，能记住曾经遇到的人、曾经说过的话。
1．答案与解析：called 考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，动词call和其逻辑主语The robot之间为动宾关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。该句意为：该机器人名叫Nadine，由这所大学的一个研究团队制造。
2．答案与解析：sadness 考查名词。根据该句中的“anger and”可知，空处与名词“anger”对应，也应当用名词形式。
3．答案与解析：depending 考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，动词depend和其逻辑主语The robot之间为主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式。
4．答案与解析：an/the 考查冠词。该句意为：她装有和苹果的Siri相似的内置软件，该软件在iPhone中运行。iPhone为可数名词，故用an/the＋名词，表类别，无泛指和特指的区别。故可知答案。
5．答案与解析：has met 考查动词的时态。根据语境以及该句中的时间状语“before”可知，该句应用现在完成时。该句意为：Nadine不但能记住以前遇到的人，还能记得她在更早的交谈中讲过的话。
6．答案与解析：earlier 考查形容词的比较级。句意参见上题。根据句意可知，该处指“更早的交谈”，故用形容词的比较级。
7．答案与解析：equipped 考查被动语态。该句意为：然而，越来越多的机器人配备了社交功能。该句主语为robots，和动词equip之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。
8．答案与解析：with 考查with复合结构。分析该句结构可知，该句使用了with的复合结构，with的宾语our population，现在分词短语becoming older作with的宾语补足语。该句意为：随着人口正在老龄化，这会变得很重要。
知识储备：with/without的复合结构常见形式为：with/without＋名词/(宾格)代词＋分词/形容词/介词短语/副词/名词。
9．答案与解析：has 考查主谓一致和时态。该句主语为Nadine，为单数形式，故谓语动词用单数；根据该句中的“Currently”可知，该句陈述的是现在的情况，应用一般现在时，故可知答案。该句意为：最近，Nadine拥有了一份在该大学做接待员的工作，在那里她回答学生和其他参观人员提出的问题。
10．答案与解析：where 考查定语从句。句意参见上题。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the university，在从句中作地点状语，故用where来引导该从句。
45分语言知识运用练(五)
语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[2019·武汉调研]Paul looked out of the window of the classroom and sighed. The driveway was still __1__ and it was getting dark. His dad had said that he would __2__ him up by 5：30, but it was almost seven and Paul hadn't heard a word from him. Paul __3__ to do some of his reading homework. __4__， he couldn't help thinking of his dad. He knew that his dad had a __5__ and a life, but he couldn't __6__ why he was always breaking his __7__.
The next day at school, Paul didn't __8__ his math homework. Paul's teacher noticed his unusually __9__performance and asked him why. Paul didn't want to __10__ him. He knew that if he started talking, a flood of __11__ would pour out. He just wanted to be alone with his __12__， so he sat there __13__， not even looking at the teacher. “Well Paul, you can't have this thing eat you up. The sooner you get it off your __14__， the sooner you can __15__.”
As Paul walked home from school, he __16__ the things the teacher had told him. Paul knew that he hadn't __17__ himself recently. Maybe he stopped doing his work because he was looking for __18__ from his father. He knew his teacher was __19__ and decided to take the teacher's advice. When Paul got home, by a heart-to-heart talk with his dad, he __20__ his feelings and finally understood his dad.
体裁：记叙文 题材：人物故事 主题：情感转变
【语篇解读】 文章主要讲述了一个男孩在等他的父亲接他放学，可是他的父亲一直都没有出现，这导致他心情郁闷，甚至不能上交他的作业，最后他的内心产生了一些改变。
1．A.dusty B．noisy
C．empty D．leafy
答案与解析：C 根据下文中的“His dad had said that he would... him up by 5：30, but it was almost seven and Paul hadn't heard a word from him.”可知，天色已晚，车道仍然是空的，保罗的父亲还没来。empty意为“空的”，符合语境。
2．A.lift B．pick
C．call D．put
答案与解析：B 根据空前的The driveway和下文可知，保罗的父亲之前曾说会在5：30之前开车来接他，但是快到7：00了父亲仍没有来。pick up意为“接载，搭载”，符合语境。
3．A.tried B．seemed
C．preferred D．pretended
答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，保罗努力做一些阅读作业，但是却总忍不住想他的父亲。try意为“努力”，符合语境。
4．A.Undoubtedly B．Honestly
C．Thus D．However
答案与解析：D 设空处前的“do some of his reading homework”和设空处后的“he couldn't help thinking of his dad”为转折关系。however意为“然而；可是”，符合语境。
5．A.job B．problem
C．qualification D．document
答案与解析：A 根据语境及设空处后的and a life可知，保罗知道父亲有自己的工作和生活。job意为“工作”，符合语境。
6．A.believe B．analyze
C．confirm D．understand
答案与解析：D 根据空前的“He knew that his dad had a．.. and a life, but he couldn't”可知，保罗虽然知道父亲有自己的工作和生活，但是他不能理解为什么父亲总是食言。understand意为“理解”，与前半句中的knew相呼应，符合语境。
7．A.records B．barriers
C．promises D．habits
答案与解析：C 根据上文可知，保罗的父亲告诉他会在5：30之前开车来接他，但是快到7：00了他仍没有来，由此可知，父亲食言了。break one's promise意为“食言”，符合语境。
8．A.turn over B．turn in
C．complete D．do
答案与解析：B 根据下文中的“Paul's teacher noticed his unusually... performance and asked him why.”可知，保罗第二天上学没有上交他的数学作业。turn in意为“上交”，符合语境。
9．A.poor B．superior
C．memorable D．strong
答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，保罗并没有上交作业，所以在老师看来，这是不寻常的不好的表现。poor意为“不好的；差的”，符合语境。
10．A.disturb B．interrupt
C．tell D．track
答案与解析：C 根据下文中的“He knew that if he started talking, a flood of... would pour out.”可知，保罗不想告诉老师原因。tell意为“告诉”，符合语境。
11．A.homework B．revision
C．inquiries D．emotions
答案与解析：D 根据上文可知，保罗并不想告诉老师自己表现差的原因，因为他觉得一旦开始谈论，他就将会向老师倾诉许多情绪。emotion意为“情绪；情感”，符合语境。
12．A.study B．pain
C．responsibility D．sympathy
答案与解析：B 根据上文可知，保罗的父亲总是不能遵守他对保罗的承诺，所以他很伤心，此处指保罗只想带着这种痛苦的情绪，一个人待一会儿。pain意为“疼痛；痛苦”，符合语境。
13．A.quietly B．tentatively
C．voluntarily D．unconditionally
答案与解析：A 根据上文中的“Paul didn't want to... He knew that if he started talking, a flood of... He just wanted to be alone with his... so he sat there.”可知，保罗不想回答老师的问题，只想一个人待一会儿，所以他安静地坐在那里。quietly意为“安静地；秘密地；平稳地”，符合语境。
14．A.routine B．plan
C．chest D．curriculum
答案与解析：C 根据上文中的“you can't have this thing eat you up”可知，老师在劝说保罗，此处应指老师建议保罗尽快把心中的烦恼一吐为快，get sth. off one's chest表示“倾吐心中的烦恼”，符合语境。
15．A.heal B．remember
C．continue D．leave
答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，此处指老师建议保罗越快倾吐心中的烦恼，就能越快地治愈(内心的痛苦)。heal意为“治愈”，符合语境。
16．A.gave up B．reflected on
C．heard of D．dreamed about
答案与解析：B 根据文章最后一段中的“He knew his teacher... and decided to take the teacher's advice.”可知，保罗在放学回家的路上仔细思考老师告诉他的事情。reflect on意为“仔细思考”，符合语境。
17．A.persuaded B．encouraged
C．defended D．been
答案与解析：D 根据上文可知，保罗因父亲总是不信守对自己的承诺而感到难过，一直不在状态。not be oneself表示“不在状态”，符合语境。persuade意为“说服，劝说”；encourage意为“鼓励；支持；促进；鼓动”；defend意为“辩护”。
18．A.freedom B．expectation
C．guidance D．attention
答案与解析：D 根据上文可知，保罗没有上交作业，再结合常识可知，他这么做的原因可能是想在他父亲那里寻求关注。attention意为“注意力；关心”，符合语境。freedom意为“自由，自主”；expectation意为“期待；预期；指望”；guidance意为“指导，引导”，故选D项。
19．A.kind B．right
C．objective D．qualified
答案与解析：B 根据设空处后的“and decided to take the teacher's advice”可知，保罗认为老师的建议是对的，决定接受老师的建议。right意为“正确的”，符合语境。kind意为“善良的；友好的”；objective意为“客观的”；qualified意为“有资格的；合格的”，故选B项。
20．A.hid B．strengthened
C．expressed D．abandoned
答案与解析：C 根据上文及空后的feelings可知，保罗向父亲表达了自己的感受，最后理解了父亲。express意为“表达”，符合语境。hide意为“隐藏”；strengthen意为“加强”；abandon意为“放弃”。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2019·贵阳期末监测]As the effects of global warming, rising sea levels and natural disasters become more serious __1__ before, some local communities are taking action. Among them is one community in Florida __2__ local people and government officials are proving successful in protecting __3__ (coast) cities from the dangers of rising sea levels.
The community has studied how much sea levels will rise and has suggested __4__ (way) to address the problem. It has persuaded the state government __5__ (ban) new developments on land near the coastline and recommended building sand dunes (沙丘) along beaches. Kristin Jacobs, one of the group's founders, decided to take action in 2008 after it became __6__ (gradual) clear that her state's 27 water authorities couldn't agree on joint (联合的) action.
While some Florida government officials doubt whether the climate will become hotter or __7__ (cold), the people __8__ (live) in these locations are certain of the need to protect their communities.
At present, coming up with ways to fight against the effects of climate change under a limited budget __9__ (be) a pressing concern. Only time will tell whether these coastal communities will succeed in __10__ end.
体裁：说明文 题材：环境保护 主题：应对海平面上升
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了美国佛罗里达州为应对海平面上升而做出的努力。
1．答案与解析：than 考查介词。由与该句中的“more”呼应可知，此处表示比较的含义，故填介词than。
2．答案与解析：where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词one community in Florida，引导词在从句中作地点状语，故用where来引导该定语从句。
3．答案与解析：coastal 考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词coastal修饰名词cities，作定语。
4．答案与解析：ways 考查名词的单复数。way是可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，应用其复数形式，故填ways。
5．答案与解析：to ban 考查非谓语动词。persuade sb. to do sth.“劝说某人做某事”为固定用法，故用不定式作宾语补足语。
6．答案与解析：gradually 考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故用副词gradually修饰其前的动词became，在句子中作状语。
7．答案与解析：colder 考查形容词比较级。根据语境中的“or”可知，此处与“hotter”呼应，应用形容词比较级，故填colder。
8．答案与解析：living 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子主语the people和动词live构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定语。
9．答案与解析：is 考查时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“At present”可知，此处应用一般现在时；又因为该句的主语为动名词短语coming up with ways，谓语动词应用单数形式，故填is。
10．答案与解析：the 考查冠词。in the end意为“最终”，为固定搭配，故填定冠词the。
45分语言知识运用练(六)
语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[2019·湖北联考]I used to hate running. It seemed too hard, and pushing outside my comfort __1__ was not something I was eager to do.
In fact, I wouldn't have become a(n) __2__ if it weren't for my husband Charles. He had been a __3__， competitive runner for many years. After our marriage, he wouldn't stop talking about how much he __4__ it.
So he picked it up again, and after about a year, I started to join him at the __5__. Just a few weeks later, Charles signed up for a five-kilometer race for both of us. I __6__ about doing it. It was too soon.
But on the race day, there I was.
The gun went off. Thousands of runners __7__.
The first kilometer was tough. I was already breathing __8__ and painfully aware of the group of runners __9__ past me.
After another minute I saw the three-kilometer __10__. All I could think of was that I was __11__.
I rounded a corner, and saw both sides of the street __12__ with people watching the race, all cheering the runners on: I __13__ my legs to keep going.
Then I looked up and saw the clock. The __14__ ticking away gave me an incentive (动力). I knew that if I had __15__ finished this race I would have achieved something. So, I __16__ up, and kicked it.
I had my arms __17__ higher when I passed through the finish line. A volunteer put a(n) __18__ around my neck.
“You did great! I'm so proud of you！” Charles was thrilled that I'd __19__.
“That was amazing! I want to do another race.” I proudly hugged my medal as we started to walk to the post-race festivities. My lungs and my comfort zone both __20__.
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历 主题：坚持就是胜利
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者原本并不喜欢跑步，但是在丈夫的带动下她也开始跑步，并且坚持完成了5公里的跑步比赛。
1．A.block B．line
C．emotion D．zone
答案与解析：D 根据文章最后一句中的“my comfort zone”可知，答案选D项。
2．A.wife B．coach
C．expert D．runner
答案与解析：D 根据下文内容可知，作者一开始不喜欢跑步，在丈夫的带动下，最后变成了一名跑步者(runner)。
3．A.serious B．common
C．casual D．sharp
答案与解析：A 根据空后的“competitive runner for many years”并结合语境可知，作者的丈夫以前是一个认真的、有竞争力的跑步者。serious“认真的”。
4．A.hated B．missed
C．admired D．trained
答案与解析：B 根据下文中的“So he picked it up again”可推知，作者的丈夫和她结婚以后，总是不停地说他有多怀念(missed)跑步。
5．A.race B．department
C．track D．ceremony
答案与解析：C 根据该句可知，当作者的丈夫重新开始跑步时，作者也加入了他，和他一起跑，track“跑道”。
6．A.hesitated B．puzzled
C．cared D．brought
答案与解析：A 根据上文可知，作者以前并不喜欢跑步，当作者的丈夫让她一起报名参加五公里跑步的时候，作者有些犹豫。
7．A.slipped away B．backed off
C．pushed forward D．came over
答案与解析：C 根据语境并结合常识可知，当发令枪一响，数千名跑步者冲了出去。
8．A.mildly B．shallowly
C．gently D．heavily
答案与解析：D 根据空前一句“The first kilometer was tough”可推知，当跑了一公里的时候，作者已经呼吸沉重了。heavily“沉重地”。
9．A.running B．bending
C．reaching D．pacing
答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，由于呼吸困难，作者跑步的速度渐渐地慢了下来，于是有很多人跑着超过了作者。
10．A.symbol B．mark
C．pattern D．campaign
答案与解析：B 根据该句“After another minute I saw the three-kilometer __10__”可知，此处表示作者看见了三公里的标志牌。mark“标记”。
11．A.hopeful B．speechless
C．dying D．moving
答案与解析：C 根据上文可知，作者跑了一公里便呼吸沉重，并结合语境可知，当作者看见了三公里的标志牌时，感觉自己要死了一样。
12．A.stuck B．crowded
C．provided D．directed
答案与解析：B 街道的两边挤满(crowded)了观看赛跑的人，他们都在为选手加油。
13．A.sunk B．bent
C．shook D．willed
答案与解析：D 在听到周围人的鼓舞之后，作者设法用意志力驱使自己的双腿移动。will“设法用意志力驱使”。
14．A.seconds B．titles
C．criteria D．competitors
答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，此处表示作者觉得每一秒走过的时间都在给她加油助力。
15．A.also B．actually
C．just D．unfortunately
答案与解析：B 作者知道如果她的确(actually)完成了比赛，那么她已经完成了一些事。
16．A.dressed B．came
C．stayed D．straightened
答案与解析：D 根据空前一句“I knew that... achieved something”可推知，作者挺直身子，继续坚持完成赛跑。straighten up“挺直身子”。
17．A.kept B．crossed
C．held D．tied
答案与解析：C 当作者冲过终点线的时候，她把自己的手举得更高。hold“使保持(在某位置)”。
18．A.rope B．medal
C．necklace D．award
答案与解析：B 根据下文中的“I proudly hugged my medal”可知，此处表示一个志愿者给作者戴上奖牌。
19．A.got it B．meant it
C．made it D．defeated it
答案与解析：C 根据上文内容可知，作者最终完成了对她来说看似不可能完成的事情，跑完了五公里。make it“获得成功”。
20．A.trembled B．expanded
C．ached D．erupted
答案与解析：B 根据语境可知，此处表示在作者成功跑完了这次五公里之后，她感觉自己的肺和舒适区都得到了扩展。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2019·重庆调研]Hongyadong, located in Cangbai Road, Yuzhong District, __1__ (become) really popular online recently for its combination of sightseeing, relaxation and entertainment.
However, there are other places which are of __2__ (much) Chongqing style than Hongyadong. Jiaotong Teahouse is just one of them.
Jiaotong Teahouse, originally the canteen of a transport company, was rebuilt __3__ the teahouse in later time, so it was __4__ (natural) called Jiaotong Teahouse. Now with the long history of 30 __5__ (year), it has become the most famous time-honored brand teahouse in Chongqing.
The entrance of the teahouse is ordinary and it is not easy for tourists __6__ (find). Through __7__ short corridor (走廊), __8__ you will see are old beams, the grey stone stairs and wood tables. By __9__ (chat) with neighbors or friends, a comfortable atmosphere is often created, making it a real __10__ (reflect) of the folk custom here in Chongqing.
体裁：说明文 题材：文化生活 主题：交通茶馆
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，简要介绍了一间具有重庆风格的茶馆。
1．答案与解析：has become 考查动词的时态。根据语境和该句中的时间状语“recently”可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填has become。
2．答案与解析：more 考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的“than”可知，此处表示比较，应用形容词的比较级，故填more。
3．答案与解析：as 考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示“作为”，故填介词as。
4．答案与解析：naturally 考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故用副词naturally修饰其后的动词“called”，在句子中作状语。
5．答案与解析：years 考查名词的单复数。year是可数名词，并结合空前的“30”可知，此处应用其复数形式，故填years。
6．答案与解析：to find 考查非谓语动词。“It is＋adj.＋for/of sb. to do sth.”是固定句型，故此处应用不定式短语作真正的主语，故填to find。
7．答案与解析：a/the 考查冠词。根据语境可知，corridor是可数名词，此处可表示泛指“一个短走廊”，且short的发音以辅音音素开头，故可用冠词a修饰；由句中的“corridor”是单数形式可知，此处也可特指“那个短走廊”，故也可填the。
8．答案与解析：what 考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，在从句中作动词see的宾语，表示物的概念，故填what。
9．答案与解析：chatting 考查动名词。空前的“By”是介词，介词后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故填chatting。
10．答案与解析：reflection 考查词形转换。根据空前的“a real”和空后的介词“of”可知，空处应用reflect的名词形式，故填reflection。
45分语言知识运用练(四)
语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[2019·安徽模拟]In Germany, it's normal to wear your own clothes at school, since there are no rules about uniform. So why did a few schoolmates and I spend two days __1__ around the school in uniform? In fact, during these two days, a rather __2__ event took place: our MUN (Model United Nations) Conference.
It is a conference __3__ for students from all German schools who want to see how the United Nations really works. They get an opportunity to __4__ a country, maybe one they don't know much about, and __5__ debate with other students from different __6__ on real problems the world is facing now. The aim is to write a __7__ at the end, which will help deal with them.
The __8__ of our conference was “Transcend Borders: Discover Peace”， which __9__ that the students would be looking at what caused __10__ among countries and how to overcome it. “Transcend” is just a longer __11__ for “cross”．
However, the students __12__ breaking down not only physical national boundaries, but also those __13__ different nationalities. Of course, this included how to help others who are forced to flee their homeland, for the people __14__ all students.
Not only was the conference a __15__ of thinking about difficult global problems, but also everyone had to speak in English while using correct debating language too. __16__ job! But of course this was a brilliant __17__ for everyone there, and after a while, you couldn't even __18__ the students weren't speaking in their first language!
I'd really __19__ joining in a conference if you get the chance, and sharing your __20__. It's the best way to meet new people and to think about how to make the world a better place.
体裁：记叙文 题材：学校生活 主题：模拟联合国会议
【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文。作者是一名德国的学生，讲述了自己参加MUN (Model United Nations) Conference (模拟联合国会议)活动的经历，在活动中学生们用辩论的方式探讨世界面临的实际问题。
【高频词回顾】 break down 破坏，消除(尤指某种感情或态度)；砸破 awkward adj.难处理的；令人尴尬的；笨拙的 recommend v．推荐，介绍；劝告
1．A.talking B．wandering
C．thinking D．debating
答案与解析：B 依据句子中的“the school”和下文的参加模拟联合国会议可知，作者和同学们穿着校服穿梭在校园中。wander around...表示“在……漫步”。
2．A.special B．absurd
C．tough D．popular
答案与解析：A 模拟联合国会议是一个特设的活动。special“特设的，有专门作用的”；absurd“荒谬的”；tough“艰难的”；popular“受欢迎的，流行的”。
3．A.provided B．intended
C．celebrated D．known
答案与解析：B 依据下文的“They get an opportunity to __4__ a country... now”可知，这个活动是专门为学生举办，让学生参与的。(be) intended for意为“专门为……设计”。
4．A.visit B．manage
C．represent D．defend
答案与解析：C 因为学生参与的是模拟联合国会议的活动，因此学生们有可能代表一个国家。represent表示“代表”。
5．A.softly B．secretly
C．unexpectedly D．heatedly
答案与解析：D 依据句中的“debate with other students... problems the world is facing now”可知，代表不同国家的学生们就世界正面临的真正问题进行辩论，heatedly“激烈地”符合语境。
6．A.ages B．classes
C．schools D．countries
答案与解析：C 依据上文的“It is a conference __3__ for students from all German schools”可知，参与的学生来自德国各地的学校，所以此处指来自不同学校的学生。
7．A.settlement B．report
C．passage D．summary
答案与解析：A 依据下文的“which will help deal with them”可知，最终的目的是达成一个有助于解决问题的协议。settlement“协议”。
8．A.course B．purpose
C．plan D．theme
答案与解析：D 本句中的“Transcend Borders: Discover Peace”是会议的主题，因此选theme。
9．A.informs B．responds
C．means D．guarantees
答案与解析：C 下文的“the students would be looking at what... overcome that”是解释主题定为“Transcend Borders: Discover Peace”的意义，因此选means，表示“意味着”。
10．A.disagreement B．discussion
C．competition D．complaint
答案与解析：A 学生们研究什么导致了国家之间的分歧(disagreement)以及如何解决它。
11．A.process B．phrase
C．time D．word
答案与解析：D 本句中的cross解释transcend。相对来讲，transcend是一个较长的单词。
12．A.gave up B．focused on
C．brought up D．broke into
答案与解析：B 然而，学生们不仅关注打破国界，而且也关注打破民族之间的界限。focus on“集中(注意力、精力)于”符合语境。give up“放弃”；bring up“抚养；提出”；break into“闯入”。
13．A.beside B．beyond
C．behind D．between
答案与解析：D 依据句中的“different nationalities”可知，这里指在各民族之间存在的界限，因此选between。
14．A.concerned B．attracted
C．changed D．bothered
答案与解析：A 该活动包含如何帮助那些被迫背井离乡的人们，因为所有学生都为这些人担忧。concern“使担忧”。
15．A.possibility B．challenge
C．conversation D．chance
答案与解析：B 依据下文的“thinking about difficult global problems, but also everyone had to speak in English”可知，这里指参加该活动的学生们面临的挑战。
16．A.Interesting B．Discouraging
C．Awkward D．Useful
答案与解析：C 依据上文提到的思考复杂的全球性问题，用英语和正确的辩论用语表达观点可知，这对学生而言是一项难办的任务。awkward意为“难处理的，难对付的”。
17．A.show B．practice
C．result D．example
答案与解析：B 但这也是一次很棒的训练，过了一会儿，你甚至分辨不出学生们不是在用自己的母语说话。practice“训练，练习”。
18．A.check B．guess
C．tell D．hear
答案与解析：C 参见上题解析。check“检查；查明”；guess“猜测”；tell“知道，确切地判断”；hear“听到”。
19．A.recommend B．consider
C．imagine D．avoid
答案与解析：A 依据句中的“if you get the chance”可知，作者推荐(recommend)读者参加这样的活动。
20．A.feelings B．troubles
C．sufferings D．ideas
答案与解析：D 依据上文内容可知，参加这样的活动需要陈述和分享自己的观点，因此选ideas。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2019·洛阳市统考]My mom was a nurse and often took me along to visit the __1__ (family) she was caring for, including one who had a series of strokes (中风) and was bedridden. One afternoon Mom told me that we needed to visit the woman __2__ (give) her medications, and that we would stop at a store __3__ the way. I thought we would stop at a drugstore, but we pulled up to a shopping mall.
My mom __4__ (head) to the perfume (香水) counter and bought the most expensive bottle they offered. She also bought a beautiful nightdress. When I asked her who they were for, she said they were for her patient. She __5__ (far) explained although this woman was old and bedridden, she was still a lady, and __6__ old deserved to be treated with respect and grace. When __7__ (care) for someone, we should look past the disability or the illness and look into the soul of the human, so we can connect them with sympathy. I soon realized that my mom's greatest __8__ (strong) was taking care of those who cannot advocate for __9__ (they) and need trustworthy care providers. That's __10__ I wanted to become a doctor.
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历 主题：体贴的护士妈妈
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。妈妈经常带“我”去看望她的病人。她不仅关心病人的身体，还关心病人的心理健康。在妈妈的影响下，“我”想成为一名医生。
1．答案与解析：families 考查名词的单复数。根据下文中的“including one”并结合语境可知，病人不止一个，涉及不同的家庭，故填families。
2．答案与解析：to give 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式，故填to give。
3．答案与解析：on 考查介词。on the way意为“在路上”，为固定用法，故填on。
4．答案与解析：headed 考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“bought”可知，此处描述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填headed。
5．答案与解析：further 考查副词的比较级。根据语境可知，“我”不明白妈妈为什么这么做，所以妈妈进一步解释给“我”听。故填further。
6．答案与解析：the 考查冠词。“the＋某些形容词”表示一类人，the old表示“老年人”。故填the。
7．答案与解析：caring 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为分词短语作时间状语， care和其逻辑主语we是主谓关系，应用现在分词，故填caring。
8．答案与解析：strength 考查词形转换。根据前面的形容词最高级“greatest”和空后的“was”可知，空处应用名词，故填strength。
9．答案与解析：themselves 考查代词。此处作for的宾语，表示“为他们自己”，故填themselves。
10．答案与解析：why 考查名词性从句。句意：那就是我“想”要成为一名医生的原因。That's why...表示“那就是……的原因”，故填why。
