课件34张PPT。课件48张PPT。课件27张PPT。课件55张PPT。课件13张PPT。课时作业 10
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
If parents bring up a child with the aim of turning the child into a genius (天才), they will cause great damage to him. According to several leading educational experts, this is one of the biggest mistakes that some parents make. Generally, the child will understand very well what the parents expect, and will fall. Unrealistic (不现实的) expectations of the parents can cause great damage to children.
However, if parents are not unrealistic about what they expect their children to do, but are hopeful in a sensible(明智的) way, the child may succeed in doing very well — especially if the parents are very supportive to their children.
Michael Lis is very lucky. He is very fond of music and his parents help him a lot by taking him to concerts and let him attend piano and violin lessons. Although Michael's mother knows very little about music, his father is a good musician. However, he never makes Michael enter music competitions if he is unwilling.
Michael's friend, Winston Chen, however, is not so lucky. Although both his parents are successful musicians, they set too high a standard for Winston. They want their son to be as successful as they are and so they enter him for every piano competition held. They are very unhappy when he does not win. “When I was your age I used to win every competition I enter.” Winston's father tells him. Winston is always afraid that he will disappoint his parents and now he is always quiet and unhappy.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文，父母在抚养孩子的过程中，对孩子期望过高会对孩子的成长和发展造成伤害，并举了两个例子来说明父母的正确做法是什么，对孩子有什么好处；错误做法会对孩子造成什么样的伤害。
1．The main idea of the passage is ________.
A．what differences there are between parents
B．what aim of a child can he easier to reach
C．what parents should make a child a musician
D．how parents should bring up their children
答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。本文主要说的是父母在抚养孩子的过程中，对孩子期望过高，会对孩子的成长和发展造成伤害，并举例说明了父母的正确做法。
2．Michael is lucky because ________.
A．his parents help him in a sensible way
B．his family is rich enough to have a car
C．his father is a successful musician
D．he is free to do anything he likes best
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“but are hopeful in a．.. supportive to their children”可知是好的父母的做法，而第三段接着举例说明了这个好的做法。
3．Winston's parents set so high a standard for him that ________.
A．he has to do his best to do everything
B．he had made greater progress in music
C．he is afraid he may disappoint them
D．he often wants to kill himself someday
答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Winston is always afraid that he will disappoint his parents and now he is always quiet and unhappy.”可知答案。
4．It is one of the parents' worst mistakes if they ________.
A．want their child to be a musician
B．make their child try to achieve too much
C．don't care their child's education much
D．help their child to win music competitions
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“If parents bring up a child... that some parents make.”可知答案。
B
The car can be a killer. In the US, 36,675 people died in traffic accidents in 2014. The year before, 2.3 million people were injured in traffic accidents. And during the past ten years, electronic monitoring (监控) programs have been widely used in order to reduce the number of accidents. It is mainly aimed at drivers who run red lights.
In a study I co-authored with Paul J. Fisher, we examined all police-recorded traffic accidents in three large Texas cities over a 12-year period — hundreds of thousands of accidents. We found they didn't reduce the total number of car accidents as well as the total number of people injured in accidents.
In a red light camera program, a camera is placed in a location where it can take photos or videos of cars as they pass through the intersections (十字路口). City employees then examine the photos. If a car is in the intersection when the light is red, the driver will be fined (罚款). Evidence clearly shows that camera programs really help reduce the number of cars running red lights. In one study in Virginia, red light cameras reduced the number of total drivers running red lights by 67 percent.
However, cameras can have negative effects on traffic safety. Some drivers who intend to continue to cross the intersection when the light is yellow or red will now try to stop. That means that the number of accidents caused by cars not stopping at a red light will likely decrease. But the number of accidents from stopping at a red light is likely to ascend. In order to avoid being fined, some drivers will try to stop, causing a higher risk of other accidents.
The increased number of traffic accidents at intersections in cities is a serious problem. But our study shows that the camera program in Texas was helpless in improving traffic safety. Therefore, electronic monitoring is not the real solution.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文，作者通过自己的研究说明在十字路口装摄像头并不能有效阻止交通事故的发生，因此需要更好的方式来改善交通安全。
5．The author did the study most probably to know whether ________.
A．red light cameras really worked as expected
B．traffic accidents mainly happened at intersections
C．red light cameras helped drivers obey the traffic rules
D．traffic accidents were mainly caused by running red lights
答案与解析：A'推理判断题。根据第二段中的“We found they didn't reduce the total number of car accidents as well as the total number of people injured in accidents.”可知，这个是调查的结果，其中they指的是摄像头，因此可推测作者做这个调查的目的是为了知道装更多的摄像头是否真的像所预期的(对于减少交通事故)那样管用。
6．What does the underlined word “ascend” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Fall. B．Rise.
C．Change. D．Differ.
答案与解析：B'词义猜测题。根据转折词But可知，此句与前一句构成转折关系，再根据本段第一句“However, cameras can have negative effects on traffic safety.”可推测，该词义为“上升”。
7．What can we infer from the author's study?
A．Red lights may have negative effects on traffic safety.
B．Better ways should be found to improve traffic safety.
C．More red light cameras should be used at intersections.
D．Traffic accidents at intersections are difficult to avoid.
答案与解析：B'推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But our study shows that the camera program in Texas was helpless in improving traffic safety. Therefore, electronic monitoring is not the real solution.”可知，作者通过研究发现，安装摄像头并不是有效改善交通安全的措施，所以可推测，为了改善交通安全，还需要找到更好的办法。
8．What might be the best title for the passage?
A．Red light cameras don't really make streets safer.
B．Electronic monitoring is widely used at intersections.
C．The number of traffic accidents remains high in the US.
D．Accidents caused by running red lights shouldn't be ignored.
答案与解析：A'主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，作者主要是通过自己的研究表明，装更多的摄像头并不能有效减少交通事故。
C
An interesting bit of research was done with pigeons. A pigeon was put in a box with two levers (操作杆). One lever would set free corn (谷物) with every five pecks (啄). The other lever needed 100 pecks. Which lever would the pigeon choose to peck at? The lever that set free corn more frequently, of course.
People respond similarly. We prefer to receive more frequent rewards. That is the reason why projects are more effectively completed when broken down into smaller parts. For example, if you have a work project needed to be finished three months later, you are likely to tell yourself that you have plenty of time and end up putting off the work until the last few weeks. Unexpected occasions happen and the project is pushed back even further. The result is a project that is rushed and not done as completely and well as it should have been.
If, however, the project is broken down into three smaller parts and you're required to hand in a part at the end of each of the three months, there won't be a rush at the end to complete it. One part will be done after only a month and you will have the feeling of achievement, which will spur you to begin the second part. At the end of the second month, the project is to complete. This gives you the time to review it and make any change for improvement. You can truly celebrate a project well done.
Celebrating small achievements is important to enjoying what you do. Looking forward to the appearance of corn on a frequent basis keeps you active to do more, What does your corn look like? Maybe you are like me and prefer to give yourself an actual reward after completing a project. If your corn really exists, the important thing is that you get it frequently. Remember, reward yourself for small achievements and you can live your life to the fullest
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文，人们总是喜欢干短期且易见效果的工作，因此将一个长期任务分几段完成能够提高工作效率。
9．What will probably happen if you're allowed to finish a task in a long time?
A．You may expect others to help you.
B．You won't be patient to continue it.
C．It won't be finished as well as expected.
D．It will appear more and more difficult and boring.
答案与解析：C'细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The result is a project that is rushed and not done as completely and well as it should have been.”可知，工期长会导致拖延，最后手忙脚乱的情况下完成的工作达不到预期的效果。
10．What does the underlined word “spur” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?
A．Warn. B．Forbid.
C．Remind. D．Encourage.
答案与解析：D'词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“One part will be done after only a month and you will have the feeling of achievement...”可知，作者说一部分工作完成后，你会产生一种成就感，这种成就感能够“激励”你开始从事下一部分的工作。
11．What does the writer mainly talk about in the last paragraph?
A．The importance of finishing your project on time.
B．The benefit of rewarding yourself frequently.
C．How to keep active in your work.
D．How to set rewards wisely in life.
答案与解析：B'段落大意题。根据最后一段的内容可知，该段主要谈论的是庆祝小成就或经常回报自己的重要性或好处。
Ⅱ.七选五
Giving advice is not one of the easiest tasks. You can be put under a lot of pressure especially if you generally give bad advice. With these tips, you'll be a professor at giving good advice!
__1__ Every situation is unique, so never assume (以为) you know all you need to know about a problem. Listen carefully to the person who wants advice, and learn as much as possible about this situation.
Put yourself in the advisee's shoes. __2__ If you've been in a similar situation, think about what you learned, but don't rely solely on your experiences to give advice — imagine that you are giving yourself advice for the unique circumstances (情况) that the other person is facing.
__3__ If you can have a few hours to think about the problem and possible solutions, take that time to really think about every possible solution. You could even take the opportunity to ask someone who's more knowledgeable for advice.
Think about the results of taking your advice and not taking your advice. If there's no obvious difference between the results, your advice might not be bad, but it's not useful either. __4__.
Be honest. If your advised course of action has possible problems, tell the person about them. __5__ Your goal should not be to blindly lead the person, but rather to help him or her make a good decision, so don't act like a salesman.
A．Listen to the person asking you for advice.
B．Take time to think about the issue if you can.
C．Try to imagine yourself in the other person's situation.
D．Understand that the person may not take your advice.
E．If your advice leads to a worse result, your advice probably is bad.
F．You can never be sure that your advice is really the best for him or her.
G．Be honest about this fact if you don't really feel knowledgeable enough about the problem.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，其实给别人提一些好的意见并不是一件容易的事情，那么怎样能让自己提一些好的意见呢？
1．答案与解析：A'此空设于段首。根据空后“Listen carefully to the person who wants advice, and learn as much as possible about this situation.”可知，要认真听听向你寻求意见的人的话。
2．答案与解析：C'此空设于段中。根据空前的“Put yourself in the advisee's shoes.”可知，试着想象一下你处在别人的位置上是什么样。
3．答案与解析：B'此空设于段首。根据空后的“lf you can have a few hours to think about the problem and possible solutions, take that time to really think about every possible solution.”可知， 如果可能的话花点时间想想这件事情。
4．答案与解析：E'此空设于段尾。根据空前的“If there's no obvious difference between the results, your advice might not be bad, but it's not useful either.”可知，如果你的意见会导致不好的结果，那么这个意见就不好。
5．答案与解析：G'此空设于段中。根据空前“Be honest”．可知，如果你对这种事情了解得不多，请说真话。
课时作业 11
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The plant Professor Li is studying exists (exist) only in Australia.
2．The course is designed to help students to understand the structure of those two systems (system)．
3．Scientists developed several theories (theory) on what else might determine which hand you write with.
4．Because of the violent (violence) wind, many people couldn't go to work.
5．The four-year-old Russian girl has drawn global (globe) attention for her great gift for languages.
6．Unlike (like) the tradition in the West, the family name in China is put first, which is followed by the given name.
7．The air is harmful (harm) to health, so you mustn't enter the room.
8．Over the past ten years, Mr. Green has_multiplied (multiply) his money many times.
9．We were puzzled (puzzle) about the sudden disappearance of our guide at that moment.
10．The government is spending billions (billion) of dollars on new rail projects.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Mars is the second-smallest planet in the Solar System. And like the Earth, the climate of Mars has changed over time. Today, Mars is cold and dry and liquid water is not stable on the surface. However, Mars has valley networks, deltas and lake deposits (沉积物). It means it must have had freely flowing water at some point, probably around 4 billion years ago.
But climate models of the planet's deep past haven't been able to produce warm enough conditions to allow liquid water on the surface. “There are people trying to model Mars' ancient climate using the same kind of models we use here on Earth, and they're having a really hard time doing it. It's difficult to create a warm ancient Mars because the Sun was less brighter then and the whole Solar System was cooler at that time，” said Briony Horgan, an assistant professor of earth, atmosphere and planet sciences at Purdue University. “While a lot of people are using climate models, we're coming at this from a special view — what do the volcanic (火山的) records of Mars tell us？”
Volcanic eruptions (喷发) always happened throughout Mars' early history. When volcanoes erupt under the ice, the mixture of heat and melt water could create flat-topped mountains called “tuyas”， or table mountains. “We now have data that say there had to have been ice on Mars at some point，” said Ackiss, a Ph.D. candidate at Purdue.
If researchers could find evidence for the volcanic activity under ice elsewhere, it would make sure the case for a very cold ancient Mars. But don't fear, space lovers. This doesn't kill the possibility of past life on Mars. “Even if Mars was a cold and icy wasteland, these volcanic eruptions acting with ice could have created a little happy place for life to exist，” Horgan said.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家Briony Horgan根据火山运动预测过去火星的气候。
1．According to Paragraph 1, Mars in our Solar System ________.
A．had water long ago
B．has cold and wet climate
C．has valleys and lakes now
D．is the second largest planet
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It means it must have had freely flowing water at some point, probably around 4 billion years ago.”可知，过去火星上有水。
2．When talking about the research of Mars' ancient climate, Briony Horgan ________.
A．was confused about the change of it
B．suggested studying it in the traditional way
C．was for climate models used on Earth for it
D．considered volcanic records as important evidence
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While a lot of people are using climate models, we're coming at this from a special view...”可知，Briony Horgan认为火山记录是研究过去火星气候很重要的证据。
3．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?
A．There was no ice on Mars in old days.
B．There might be living things on ancient Mars.
C．The volcanic eruptions showed evidence of life.
D．The volcanoes on Mars erupt frequently nowadays.
答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“This doesn't kill the possibility of past life on Mars.”以及“these volcanic eruptions acting with ice could have created a little happy place for life to exist”可知，过去火星上可能会存在生命。
Ⅲ.完形填空
Wildfires continue sweeping across Southern California. Some families are returning home to find their houses are completely __1__ and many things turned to dust and ashes (灰烬). It's __2__， but stories of hope, like the one from this Ventura County couple, are beginning to __3__.
Don and Julie Myers had been evacuated (撤离) from their home, and when they returned, they didn't __4__ to find some things after the big fire. The couple had a safety box. __5__， when they opened it, it seemed that everything was __6__. Still, the firefighters on-site helped them __7__ the safety box carefully just __8__ there was anything that can be saved. Don __9__ to look through the remnants (遗留物), and by doing so, he found his wife's original wedding ring.
Julie has two rings: the original one, which was __10__ in the safety box, and a new one that Don bought for their 25th anniversary. She was __11__ the new ring at the time of the fire. Once they found the original ring, Don got down on one knee and re-proposed (再次求婚) to Julie, proving that in times of __12__， acts of love win the victory.
“It was truly __13__ that he found it. I had thought we had __14__ it because everything else was totally damaged，” Julie says. “My son photographed the proposal. It was very meaningful and I was terribly __15__.”
“The support from the people in the city of Ventura was amazing，” Julie says. She advises those who want to offer help to __16__ shopping cards, because most people have so many things to __17__ after big disasters.
__18__， the wildfires in Southern California have __19__ 230,000 acres of land, including parts of Los Angeles, San Diego, Riverside, Ventura, and Santa Barbara counties. There are several organizations that are looking for __20__ and contributions; you can find more information here.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，一场大火吞噬了南加利福尼亚，Don和Julie也在大火中失去家园，但他们的结婚戒指却在大火中失而复得。大火还见证了人们之间的无私援助和真情。
1．A.destroyed B．removed
C．missed D．decorated
答案与解析：A'根据下文的“many things turned to dust and ashes”可知，大火持续吞噬南加利福尼亚，一些家庭重返家园，发现他们的房子完全被焚毁(destroyed)。
2．A.touching B．heartbreaking
C．disappointing D．surprising
答案与解析：B'大火毁掉了一切，所以可推测，这是令人伤心的(heartbreaking)。
3．A.change B．hide
C．compare D．appear
答案与解析：D'尽管大火无情，充满希望的故事还是有的，结合下文，Don和Julie Myers的爱情故事出现奇迹，故可推出答案。
4．A.expect B．stop
C．remember D．agree
答案与解析：A'根据上文的“many things turned to dust and ashes”可推测，他们并没有期待(expect)能在大火后找到点什么东西。
5．A.Therefore B．However
C．Besides D．Otherwise
答案与解析：B'根据上文的“The couple had a safety box.”可推测，虽然他们有一个保险箱，但(However)当他们打开它，却发现几乎所有的东西都被毁掉了。
6．A.unrecognizable B．complete
C．impossible D．wonderful
答案与解析：A'火势如此之大，箱子里的很多东西都变得无法辨认(unrecognizable)。
7．A.check B．fill
C．close D．empty
答案与解析：A'根据下文的“look through the remnants”可知，在场的消防员帮他们查看(check)保险箱。
8．A.in case B．as if
C．now that D．or else
答案与解析：A'在场的消防员帮他们查看保险箱，以防(in case)还能找到一些可以挽救的东西。
9．A.pretended B．regretted
C．refused D．continued
答案与解析：D'Don继续(continued)在大火烧过的遗留物中寻找。
10．A.stuck B．kept
C．forgotten D．left
答案与解析：B'他们有两个戒指，以前的结婚戒指保存(kept)在保险箱里。
11．A.taking off B．researching
C．breaking up D．wearing
答案与解析：D'在火灾发生时，Julie戴着(wearing)新戒指。
12．A.determination B．disaster
C．congratulation D．depression
答案与解析：B'Don的这个举动证明，在灾难时刻，爱的行动最后会胜过一切。按照语境，他们找到结婚戒指时正处于灾难现场，故可推出答案。
13．A.amazing B．amusing
C．frightening D．annoying
答案与解析：A'能在大火灰烬中找到结婚戒指，这种结局的确让人惊讶(amazing)。
14．A.thrown B．discovered
C．mistaken D．lost
答案与解析：D'Don原以为会失去(lost)那枚结婚戒指，因为一切都被大火烧得面目全非。
15．A.moved B．nervous
C．proud D．upset
答案与解析：A'根据上文的“It was very meaningful and I was terribly”可推测Julie是很感动的(moved)。
16．A.rent B．put up
C．give away D．lend
答案与解析：C'她建议想要提供帮助的人可以给他们捐(give away)一些购物卡。
17．A.select B．replace
C．repair D．design
答案与解析：B'大火过后，大多数家庭的物品需要置换(replace)，因为他们家中财产几乎付之一炬。
18．A.Unfortunately B．Strangely
C．Suddenly D．Eagerly
答案与解析：A'不幸的是(Unfortunately)，南加州的野火烧毁了230,000英亩的土地。
19．A.ignored B．surrounded
C．burned D．buried
答案与解析：C'因为发生的是大火，故应该是烧毁了(burned)230,000英亩的土地。
20．A.volunteers B．leaders
C．competitors D．employees
答案与解析：A'大火过后，一些救援组织需要的应该是志愿者(volunteers)和人们捐赠的物资。
Ⅳ.短文改错
I will never forget what happened last Christmas. That day, I had bad cold. While I was waiting my turn on the doctor's office, an old man and his wife came to the front desk. The husband had trouble breathe. As they were paying, I heard the nurse say polite, “Although you are on medical help, but you still have to give me another $1.50.”“But you have only 50 cents，” the wife said sadly. Hearing this, I walked over and said that I will pay the remaining $1.00. They were such thankful that they gave thank to me. I never thought $1.00 were enough to help anyone, but that day I discovered that $1.00 really could make a difference.
答案：
I will never forget what happened last Christmas. That day, I had bad cold. While I was waiting my turn the doctor's office, an old man and his wife came to the front desk. The husband had trouble . As they were paying, I heard the nurse say ， “Although you are on medical help, you still have to give me another $1.50.”“But have only 50 cents，” the wife said sadly. Hearing this, I walked over and said that I wil pay the remaining $1.00. They were thankful that they gave to me. I never thought $1.00 enough to help anyone, but that day I discovered that $1.00 really could make a difference.
课时作业 12
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job.
2．Do remember to watch out for cars while crossing the street.
3．What makes me puzzled (puzzle) is why he left the country without telling anyone.
4．We live in a global (globe) village, but this doesn't mean that we all behave in the same way.
5．The biologist (biology) thinks that some plants in this area are in danger of extinction.
6．Most children need encouragement in the face of failure so that they can cheer up again.
7．We decided to cut down the tree in front of the window because it blocked out the sunlight.
8．It rained heavily in the south, causing (cause) serious floods in several provinces.
9．Hearing the exciting news, he was too excited to_say (say) a word.
10．The boy often breaks in while his parents are speaking.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Most people have experienced ostracism (孤立) as an observer, whether in school, at work, or among family or friends. Even the people who are not in trouble often couldn't keep calm when it comes to ostracism. And when a group ostracizes someone out of unkind reasons, others usually view it very negatively as unfair. However, outsiders may also judge (评判) ostracism to be acceptable, for example, when the person ostracized has behaved out of place.
A research team from the University of Basel led by the psychologist Dr. Selma Rudert has now researched five studies. These studies are used to examine by what evidence people are influenced in such judgment situations. The number of volunteers in each of the studies ranges from 30 to 527. The result shows that when somebody is visibly different from the others, the person will be ostracized. We consider that this person is ostracized only because of differences.
The researchers showed the volunteers various situations of ostracism. Imagine there were three students in a room. The ideas and suggestions from one of the students were regularly taken no notice by the other two. When the ostracized person was “different” from the other two, for example, outsiders judged the ostracism to be unfair. They were annoyed at the two students. However, when the group members were more similar — such as all from the same country, the outsiders' viewpoints changed. In this case, they thought the ostracized person was negative, and considered the ostracism on him/her was reasonable.
“These studies are important for topics such as ostracism in schools or workplaces，” says Rudert. When people are too heavily influenced by factors on the surface only and don't care actual information, it can quickly lead to misjudgments. “In fact，” says Rudert, “you should always try to understand the whole history behind an ostracism situation before judging.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文，论述了群体内的相似性影响着人们对孤立现象的评判。
1．What do outsiders think of ostracism?
A．It is always unfair.
B．It is unkind to others.
C．It can be accepted at times.
D．It can help people keep calm.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“outsiders may also judge ostracism to be acceptable...”可知，旁观者有时认为孤立是可以接受的。
2．What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A．There are 2,785 volunteers totally in the studies.
B．The ostracized people behave differently from others.
C．These studies examine the evidence of people's differences.
D．People are easily influenced by others when judging somebody.
答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The result shows that when somebody is visibly different from the others, the person will be ostracized. We consider that this person is ostracized only because of differences.”可知，被孤立的人通常行为举止异于他人。
3．The outsiders showed negative opinions on the ostracized person when ________.
A．the person had annoyed them
B．there were more similarities among them
C．their ideas were taken no notice by the person
D．they wanted to have no relationship with the person
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“when the group members were more similar — such as all from the same country, the outsiders' viewpoints changed. In this case, they thought the ostracized person was negative, and considered the ostracism on him/her was reasonable.”可知，当小组成员有相似之处的时候，旁观者不会同情被孤立的人。
4．What's Rudert's suggestion on the ostracism?
A．Giving support to the ostracized people.
B．Paying more attention to the ostracized people.
C．Knowing about the actual situation before judging.
D．Avoiding talking about ostracized people in schools.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“you should always try to understand the whole history behind an ostracism situation before judging.”可知，Rudert建议人们在评判之前先了解情况。
Ⅲ.七选五
Your own backyard may be a fun place to play. You may have trees to climb, and insects to study. __1__， But did you know these things are related to each other through the food chain? Every part of nature belongs to a community where each member uses the lower members to stay alive.
Every part of the world has food chains, including the oceans and the deserts (沙漠). __2__， the whole chain could fall apart. The food chain is most disturbed (扰乱) by people because we build neighborhoods on the land where animals live and we pollute the environment. Both these actions make it difficult for other living things to survive.
Still there is a lot we can do to protect the parts of food chains. Here are some ideas that can help：
__3__. Make your backyard a place that other living things can enjoy. Plant more flowers and trees. And, most of all, try not to disturb the places where other animals live.
Do not pollute the environment. Recycle (回收) any material you can. __4__. Having fewer cars on the road means having better air for all of us to breathe.
Keep learning about and respecting (尊重) plants, animals, and the environment. __5__. You may even pass it on to your own children someday. It's important that as many people as possible protect nature and keep the food chain whole.
A．Share your space
B．If you ever want to see it
C．But if one part is taken away
D．We depend on each other for food and survival
E．Ride your bike or walk to places that you need to go
F．You can then pass this information on to your parents and friends
G．Maybe you hear birds singing or see your pet cat sleeping in the sun
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了保护生态平衡的重要性以及方法。
答案与解析：
1．G 此空设于段中。G项中的“birds singing”和“pet cat sleeping in the sun”与空前的“have trees to climb, and insects to study”相呼应，都是对首段第一句“Your own backyard may be a fun place to play”的解释说明。
2．C 此空设于段中。根据第一段中的“things are related to each other through the food chain”和“Every part of nature belongs to a community...”可知，食物链中的任何一个部分缺失，都会使整个食物链垮掉。C项中的taken away与该空后的fall apart相呼应。
3．A 此空设于段首。空后的“Make your backyard a place that other living things can enjoy. Plant more flowers and trees”和“try not to disturb the places where other animals live”与A项的Share your space相呼应。
4．E 此空设于段中。由本段小标题Do not pollute the environment可知，E项中的“Ride your bike or walk to places”与空前的“Recycle any material”和“Having fewer cars on the road”都是不污染环境的做法。
5．F F项中的“this information”与该空后的it都是指代本段小标题“Keep learning about and respecting plants, animals, and the environment”。
Ⅳ.完形填空
A little girl created the perfect Mother's Day gift. It was a drawing of a __1__ on white paper with the words “For mom: love, love, love” decorated in hearts. She folded (折叠) her letter, __2__ then she lost it.
For most people, that would be the __3__ of this story, but this story has a different result: James Carrell __4__ the letter. He had just __5__ his mother, wishing her a happy Mother's Day. After he got off the phone, Carrell saw the __6__ on the ground outside of a hardware (五金器具) store in Manvel in Texas, United States. “I __7__ it was a note，” said Carrell. “I __8__ it up and saw the flower and hearts. It __9__ moved me.” Carrell thought the letter would __10__ someone's day and maybe he could find the __11__， so he posted it in the Talk of Alvin Facebook group. The message __12__ a lot of people, especially one man.
“I was sitting at my friend's house and saw a man __13__，” said Carrell.
His Facebook comments (评论) included a message from Roberto Alvarado. He wrote, “I can't __14__ you found my baby's letter.” Carrell reached out to Alvarado to __15__ the letter. It took a few days, but the men finally __16__ on Thursday night, one day after Alvatado's daughter Natalie celebrated her seventh birthday.
“__17__ the letter made it home，” said Alvarado. “We are __18__ for what James Carrell did.”
We often forget the power of __19__ things, but for this family from Alvin, Carrell's small act left a(n) __20__ impression (影响)．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，一名男子捡到一位小女孩写给她母亲的节日祝福信，很受感动。于是他在网上发布帖子寻找主人，最后将其物归原主。
1．A.baby B．girl
C．card D．flower
答案与解析：D 根据下文中的“I... it up and saw the flower and hearts”可知，这幅画画的是一朵花(flower)，并且上面有用心形装饰的话语。
2．A.so B．once
C．but D．until
答案与解析：C “She folded her letter”与“then she lost it”之间是转折关系，故填but。
3．A.end B．part
C．scene D．cause
答案与解析：A 根据第一段可知，小女孩丢了自己画的一幅画。通常这样的物品丢了以后，没人会在意。也就是说，对大多数人来说，故事就这样结束(end)了。
4．A.wrote B．found
C．remembered D．answered
答案与解析：B 根据上文中的“she lost it”以及下文中的“I can't... you found my baby's letter”可知，James Carrell捡到了(found)女孩写给她母亲的节日祝福信。
5．A.promised B．invited
C．seen D．called
答案与解析：D 根据下文中的“After he got off the phone”可知，Carrell刚刚给他的母亲打电话(called)。
6．A.paper B．words
C．pen D．tools
答案与解析：A 根据上文可知，Carrell捡到了那位女孩写给母亲的祝福信。结合第一段中的“It was a drawing... on white paper”可知，此处表示，当Carrell挂断电话之后，在一家五金店外面看见了地上的纸(paper)。
7．A.proved B．explained
C．knew D．heard
答案与解析：C 此处表示Carrell知道(knew)那是一封信。
8．A.opened B．put
C．gave D．made
答案与解析：A 根据本句中的“saw the flower and hearts”可知，Carrell打开(opened)那封信。
9．A.hardly B．really
C．lightly D．repeatedly
答案与解析：B 根据信的内容以及Carrell接下来的做法可知，Carrell很(really)受感动。
10．A.start B．continue
C．ruin D．brighten
答案与解析：D 结合语境可推断，此处表示Carrell觉得收信人看到这份礼物一定会很高兴(brighten)。
11．A.owner B．man
C．house D．thing
答案与解析：A 根据本句中的“so he posted it in the Talk of Alvin Facebook group”可知，Carrell觉得他可能会找到信的主人(owner)。
12．A.protected B．helped
C．touched D．changed
答案与解析：C 根据下文中的“His Facebook comments included a message from Roberto Alvarado”可知，Carrell在网上发布了关于这封信的信息，收到了人们的评论。故此表示这条消息感动了(touched)很多人，特别是一位男士。
13．A.leave B．arrive
C．try D．reply
答案与解析：D 根据下文中的“His Facebook comments included a message from Roberto Alvarado”可知，Carrell正在朋友家里坐着，看见有一个男士回复(reply)了消息。
14．A.say B．believe
C．understand D．accept
答案与解析：B He指的是女孩的父亲Alvarado，他感到很惊讶，无法相信(believe)Carrell捡到了女儿的信。
15．A.read B．sign
C．return D．get
答案与解析：C 根据上文可知，Carrell在网上发布消息想找到信的主人。故他联系Alvarado，想归还(return)那封信。
16．A.failed B．met
C．stopped D．agreed
答案与解析：B 根据上文中的“Carrell reached out to Alvarado”以及下文中的“the letter made it home”可推断，Carrell和Alvarado取得联系后，见了面(met)。
17．A.Naturally B．Suddenly
C．Secretly D．Finally
答案与解析：D 根据上文可知，这封信能够物归原主经历了一些过程，故Alvarado说最终(Finally)这封信到家了。
18．A.ready B．thankful
C．famous D．fit
答案与解析：B 根据上文可知，Carrell捡到小女孩的祝福信，并想方设法将其还给她。故女孩一家应该非常感激(thankful)Carrell。
19．A.little B．old
C．special D．boring
答案与解析：A 根据下文中的“small act”可知，此处表示我们经常忽视小(little)事情的力量。
20．A.opposite B．unclear
C．lasting D．general
答案与解析：C 结合全文，根据本句中的forget和but可知，对于Alvarado全家来说，Carrell的微小行动给他们带来深远的(lasting)影响。
