2020届高考英语二轮复习系列之疯狂专练四 形容词和副词单句填空+语法填空（word版含答案）

当括号中所给词是形容词或副词，且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，要根据语境，理解句意，若该词意思不变，逻辑上讲得通，就很可能填该词的比较级(或最高级)；若需要用与该词意义相反的词逻辑才通顺的，就要在该词前加表示否定或相反意义的前缀。注意：要善于分析语境，辨别省略了than的隐性比较级。具体解题技巧如下：
第一步：分析结构，确定所给词在句子中作定语还是状语。
第二步：根据结构、语境或句子意义确定是填比较级还是最高级。
形容词作定语，形容词和副词的比较等级或最高级，词义比较等。
1.【2019·全国卷I改编】It leads to the illusion(错觉) that populations are _____ (high) than they actually are.
2.【2017·全国卷I I】The central London Railway was one of the most ______ (success) of these new lines
3. 【2018·全国卷I】According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years (long) than non-runners.
4. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be ________(sweet)．
5. Sixteen years (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring to cook a meal.
6. People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is ________ (use)
7. The (big) the activity inequality of a country is, the higher its rate of obesity will be.
8. It’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and ______ (meaning) college experience.
9.He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow”________(high)．
10. I was greatly________（astonish）that she had turned down his kind offer.
passage1
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高中生涯
202字
8分钟
We have studied in high school for several months. When I first 1 （go）into the school and saw my new classroom and teachers，I thought I would have a new start. The school life is very busy and 2 （excite）.There are many activities in our school. We all take part in them 3 （active）.I have made many new friends and we often help and learn from each other in study. Our 4 （teacher）have taught us a lot. They not only teach us how to study but also teach us how to be 5 useful person in society. They also tell us 6 is worth doing.
People often say, “There is no rule of learning.” Now I feel it is true. The study now is far 7 (different) than before. I often find there is something difficult 8 (understand) at once. At this time, I must spend a lot of time 9 (study) by myself, or I won't make progress.
Our school is clean and beautiful. There are many trees and flowers around 10 . In order to make our school more and more beautiful, we should try our best.
passage2
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说明文
斗鱼游戏产业
182字
9分钟
Cameras flashed and fans screamed as Liu Mou 1 (step) into the spotlight on a hot summer evening. Liu and his fans were on a waterfront for a carnival celebrating the industry, hosted by one of China's largest game-streaming 2 (company), Douyu. Liu is its 3 (big) celebrity(名人).Here, at the carnival, fans were getting a chance to see him in person.
Twitch, 4 （acquire）by Amazon for nearly $1 billion in 2014, is the dominant game-streaming platform in the US. Yet, its 5 （absent）from China, due to a government's ban, has given China's startups（(新兴公司） 6 chance to fight for the worlds gaming market. Unlike Twitch, 7 has multiple sources of income like subscriptions and ads, Chinese platform operators live mostly 8 virtual（虚拟的）gifts from fans.
China's game-streaming industry is 9 （fierce）competitive. The cash bum on marketing and keeping top performers has caused investors 10 （question）the business model. Douyu's founder is also looking for a second act.
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京剧进校园活动
248字
10分钟
【2020届高三上学期安徽省“皖南八校”第一次联考试题】Last week，an activity called “Beijing opera entering campus” was held in our school.
In the morning, two artists, 1 acting skills were wonderful, came to our school as planned. When 2 (reach) the room, they were given a warm welcome. After a casual chat, the artists 3 (invite) to the hall to give us a detailed introduction to Beijing opera. With great 4 (expect), we listened 5 (attentive) and learned that there are five main roles in Beijing opera, and the facial mask on each of them tells the characteristics of the role. To help us better understand Beijing opera, the artist also showed us several classic 6 (example) of singing and acting.
After the lecture, we couldn't wait to start the following training sessions. One artist showed us how to paint the facial mask on our face，and the other taught us the typical moves step 7 step. Under the 8 (patience) guidance of the artists，we learned the basic skills and developed a strong interest. After several rehearsals, we were ready to stage a scene from "Journey to the West”. On the performing day, with excitement and nervousness，I played Sun Wukong with the lady artist. To our great delight, our performance won the applause of our schoolmates.
Through this activity, I've found Beijing opera appealing 9 learned it must take a long and hard training 10 (become) a good performer. I am expecting to spread Beijing opera to more audiences.
passage4
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青少年的“间隔年”旅行
241字
9分钟
【2019年四川省成都外国语学校高考英语一诊试卷】
For Nigel Portman, a love of travelling began with what's called a "gap year"．In common with many other British teenagers，he chose___1___（take）a year out before settling down to study for his degree． After doing various___2___ （job）to raise some money，he left home to gain some experience of life in different cultures，visiting America and Asia．The more adventurous a young person，the___3___（great）challenge they are likely to set___4___（them） for the gap year，and for some，like Nigel，it can result in a thirst for adventure．
Now that his university course___5___（come）to an end，Nigel is just about to leave on a three-year trip that will take him right around the world．What's more, he plans to make the whole journey___6___（use）only means of transport which are powered by natural energy．In other words，he'll be relying___7___（main）on bicycles and his own legs；and when there's an ocean to cross，he won't be taking a shortcut（捷径）___8___flying aboard﹣he'll be joining the crew of a sailing ship，instead．
As well as doing some mountain climbing along___9___way，Nigel hopes to pass on to the people he meets the environmental message___10___lies behind the whole idea．

【答案】higher
【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据其后than they actually are可知，此处为形容词的比较级，故填higher。
【答案】successful
【解析】考查形容词。空格前是most,其后要跟形容词构成最高级，故填successful。
【答案】longer
【解析】考查副词的比较级。医学报告显示：经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根据than可知用比较级，故填longer。
【答案】sweeter
【解析】用nothing 与an act of kindness and love 相对比，这里是用比较级的否定形式表示最高级。
【答案】earlier
【解析】考查副词的比较级。此处表示“16年前”，故填 earlier“……之前，先前”。
【答案】useless
【解析】考查形容词。作表语要用形容词；又由句意可知，作者是表达“没有什么知识是无用的”，故填useless。
【答案】bigger
【解析】考查形容词的比较级。由“the higher”可知，此处用the+比较级，the+比较级。表示越……越……，故填big的比较级bigger。
【答案】meaningful
【解析】考查形容词。这里与前面的healthy并列，修饰后面的名词college experience，故此处也要用形容词。故填meaningful。
【答案】higher
【解析】此处grow表示become，为系动词，系动词后应用形容词作表语，而high本身就是形容词，无需
词类转换；由语境可知，比拔苗前＂更高了＂，故用high的比较级higher。
【答案】astonished
【解析】考查形容词。句意：她拒绝了他的好意，这使我大为惊讶。因为句子的主语是人，表示人感到吃惊用astonished；表示令人吃惊的用astonishing。故填astonished。
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【答案】
1．went 2．exciting 3．actively 4．teachers 5．a
6．what 7．more different 8．to understand 9．studying 10．it
【解析】
1．考查时态。句意：当我第一次走进学校，看到我的新教室和老师，我想我会有一个新的开始。根据语境，尤其是后文的saw可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填went。
2．考查词形转换。句意：学校生活是非常忙碌和令人兴奋的。此处表示“令人兴奋的”，修饰school life，故用exciting。
3．考查副词。句意：我们都积极参与其中。空处修饰动词应用副词，故填actively。
4．考查名词复数。句意：我们的老师教了我们很多。此处要用复数形式，与谓语动词have taught保持一致。故填teachers。
5．考查冠词。句意：他们不仅教我们如何学习，也教我们如何成为一个有用的人在社会上。此处泛指 “一个有用的人”，应用不定冠词，且useful的发音是以辅音音素开头的，故填a。
6．考查宾语从句。句意：他们也告诉我们什么是值得做的。空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，意为“什么”，故填what。
7．考查形容词的比较级。句意：现在的研究与以前相比有很大的不同。根据后面的than可知，此处用形容词 different的比较级。故填more different。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：我经常发现有些东西很难马上理解。此处difficult后面的动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。故填to understand。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：在这个时候，我必须花很多时间学习自己，否则我不会取得进步。spend some time（in）doing sth.花费时间做某事，为固定用法，故填studying。
10．考查代词。句意：它周围有许多树和花。此处用it代指前面的Our school。故填it。
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【答案】
1．stepped 2．companies 3．biggest 4．acquired 5．absence
6．a 7．which 8．on 9．fiercely 10．to question
【解析】
1.考查一般过去时。由“Cameras flashed and fans screamed ”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填 stepped。
2.考查名词复数。one of “.......之一”后接形容词最高级和名词复数。故填companies。
3.考查形容词最高级。分析句子可知，刘是斗鱼平台最重要的名人，所以应用big的最高级biggest。故填biggest。
4.考查过去分词。分析句子可知，Twitch与acquire在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填acquired。
5.考查名词。its 为形容词性物主代词后接名词。故填absence。
6.考查冠词。chance为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且chance首字母的发音为辅音音素，所以用不定冠词a。故填 a。
7.考查关系代词。分析句子可知，Twitch为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语,所以关系代词为which。故填which。
8.考查固定短语。live on “以......为生”为固定短语。故填 on。
9.考查副词。competitive为形容词应由副词fiercely来修饰。故填fiercely。
10.考查动词。cause sb to do sth “促使某人做某事”为固定短语。故填to question。
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【答案】
1. whose 2.reaching 3.were invited 4.expectation(s) 5.attentively
6. examples 7.by 8.patient 9.and 10.to become
【解析】
1.考查定语从句。句意：早上，两位表演精湛的演员按计划来到我们的学校。分析句子结构可知，该句是定语从句，先行词是two artists。因为acting skills were wonderful和two artists是所属关系，故用whose。
2.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，when引导的从句省略了主语they,并且“they”和“reach”是主动关系，所以reach用现在分词形式，故填reaching。
3.考查时态和语态。根据空格前后的时态，可推知事情发生在过去，故用一般过去时，且the artists和invite是被动关系，故填were invited。
4.考查名词。句意：怀着极大的期待，我们听得很投入。根据with+名词的结构，故填expectation(s)。
5.考查副词。句意见上题解析。用副词修饰动词listen, 故填attentively。
6.考查名词。句意：为了帮我们更好的了解京剧，艺术家同时向我们展示了一些经典的唱法和表演。根据of singing and acting可知，example要用复数形式。故填examples。
7.考查介词。固定短语step by step一步一步，故填by。
8.考查形容词。句意：在艺术家耐心的指导下。用形容词修饰名词guidance，故填patient。
9.考查连词。I've found Beijing opera appealing和learned it must take a long and hard training…是并列关系，故填and。
10.考查动词。I've found Beijing opera appealing 9 learned it must take a long and hard training 10 (become) a good performer.句意：我认识到要成为一名出色的表演者需要坚持刻苦训练。分析句子结构可知it作形式主语，真正的主语是to become a good performer。take sth to do是固定结构，故填to become。
【点拨】当主句和状语从句的主语一致时,从句主语的可以省略,同时从句的谓语动词要变成非谓语动词中的分词.如果从句是主动语态,用现在分词；如果是被动语态,用过去分词。
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