Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors Reading 课件（60张PPT）

(共60张PPT)
高二人教新课标版选修八
Unit 5
Meeting your ancestors
Reading
Do you know about Zhoukou Dian?
Where is it? What is famous for?
It is on the Longgu Mountain, Fangshan
District, Beijing. It is famous for Peking Man,
a complete skull (头盖骨) of an ape-man (猿人)
dating back 600,000 years.
Pre-reading
北京人头盖骨化石
北京猿人复原图
Zhoukoudian Caves
1933年北京市房山县
周口店龙骨山山顶洞出土。
骨针长8.2厘米,孔径
0.31-0.33厘米。这是
中国已发现的时代最早
的骨针之一,其针身保存完好,针孔处破
裂,针尖锐利,表面有刮磨痕迹。针孔是用
尖状器刮挖而成。
骨 针
Archaeologists study early people by examining the objects they used. Look at the pictures in the reading passage and think about what kind of life Peking Man lived? Did they suffer from cold, starvation or disease? Make a tentative guess about what Peking Man may have done and used thousands of years ago. Compare their life with ours today. Then read the passage to see how accurate you were.
What objects are used by the primitive people?
stone, wooden or
brick house
cave
wooden, special
for each room
TV, sport, films, hobbies, education,
job, Internet
family get together
fruit, vegetables,
meat and fish, etc
natural food,
such as nuts
and fruits.
natural and man-made fibres
skins, leaves
natural furniture
made of stone or
wood.
Modern people Peking Man
Place for living
Furniture
Entertain-ment
Food
Clothing
1. The main idea of the text is about the
_____ of our earliest people in the
Zhoukoudian Caves.?
A. life and habits?
B. food and clothing?
C. homes and fishing?
D. farming and hunting
Reading
A
Choose the best answer.
2. Through the conversation, everything
about our earliest people is mentioned
EXCEPT _____ .?
A. homes　　　　B. tools?
C. dress D. entertainment
3. Our earliest people in the Zhoukoudian
Caves kept themselves warm by ____.
A. working B. fighting?
C. making fires D. hunting
D
C
4. Evidence has showed that the earliest
people in the Caves used _____ to make
clothes according to the conversation.?
A. leaves B. tree skins?
C. animal skins D. cotton
5. From the conversation we can infer that
the earliest people in the Caves were
very _____.
A. busy and rich?
B. idle and lazy?
C. clever and hard working?
D. stupid and cruel
C
C
Find the information about needle
and necklace.
clothes
methods
Tools
wore
cut
clean
Object What can be discovered from it?
Needle 1. They repaired or made _______.
2. No _______ of making material has been found.
3. ______ have been found to _____ and ______ animals skins.
Guess: So early people probably ______ animal skins.
appearance
animal bones
cut up
fish bones
caught
seashells
travelled
ate
nearby
traded
Object What can be discovered from it?
necklace 1. They cared about their ____________.
2. Some of the beads were made of
___________.
Guess: So early people killed, _______ and
most probably ate animals
3. Some of the bead were made of __________.
Guess: So early people ________ and probably _____ fish in the _______ lake
4. Some of the beads were made of _________.
Guess: So early people may have ________
to the sea or ________ with people who
had seashells.
1. What animals were their most dangerous
enemies?
Tigers and bears were their most
dangerous enemies.
Answer the questions.
2. How did they make clothes?
Their clothes were made from animal _____.
They used __________stone tools to______ the
animals and _______ their skin. Then smaller
________ were used to clean the fat and meat
from them. They had to ____ an ample amount
of salt inside the skin to make it ____ enough.
finally, they would have cut it and ______the
pieces together with _______ made of animal
bones.
skins
sharpened
scrapers
rub
cut up
remove
soft
sewn
needles
3. What can we learn about the necklace
they wore?
Some of the necklace beads were made of
animal ______ but some were made of ______,
which tell us that all the fields around here
used to be part of a large shallow lake.
Perhaps there was _____ between early people
or they traveled to the seaside on their journeys.
bones
shells
trade
1 Read the passage and answer the
questions.
Comprehending
1. Why have the English students come to the
Zhoukoudian caves?
The students want to find out about how early
people lived. There are no such sites in England
while the Zhoukoudian caves provide an
excellent example of a site where early people
lived.
2. Where did early people live?


3. How did early people keep warm?
Early people lived in caves.
They used fur from animals for
clothes and had fires burning all winter.
4. What did they use for doors?


5. What did they eat?
The archaeologist thinks they may have used animal skins.
They ate animal meat, such as tigers
and bears, and fish from the lake nearby.
They also picked fruit when it was ripe.
2 Write down three ways in which the life
of early people differs from your own. Use
the information from the reading passage
to help you with each category.
Homes:
caves, perhaps with skins to keep out the cold
Tools:
scrapers, axe-heads, bone needles
Dress:
animal skins, sewn together with needles and
thread, necklaces
Topic 1

Topic 2

Topic 3
Read the conversation again and find
out the three topics that the archaeologist
talked about.
Life in the cave
What can we learn from a needle
What can we learn from a necklace
Do you think it is important for us to know
about Zhoukoudian caves? Why?
Zhoukoudian Caves were formally inscribed
(记入) on the “World Heritage List” in
December 1987 at the eleventh session
of UNESCO World Heritage Committee.
The inscription of the Peking Man Site
Summary
on the World Heritage List confirms the
exceptional and universal value of the
cultural site, which requires protection
for the benefit of all humanity. The site
is therefore not only of China, but also of
the world as a whole.
1. You must be aware that it’s here that we’ve
found evidence of some of the earliest people
who lived in this part of the world.
想必你们知道, 正是在这儿我们找到了居住
在世界这个部分最早人类的证据。
1) You must be aware that…主句后接由
强调句和定语从句组成的宾语从句。
must是作为情态动词表示肯定推测,
译作“一定, 肯定”, 只用于肯定推测。
对现在或将来事实推测, 用 “must do”。
You must be hungry after a long walk．
走了很长的路, 你一定很饿。
对正发生或进行的事进行推测, 用“must be doing”。
The light is on. He must be doing his
homework now. 灯亮着, 他一定正在做作业。
对过去的事进行推测, 用“must have done”。
The ground is wet. It must have rained last night.
地是湿的, 昨晚一定下雨了。
此时, 应注意反意疑问句的构成。如果句中有
表示过去的时间状语, 反意疑问句用“didn’t +
主语”; 如果句中无表示过去的时间状语, 反义
疑问句用 “haven’t/hasn’t+主语”。
He must have arrived here last night, didn’t he?
他一定昨晚就来这儿了, 不是吗?
He must have arrived here, hasn’t he?
他一定来这儿了, 不是吗?
2) aware adj．意识到的, 知道的 通常用作表语
We should be aware that a lot of animals
are becoming endangered．
我们必须清楚地认识到许多动物正濒临
灭绝的危险。
be aware of sth. 知道; 意识到
Though most smokers are aware of the dangers
of smoking, they won’t give up.
3) it’s here that we’ve… 是强调句, 其基本句式
是It is (was)+被强调部分+that (who)+句子其他
部分, 此结构强调的成分仅限于主语、宾语和状语。
It was your mother whom I met in the street．
我在街上碰到的是你的母亲。
It was in the street that I met your mother.
我是在街上碰到你母亲的。
It was she who had been wrong. 错的是她。
It is what you do rather than what you say
____ matters. (2005天津高考)
A. That B. what C. which D. this
本题强调主语, 此时应用that来引导。
4) “Who lived in this part of the world”是定语
从句修饰先行词 people。
people在定语从句作主语, 故用关系代词who
来引导定语从句。
A
2. I’m sorry to interrupt you but how could
they live here?
很抱歉打扰你, 我想问问他们是怎么在这里
生活的？
1) 句型“I’m sorry...but...”是口语中委婉的表达,
“but”表示语义上的转折。
--- Are you free this weekend?
--- I’m sorry, but l have lots of work to do．
--- 周末有空吗?
--- 对不起, 我有大量的事要做。
2) interrupt vt. & vi.
打断; 中断
别打扰他, 他还没完成呢。
__________________, for he hasn’t finished yet.
他的学习由于战争而中断。
His studies ___________________________.
打岔; 插嘴
It is rude to interrupt.
“Don’t interrupt,” he said.
Don’t interrupt him
were interrupted by the war
区别: interrupt 和disturb
interrupt v. 打扰, 打断, 阻碍。常有 “使……停止
(中断)”的意思。
His speech was constantly interrupted by applause.
disturb v. 打扰, 妨碍。常指失去了正常的状态
或导致困难产生。
Bad dreams disturbed her sleep.
3. We have found human and animal bones
in those caves higher up the hill as well as
tools and ornaments.
我们在山的比较高的洞穴里发现了动物和
人类的骨头以及工具和装饰品。
as well as 1) conj. as well as 可以用来连接
两个相同的成分, 如：名词、形容词、动
词、 介词, 通常不位于句首。意为“不
但……而且”。
2) prep. 相当于besides, in addition to，意
为“除……之外”, 后面通常接名词或动词。
As well as eating five course meals, they
drank two bottles of wine.
She sings as well as playing the piano.
Helen as well as I is eager to see the
performance.
4. So we think it is reasonable to assume they
lived in these caves, regardless of the cold．
因此我们有理由认为他们不顾寒冷住在这些
洞穴里。
1) regardless of
不管; 不顾
He climbed the building, regardless of the
danger.
不管有多危险, 他还是爬上了大厦。
in spite of
We will persevere regardless of past failures.
尽管以前我们失败过, 但仍要坚持下去。
2) assume vt.
假定; 设想 科学家们设想月球上没有动物。
______________________ that there are
no animals on the moon.
装作 她装出一副吃惊的样子。
She __________________________.
担任, 承担 我来承担责任。
I _________________________.
The scientists assume
assumed a look of surprise
assumed the responsibility
Assume 后多跟名词, 宾语+ to be + n. / adj.
that 从句。
Assuming 放在句首, 表一种猜测。
e.g. Assuming it rains tomorrow, what shall
we do? 假如明天下雨, 我们该做什么呢？
扩展: assumption n.
　　 make an assumption
5. That would have kept them warm, cooked
the food and scared wild animals away as well.
他们用这火取暖、做饭, 还能用火吓跑野兽。
1) would 表示猜测, 译为“想必……”、
“肯定会……”
如果汽车当时翻到悬崖下, 他们早就丧命了。
___________________________ if the car
had gone over the cliff.
They would have been killed
2) keep them warm为keep+宾语+宾语
补足语的结构意为 “使……处于某种状态
(情况)”。用作宾语补足语常见的词有
现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词
以及介词短语。
He kept me waiting for half an hour.
Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.
6. We have been excavating layers of ash
almost six metres thick, which suggests that
they might have kept the fire burning all winter.
我们一直在挖掘一层层的积灰, 几乎有六米厚,
这说明他们可能整个冬季都在烧火。
1) have been excavating 现在完成进行时,
意思是一直在挖, 表示过去发生的动作一直
不间断地进行到现在, 强调动作的继续。
I have been looking for my lost book for three
days, but I still haven’t found it．
我已经找了三天我丢的书, 但仍没找到。
She has been sweeping the street all day.
She is too tired. 她一整天都在扫大街, 她太累了。 We have been waiting for you for two hours.
We don’t want to wait any longer. 我们已经等你两个小时了, 不想再等了。
2) 句中 “ which” 用来引导非限制性定语从句,
先行词为其前的句子。
3) suggest vt. to make evident indirectly; imply
意为“暗示, 意味, 表明”
Her pale face suggests that she was ill.
她苍白的脸色表明她病了。
The handwriting of the letter suggests that
the letter might be from a lady．
从书信的字体上看, 写信人是一位女性。
A silence suggested disapproval.
沉默暗示着反对。
His face suggests he is happy now．
从他脸上能看出他现在很幸福。
His bad manners suggest a lack of family
education．
他的无礼反映了他缺乏家教。
但当suggest作“建议”讲时, 其用法为:
suggest+doing
I suggest her going home at once．
我建议她马上回家。
suggest+(that)… should do…
I suggested (that) she (should) go home at once.
我建议她要马上回家。
---How do you ____ we go to Beijing for
our holidays?
---I think we’d better fly there. It’s much
more comfortable. (2004福建高考)
A. insist B. want
C. suppose D. suggest
D
4) might have done
A: Where was your sister? I didn’t see
her at the party．
B: She might have gone swimming
with some friends．
A: 你姐姐上哪儿去了? 聚会时我没见到她。
B: 她可能和朋友游泳去了。
7. sharpen vt. 使锋利，尖锐；使强烈
The knife needs sharpening.
The tone of his letters has sharpened recently.
sharp adj. 锋利的, 尖锐的; 急转的, 陡峭;
突然的, 急剧
a sharp turn 急转弯
a sharp increase 急剧增加
8. cut up 切碎
工人将木头劈碎。
_____________________________.
早期人类用石器切割动物。
Early man _______________________ animals.
cup down 砍倒; 削减
cut away 切掉; 剪掉; 跑开
cut in 插嘴; 突然插入; 超车
cut off 切断, 断绝
cut through 刺穿; 抄近路通过
The worker cut up the wood
used stone tools to cut up
9. Yes and so well preserved．
……还保存得如此完好。
这是省略的句子, 完整句应是: …and it is so
well preserved (it指necklace)
preserve vt. 1) 保存; 保护; 收藏
e.g. You can preserve meat or fish in salt.
你可以用盐来保存肉或鱼。
2) 保持; 维持
e.g. It is one of the duties of the police to preserve
public order. 警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序。
相关短语:
preserve sb./ sth. 保护某人/保存某物
preserve sth. (for sth.) 保存/保留某物以……
preserve sb. (from sb./ sth.) 保护某人以免……
preservation n.
10. Yes, indeed, as the botanical analyses have
been specifically showing us, all the fields around
here used to be part of a large shallow lake．
确实, 正如植物学分析具体显示给我们的那样,
附近所有的土地都曾是大型浅湖的一部分。
as引导的非限制性定语从句常译作“正如……
那样”。
As the proverb goes, “The enemy in disguise
is just like the wolf in sheep’s clothing.”
正如谚语所说的那样, 伪装的敌人就像是披着
羊皮的狼。
2) analysis n. (pl analysis) 分析
I was very much pleased by your analysis
of the situation. 我非常满意你对形势的分析。
3) part 前无形容词时, 修饰不可数名词，前面
不用冠词；其前有形容词时，修饰可数名词，
要用冠词。
The blues has been part of African American
culture since then and it is still an important
part of American culture．
自从那以后布鲁斯就已经是非美文化的一部分,
而且现在仍是美国文化的重要部分。
try a tentative guess
show sb around
be aware that
regardless of
scare sth/sb away
keep…doing
cut up
care about
on one’s journey (to sp)
尝试, 猜测
领……到处看
意识到……
不管, 不顾
把……吓走
使……一直……
切碎
关心, 在意
在途中
Phrases
继续, 保持, 遵守
继续
不接近; 不接触
隐瞒……; 不告诉
使……不进入; 留在外边
keep up
keep on
keep off
keep back
keep out sth
1. Don’t interrupt him while he is giving a speech.

2. I didn’t see your car, so I assumed that you
had gone out.
3. Higgins kept talking about Eliza, regardless of
her feelings.
Guess the meanings of the new words.
(stop sb. speaking)
(think something is true)
(pay no attention to)
4. You had better sharpen the knife before
cutting the meat with it.
5.We get ample food and clothing by working
hard with our own hands.
6. Primitive men lived in caves.

7. We should preserve our eyesight.
(make sth. sharp)
(more than enough)
(at the early stage)
(protect)
Homework
1. Go over the text.
2. Write a brief introduction to the
Zhoukoudian Caves.
3. Find out the useful words and expressions
in the dialogue.