Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors Grammar 课件（44张PPT）

(共44张PPT)
Unit 5 Grammar
The Present Perfect Tense
现在完成时: 基本用法
现在完成时表结果, 他的动作发生在过去, 但是对现在有影响, 而这种影响却往往是说话人的兴趣所在。现在完成时跨越两个时间, 一个是过去, 另一个是现在。
Lead in
e.g.
我从1975年起就学英语。
I have studied English since 1975.
自12世纪以来, 中国就使用彩色印刷了。
They have done color printing in China since the 12th century.
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
现在完成进行时: 基本用法
1) 强调时间的持续性。如：
电话响了差不多一分钟, 为什么没人接?
The telephone has been ringing for almost a minute. Why doesn’t someone answer it?
2) 表重复。叙述从过去某时到现在或最近已在重复的动作。如：
最近天气变化无常, 我时常感冒。
The weather has been changeable lately; I’ve been having a lot of colds.
3) 有感彩。如：
今天真是一个多事之日。
Too much has been happening today.
现在完成进行时和现在完成时的比较:
A. 未完结性
I’ve cleaned the windows.
我把窗户擦干净了。
I’ve been cleaning the windows.
我擦窗户来着。(可能窗户尚未擦完)
B. 短暂性
现在完成时与现在完成进行时都可以表示延续至今的状态, 但完成进行是常表示短暂性。
A. They have lived in New York.
B. They have been living in New York.
句A具有长期性, 而句B具有短暂性。
C. 刚完结性
与现在完成时相比, 现在完成进行时有时可以表示刚刚完结的动作。有时它是现在事件的直接原因, 或者是得出结论的证据。如:
我的手很脏, 我在给汽车刷漆来着。
My hands are dirty. I’ve been painting
the car.
你的眼睛又红又肿, 你是不是哭来着？
Your eyes are red and puffy. Have you
been crying?
D. 连续性或重复性
现在完成进行时常常用于表示延续至今的连续性或重复性动作。如：
Jim have been phoning Jenny every
night for the several month.
All these days he has been writing
articles to our magazine.
结论: 现在完成进行时主要用于表示
A. 过去开始而且现在仍在进行的动作。
B. 过去开始, 现在刚刚停止的动作。
C. 现在看到其直接结果的动作。
现在完成时主要用于表示已经完成的动作及
其与现在的关系。
In pairs, take turns to read the statement and turn it into a question using the present perfect continuous tense. The words in brackets may help you. (P41)
e.g.
S1: Mrs Smith learned to drive three years ago. (how long)
S2: How long have you been driving, Mrs Smith?
1. Sam has just finished learning to fly an airplane on a six-month course. (how long)
How long have you been learning to fly an airplane, Sam?
2. He swam till he felt very tired. He has just stepped out of the swimming pool. (how long)
How long have you been swimming?
3. Sally and Zhou Xin have been busy all day. (what)
What have you been doing, Sally and Zhou Xin?
4. They have argued with each other for years about the best way to grow potatoes. (what)
What have you been arguing about for years?
5. Jiao Yang uses a particular kind of
washing powder and his clothes have
always been clean and soft. (what)
Jiao Yang, what kind of washing
powder have you been using that makes
your clothes so clean and soft?
XP: What have you been doing?
PR:

XP: Where did you go for your holiday?
PR:

I’ve been out of the country for several months resting between films.
To the Maldives. They are a beautiful set of small islands where one can swim, dive, observe the fish and examine the coral reefs.
Ex.3 (P41)
XP: I see. So what arrangements have you made for your next films?
PR:

XP: What is your next film about?
PR:
I’ve planned one for this spring and another for the autumn.
It’s a love story with Julia Roberts, sailing in a boat and searching for treasure.
XP: That sounds good. When and
where will you film it?
PR:

XP: I’m sure your fans will love that.
Why have you been so private?
PR:
It’ll be filmed in Hawaii and we'll begin in March.
I’m fed up with all the attention. It has also been difficult for my wife.



XP: That is understood. Thank you so
much for your time.
PR: My pleasure.
So now and then we plan a little time away by ourselves. Oh, I’ve got to go now. Sorry!
Consolidation
1. —— Hi, Tracy, you look tired.
—— I’m tired. I ___ in the living room
all day.
A. painted
B. had painted
C. have been painting
D. have painted
2. — There is so much snow these days,
isn’t there?
— Yes, it ____ for a few days.
A. was snowing
B. has been snowing
C. had been snowing
D. snowed
3. Although these scientists ____ on the project for nearly four years, I don’t know how long it will last.
A. have been working
B. had worked
C. were working
D. are working
4. Now that she is out of job, Lucy ____ going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.
A. had considered
B. has been considering
C. considered
D. is going to consider
5. The little boy is dirty from head to foot because he ___ in the mud all morning.
A. has played
B. is playing
C. has been playing
D. was playing
6. I ___ my work by the time the teacher ____ back.
A. was finished.., came
B. shall have finished.., comes
C. had finished.., comes
D. have finished.., will come
7. I ___ to see the film last week because I ___ it twice.
A. didn’t go... had seen
B. don’t go... have seen
C. hadn’t go... had seen
D. didn’t go... have seen
9. I’ll phone you if she ___ this evening. In fact she didn’t tell me if she___.
A. would come.., will come
B. will come.., came
C. comes.., would come
D. come.., came
8. Who do you guess ___ where I ___ just now?
A. lie.., lay B. is lying.., lay
C. lies.., lain D. lied.., laid
10. I ____ into the bus when I ___ a girl call my name.
A. had hardly got..., hear
B. had hardly got..., heard
C. was no sooner setting..., heard
D. did hardly get..., had heard
1. A: — I am sorry I _________ (keep)
you waiting so long.
B: — It is all right. I
________________ (read) the
newspapers.
2. The CCTV ____________________ (broadcast) English programmers ever since 1977.
用现在完成时和完成进行填空:
have kept
have been reading
has been broadcasting
3. You _______ (feel) better when you __________ (take) the medicine.
4. She said we __________ (may keep) the book as long as we _____ (like).
5. Please wake me up if I ___ still _______ (sleep) when you _____ (come).
6. My sister ________________ (learn) English since she ____ (be) a child. She ______ (speak) English fluently now.
will feel
have taken
might keep
liked
am
sleeping
come
has been learning
was
speaks
7. My uncle ________ (come) to see us. He _______ (arrive) here a few days ago. I _________ (start) for Sydney tomorrow morning.
8. He _____ (break) his glasses when he ___________ (play) in a football match.
has come
arrived
will start
broke
was playing
1. Learn useful words and expressions by heart and practice them.
2. Finish Ex. 1 and 2 on pages 40, 79 and 80.
Homework
1. Davidson Black was a Canadian doctor who helped develop the __________ that led to the discovery of the bones in the Zhoukoudian Caves, near Beijing. He was a specialist in the study of bones and found it challenging to search for and _______ bones of
techniques
identify
Learning about Language (P40)
early peoples. As his university was ______ of the significance of his work, they give him ______ free time to do this research. But later they felt his behavior was not __________. When he should have been teaching, he was often away. As a result, they forbade him to travel there anymore . So it was his
aware
ample
reasonable
assistant, Pei Wenzhong, who made the discovery of these ________ bones and _________ stone tools. Somehow he cycled thirty _____ from the site to show them to Dr Black. The scientist ________ that this discovery would change the way people thought about early people in China. He knew that his
primitive
sharpened
miles
assumed
success was almost _______ due to his assistant’s systematic hard work.
entirely
1) Dr Davidson _______________ Mr Pei because of his talent and hard work.
2) Every mother has the right to live with her child, ____________ her social position.
regardless of in spite of
think of think highly/ little of
thought highly of
2. Fill in the blanks, using the phrases containing of below:
regardless of
3. _________ the strong wind, the mother bird flew off to find food.
4. She frequently ________ Sophie, the child she lost during the war.
5. The boss ______________ Sally’s suggestion. As a result, his company lost￡3,000,000 that year.
In spite of
thinks of
thought little of
archaeology reasonable formal
systematic applaud primitive technique
regardless excavation assume
Using Words and Expressions (P79--80)
1. I am learning to be an archaeologist. I know the study of ___________ is very __________. First you have to learn the _________ of removing the earth carefully so that you don't spoil any finds. We were given _______ lessons in a group on the right and wrong way to remove earth. I had
archaeology
systematic
technique
formal
________ that this would be easy but it was more complicated than it looked. Last summer I went on my first __________ . We were digging a Roman house in the middle of a former Roman town.
We discovered some very important ________ tools in this house. They were
assumed
excavation
primitive
like the tools we use today. I suppose it is __________ to say that our tools developed from theirs. We worked every day _________ of the weather. Even when it rained, we sorted and cleaned the finds. When we finished working there a month later, we were _________ for our commitment to find out more about the past.
reasonable
regardless
applauded
1) When I __________ to that special day, I am filled with excitement and wonder.
2) I had to _________ my studies now and then, but in the end I completed my course and gained my degree.
tentative relieve ample interrupt
affection look ahead
2.
look ahead
interrupt
3. There were ______ opportunities for me to meet the pop group because they lived in our apartment block.
4. She felt very ________ as she drove her car for the first time on the road.
5. Mary's ________ for her grandparents is obvious.
ample
tentative
affection
6. Sam felt _______ when the doctors arrived because the accident was such a serious one.
relieved