2020年中考英语冲刺——II卷基础练12（八下 Unit 1)

中考冲刺——II卷基础练12
八下 Unit 1
一、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—10各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。
Nowadays, many people drive their cars to work. There are a lot of cars in the street and the l is very busy. So sometimes 2 is not easy for people to get to work on time. When you are going to be late, you only dream of taking a plane there. Can your dream 3 ?
Yes! You can take a plane only in months!
Four engineers in Germany are 4 in making planes. They are making a new plane, Lilium jet. It doesn't look like a plane 5 an egg. Many people think it looks funny and interesting. The great "egg" can take two people to the sky and 6 three hundred kilometres in one hour. That's really great.
Some people call Lilium jet "a flying car". Why? Firstly, it's not difficult for people to learn to drive it. People can drive it just like driving a car. But it can go 7 and farther than a car. Secondly, Lilium jet is not very big, only a quarter of a plane. So it doesn't need an airport. Only a small place is OK. It can stop 8 . In the future, the "flying car" will come into people's life and 9 our ways of trip.
Lilium jet will come on the market soon. 10 you want to make your trip easy and funny, why not buy one? I'm sure you will have a good time on it.
1. A. traffic B. sky C. train D. road
2. A. this B. that C. These D. it
3. A. come on B. come back C. come true D. come out
4. A. bored B. interested C. disappointed D. tired
5. A. but B. and C. so D. then
6. A. walk B. swim C. fly D. run
7. A. slower B. higher C. earlier D. faster
8. A. where B. nowhere C. everywhere D. somewhere
9. A. change B. find C. lose D. discover
10. A. Unless B. If C. Whether D. Until
二、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
A
阅读下面一篇短文，从1~3各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。
The world uses about a thousand million tons of water a day. Water is a human right and everyone should have their share. Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean, safe water.
Treating waste water is a good way to provide fresh water for us. And it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans. 80％ of waste water around the world is not treated at all, and it is running into oceans. But now we have got the technology to treat and reuse the waste water.
While 75％ of our planet is covered with water, only 2％ is fresh water-that comes from rivers, lakes, ice and snow. The rest, 98% of the water, is in seas and oceans. It is too salty to drink. Then desalination businesses come in. More than 19,000 factories have been built around the world, mostly in coastal countries. They process（加工）more than 92 million tons of water every day. But the technology they use requires a lot of energy.
Scientists are working to create a less costly technology. They want to produce 20 times more clean water and make sure everyone has enough. But for now, the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone.
1. Treating waste water helps the environment by ________.
A. storing waste in ice and snow B. letting waste run into oceans
C. keeping waste out of rivers and oceans D. sending waste to coastal countries
2. What does the underlined word “desalination" in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．远洋运输 B．潮汐发电 C．食盐销售 D．海水淡化
3. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Water should be a human right. B. The water problem is still serious.
C. Our planet is covered with water. D. Everyone has enough clean water.
B
阅读下面一篇短文，从1~3各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。
In the state of Qin（秦国），there was a man called Shang Yang（商鞅）．He was a statesman（政治家）and worked out many reforms（改革）for the state, like paying more attention to farming and giving rewards（报酬）to soldiers who were successful when at war.
But these reforms were not easily carried out（执行）at first. Most people didn't trust Shang Yang. In order to solve this problem, Shang Yang came up with an idea. He put a thin wooden pole at the south gate of the Qin capital. Many people came to see him and the pole.
Then, in front of the crowd, Shang Yang said loudly, "The man who takes this pole to the north gate will get 10 gold pieces. "
It was a simple job and the reward was so large. However, some time passed and no one stepped forward. They all thought Shang Yang was making a joke.
Hearing no answer, Shang Yang stepped forward and said, "The reward now goes to 50 gold pieces."
This reward was unbelievably large. Finally, a man from the crowd came forward. He put the pole on his shoulders and walked to the north gate. True to his word, Shang Yang gave the man 50 gold pieces.
After that, the people of Qin were all talking about what Shang Yang did about the pole. They believed he was a man of his word. So when Shang Yang began carrying out his reforms, the people followed him.
Under these great reforms, Qin grew stronger and stronger. At last, Qin made all the seven states into one empire (帝国).
1. What did Shang Yang do?
A. A statesman. B. A king. C. An emperor. D. A soldier.
2. What does the underlined part "a man of his word" mean?
A. A man who can speak loudly. B. A man who likes to speak a lot.
C. A man who keeps his word. D. A man of few words.
3. After these great reforms, what happened in the history of China?
A. Shang Yang became the first emperor. B. The first empire of China appeared.
C. The south gate fell down. D. The state of Qin became weaker and weaker.
C
读下面有关蜂蜜的文章，然后判断文的问题，正确的写“T", 错误的写“F" 。
Doctors have some advice for people with coughs. They are telling people not to visit a doctor but to drink or eat honey or get some medicine instead. Doctors say that in most cases, honey will work and people do not need antibiotics (抗生素) . The doctors added that most of the time, a cough will get better on its own in two to three weeks, even without medicine. Many of us go to see a doctor at a hospital if we have a cough. Doctors in England say this is usually a waste of time. They say antibiotics do little to make a cough go away.
Doctors say we use antibiotics too much. This can be bad for us. Many viruses (病毒) are becoming resistant（抵抗的）to antibiotics, so medicines are working less. Doctors say this is creating superbugs（超级病菌）．These can be dangerous to our health. Doctors say honey can help to treat a sore throat. A hot drink with honey is a traditional way of treating coughs. People sometimes add lemon to it. Honey may be good for children with coughs. Many children do not like medicine but love the taste of honey. Younger children usually do not like visiting a doctor.
( )1. Eating honey can make people with coughs get better.
( )2. Using too much antibiotics is bad for our health.
( )3. It is necessary to see a doctor when coughing according to doctors in England.
( )4. A hot drink with honey is a new way of treating coughs.
D
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入1~5小题横线上的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It may be difficult to start high school. Thinking about making new friends might make you feel nervous. 1 You are going to school with a group of students of your age. Here are several suggestions for you to follow.
Forget your fear and just talk to someone.
It's easier said than done. But try to take a deep breath and find your voice. Don't be afraid to approach (接近）people. 2 Sit in the middle of the classroom with as many new friends around you as possible.
3
Take part in after-class activities that interest you. Try to make friends in the clubs. If you don't join anything, you will be just going to class and then going home. Being in a club makes you more social.
Stay clean.
No one likes a bad smell that could knock someone over. Shower every day, brush your teeth and wash your hair. 4
Be respectful（尊重的）of people's differences.
5 And everyone believes in different things. It is a good thing to have different friends with different opinions because you can each share your own.
A. Join clubs.
B. Starting a new life might make you excited.
C. But don't worry, because you are not alone.
D. Everyone has his or her own opinion of the world.
E. If you respect others, others will do the same to you.
F. You are supposed to make yourself look clean and tidy, whatever you wear.
G. Introduce yourself and start a conversation about something you have in common.
1._________ 2._________ 3._________ 4._________ 5._________
三、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面材料，并填空。有的答案要填人适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每
个答案不多于3个单词。
Bus Driver and Passengers Save an Old Man
At 9:00 a.m. yesterday, bus No. 26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver 1.________ (see) an old man 2.________ (lie) on the side of the road. A woman next to him was 3.________ (shout) for help.
The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, 4.________ (stop) the bus without thinking twice. He got off and asked the woman what happened. She said that the man had a heart problem and 5.________ (go) to the hospital. Mr. Wang knew he had to act 6.________ (quick). He told the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus. But 7.________his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. Some passengers helped Mr. Wang to move the man onto the bus. Thanks 8.________ Mr. Wang and the passengers, the man 9.________ (save) by the doctors in time. "It's sad that many people don't want to help others because they don't want any trouble," says one passenger. "But the driver didn't think about himself. He only thought about 10.________ (save) a life.”
四、阅读笔记（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
读下面有关攀登者的文章，在每个题目下面做简短的笔记。
Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. This is one of the exciting things about doing dangerous sports. There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents. On April 26, 2003, he found himself in a very dangerous situation when climbing in Utah.
On that day, Aron's arm was caught under a 360-kilo rock that fell on him when he was climbing by himself in the mountains. Because he could not free his arm, he stayed there for five days and hoped that someone would find him. But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. He was not ready to die that day. So he used his knife to cut off his right arm. Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood. After that, he climbed down the mountain to find help.
After losing his arm, he wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place. This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of. In this book, Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions, and of being in control of one's life. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.
Do we have the same spirit as Aron? Let's think about it before we find ourselves "between a rock and a hard place", and before we have to make a decision that could mean life or death.
1. The general introduction of the passage is _____________________________________________.
2. The weight of the rock that caught Aron's arm is ___________________________________________.
3. The name of Aron's book is ________________________________________________.
4. The importance that Aron tells of in his book is _______________________________________．
5. "Between a rock and a hard place" means ____________________________________．
五、完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每个空格填一个单词。
1．本怎么了？ What's the ___________ ___________ Ben?
2．他应当测量体温。 He should take ___________ ___________.
3．拥有健康的生活方式很重要。 It's ___________ to have a healthy ___________．
4．他发现自己处于非常危险的情况。
He found himself ___________ a very dangerous ___________．
5．作为一名登山者，Aron习惯于冒险。
___________ a mountain climber, Aron is used to ___________ risks.
六、写作（共2题，满分25分）
第一节 大意总结（共1题, 10分）
读下面关于助人的文章，请根据问题提示，尽可能用自己的话写出大意总结。词数不少于60，不多
于80词。注意：在文章后标清你写的字数。
At 9:00 a.m. yesterday, bus No. 26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. A woman next to him was shouting for help.
The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking twice. He got off and asked the woman what happened. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital. Mr. Wang knew he had to act quickly. He told the passengers that he must take the man to the hospital. He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus.
But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. Some passengers helped Mr. Wang to move the man onto the bus.
Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the doctors saved the man in time. "It's sad that many people don't want to help others because they don't want any trouble," says one passenger. “But the driver didn't think about himself. He only thought about saving a life.”
1. Who saved the old man?
2. How did Wang Ping save the old man?
3. What was wrong with the old man?
4. What happened at last?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
笫二节 书面表达（共1题，满分15分）
Healthy living habits is important for us. What do you think are healthy living habits? Please write a passage to show your opinions and advice. (about 80 words)
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参考答案：
一、1-5ADCBA 6-10CDCAB
二、
A 1．C 2．D 3．B
B 1．A 2．C 3．B
C 1. T 2．T 3．F 4．F
D 1．C 2．G 3．A 4．F 5．D
三、1. saw 2. lying 3. shouting 4. stopped 5. should go
6. quickly 7. to 8. to 9. was saved 10. saving
四、1. that a climber lost his arm and is still climbing/the importance of making good decisions
2. 360 kilos
3. Between a Rock and a Hard Place
4. making good decisions, and being in control of one's life
5. being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of
五、1. matter, with 2. his; temperature 3. important; lifestyle 4. in; situation 5. As; taking
六、第一节
A bus driver named Wang Ping saved an old man while he was working. To begin with, Wang Ping found an old man lying on the side of the road. Then, he stopped the bus and found the man was badly ill. After telling the passengers, he quickly moved the old man onto the bus with the help of some passengers. At last, they sent the man to the hospital in time and the man was saved by the doctor. What a great man Wang Ping was!
第二节 One possible version:
Good living habits are important to our lives, which ensure us a healthy body and a good mood. Having a good rest is the basic, so that we can have enough energy in the whole day. Otherwise, we can do nothing if we were sleepy. Therefore, remember to sleep and get up early. Besides, eating healthily also plays an important role.
There is an old saying goes, "a close mouth catches no flies." That is telling us to pay attention to our eating. Finally, doing exercises is essential. It brings us health as well as relaxation and pleasure. Many stress and negative emotions can be drained away by doing exercises. In short, healthy living habits bring many benefits, although sometimes you even do not realize.