第三部分 中考题型攻略
题型一 完形填空
话题1 教育引导(5年4考)
Passage 1(2019湖州改编)
My neighbor is a doctor. He and his wife are some of the 1 people I have ever met. A few years ago, we started this kind of “favor war” where one of us would do something kind for the other, such as 2 the driveway or building a shed(棚), and next time the other would try to top it with another favor.
Yesterday morning there was about 2 or 3 feet of snow on the ground and I 3 he shoveled (铲) my driveway for me when I was out on a business trip last winter. So I took out my shovel and took care of both our sidewalks and driveways because it was my turn 4 do a favor back. It took a while but I finished it and got into my car for work.
That night I got a 5 on my door, it was my neighbor. He immediately shook my hand and thanked me for shoveling his driveway and sidewalk, so that he was able to get to work earlier and 6 a boy.
“As soon as I started the car early this morning, a(n) 7 came through that a young boy in our neighborhood was seriously ill. 8 ， my partner and I were only about 2 minutes away, but the closest ambulance(救护车)10 minutes，” added he. “A young boy got to live his life 9 you did me the favor earlier this morning.”
No favor is too small. Even the smallest favor can make the biggest 10 . One favor will always be followed by another.
1. A. nicest B. busiest C. richest D. happiest
2. A. looking for B. going down C. cleaning up D. walking across
3. A. saw B. thought C. expected D. remembered
4. A. in B. to C. for D. at
5. A. note B. kick C. gift D. knock
6. A. opened B. saved C. supported D. encouraged
7. A. call B. card C. letter D. invitation
8. A. Finally B. Actually C. Luckily D. Suddenly
9. A. when B. unless C. because D. though
10. A. choice B. progress C. decision D. difference
Passage 2(2019邵阳改编)
One day a young lady was driving along with her father. They met a strong __1__， and the young lady __2__ her father, “What should I do？” Her father said, “Keep driving.”
But later, many cars began to pull over(向路边停靠) __3__ the storm was getting worse and worse. “What should I do？” the young lady asked her father again. “Keep driving，” her father replied __4__ the same answer.
After driving a few miles, she __5__ that more cars were also pulling over. She told her father, “I must pull over. I can hardly see ahead. It is __6__， and everyone is pulling over！”Her father told her, “Don't give up. Just keep driving.”
After a couple of miles she was again on __7__ land, and the sun came out. Her father said, “Now you can pull over and get out.” She asked, “Why now？” Her father said, “Look back at all the __8__ that gave up. They are __9__ in the storm. Because you didn't give up, your storm is now over.”
When you __10__ hard times, keep going and soon your storm will be over and the sun will shine upon your face again.
1. A. storm B. wind C. rain D. snow
2. A. closed B. asked C. ordered D. watched
3. A. until B. whether C. because D. though
4. A. by B. in C. with D. for
5. A. noticed B. believed C. wondered D. achieved
6. A. perfect B. terrible C. wonderful D. believable
7. A. dry B. wet C. dirty D. clean
8. A. teachers B. animals C. people D. roads
9. A. also B. still C. ever D. never
10. A. go by B. go out C. go through D. go on
Passage 3(素材选自One Story A Day Book 2)
生活就像游泳池
When your old sister is both a great player and a great student, it's just natural that people will notice her achievements, and not notice what her little brother is doing.
Becky was the best swimmer __1__ our province. One time, as a kid, I got water up my nose and never __2__ to get in the water again. And since Becky was such a __3__ swimmer, I was just in her shadow(阴影) again. Swimming was not for me.
One day, I fell off my skateboard and __4__ my leg so badly that the doctors said I could never really skateboard again. They said there was only one __5__ that would be good for me—swimming.
Well, I gave it a try. Every week, I got a little better __6__ hated swimming a little less. I worked at it so much that one day my high school swimming coach asked me to __7__ the school team. You can imagine how that made me feel considering my sister Becky had __8__ been the swimming star in our family.
Much to everyone's __9__， I ended up winning a bronze medal in the city finals. Becky? She doesn't swim much anymore. But me? I do. It's a big part of my life now.
Life is a swimming pool. __10__ and start swimming! You might be surprised where you end up.
1. A. on B. in C. to D. for
2. A. wanted B. decided C. asked D. began
3. A. small B. great C. common D. similar
4. A. owned B. bought C. repaired D. broke
5. A. exercise B. hobby C. moment D. activity
6. A. or B. and C. so D. but
7. A. play B. join C. study D. look
8. A. always B. never C. seldom D. sometimes
9. A. pride B. surprise C. worry D. sadness
10. A. Jump in B. Come in C. Come over D. Get off
Passage 4(2019河北定心卷)
A boy was going to spend a weekend at his grandfather's home. His grandfather lived in a village on the other side of the mountain, so they had to take a __1__．
As they were waiting to buy their tickets, the grandfather found that he lost his wallet. Then he didn't have any __2__. It was snowing outside, so he asked the ticket seller if she could buy the __3__ for them. After a short discussion, they reached an agreement. The grandfather promised he would pay her back later that night. __4__， the ticket seller said OK. The tickets were paid and they got on the train to their home.
An hour later, they __5__ the village. They walked about half an hour in the snowy weather and finally got home. Both of them were hungry and __6__. But the grandfather went to his drawer(抽屉) and got some money quickly. “Let's go，” said the grandfather. “But Grandpa, I'm tired and sleepy. I want to go to bed. And we will go back to the train station __7__ two days. Why don't you just __8__ her back then？” said the boy.
Putting on a dry coat and giving the boy another one, the eighty-year-old grandfather said, “We must get there tonight __9__ the ticket seller goes home. Because we __10__ to return the money back tonight. This is not about money. This is about honor(信誉). We must always keep our promises！”
1. A. train B. plane C. bus D. bike
2. A. advice B. money C. chance D. trouble
3. A. baskets B. computers C. tickets D. passages
4. A. Luckily B. Carefully C. Clearly D. Recently
5. A. took away B. gave away C. looked at D. arrived at
6. A. excited B. tired C. happy D. quiet
7. A. in B. at C. with D. for
8. A. put B. pay C. open D. offer
9. A. when B. until C. before D. if
10. A. promised B. invented C. accepted D. served
Passage 5
I used to be quiet and interested in nothing in my life. But what happened one day __1__ my mind.
That day Mom and I drove to the supermarket. When my mother stopped at a red light, a man dressed __2__ caught my eye. He seemed to be homeless. That didn't interest me, because I had seen __3__ like him before. Those people usually looked unhappy and hopeless. But this man was different __4__ some way. He had a __5__ in his hand and was dancing happily to the music. The radio seemed to be the most valuable thing he had.
“Mom, __6__ the man is homeless, he has a radio. Why？” I asked.
“He __7__ it，” she replied.
“But why doesn't he use the money to buy food or clothes? He __8__ something that he didn't need.”
“Well, Sarah, sometimes food and clothes aren't the most important. That man must care so much about __9__ that he bought a radio instead of food or clothes.”
Since then I learned how __10__ it is to have a passion(激情) in life. We all need a passion which gives people the happiness they need to keep going.
1. A. spoke B. changed C. read D. shocked
2. A. poorly B. richly C. happily D. cleanly
3. A. none B. few C. all D. many
4. A. at B. in C. on D. for
5. A. hat B. phone C. radio D. scarf
6. A. though B. because C. until D. unless
7. A. shut off B. fixed up C. paid for D. turned down
8. A. borrowed B. lent C. repaired D. bought
9. A. clothes B. music C. food D. money
10. A. wonderful B. important C. dangerous D. difficult
话题2 介绍类(2018年考查)
Passage 6(2019重庆B卷改编)
Isn't spring a beautiful season? Flowers of all colors and shapes can be __1__ everywhere. They make our world look and smell better. So, it is no __2__ that people love flowers! Well...except for one—dandelions(蒲公英)!
In order to have a __3__ garden, we try our best to kill all dandelions or dig them out—only to see these unwanted plants grow right back. But that's not bad because we have good __4__ to leave them alone.
In fact, a 2014 study lists dandelions as one of the top 41 healthiest foods. Dandelions are full of vitamins(维生素)K, A, E, __5__ C. They have long been used as medicine.
Another great thing about dandelions is that you can __6__ every part of them, either cooked or uncooked. You can also put the flowers or roots(根)in __7__ water to make dandelion tea. Great! Nothing goes to waste!
Besides, dandelions are fun for kids! Pick the white top, close your eyes, make a wish and blow! If you blow all of it off in one breath, your wish will __8__！ This game is played all over the world.
Still unwanted plants? Of course not! Dandelions are good for human health as well as our kitchen. They also provide kids __9__ free toys! So next time when you are blowing them, blow __10__ —you're helping this great plant grow in the wild, even if your own wish does not come true!
0 —you’re helping this great plant grow in the wild, even if your own wish does not come true!
1. A. seen B. read C. watched D. looked
2. A. question B. surprise C. problem D. reason
3. A. untidy B. tidy C. interesting D. boring
4. A. reasons B. needs C. interests D. excuses
5. A. but B. or C. and D. so
6. A. keep B. eat C. boil D. grow
7. A. cold B. warm C. cool D. hot
8. A. set off B. give away C. come true D. fall apart
9. A. for B. to C. with D. in
10. A. harder B. faster C. higher D. deeper
Passage 7
We normally use social media to see posts from our friends, our favorite celebrities(名人), and our beloved brands. But __1__， a US photo-sharing platform(平台) Instagram has become the go-to place to get help. This platform __2__ many fields of life.
Many teenagers find Instagram is a convenient and comforting platform to get advice, as they're already used to __3__ the trusted site or app daily.
Compared with other social media platforms, Instagram is particularly interactive(有互动性的). Teens can see that there are more than two million posts and comments about acne (粉刺), for example, they know they're not alone in their skin __4__. Teens may be unwilling to ask for advice from parents or older adults, so going on Instagram is a(n) __5__ way to ask for advice from people of their own age.
However, this dependence on Instagram also __6__ a bad side of the influence of social media. As more and more young people are being given __7__ at earlier ages, they're paying more attention to games and the Internet than the development of communication skills. This creates problems for relationships __8__ young people and their parents.
And the credibility (可信度) of online __9__ is also a problem. It may __10__ benefits in some cases, but most of the time, online advice doesn't come from the man with professional skills.
Indeed, when it comes to advice, sometimes the best choice is to ignore others' and simply follow our own.
1. A. recently B. badly C. slowly D. happily
2. A. copies B. covers C. means D. saves
3. A. looking for B. looking through C. looking like D. looking at
4. A. answers B. questions C. lessons D. problems
5. A. easy B. difficult C. interesting D. different
6. A. finds B. meets C. shows D. wants
7. A. phones B. bags C. cameras D. cars
8. A. among B. between C. besides D. through
9. A. advice B. plan C. opinion D. knowledge
10. A. bring B. lose C. share D. return
Passage 8
共和国勋章获得者屠呦呦
Chinese famous scientist Tu Youyou is the winner of the 2015 Nobel Prize for the discovery of artemisinin(青蒿素), a group of drugs used to fight against and treat malaria(疟疾；瘴气). __1__ she has been nominated(提名) for China's Medal of the Republic. A selection of candidates(候选人) for the national medal and honorary title will be held for the first time in __2__ of the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China.
Tu, born in 1930, has been determined to __3__ medical research since she was young. She worked hard day and night with an aim to __4__ a cure for malaria and saved millions of lives. She is also the first Chinese woman to __5__ the Nobel Prize.
The Medal of the Republic is the country's highest honor for great and __6__ figures. They are praised because of their great contributions to the construction and the __7__ of the PRC.
Together with Tu, seven other role models, including Yuan Longping, Chinese agricultural expert who is also called __8__ the “Father of Hybrid Rice”， are nominated for the Medal of the Republic as well.
The national medal is usually awarded once every five years on major occasions of the PRC anniversary __9__ so do the national honorary title. This year marks the first time that both the national medal and honorary title are given to such a __10__ number of people. And a grand award ceremony was held on 29thSeptember this year.
1. A. Nearly B. Firstly C. Hardly D. Recently
2. A. case B. honor C. need D. front
3. A. work on B. look for C. put off D. give up
4. A. buy B. hide C. find D. take
5. A. control B. study C. win D. lose
6. A. excellent B. interested C. moved D. bored
7. A. attention B. invitation C. pollution D. development
8. A. for B. as C. to D. by
9. A. and B. but C. or D. for
10. A. small B. large C. total D. real
参考答案
题型一 完形填空
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与邻居互相帮助的故事。故事告诉我们：即便是最小的善意也会产生大的影响，善意会感染别人。
1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. C 10. D
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位女士和她的父亲在开车途中遇到了暴风雨，女儿在途中几次想停车，可是父亲坚持让她继续前行，最后终于开车离开了暴风雨区，这件事告诉我们当你经历困难的时候，坚持下去，很快你的风暴就会过去，阳光会再次照在你的脸上。
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. C
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。通过讲述两姐弟的经历，告诉我们：生活就像游泳池，跳进去，开始游泳！你可能会对你的结局感到惊讶。
1. B 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. A
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个小男孩和祖父坐火车前钱包丢了，祖父向售票员寻求帮助并承诺当晚还钱，最后祖父冒着严寒兑现了自己的承诺。故事告诉我们：做人要守信用。
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. A
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者看见一个无家可归的人随着收音机里的音乐欢快地跳舞，虽然那个人贫穷，但他热爱生活，对生活充满了激情。
1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. B
Passage 6
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章重点介绍了蒲公英对于人们的一些好处，同时告诉我们要正确认识蒲公英。
1. A 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. C 10. A
Passage 7
【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。作者讲述了美国一种新的网络平台Instagram，给千禧一代带来了很多好处。但是一些年轻人在平台上得到的建议，往往不是来自专业人士，人们要慎重采纳这些建议，最好的选择就是忽略别人的想法，遵循自己的想法。
1. A 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. A
Passage 8
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了屠呦呦和其他几位模范人物一起，被授予共和国勋章。
1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. B
课件35张PPT。题型一 完形填空 目
录考情概览 分析河北近5年中考真题可知，完形填空题型呈现以下特点：
文体：记叙文、说明文都有涉及；主要以记叙文为主；
话题：教育引导（5年4考）；事物介绍（2018年考查）；
词数：在225－280之间，生词3个以内；
段落：3－7段，以3、4段居多；
考查点：考查同一词性的词义辨析。其中：名词（2－3个， 3个居多）、动词（2－3个， 3个居多）、形容词（1－2个， 1个居多）、连词（5年4考）、动词短语（5年4考）、副词（5年3考）、介词（2019.41， 2018.41）、介词短语（2016.45）。微技能1 语境推断微技能2 逻辑推理微技能3 词汇复现微技能4 固定搭配微技能5 生活常识微技能讲练 语境推断（必考：每年4～7道） 语境推断是指根据上下文的语境提示或暗示，身临其境地理解所处的语境，体验语境和作者的情感态度，推断出符合场景的最佳选项。例1 （2019 河北节选）Soon after， the company sent me a book about the life of Thomas Edison. How I enjoyed reading and re-reading about his 39 ！ I like the recorded sound and the electric light most.
39.A. lights B. projects
C. suggestions D. inventions剖析：根据上一句中“Soon after， the company sent me a book about the life of Thomas Edison.”和下一句“I like the recorded sound and the electric light most.”可知此处指作者喜欢爱迪生，他的发明都令作者印象深刻。留声机和电灯都是爱迪生的发明，因此inventions符合题意。故选D。例 2 （2019河北节选）My dad noticed my interest in inventing and 40 me. He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and then into new things.
40.A. mistook B. refused
C. chose D. encouraged剖析：根据最后一句“He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and then into new things.”可知作者的父亲很支持作者热爱发明的兴趣，所以鼓励他继续坚持发明，因此encouraged符合题意。故选D。微技能训练Cloze 1（2019重庆A卷节选）
Right after lunch， Mother found she had got a cold. She did need a rest in bed. But first she had a few things to do. Prepare the meat for . Leave a note for the cleaners...
1.A. tea B. breakfast C. lunch D. dinnerDCloze 2（2019宿迁节选）
You must see yourself clearly， and know what you want to get. Your future doesn’t how others act， but on how you are going to act.
2. A. try on B. depend on C. live on D. insist onBCloze 3（2019北京节选）
Two months ago， when our class election（选举）started， I decided to run for class president. I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people， so I felt it easy to win. But I was that people would feel bad for me if I lost.
3.A. bored B. afraid C. excited D. hopefulBCloze 4（2019广东省卷节选）
“We always do what you want to do， Cindy. It’s my turn to make a .” Anna said. She was getting a little unhappy and went away， leaving Cindy alone.
4. A. promise B. project C. decision D. dialogueC微技能2逻辑推理（5年4考） 完形填空是一篇有具体内容的文章，各段落之间必然有着逻辑上的联系。考生在答题时，可以通过对故事的线索、文章前后各段之间的逻辑关系、文章前后内容之间的逻辑关系及人物情感的发展来分析和理解文章，以此推断答案。 逻辑关系主要有：并列关系（and...）；转折关系（but， however， though， yet， otherwise， while...）；顺序关系（before， after， then， finally...）；让步关系（although， despite...）；因果关系（so， thus， for...）；条件关系（if， in case...）；递进关系（moreover， besides， furthermore， what’s more， in addition to， as well as...）。例 （2019河北节选）I have invented robots which improve the work of cars. My love of making things began 36 I was a kid.
36. A. before B. after C. when D. until剖析：根据空前的“My love of making things began”可知此处为“当……时候”，表示“当我还是个孩子的时候”。因此when符合题意。故选C。微技能训练Cloze 5（2019广州节选）
John looked around the garden， behind the bushes， and under the picnic table. No dog！ His mother heard the in his voice as he called her a second time， “Mom， I can’t find Charlie！”
She came outside quickly. “Let’s look around the garden first. Don’t worry. I’m sure he’s close by.”
5. A. anger B. hope C. fear D. warningCCloze 6
She was born without the lower half of her leg and has worn prosthetic（假体） ones all her life. She grew up in Alabama， US and had an active childhood. She kept up with her sisters and brothers at the gym and the swimming pool. She feels lucky her family treated her in just the same way as the other members.
6. A. though B. unless C. before D. becauseD词汇复现（5年4考） 词汇复现指的是某一词以原词、同义词、近义词、概括词或其他形式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系达到了相互衔接。例1 （2019河北节选）Later， we found a 42 model plane in a store. I learned that different inventors often invent similar things.
42. A. different B. similar
C. large D. small剖析：根据“I learned that different inventors often invent similar things.”可知不同的发明家也会有相似的发明，因此“similar”符合题意。故选B。例2 （2019河北节选）I have invented robots which improve the work of cars. My love of making things began when I was a kid.
（...）
His guiding hands， together with my 45 in inventing， led me to become an engineer and an inventor.
45. A. habit B. story
C. interest D. plan剖析：根据“My love of making things”可知做东西是作者的一项兴趣，因此“interest”符合题意。故选C。微技能训练Cloze 7（2019邵阳节选）
One day a young lady was driving along with her father. They met a strong ， and the young lady asked her father， “What should I do？” Her father said， “Keep driving.”
But later， many cars began to pull over（向路边停靠） because the storm was getting worse and worse.
7. A. storm B. wind C. rain D. snowA Cloze 8（2019宿迁节选）
Seeing the dirty-faced cat， the clean-faced one thought its own face was also dirty， so it quickly ran to the riverside and washed its .
8. A. mouth B. tail C. nose D. faceDCloze 9（2019石家庄43中三模）
Marco looked at the basketball hoop and threw the ball up. “Score！” Marco shouted as the ____ went through the basketball hoop. “You won this time， but next time I’ll beat you， Marco！” said Kim， as the two friends walked home.
9. A. bag B. ball C. card D. bookB固定搭配（5年3考） 固定搭配需要结合语境并利用常用句型及习惯表达来直接选择答案。考生平时应积累动词短语、介词短语、固定句型等固定搭配。例1 （2019河北节选）Once， I surprised my dad 41 a model plane I made.
41. A. with B. about C. into D. from剖析：根据句意可知此处表示用一个飞机模型给我爸爸了一个惊喜。方式介词with表示“用”，后接表工具或者身体部位的词，因此“with”符合题意。故选A。例2 （2018河北节选）Like other living things， most bacteria（细菌）need water to live. Salt takes in plenty of water， so most bacteria cannot live 41 a salty environment.
41. A. in B. outside C. for D. without剖析：根据语境可知此处表示大多数细菌不能居住在一个含盐的环境里。live in居住在……，为固定搭配，因此“in”符合题意。故选A。微技能训练Cloze 10（2019淮安节选）
When the hall lights dimmed（变暗），the concert would begin. The mother returned to her seat and discovered that her son was missing. The mother was worried at that moment that tears（眼泪） were in her eyes.
10. A. so B. very C. much D. suchACloze 11（2019日照节选）
Love in a paper bag， and he threw it. He had even thrown it in the wastebasket. So back he went hurriedly to the office. Just before the night cleaner， he found all the things back and carried the bag home.
After dinner， he asked Molly to tell him about the things in the bag. It a long time to tell. Everything had a story or a memory.
11. A. spent B. paid C. cost D. tookD生活常识（2019.37） 在解答此类试题时，考生要利用生活常识或经验积累解题。例1 （2019河北节选）One day in fourth grade， our 37 gave us a project in class.
37. A. parent B. teacher
C. inventor D. engineer剖析：根据前面的“fourth grade”和后面的“in class”可知是与学校有关。结合常识可知老师属于学校职工。因此选项中的teacher 符合题意。故选B。例2 （2018河北节选）We put salt on icy roads to make them 39 . We also use salt to produce other products， like paper and glass.
39.A. wide B. safe
C. smooth D. thick剖析：根据常识可知在有冰的路上撒盐是为了溶解冰，让人或车行走时更安全，因此“safe”符合题意。故选B。微技能训练 Cloze 12（2019重庆A卷节选）
Then the door banged（砰的一声） open as the came home from school. “Mom！ Mom！ Where are you？”“Didn’t you even get up yet？”“What about dinner？”
12. A. father B. cleaners C. children D. dogCCloze 13（2019淄博节选）
Companies built power plants（工厂） to make to run the machines， factories and cities.
13. A. metal B. water C. electricity D. oilCCloze 14（2019广安节选）
Every April， there is a special day in China. It is Qingming Festival， also called Tomb-Sweeping Day. On that day， people and honor（纪念） their ancestors（祖先）.
14. A. remember B. meet C. see D. findA
