上海新世纪英语高二年级下学期Unit6 Amazing Achievements 教材精讲

伴你成长高二新世纪（下）Unit6
1. 重点词组
出生于······的家庭 be born in…
想出一个好主意 come up with a good idea
很重要 of great importance
投入到 get involved in
很多+n（可数名词复数） a great many
做出惊人的成就 make amazing achievement
确定地 for sure
关心 care for
尽管 in spite of
设法做到 manage to do
有助于 contribute to doing
在20世纪70年代早期 in the early 1970s
成功做······ succeed in doing…

2. 重点句型

1.Upon／On+V-ing 在······时，在······之后
I shall visit you on arriving in London. 我一到伦敦就来拜访你。

2.of great importance = very important of+n. 相当于该名词对应的形容词所表达的含义
Your advice is of great help to our work. 你的忠告对我的工作很有帮助。

3. 重点语法

The Inversion（2） 倒装句（2）

4. 重点单词

1.cultivate v.
(1)grow crops 种植作物
? e.g. The Chinese are said to be the first people to cultivate rice in the world.
据说中国人是世界上最早种植水稻的。
(2)refine the mind，feelings etc. 陶冶情操
? e.g. Reading great writers can cultivate our minds，for it is like talking with them.
阅读伟大的作家的作品能够陶冶情操，因为阅读就像是与他们谈话。
cultivated adj. ：having good taste or refinement 有修养的，有内涵的
? e.g. We hope that every student will have become a cultivated person when he graduates from this university.
我们希望每个学生，当他从这所大学毕业时，已经成为有修养的人。
2.shadow n.
(1)be in shadow 在阴影里
? e.g. The light gave off poor light；so most of the room was in shadow.
灯的光线很弱，房间大部分都是暗的。
(2)be in one’s shadow 受······影响而不能
? e.g. For quite a long time she lived in her famous father’s shadow.
好长时间她为父亲的盛名所累而不能崭露头角。
(3)be one’s shadow 与某人形影不离
? e.g. The pet dog is his owner’s shadow.
小狗跟它的主人形影不离。
(4)cast a shadow over 给······投下阴影
? e.g. The coming war cast a shadow over the country.
越来越近的战争给这个国家投下了阴影。
3.eliminate v.
(1)eliminate from：remove sth./sb.from，esp，those unwanted or unneeded 清除、排除
? e.g. It’s hard to eliminated poverty across the world，but we must strive to.
虽然消除世界范围内的贫困很难，但我们必须努力。
(2)eliminate from：exclude through defeat（比赛）淘汰出局（主动用被动）
? e.g. It’s a big surprise that he was eliminated in the very first round.
他在第一轮即被淘汰出局，真是太出乎意料了。
4.estimate v.
estimate sth.at 估计（价值，花费面积等）是
? e.g. We estimate his yearly income at roughly 10,000 yuan.
我们估计他的年收入大约是一万元。
estimation n.
in one’s estimation 在某人看来
? e.g. In my estimation，the prices of TV’s will keep going up.
在我看来，电视机的价格会不断上涨。
常用句式It’s estimated that+从句：据估计······
? e.g. It’s estimated that US military expenditure for 2007 will come to $400 billion..
据估计2007年美国的军费开支将达到4000亿美元。
5.devote v.
devote + n. + to + n /V-ing 为······奉献
? e.g. She devotes all her time and energy to teaching.
她把全部的时间跟精力都用在了教学上。
devotion n. 深爱，挚爱，忠心，奉献
? e.g. Nothing is greater than a mother’s devotion to her children.
世间没有比母爱更伟大的了。
devoted adj。忠诚的，热爱的
? e.g. They have been devoted friends since childhood.
自童年起他们就是忠诚的朋友。
be devoted to 致力于
? e.g. All through his life, he has been devoted to scientific researches.
他一生都献给了科研。
6.increase v. & n.
(1)increase from A to B 增加，增大（数量，体积等）
? e.g. The word population increased from 5 billion in 1989 to 6 billon in 2005.
世界人口从1989年的50亿已经增长到2005年的60亿。
(2)increase by 增加了
? e.g. The profit has increased by 20%. 利润上涨了20%
(3)increase to 增加到
? e.g. The river has increased to 12 meters. 河水涨到了12米
(4)on the increase 在增长
? e.g. The number of burglaries are on the increase in this area.
该地区的入室盗窃呈上升趋势。
increasing adj. 越来越多地
? e.g. People are showing increasing interest in their democratic rights.
人们对自己的民主权利的兴趣越来越高。
increasingly adv. 越来越多地
? e.g. people are increasingly aware that stability is more important than anything else.
人们越来越认识到稳定比什么都重要。
7.contribute v.
(1)give one’s share of money，help to do 捐助，贡献
? e.g. We should contribute aid to the flood victims.
(2)add to or increase 有助于······
? e.g. His interpretation contributed to our understanding of the new law.
他的解释有助于我们对新规则的理解。
(3)lead to；result in 导致
? e.g. It’s widely accepted that smoking Contributes to lung cancer.
大家都知道吸烟会导致肺癌。
contribution n.
make a contribution to 做贡献
? e.g. That china signed the protocol of Kyoto has made a major contribution to the environmental protection.
中国签署《京都协议书》对环境做出了重大贡献。
8.practical adj.：concerned with action 实践的
? e.g. He lacks practical knowledge.他缺乏实践知识。
practice n.
? e.g. It takes a lot of practice to have a good command of English.
需要大量练习才能掌握英语。
v. practice doing sth.
9.remain v.
(1)be left or still present 保存，留存
? e.g. Very little of my house remained after the fire.
火灾过后，我家的房子所剩无几。
(2)remain to be done：be left to be done
? e.g. The decision remains to be made. 决定还没有做出。
(3)continue to be 仍旧，依然
? e.g. They remained the best of friends all their life.
他们一生都是最好的朋友。
(4)stay in the same place
? e.g. The boy was told to remain on the same spot until his parents came to collect him.
男孩被告知要留在原地等父母来接。
remaining adj. 剩下的
10.despite prep. in spite of 尽管，虽然
(1)despite + n./V-ing
? e.g. Despite all kinds of difficulties，he still has confidence in himself.
虽然困难重重，他依然对自己有信心。
(2)despite the fact that + 句子
? e.g. Despite the fact that there are so many difficulties，he keeps on carrying out this experiment.
虽然有很多困难，他依然继续实施这项实验。
11.apply v.
(1)to request sth. 提出申请
? e.g. He is going to that company to apply for the job.
他将向那家公司申请一份工作。
(2)to put into use 应用
? e.g. It’s advisable for you to apply what you have learnt to practice.
你最好把你所学的应用于实践。
(3)have an effect on 起作用
? e.g. This rule doesn’t apply
这条规则不适用。
分层练习
A． 基础练习
I．Spelling．
a．Fill in the blanks with a word using the hints of its English definition．
1．to get rid of e_______
2．a lack of sth．needed s______
3．an anlount produced y______
4．suffering caused by lack of food s______
5．exactly and correctly p______
b．Fill in the blanks with the word from the text．The first letter of the word has been given．
6．Yuan Longping’s dream is that he c ___ rice as huge as peanuts．
7. Upon g _____from the Southwestern Agricultural College in 1953，he began his
teaching career at an agriculture schoo1．
8．Of great importance is his P ___ work，which e China’s position of
world leadership in this area．
9．FAO has decided to get involved in the work of s _____the coverage of Yuan’s
High-yield hybrid rice．
10. He firmly believes that China can surely feed her large population with her l____．
cultivated land．
11．The breakthrough in rice cultivation has significantly contributed to s___ the
food problem in China．
12．In his mind there always exists a dream，more p ____than that of his youth .
13．Popularizing the new hybrid rice with higher yields around the world can e____
starvation on Earth．
14．Some people e Yuan’s actual fortune might make him one of the richest
people in China．
1 5．In spite of his busy research work，Yuan Longping has m to keep some
hobbies in his spare time．
ⅡComplete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.
1．His achievement has won him a great many awards．(amaze)
2．It’s time for you to make ____due to our country．(contribute)
3．Please put the ___ food in the fridge．(remain)
4．What you said is of great ________ to our growth．( significant)
5．The teacher suggested us putting what we have learned into_______．(practical)
Ⅲ Complete each of the following sentences with a phrase in its proper form .
the first time come up with graduate from devote oneself to care for act upon
for the first time apply to nothing more than in spite of at rest of great significance
1．He took a post as a junior teacher upon ____a teachers’ college.
2．In my eyes，the“new”theory that he put forth is ______nonsense.
3．The principle of diligence and frugality all undertakings.
4．Would you a walk on the campus after dinner?
5． I saw the Forbidden City，I was struck by its beauty and magnificence(宏大).
6．It is only a clever man like him that could such an effective method.
7．Professor Deng Jiaxian has______ the development of nuclear weapons of China.
8．It was in 1980 that we met _______ and we have been friends since.
9． being sick，he didn’t want to lose this opportunity to go abroad .
10．No object in the universe is really -everything is in motion.
Ⅳ．Complete the sentences according to the Chinese given．
1．Some he graduated from university，_______________．(他一直致力于农业教
学和研究)
2．There is no doubt this meeting____________．(对我们公司的发展很重要of+n.)
3．Reviewing your lessons in time is considered_______________________．(提高学
习效率的有效方法)
4． It was his amazing achievement that__________________．(为他赢得了很多的奖赏和荣誉)
5. He has 1ong dreamed of_______．（尽快消除世上的饥饿)
6. _____________China can surely feed her large population with her limited cultivated land．(他坚信)
7．How shall we deal with such__________ ?(剩余的食物)
8. ______，he managed to keep some hobbies in his spare time．(尽管研究工作很忙，)
(in spite of)
9．Fresh air is believed to_______．(有助于健康contribute)
10．_________ only five people survived the air crash．(据估计)
B.能力提升
I Vocabulary
( )1．Since he graduated from university，he _____volunteer work .
A．has devoted to doing B．is devoted to doing
C. has been devoted to doing D．is devoted to do
( )2． the bad weather，he kept doing physical exercise.
A．Despite of B．Because of C．Due to D In spite of
( )3．Whether to build another bridge over the Huangpu River or not_____.
A．remain unknown B．remains to be discussed
C．remains to be unknown D. remain discussing
( )4. Yuan Longping is considered _____agriculture research .
. A．making great contributions to B.to make great contributions in
C．to have made great contributions to D．making great contributions in
( )5．In the past few years，the output______ 20％.
A．has increased by B. increased to
C．has raised by D. has risen to
( )6． I saw this film，I was deeply moved by it.
A. The moment when B．The first time
C. Upon D. No sooner
( )7.It was ____that won him a great many awards and honours.
A. because of his amazing achievement
B．owing to his amazed achievement
C．because he made amazing achievement
D．his amazing achievement ，
( )8．What was that he should have been awarded the first prize.
A．made me amazing B. amazed me
C．made me surprising D. surprise me
( )9．We held a party in honor ____the important leaders．
A. of B. for C. with D. about
( )10．This great scientist cares nothing ____his research.
A．1ess than B．other than C．rather than D. more than
Ⅱ．Translation．
1．1969年美国人成功地将两个人送上月球。(succeed)
___________________________________________________________________________

2．尽管被认为是杂交水稻之父，袁隆平依然像个农民一样地生活着。(consider)
___________________________________________________________________________

3．科学家对人类进步做出的贡献是超乎想象的。(contribution'}
___________________________________________________________________________

4．他大学一毕业就致力于在西部地区教书(Upon)
___________________________________________________________________________

5·虽然人口众多，耕地有限，袁隆平坚信他的努力能消除国内的饥荒。(despite)
___________________________________________________________________________

The Inversion(2)倒装句(2)
1．以there，here或now等开始的句子，谓语动词为be，come，go，exist等时，常用完全倒装。
Here comes the bus． 汽车来了。
There goes the bell． 上课铃响了。
Now comes your turn．现在轮到你了。
2．作表语的介词短语置于句首，谓语动词为be时，一般用全部倒装。
Among his hobbies were reading books and listening to music．
在他的爱好中有阅读书籍和听音乐。
3．作地点状语的介词短语置于句首，谓语动词为stand，sit，hang，1ie等时，也常用全部倒装。
In the corner of the room sat an old lady． 在房间的角落里，坐着一位老人。
4．以 so或neither／nor开始，表示上文所述情况也适用于另一人(或物)，常用局部倒装语序。So用于肯定句，neither／nor用于否定句。
China has greatly benefited from Yuan Longping’s successful research, and so has the rest of the world.
中国从袁隆平成功的研究中受益匪浅，世界其他国家也是如此。
注意：(1)有时为了对上文情况肯定和确认，用正常语序表示“确实如此”
He can speak good English．So he can他能讲一口很好的英语。他的确讲得很好。
(2)若在并列句中，表示B也一样，可用so it is／was(the same)with sb/sth.
He is a boy of Senior Two and enjoys playing football．So it is the same with me.
他是一个高二的男孩子，很喜欢踢足球，我和他的情况一样。
5．用于形容词、副词、名词、动词+as(though)引导的让步状语从句。
注意：当表语为名词时，则名词不加任何冠词，主谓并不倒装。
Much as 1 admire her，I cannot excuse her fault.
虽然我很崇拜她，但我不能原谅她的过错。
Child as he is，he is independent of his parents．
虽然他是个孩子，他不依靠父母。
语法专项训练
I．Multiple choice．
1．--I went to visit the museum yesterday
--Oh, did you? .
A. So I did B. So did I C. Neither I did D. Neither did I
2. Only after being asked several times '______ us the news.
A. then he told B. did he tell C. he could tell D. he began to tell
3. Stop _________.There _________.
A. shouting; the teacher comes B. to shout; the teacher came
C. shouting; comes the teacher D. to shout; came the teacher
4. Not for a moment _________ what he said.
A. I believed B. did I believe C. I would believe D. I believe
5. Under the big tree______ who is seven years old.
A. sat a little girl B. did a little girl sit
C. a little girl sit D. a little girl sat
6. In , and the students stood up.
A. the teacher comes B. the teacher corning
C. came the teacher D. did the teacher come
7. No sooner_________ begun to speak than I sensed that something was wrong.
A. he has B. he had C. had he D. did he
8. , he has much experience in learning English.
A. As is he young B. Young as he is
C. As young he is D. Young although he is
9. Nowhere else in the world a place so beautiful.
A. you can find B. find you C. can you find D. do you find
10. Not until all the fish died in river_________ how serious the pollution was.
A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized
C. the villagers did realize D. didn't the villagers realize
11. So busy_________ that he has no time to play.
A. he was B. he is C. is he D. was he
12._________, the crops would be saved.
A. It should to rain B. It rains
C. Should it rain D. It will rain
13. Such a noise that I couldn't make myself heard.
A. are there B. there is C. was there D. there are
14. Only in his place _________such good tea.
A. we can buy B. can we buy
C. can buy we D. can have we bought
15. Out ____ after the door was opened.
A. did the dog run B. ran the dog
C. the dog ran D. does the dog run
16. Only that.
A. can a doctor do B. a doctor can do
C. can do a doctor D. a doctor do can
17. On the river bank where he once lived.
A. stand a. house B. a house stands
C. does a house stand D. stands a house
18. Up____ into the air.
A. went the arrow B. the arrow went
C. did the arrow go D. does the arrow go
19. ______ time, they would certainly come and help us.
A. If had they B. If they had C. Had they D. Both B and C
20.1 won't go, .
A. any of my classmates will go nor B. nor will not any of my classmates
C. nor will any of my classmates D. nor do any of my classmates.
II. Complete each sentence using a given word in its proper form.
1. They did nothing but (play)the piano the whole day.
2. Your (speak)English is much better than your (write)English.
3. This poem is worthy of (translate).
4. Have you anything (declare).
5. He used to (devote) time to his teaching when he was young.
6. This is the first time that I (hear)her sing.
7. My English is so limited that I can't make myself (understand).
8. It (be)a long time before I see another film.
9. When (grow),ants change their forms 3 times.
10. What I want is (not interrupt)when I'm writing.

分层练习
A．基础练习
I．Spelling．
1.eliminate 2．shortage 3．yield 4．starvation 5．precisely
6.cultivates 7. graduating 8．pioneering established 9．spreading
1 0. limited 11．solving 12．practical 13．eliminate 14．estimated
15．managed
II. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms．
1.amazing 2. contributions 3．remaining 4．significance 5．practice
Ⅲ.Complete each of the following sentences with a phrase in its proper form．
1. graduating from 2．nothing more than 3．applies to 4．care for
5. The first time 6．come up with 7．devoted himself to
8.for the first time 9．In spite of 10．at rest
Ⅳ.Complete the sentences according to the Chinese given．
1.he has been devoted to agriculture education and research．
2.is of great importance to the development of our company．
3.as an effective way to increase study efficiency．
4.won him a lot of awards and honors．
5.eliminating starvation on earth as soon as possible．
6．He firmly believes．
7．remaining food．
8．In spite of his busy research work．
9．contributes health．
10．It’s estimated that
B.能力提升
I．Vocabulary．
1-5CDBCA 6-10BDBAD
Ⅱ.Translation .
1.The Americans succeeded in sending／putting two men on the moon．
2. Although considered(as／to be)the father of hybrid rice, Yuan Longping lives a life much similar to that of a peasant／lives like a peasant．
3.The contributions that scientists made to the progress of mankind are simply be-
yond imagination．
4.Upon graduating from university he was devoted to teaching in the western area．
5.Despite a large population and limited cultivated land，Yuan Longping firmly believes that his efforts can eliminate starvation in China.

语法专项练习
I．Multiple choice．
1·B 2·B 3.C 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．A
11·C 12·C 13．C 14．B 15．B 16．B 17．D 18．A 19．B 20．C
Ⅱ. Complete each sentence using a given word in its proper form．
1. play 2spoken；written 3．being translated 4.to declare 5．be devoted
6. have heard 7.understood 8．will be 9．growing 10．not to be interrupted