上海新世纪英语高二年级上学期第五单元Animals 教材精讲

伴你成长高二新世纪（上）
Module Three Unit 5
教材精新
目标扫描
l．复习动词不定式的进行式和完成式的用法。
2．掌握本课的重要单词及用法。
quit，wonder，crazy， thrill，crash，fall，filter，silence，pack，curious，prime，scratch，practically，tremble，wrapping
3．熟记本课出现的常见词组。
be crazy about，be thrilled at sth．／to do sth．，come over，show off，head for，turn over,
settle down，pick up，without／beyond／out of reach．feed sb．sth．.，feed sth.． to sb．／feed sb．with／on sth．，shoot at
4．掌握一些常用的重要句型。
(I)I wonder if／whether 我想知道是否……
(2)It was…that… 强调句型
(3)Sb．could／must have done 情态动词的虚拟语气
(4)(It’s)no wonder ……不奇怪．不足为奇
5．能力要求。
(1)Describing animals
(2)Telling and retelling a story
(3)Reporting
语言点详解
1．不定式的进行式的用法
不定式的进行式(to be doing)表示与谓语动词同时发生的动作。
例：The old woman seemed to be enjoying herself
常与不定式的进行式连用的动词有：
pretend，happen，think，believe，consider，say，seem，appear，report等
例：She happened to be doing her homework when her father came back
比较：Mr. Wang is said to write a letter to his s6n
据说王先生要给他儿子写信。
Mr. Wang is said to be writing a letter to his son
据说，王先生正在给他儿子写信。
注意：不定式的进行式有时也可表示一个反复的动作。
例：I don’t like the customers to be constantly complaining about the quality of products．
2．不定式的完成式的用法
不定式的完成式(to have done)表示该动作(或状态)发生或出现在谓语所表示的动作(或状态)之前。
例：The policeman seemed to have known the truth
·不定式的完成式(to have done)在句中的作用。
(1)用作主语或宾语。
例：It’s my pleasure to have talked to you
I consider it a shame not to have recognized you immediately．
(2)用于形容词后作原因状语。
例：I’m sorry to have hurt you
(3)用于seem，appear，happen，pretend等动词之后。
例：Tom happened to have finished his homework
The girl pretended to have fallen asleep when her mother came in.
(4)用于be+said／thought／considered／reported／believed等之后。
例：The teacher is said to have taught English for 25 years
Sixteen persons were reported to have been arrested by the policewomen last night
3．wonder的用法
v．to have a feeling of surprise；to feel curiosity or be in doubt about想知道
例：I wonder at his rudeness.
I wondered what was going on at the meeting.
n．惊奇，奇观，壮举，奇才
例：look at the new invention in wonder
Pyramids is one of the seven wonders of the world.
【拓展】
相关词组
It’s a wonder 难得，奇怪的是
It’s a wonder you recognized me.
(It’s) no wonder 难怪，并不奇怪，当然
例：No wonder he is not hungry; he has been eating sweets all day.
4.used to do sth．.及相关词组的用法
·used to do sth．曾经做，过去常常做
·be/get used to doing现在习惯于做
·be used to do被用来做
例：He used to drink a lot, didn’t he?
I used to live in the countryside, but I am used to the city life.
5.crazy的用法
adj．疯狂的
例：That noise of the machine is driving me crazy.
adj．愚蠢的
例：a crazy idea/suggestion
It’s crazy(of you) to wear such a thin blouse at the snowy night.
He’s crazy to drive his car so fast.
【拓展】
相关词组
be crazy about sth.．对…着迷
例：Many girls are crazy about the Korean TV series.
The girl was crazy about skiing at an early age.
6….can hardly wait for的用法
等不及，迫不及待
例：Alice could hardly wait for the return of her parents from abroad.
7．合成词：副词一ed分词构成的合成词
fresh-fallen snow 新下的雪
fresh-laid eggs刚下的蛋
a newly-bought dress新买的衣服

8．独立主格的用法
a fine rifle in my hand。with a rifle in my hand／rifle in hand
例：The engineer came into the office，brochure in hand=The engineer came into the office，(with)a brochure in his hand
9．thrill的用法
n．a sudden and strong feeling of excitement一阵激动
例：It gave me a real thrill to see her again after so many years.
v． to make sb．feel excited or horrified激动，发抖
例：The fans were thrilled to hear the movie star had died in the hotel.
【拓展】
词性转换
adj. thrilling毛骨悚然的
例：a thrilling performance／experience
n. thriller惊险读物或电影
10．come over的用法
影响，突然感到
例：I told a 1ie and then a feeling of shame came over me.
11．crash的用法
n． collision．impact坠毁，碰撞
例：Nobody survived the air crash
v． to move violently and noisily碰撞．坠毁
例：The two planes crashed into each other yesterday
12．show off的用法
v． to talk too proudly about oneself．one’s possessions，etc；
to boast 吹嘘．夸耀
例：She was always showing off with her friends about her boyfriend in America
He showed off that．he had passed the exam easily．
13．hang的用法
·(hanged，hanged)v．上吊，绞死
·(hung，hung)v悬挂
例：A picture is hanging high up on the wall．
He helped to hang up my coat．
After she finished her conversation，she hung up
14．fall的用法
n. autumn(American English) 秋天
例：late in the fall深秋
It is very cold here late in the fall
n.瀑布
例：waterfall瀑布
n. movement clown towards the ground跌倒
例：Mary had a fall from the horse and broke her leg
n. a reduction in the amount，level，price，etc 下降
例：There has been a fall in oil prices／products
n. losing the position of power灭亡
例：the rise and fall of Roman Empire
A fall into the pit．a gain in your wit (谚)吃一堑，长一智。
Pride goes before a fall (谚)骄者必败。
v .to drop；to decline落下
例：The book fell off the shelf
v. to occur发生
例：New Year’s Day falls on a Tuesday this yea r
v. to come into contact接触．遇到
例：My gaze fell on a small book in the corner.
15．filter的用法
n.过滤器，滤色镜，(香烟的)过滤嘴
v .to pass(1iquid，light，etc．)through a filter过滤
例：filter the coffee／the water
All drinking water must be filtered
【拓展】
相关词组
filter through过滤．渐为人知．慢慢传开
例：The news filtered through to everyone in the office
16．silence的用法
n．安静
例：The readers need complete silence in the library.
The spectators are sitting in silence in the theater．
17．pack的用法
v. to put into a container把……打包．装箱等
例：I will go for a picnic tomorrow.
Don’t forget to pack everything necessary.
His girlfriend packed a bar of chocolate into a pretty box.
v．to fill；to crowd挤满，装满
例：The train was packed with people.
The audience packed the hall.
【拓展】 、
相关词组
pack up打包，收拾行李
例：Our monitor packed up all his personal belongings before he left for Beijing.
18．curious的用法
adj．eager to know or learn好奇的
【拓展】
相关词组
(1)be curious about对……感到好奇
例：The middle—aged lady is curious about her neighbour’s family affairs.
Don’t be curious about the things you should not know
(2)be curious to do sth 很想做某事
例：He is curious to know who will be selected as members of the national team．
词性转换
n. curiosity
相关词组
meet／satisfy one’s curiosity满足好奇心
例：To meet his curiosity，he opened the box to see what it was inside．
out of curiosity出于好奇心
例：He went there out of curiosity to see what was happening.
19．prime的用法
·n. first or early part第一部分．最早的部分
例：the prime of the moon新月
·n．the best state or time of one’s life全盛期，顶盛时期
例：in the prime of life在壮年时期
be past one’s prime已过壮年
adj. basic or main基本的，主要的
例：Learning is a task of prime importance for students
adj. of the first class，of the best quality一流的，优质的，最好的
例：tobacco of prime quality优质烟草
prime time黄金时间
【拓展】
相关词组
in one’s prime／in the prime of sb． 风华正茂时
例：It is said that many scientists died in their prime．
20．scratch的用法
v. to rub lightly to stop itching轻搔(以止痒)
例：My son likes scratching his nose before saying something.
21．practically的用法
adv. Almost，very nearly．virtually(口)几乎．简直
例：What he wants to do is practically impossible to achieve.
There’s practically no difference between the two paintings.
22．tremble的用法
v. to shake slightly战栗，发抖
例：He was caught in the rain just now. And at the moment he is trembling.
【拓展】
相关词组
tremble with sth． 因……发抖
例：She trembled with worry when she learned her mother was ill in hospital.
He beat his deskmate in chess and his hands trembled with excitement．
23．wrapping的用法
n. the cloth，paper or plastic that is wrapped a round something to protect it
包装纸，包装材料
例：一What’s inside?
一I don’t know．It’s still in its wrapping．
【拓展】
词性转换
v. wrap包装
例：I wrapped the present for my son at the shop
New babies are usually wrapped in blankets
相关词组
wrap sth．. up把……包装起来
24．head for的用法
go in a particular direction or to a particular place向……走去
例：With no plan，they are heading for another failure．
You are heading for an accident if you drive after drinking.
25．pick up的用法
捡起，拿起
例：I picked up the phone as soon as the bell rang
用车接某人
例：1 will pick you up at the school gate at 8：00 a m tomorrow.
·学得．习得
例：The child can pick up a language more quickly because of the environment reasons．
【拓展】
相关词组
pick oneself up (自己)爬起来
例：If you fall，just remember to pick yourself up and carry on with the race．

活学活用：
◆1翻译：当老师进来时，David假装在读书。
◆2动词填空：He is believed_______ (wait)for his girl-friend right now．
◆3选择：Mr. Wang is supposed______ for America last week.
A. to have left
B. to leave
C. to be leaving
D. to have been left
◆4动词填空：Her grandpa is said_____ (die) last night.
◆5翻译：当老师来我家时，我碰巧刚吃过午饭。
◆6 Smoke less every day，then you might be able to _____smoking for good.
A .achieve B. cancel C. quit D. design
◆7翻译：他从十层楼楼顶掉下来还活着真是一个奇迹。（It is a wonder that）
◆8试用英语写出crazy的两个意思；并根据上下文判断下面句子中crazy的意思。
I am really crazy about Michael Jackson’s rock and roll.
◆9翻译：一个受过良好教育的人
◆10．翻译：当大象出现在舞台上时，我们突然间感到异常兴奋。
◆11．Lily’s gold earrings_____ from her old grandmother as a present for her wedding．
A．came from B. came into C. came down D .came over
◆12翻泽：My heart stood still when the other car ran through the red light and I knew we were about to crash.
◆13．改错：The court ordered the killer to be hung at once．
A B C
◆14.动词填空：The psychologist will only compare the crazy actions to_____ (fall) in love.
◆15．翻译：他被开除了，因为他打碎了很多咖啡过滤器。
◆16改错：No sooner had the words been spoken than he realized that he should have remained A B C
silently．
D
◆17选择：I held a party at my home last night．My room _____all my friends.
A. packed
B .was packed
C .packed with
D .was packed with
◆18翻译：离开前，务必把我们需要的打包。
◆19选择：My three-year-old son is curious_____ the stars in the sky.
A .at B. in C. about D .of
◆20翻译：我好想知道老师会怎样处理这件事。
◆21词性转换：Children simply show _____ (curious) just about everything.
◆22翻译：在过去，普通老百姓很难得到优质茶叶。
◆23翻译：正当我们的老师风华正茂时，癌症夺去了他的生命。
◆24翻译：我同事的儿子什么都懂，简直是一个天才。
◆25选择：He ____ at the sight of his father，for he was very strict with him
A .shook B. fainted C. trembled D. declined
◆26词性转换：I don’t like the ____ (wrap) of his box. I like that one.
◆27选择：Two minutes before the class ended，the students rose and ____ lunch．
A. turned up B. returned to C. headed for D．come at
◆28翻译：众所周知，我们不可能在这么短的时间内习得一种外国语。

课后精炼：
Listening
1. Listen to the short conversation and decide the best answer to the question you have heard
(1) A The woman is a close friend of the man B The woman has been working too hard
C. The woman is seeing a doctor. D. The woman is tired of her work.
(2) A. This apple pie tastes very good. B. His mother likes the pie very much.
C. This pie can't match his mother's. D. His mother can't make apple pies.
(3) A. Take a walk. B. Give a performance.
C. Listen to the music. D. Dance to the music.
(4) A. Read an article on political science. B. Present a different theory to the class.
C. Read more than one article. D. Choose a better article to read.
(5) A. The woman would understand if she did Mary's job.
B. The woman should do the typing for Mary.
C. The woman should work as hard as Mary.
D. The woman isn't a skillful typist.
(6) A. In the park. B. Between two buildings.
C. In his apartment. D. Under a huge tree.
(7) A. It's awfully dull. B. It's really exciting.
C. It's very exhausting. D. It's quite challenging.
(8) A. A movie. B. A lecture. C. A play. D. A speech.
(9) A. The weather is mild compared to the past years.
B. They are having the coldest winter ever.
C. The weather will soon get warmer.
D. The weather may get even colder.
(10) A, A mystery story. B. The hiring of a shop assistant.
C. he search for a reliable witness. D. An unsolved case of robbery.
2. Listen to the passage and decide the best answer to the question you have heard.
(1) A. Britain. B. France. C. Sweden. D. Spain.
(2) A. J. K. Rowling will have an Internet interview.
B. Children will meet Harry Potter's mother.
C. The book will be available on the Internet.
D. The book will arrive in China in early June.
(3) A. To get ready for a military parade. B. To learn to protect themselves.
C. To gain some military knowledge. D. To develop their love for the country.
(4) A. His friend gave him the wrong key. B. He didn't know where the back door was.
C. He couldn't find the key to his mailbox. D. It was too dark to put the key in the lock.
(5) A. It was getting dark.
B. He was afraid of being blamed by his friend.
C . The birds might have flown away.
D. His friend would arrive any time.
(6) A. He looked silly with only one leg inside the window.
B. He knew the policeman wouldn't believe him.
C. The torch light made him look very foolish.
D. He realized that he had made a mistake.
3. Listen to the longer conversation and fill in the blanks.
What's Rose's opinion? They should (1) ______
How old are they? Nearly (2) ______
How does Jacob feel right now? He feels (3) ______ .
How does Rose comfort him? She is sure he can find someone (4) ______ than her.
Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.
Grammar and Vocabulary
1. _______of the books _______out of date in our library.
A. Two-five, is B. Second-fifths, is
C. Two-fifths, are D. Two fifth, is
2. All the printing mistakes are said to______.
A. be correct B. have been corrected
C. have corrected D. have been correct
3. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person__
A. to send B. for sending it C. to send it to D. for sending it to
4. As a rule, domestic servants doing odd jobs are paid_______.
A. by the hour B. by hour C. by an hour D. by hour
5. You had to wait for one more week ______the manager came back from his trip.
A. as B. until C. when D. before
6. Could you show me the portable computer you want_______?
A. to have it repaired B. to repair it C. to have repaired D. it repaired
7. There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture, ______?
A. didn't they? B. don't they C. mustn't they D. haven't they
8. Listen! The students of Class Four seem ______ some important matters in the classroom.
A. to be discussing B. to have discussed
C. that they are discussing D. to have been discussing
9. — I saw your father in the park this morning.
— It's impossible. You ______him this morning. He has gone to England on business.
A. couldn't have met B. can't met
C. mustn't have met D. might not have met
10. _______, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.
A. However the story is amusing B. No matter how the story is amusing
C. No matter amusing the story is D. However amusing the story is
11. He _____ the sparrow in the tree but missed it.
A. shot B. killed C. shot at D. pointed at
12. The advertisements in newspapers help to cut the ______of making the newspaper.
A. price B. pay C. costs D. value
13. Without your mother's care and_______. I would not have such a good chance now.
A. worry B. anxiety C. interest D. concern
14. We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining_______.
A. badly B. heavily C. strongly D. hardly
15. Nick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does ______his boss.
A. satisfies B. serves. C. promises D. supports

Cloze
Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes
shopping because he__1__something. His __2__ is settled and decided in advance. He knows what he wants, and his objective is to find it and buy it. All men __3__walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. __4__the shop has it in stock, the deal (3G15 > can be and often is completed in less than 5 minutes, with hardly any chat and to everyone's satisfaction.
For a man, some __5__ may begin when the shop does not have what he wants. In that case,
the salesman tries to__6__ the customer something else—he offers the nearest to the things __7__.
Good salesman brings out such a substitute with skill: "I know this jacket is not the __8__ you want, sir, but would you like to try it for size? It happens to be the colour you mentioned." __9__ men have patience with this treatment, and the usual response is: "This is the right colour and may be the right size, but I should be__10__my time and yours by trying it on.'
1. A. needs B. likes C. sees D. knows
2. A. problem B. plan C. purpose D. price
3. A. simply B. unwillingly C. hopefully D. curiously
4. A. Because B. Although C. If D. After
5. A. mistakes B. pressure C. problems D. doubt
6. A. tell B. promise C. send D. sell
7. A. sold B. repaired C. required D. covered
8. A. style B. price c. C. size D. colour
9. A. Some B. Few C. Such D. Many
10. A. enjoying B. spending C. arranging D. wasting

Reading
(A)Fish Ears Tell Fish Tales
Fish have ears. They’re quite small and have no opening to the outside world carrying sound through the body. For the past seven years, Simon Thorrold, a university professor, has been examining fish ears, small round ear bones called otoliths.
As fish grow, so do their otoliths. Each day, their otoliths.gain a ring of calcium carbonate (碳酸钙).By looking through a microscope (显微镜) and counting these rings, Thorrold can determine the exact age of a young fish. As a fish gets older, its otoliths no longer get daily rings. Instead, they get yearly rings, which can also be counted, giving information about the fish's age, just like the growth rings of a tree.
Ring counting is nothing new to fish scientists. But Thorrold has turned to a new direction. They're examining the chemical elements (元素) of each otolith ring.
The daily ring gives us the time, but chemistry tells us about the environment in which the fish swam on any given day. These elements tell us about the chemistry of the water that the fish was in. It also says something about water temperature, which determines how much of these elements will gather within each otolith ring.
Thorrold can tell, for example, if a fish spent time in the open ocean before entering the less salty water of coastal areas. He can basically tell where fish are spending their time at any given stage of history.
In the case of the Atlantic croaker, a popular saltwater food fish, Thorrold and his assistant have successfully followed the travelling of young fish from mid-ocean to the coast, a journey of many hundreds of miles.
This is important to managers in the fish industry, who know nearly nothing about the whereabouts of the young fish for most food fish in the ocean. Eager to learn about his technology, fish scientists are now lending Thorrold their ears.
1. What can we learn about fish ears from the text?
A. They are small soft rings. B. They are not seen from the outside.
C. They are openings only on food fish. D. They are not used to receive sound.
2. Why does the writer compare the fish to trees?
A. Trees gain a growth ring each day. B. Trees also have otoliths.
C. Their growth rings are very small. D. They both have growth rings.
3. Why is it important to study the chemistry of otolith rings?
A. The elements of the otoliths can tell the history of the sea.
B. Chemical contents of otoliths can tell how fast fish can swim.
C. We can know more about fish and their living environment.
D. Scientists can know exactly how old a fish is.
4. How would you understand "fish scientists are now lending Thorrold their ears"?
A. They are very interested in Thorrold's research findings.
B. They want to know where they can find fish.
C. They lend their fish for chemical studies.
D. They wonder if Thorrold can find growth rings from their ears.

(B)
In the 19th century Englishmen liked to go to the seaside．In those days, 1adies wore long bathing dresses，and men wore bathing suits Women did not walk about on the beach in their bathing dresses. They hired a bathing machine A bathing machine was used for changing in, and for taking the bather down to the sea. It cost 2 pence(便士)to hire a machine and an attendant(侍者). When she had paid，the bather climbed up the back steps and got into the bathing machine．Then she changed into her bathing dress When she had changed，the machine was pulled down to the sea. The bathing machine stopped in the water and the bather went down the front steps into the water. lf she did not want to get into the sea，the attendant pulled her In．
1.Who used the bathing mach ne7．
A．Women bathers B．Both men and women bathers
C．Bathers who couldn’t swim D．Bathers who couldn’t walk
2. Bathing machine was mainly used for_____
A giving the bather a pleasure ride on the beach
B giving the bather some exercise before getting into the water
C protecting the bather from catching cold from the sea wind
D protecting the bather from being seen a bathing dress out of water
3. In the 19th century people who used the bathing machine usually did the following thing Which is the right order for doing them?
a Changing into bathing clothes
b Getting out of the bathing machine
c Paying 2 pence
d Getting into the bathing machine
e Being taken down the beach
f Getting into the water
A．c，d，a，e，b，f B．e，d，a，b，f，c
C．c，d．e，a，b，f D．d，a，e，b，f．c

Verbs
1 If time_____ (permit)，we have some break
2 They did all they could _____ (save) the homeless children
3 No criminals can escape from_____ (punish)whatever he tries
4 _____ (he r)the bell，the students entered the classroom at once．
5 一I shall pay you by check monthly
—Well，I would rather you_____ (pay)me cash weekly
6 We received the order that the work _____ (finish) as quickly as possible
7 He could have avoided the accident if he _____ (drive)slowly.
8 A new car factory _____ (build) near our college now.
9 1 was told the sports meet_____ (cancel) due to the heavy storm
10 The baby_____ (catch) in the heavy rain the day before yesterday has got a bad cold.

Translation
1我想知道被邀请的观众是否会准时到。(wonder)

2他坐在沙发上．向人们夸耀他在非洲的经历。(settle，show off)

3这个保姆给刚出生的婴儿喂了点牛奶。(feed)

4当老师进来时，他假装在做回家作业。(不定式)

5当听见主持人报到她的名字时，我们突然感到一阵激动。(thrill, come over)






活学活用：
1. When the teacher came in, David pretended to be reading. 2. to be waiting 5. A 4. to have died 5. When the teacher came to my home, 1 happened to have had lunch. 6. C 7. It is a wonder that he remained alive after dropping from the roof of a ten-storied building. 8. mad, foolish; mad 9. a well-educated person 10. It gave us a real thrill when the elephant appeared on the stage. 11. C 当看到那辆汽车穿红灯的时候，我的心脏快不跳了。我知道我们要撞车了。我的心脏好像要停止跳动了。 13 C hanged 14. falling 15. He was fired because he broke a dozen of coffee filters. 16. D silent 17. D 18. Before leaving, be sure to pack up what we need. 19. C 20. I am curious to know how the teacher will deal with it. 21. curiosity 22. In the past, it was very hard for ordinary people to get the tea of prime quality. 23. When our teacher was in his prime, he lost his life because of cancer. 24. My colleague's son knows everything and he is practically a genius. 25. C 26. wrapping 27. C 28. As is known to all, we can't pick up a foreign language in such a short time.

课后精炼：
1. (1) C (2) A (3) D (4) C (5) A (6) D (7) A (8)C (9)D (10) D
2. (1) C (2) A (3) D (4) A (5) B (6) B
3. (1) break up (2) 30 years old (3) sad (4) more suitable

Grammar and Vocabulary
1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. A 10. D 11. C 12. C 13. D
14. B 15. A
Cloze
1. A 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. D
Reading
(A) 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A
(B) 1. A 2. D 3. A
Verbs
1. permits 2. to save 3. being punished 4. Hearing 5. paid 6. be finished 7. had driven 8. is being built 9. would be cancelled/ had been cancelled 10. caught
Translation
1. I wonder whether the invited audience will arrive on time/on schedule.
2. He settled/was seated in the sofa, showing off his adventures in Africa.
3. The baby-sitter fed the newly-born baby with/on a bit of milk. / The baby-sitter fed a bit of milk to the newly-born baby.
4. When the teacher came in, he pretended to be doing his housework.
5. When we heard her name called by the host, a thrill came over us.