Unit 4 Natural disasters Learning about language 学案（无答案）

Book1 Unit4 Learning about language
课前知识储备
I: 课文原句背诵
1. It seemed ________________ the world _______ coming to an end.
2.In less than one minute, a large city _____________________.
3.About 75 _____ _______ the city’s factories and buildings were __________.
4. Water, food, and _______________ were hard to get.
5.People began to wonder how long the ___________ would last.
6. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to ____________ those who were ___________ and to _________ the dead.
7.Workers built ____________ for ____________ whose homes had been ____________.
8.Slowly, the city began to ___________again.
9.Tangshan started to ____________ itself and ____________________________.
10.With strong support from the government and the tireless ___________ of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.
11. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that _______________ disaster, people must ___________ and show the ____________to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
12. Some were found alive, though they were _________________ terrible injuries.
13.The ____________which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.
14.She is feeding the baby who ____________ the earthquake.
15.The next day, people put up shelters ___ _____ _____ ______using anything that they could find.
16.The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that ___________into coastlines across Asia yesterday,________ more than 6,500 people.
17.Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars _________________ by huge waves_________ by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0.
18.The undersea quake ________around 7:00 a.m.
19.However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to___________ food and supplies.
20.Report to the class the safety instructions you listed and then explain what _________ supplies people should keep ____________.
II: Review the text
Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. But the city’s one million people ____________ as usual that night. At 3:42, a terrible earthquake _________(shake) Tangshan, ________ caused a lot of damage. ______ less than one minute, a large city ____________________. ______ great number of people who were killed or badly ____________(injure) was more than 400,0000. Nearly everything _______________(destroy) .About 75 _____________ the city’s factories and buildings were gone. The tracks were useless pieces of ___________. Water, food and electricity were hard _________(get). But hope was not lost. The army sent soldiers to dig out those _________(trap) and to _________________. Workers built ___________for survivors. Slowly, the city began to _____________again. In addition, Tangshan started to ______________.Thanks to the strong support from the government and ____________________of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built. Tangshan city has ___________to China and the rest of the world that __________________ , people must ___________ and show the __________to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
课堂合作探究：
Part1 Words:
1. flood
n. 洪水；大量in flood: (河水) 上涨，泛滥a flood of complaints: 大量投诉
v.淹没，大量涌入 flood in/into/ out of sth: 大量涌入/涌出 flood…with…使充满
1)Telephone came ___________________ from all over the country.
2)The office _________________________applications for the job.
3）The river is _______________________because of the heavy rain.
2.rescue: 【原句背诵】____________________________________________________
v. rescue sb. from sth: 把…从… 营救出来
n. come to one’s rescue=rescue sb. rescue workers/teams/operations: 救援人员/队/工作
1) The children _________________________the sinking boat by a passing ship.
2)A___________________risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped in the mountains for two days.
3)When we were trapped in ruins, the soldiers ______________________(赶来救援)
3.damage【原句背诵】_____________________________________________________
v. damage one’s health: 损害某人的健康
n.不可数cause/do damage to…:对…造成损害 n. damages: 赔偿金
1) The accident _________________________my car, but it’s nothing serious.
2)My car _____________________ in an accident, so I have to buy a new one.
3)As we all know, smoking can ________________________________(抽烟会损害我我们的健康)
4)He was ordered to pay damages totaling $30,000.(英译汉) _________________________________________________________________
4. affect 【原句背诵】_____________________________________________________
v. affect sb./sth:影响某人/某物 be greatly/deeply affected by…被深深打动
n. effect have an/ a great/no effect on…对…有/很大/没有影响
come into/take effect:生效，起作用 side effect: 副作用 in effect: 实际上，事实上
1)With the government’s help, those____________(affect)by the earthquake have rebuilt their houses.
2)Most people present at the meeting _________________________his speech.(被他的演讲深深打动了)
3)The new law has_________________________; surely it will ___________________________________(影响) the industry of the country.
5.shelter【原句背诵】_____________________________________________________
n. 1)不可数名词：居所；庇护 under the shelter of:在…的庇护下 2）可数名词：庇护；收容所，庇护所 set up/build a shelter: 建个避难所
v. shelter… from…保护…免受…; shelter from…躲避…
1)Tired, we had a rest______ ______ _______ ______ a big tree.
2)Trees ____________the house __________the wind.
3)We sat under a big tree,____________________(躲避)the sun.
6.keen adj. 渴望的；喜爱的/对…着迷的; 浓厚的
be keen to do sth/be keen on doing sth: 渴望/热衷于做某事
be keen on sb/sth/on doing sth: 喜爱某人/某事/做某事
take a keen interest in sth:对…很感兴趣
John _____________________________________(热衷于帮助别人)
2)______________________________________________(他喜欢吃面条)
3）He___________________________________________music(他对音乐很感兴趣)
7. ruin 【原句背诵】______________________________________________
n. be/ lie in ruins: 成为废墟
v. ruin one’s health/fame/future:毁坏某人的健康/名誉/前途 ruin sb./sth:毁坏某人/某物
1) The whole city ____________________ after the earthquake, which made us awake all night.
2) Heavy smoking____________________________, so you should give up smoking.
3)To our disappointment, the bad weather_______________our trip.
辨析：ruin, damage, destroy_____________________________________________
8. bury【原句背诵】____________________________________________________
bury oneself in/be buried in…埋头于/专心于… bury one’s face/head in one’s hands: 双手掩面/抱头 bury one’s feelings 隐藏感情
1) Soldiers buried the dead with sadness after the earthquake. (英译汉) ______________________________________________________________
2) My father _____________________________________a book when I walked into the room.(当我走进房间时，父亲正在专心读书)
3) ___________________________his work(埋头工作), he forgot to have dinner.
9. shock【原句背诵】____________________________________________
n. in shock: 震惊，吃惊 a shock to sb.令某人震惊的一件事 electric shock:触电/电休克 culture shock: 文化冲击
v. shock sb.使某人震惊
adj. shocked: be shocked to do sth: 对做某事感到震惊 be shocked at/by sth: 对…感到震惊 shocking:令人震惊的
1)The news of his death ____________________________(令我们很震惊)
2) We__________________________________(听到这个消息很震惊) so many people were killed and injured in Wenchuan earthquake
3)People were ___________ to see the little girl was often by her stepmother. The _____________ news ___________all the people around, which was also ____ _______ to her father who was working abroad.
10.effort: 【原句背诵】______________________________________________
n. make efforts/an effort to do sth:努力做某事 spare no effort(s) to do sth: 不遗余力做某事
1)If it is a matter of life and death, we should __________________________(不遗余力去解决它)
2)You all should _____________________________ improve your spoken English.
11. suffer: 【原句背诵】______________________________________________
vt.遭受，蒙受 suffer pain/defeat/ poverty/ hunger/damage/ a loss :遭受痛苦/失败/贫困/饥饿/破坏/损失
vi. suffer from… 受…之苦；患…病 n. suffering : 苦难，痛苦； 让人痛苦的事（常用复数）
1) As far as I know, he is _____________________ a serious illness.
2)The car _______ _______ _______ in the accident.(汽车在事故中遭到了严重破坏)
3)The old man is said to have experienced lots of ________(suffer) during the war.
12.supply: 【原句背诵】______________________________________________
n. 【pl.】 补给品，日用必需品 【U】供应，补给【C】供应量 food/water/gas/electricity supply:食物/水/煤气/电供给in short supply:短缺have a good supply of…:备有很多
v. supply sth to sb. 向某人提供某物 supply sb. with sth: 给某人供应某物
1) The hospital promises to __________ people______ the best possible medical care.
The hospital promises to ___________the best possible medical care ________people.
2)I’d like to know the reason why the milk is _______________ in this area now.
13.survive 【原句背诵】______________________________________________
survive from sth:从…存活下来/生存下来 survive on sth: 靠…维持生活
survive sth:艰难度过/挺过… n. survivor 幸存者 survival: 幸存，存活
Some strange customs _____________________________(有些奇怪的风俗是从早年留存下来的)
2）I can’t __________________$40 a week.
3) Many birds didn’t ____________________________ (很多鸟死于寒冬)
14.crash【原句背诵】______________________________________________
Vt.&vi. crash a car/bus:撞汽车/公共汽车 crash into/onto…撞到…
n.a car/plane crash: 撞车事故/飞机失事 with a crash: 轰隆一声
1) A lot of passengers were killed in __________________(很多旅客在火车相撞事故中丧生了)
2)The car _________________ a big stone and burst into flames.
3) The tree fell_______________ all of a sudden.(突然，那棵树哗啦一声倒了下来)
15.calm【原句背诵】______________________________________________
adj. stay/keep/remain calm:保持镇静
v. calm (sb.) down: (使某人)平静下来，镇静下来
1)Moved by what she said, he could hardly ______________________.
2)The child was crying, so the nurse had got to give him some toys to_______________________.
3)Don’t be nervous! _________________(保持镇静)even when you are in the face of danger.
辨析：calm, still, quiet, silent
You should stay _______________ even in an emergency.
Could you keep the kids ____________ while I’m on the phone?
Keep______________. The photographer is ready.
He was ____________for a moment, and then began his answer.
16.aid
n. first aid: 急救 first aid kit 急救箱 come to one’s aid: 帮某人的忙 in aid of…为了帮助… with the aid/help of…在…的帮助下
v. aid sb. in (doing) sth/with sth: 帮助某人(做)某事 aid sb. to do sth
1)They ______________________________________ the new environment.(他们帮我适应新的环境)
2）____________________ the computer, he worked out the problem.
3)The president approved (批准) the plan__________________ these homeless children.
4)The girl is badly injured. You’d better _________________________(对…实施急救) her before taking her to hospital.
17.wave
n. a wave of:一阵 v. wave goodbye to sb.: 向某人挥手道别
1)She was so angry that she didn’t _______________________us.
2)The news set off _____________________panic(惊慌).
18.strike: struck, struck
Write down the meaning of the word “strike” in the following sentences:
The visitors were struck by the beauty of the West lake.________________
That area was struck by a snowstorm.______________________
When the clock strikes six, the children go home for dinner._________________-
They were on strike for higher pays._____________________
As I watched them, an idea struck me.____________________
19.deliver: 【原句背诵】______________________________________________
deliver sth (to sb.):递送/传送某物给某人 deliver a speech: 发表演讲
deliver a baby :接生 be delivered of a baby=give birth to a baby: 生孩子
n. delivery
1)Our headmaster _______________________________yesterday.(我们的校长昨天发表了一个鼓舞人心的演讲)
2） You promised to ____________the goods ________us, but we haven’t seen any of them yet.
20. power【原句背诵】_________________________________________
n. have the power to do sth:具有做某事的能力 out of/beyond one’s power:超出某人的能力 come to power: 上台/执政 nuclear/ wind/ solar power 核/风/太阳能
a power failure: 停电
v. 驱动，推动（机器或车辆） adj. powerful 强有力的，强大的
1)As is known to all,____________________________(知识就是力量
2) With years’ hard practice, he now ______________________ the action perfectly.
3)The aircraft is powered by a jet plane.(英译汉)__________________________
4）A strong and_______________ China will certainly benefit the whole world.
Part2: phrases:
1. as if【原句背诵】______________________________________________
as if 引导方式状语从句，从句可用陈述语气 ，但更常用的是as if 引导的从句用虚拟语气，表示所述的情况与事实不符，as if 从句的谓语构成如下:如与现在事实不符,从句谓语用过去式（be 动词用were）， 与过去事实不符， had+过去分词；与将来事实不符，would/could/might+动词原形
It seemed as if +从句：看来好像 as if to do sth:好像要做某事
Look at the dark clouds in the sky! ___________________________(看起来好像要下雨)
He treats me as if I _________(be) his own daughter.
He kept working as if nothing_________________(happen).
He opened his mouth ____________________________(好像要说什么)
2.sweep away【原句背诵】_________________________________________
sweep sth away: 消灭，彻底消除 sweep up: 清扫，打扫 sweep sb. up: 一把抱起某人 sweep sth aside: 对…置之不理，不理会
Doubts have been _______________________.
The old man was ________________as I left the building.
All their advice was _________________________.
The father swept the little girl up into his arms.(英译汉) __________________________________________________________
3. on hand【原句背诵】_________________________________________
on hand 现有（尤指帮助）at hand:在手边，很快发生的 by hand 用手工 hand in hand 手拉手，密切联系
v. hand in:交上 hand out:分发 hand over:移交
I’m sorry we don’t have any of the kind _______________.(我们目前没有这种东西)
I always keep a dictionary _______________.
Technology and business strategy go __________________(相辅相成)
I’m supposed to ________________________yesterday.(昨天我就应该把我的作业交上去)
Part3: sentence patterns:
Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.
looking for place to hide: 现在分词短语做伴随状语
1) He sat at the desk ________________(读小说)
2) They left the classroom,_______________________(又唱又跳)
2.Water, food and electricity were hard to get.
主语+be +adj.+to do 句型，该句型中的形容词多为表示主语的性质、特征的词，如easy, difficult, hard, comfortable, important等,使用时要注意以下几点：
句子的主语和动词不定式是被动关系，不定式主动形式表被动含义
该句子的主语和动词不定式构成动宾关系
3）如果动词不定式是不及物动词，在不定式动词后加上适当的介词
4）动词不定式有时有自己的逻辑主语
1) 这个人很容易相处_____________________________________
2)这个房子住起来很舒服__________________________________
3)The lecture was hard _____________________________(那个讲座对于他们来说很难理解)
3. Thousands of children were left without parents.
leave sb. +宾语补足语（介词短语/名词/形容词/副词/分词/不定式）“使某人处于…”
One more question and I’ll leave you in peace.(英译汉) _____________________________________________
What you said _________________________(你说的话使我们陷入沉思)
Don’t _______________________ outside in the rain.(别让她在外面雨里一直等)
4. I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
be doing…when…正在做…这时…
be about to do…when…./be on the point of doing…when…:正要做…这时
had (just)done… when…:刚做完…这时
1)_____________________________________someone broke in.(我们正在开会，突然有人闯了进来)
2) We ___________________________________ it began to rain.(我们正打算动身，这时天下起雨来)
3) I___________________________ the telephone rang.(我刚刚上床睡觉，这时电话铃响了)
5. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.
The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.
The army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
定语从句练习
1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.
A. that B. who C. whom D. this
2. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher.
A. who m B. which C. who D. /
3. The girl _____ you saw in the street is Mary.
A. that B. whose C. which D. as
4. Is this the factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?
A. the one B. which C. who D. whom
5. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.
A. which B. that C. / D. it
6. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police.
A. which B. in which C. that D. all
7. _____ cleans the blackboard should be praised.
A. That B. Who C. The one who D. The students who
8. Please show me the book _____ you bought yesterday.
A. which B. whom C. whose D. this
9.This is the best book _____ I have been looking for all this year.
A. who B. whom C. which D. /
10. The man _____ was here just now is a doctor.
A. whom B. who C. / D. he
11. The boy _____ has two lovely dogs.
A. who live next door B. which lives next door
C. whom lives next door D. that lives next door
12. Those _____ made no mistakes in today’s exercises please raise your hands.
A. which B. whom C. that D. who
13. Is this the shop _____ sells children’s clothing?
A. which B. where C. in which D. what
14. He is the most careful boy _____ I know.
A. what B. which C. as D. ./
15. October 1, 1949 is the day _____ we’ll never forget.
A. when B. that C. where D. in which