新教材2019-2020学年上学期高一英语寒假精练4 Unit 3 Sports and fitness

一、单词拼写
1.
The
two
players____________________(竞争)
with
each
other
for
a
gold
medal.
2.
Wang
collected
more
than
____________________(百万)
old
bricks
of
different
ages.
3.
Tom
was
caught___________________(作弊)
in
the
Chinese
exam.
4.
The
new
song
is
popular
with
the____________________(听众).
5.
You
will
want
to
continue
to
focus
on
___________________(积极的)
choices.
6.
Because
Mary
is
on
a
diet,
she
is
becoming
_________________(苗条)
than
before.
7.
According
to
the
doctor,
_______________(慢跑)
is
good
for
our
heart.
8.
The
little
girl
can’t
fall
asleep
because
of
too
much_____________(压力).
9.
I
like
volleyball
and
(体操),
which
I
do
most
of
the
year.
10.
She
has
always
been
encouraged
to
swim
to
build
up
the
(力量)
of
her
muscles.
二、单项选择
11.
When
the
boss
came
in,
the
workers
pretended
______
hard
on
their
machines.
A.
to
work
B.
to
be
working
C.
to
have
worked
D.
working
12.
To
my
surprise,
my
aunt
Diane
is
________
a
chemistry
teacher,
she
is
also
interested
in
modern
art.
A.
other
than
B.
more
than
C.
less
than
D.
rather
than
13.
The
teacher’s
voice
still
remained
calm
______
she
was
getting
annoyed.
A.
as
long
as
B.
even
if
C.
as
if
D.
now
that
14.
Keep
on
trying
even
when
you
are
in
trouble,
________
A.
will
you
B.
do
you
C.
shall
you
D.
can’t
you
15.
You
look
very
tired
and
you
must
have
been
preparing
for
the
coming
examination
yesterday
evening,
_________
you
A.
didn’t
you
B.
haven’t
C.
weren’t
D.
hadn’t
16.
Don’t
mention
that
at
the
beginning
of
the
story,
or
it
may
_____
the
shocking
end.
A.
give
out
B.
give
away
C.
give
up
D.
give
off
17.
Sorry,
dear.
It’s
my
_____to
have
you
take
tablets
by
____.
A.
mistake;
error
B.
fault;
mistake
C.
error;
fault
D.
fault;
error
18.
When
you
meet
with
difficulties,
don’t
lose
heart!
Everything
will
all
right
in
the
end.
A.
go
out
B.
work
out
C.
fall
out
D.
figure
out
19.
Compare
your
answers
______
these
questions
_____
those
of
your
classmates.
A.
to,
with
B.
with,
to
C.
to,
to
D.
with,
with
20.
—You
must
have
known
each
other
for
ages
________
—No.
I
got
to
know
him
just
yesterday.
A.
mustn’t
you
B.
didn’t
you
C.
don’t
you
D.
haven’t
you
三、翻译
21.如果你定期锻炼，你一定会减肥的。(work
out;
lose
weight)
22.在锻炼的时候，即使我们遇到了困难，我们也不能放弃。(even
if；work
out)
23.如果我们有信心，我们一定能成功。（make
it）
24.经常锻炼的人可以保持身体健康。（keep
fit）
25.许多运动员面对失败不灰心，给我们做出了好的榜样。（lose
heart;
set
an
example）
四、阅读理解
A
Running
and
walking
are
both
excellent
forms
of
exercise.
Those
who
regularly
do
either
usually
have
healthier
hearts,
stronger
bones
and
lower
body
weights
than
those
who
do
little
exercise.
But
does
it
matter
whether
you
spend
time
walking
or
running
Arguments
can
be
made
for
both,
and
which
is
right
for
you
depends
on
your
goals
and
your
present
fitness
level.
“The
key
difference
between
running
and
walking
is
how
many
calories
you
are
burning—not
per
mile,
but
per
minute
of
exercise,”
says
Paul
D.
Thompson,
a
doctor
at
Hartford
Hospital.
“Running
is
a
more-efficient(高效的)
movement
and
it’s
more
demanding
on
the
body,
so
it
burns
more
calories
per
minute,”
Thompson
says.
“But
if
you’ve
got
the
time
to
walk
long
enough
to
burn
the
same
amount
of
calories,
then
walking
is
fine.”
That
said,
if
your
final
goal
is
to
lose
weight,
chances
are
that
neither
running
nor
walking
alone
is
going
to
do
the
trick.
Research
has
shown
that
it
needs
to
be
done
along
with
calorie
control.
In
a
recent
study
that
analyzed
data
from
nearly
50,000
people,
researchers
found
that
runners’
risk
of
heart
disease
was
4.5
percent
lower
than
that
of
those
who
were
inactive.
But
walkers
who
burned
the
same
amount
of
calories
daily
had
a
risk
level
that
was
9
percent
lower
than
those
who
were
inactive.
“Running
gets
the
reputation(名声)
for
causing
injuries
because
many
people
who
are
just
starting
to
run
try
to
do
too
much
too
quickly,”
says
Carol
Ewing
Garber,
a
professor
at
Columbia
University.
“And
they
often
get
injured
as
a
result.
If
you
want
to
progress
from
walking
to
running,
do
it
slowly,
gradually
increasing
your
speed,
distance
and
the
frequency
of
your
runs.
Running
may
be
more
highly-intense(高强度的)
and
calorie-burning
than
walling,
but
walking
is
a
great
way
to
ease
into
exercise
and
make
sure
you
are
staying
physically
active
every
day.
The
bottom
line
is
that
getting
exercise
of
any
kind
is
beneficial—if
you
keep
doing
it.
“The
best
exercise
is
the
one
you
are
going
to
do,”
Thompson
says.
“There
are
extra
benefits
to
be
gained
from
running,
but
what’s
most
important
from
a
public
health
point
of
view
is
that
everyone
gets
out
and
does
some
kind
of
exercise.”
26.
What
can
we
infer
from
Paragraph
2
A.
Exercise
on
its
own
is
not
enough
to
lose
weight.
B.
Walking
is
better
than
running
for
busy
people.
C.
Running
can
reduce
people’s
fat
quickly
and
safely.
D.
Walking
is
more
demanding
on
the
body.
27.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
recent
study
A.
Running
burns
fewer
calories
than
walking.
B.
Walkers
are
more
likely
to
get
heart
disease
than
runners.
C.
Walking
can
reduce
the
risk
of
having
heart
disease.
D.
Inactive
people
are
free
from
heart
problems.
28.
Which
of
the
following
would
Thompson
most
probably
agree
with
A.
We’d
better
walk
slowly.
B.
Just
walk
before
you
run.
C.
We’d
better
choose
to
run.
D.
Any
exercise
is
better
than
none.
B
Rock
climbing
is
not
just
for
grown-ups.
Your
children
can
also
enjoy
this
fun-filled
activity
as
well
as
getting
its
advantages.
Aside
from
its
heart-health
benefit,
it
is
also
known
to
increase
their
self-confidence
and
esteem(尊重).
While
it
may
not
be
an
impromptu(即兴的)
activity
like
running
or
biking,
there
are
many
climbing
walls
that
are
now
available,
especially
with
the
development
of
fitness
centers
and
camps.
The
great
thing
about
having
your
kids
join
these
activities
is
that
it
follows
up
on
their
natural
quality.
As
you
know,
children
are
natural
climbers.
You
can
see
them
going
up
on
trees
or
climbing
tall
ladders.
With
rock
climbing,
you
can
satisfy
their
urges
to
be
a
climber.
What’s
more,
it
is
fairly
easy
for
the
kids
compared
with
adults.
With
a
high
strength-to-weight
rate,
they
have
less
body
weight
to
pull
up,
and
they
are
more
flexible(灵活的).
It
is
also
a
low-impact
workout
that
tests
your
children’s
endurance(耐性).
It’s
easy
on
their
joints(关节)
as
they
burn
energy
during
their
ascent.
In
addition,
climbing
walls
are
like
giant
puzzles
begging
to
be
solved.
Not
only
does
it
test
the
physical
aspects
of
your
children’s
development,
but
it
also
wakes
their
mental
abilities.
This
exercise
also
helps
develop
your
children’s
essential
strength
and
flexibility.
Kids
are
challenged
physically
as
they
pull,
lift,
stretch,
and
twist
their
way
up.
This
activity
also
develops
their
eye-hand
coordination(协调)
as
they
perform
their
climb.
Almost
anyone
can
do
it
although
it
may
vary
in
skill
level,
namely
beginner,
intermediate,
or
advanced.
But
despite
its
reputation
as
an
extreme
sport,
children
can
do
this.
One
does
not
need
to
be
super-fit
to
join
a
rock
climbing
class.
However,
good
technique
is
more
necessary
than
strength
when
doing
this
sport.
29.
When
it
comes
to
climbing,
compared
with
children,
adults
______.
A.
find
it
much
easier
B.
must
bear
more
body
weight
C.
have
a
higher
weight-to-strength
rate
D.
follow
up
more
on
their
natural
quality
30.
The
underlined
word
“ascent”
in
Paragraph
4
can
be
replaced
by
“______”.
A.
test
B.
climb
C.
challenge
D.
improvement
31.
What
may
the
next
paragraph
talk
about
after
this
passage
A.
What
technique
children
need
to
climb
rocks.
B.
What
more
advantages
climbing
has
for
children.
C.
How
much
strength
people
need
to
climb
rocks.
D.
What
training
classes
there
are
to
teach
children.
一、单词拼写
【答案】
1.
competed
2.
million
3.
cheating
4.
audience
5.
positive
6.
slimmer
7.
jogging
8.
stress
9.
gymnastics
10.
strength
二、单项选择
11.【答案】B
【解析】考查固定结构。句意：老板进来时，工人们假装在机器上努力工作。固定结构：pretend
to
be
doing
sth.“假装正在做某事”。故选B。
12.【答案】B
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，我的黛安娜阿姨不仅是一名化学老师，她还对现代艺术感兴趣。A.
other
than除了，不同于；B.
more
than超过，不仅是；C.
less
than不超过；D.
rather
than而不是，宁可。根据句意可知选B。
13.【答案】B
【解析】考查连词词义辨析。A.
as
long
as只要；B.
even
if尽管；C.
as
if
好像；D.
now
that既然。句意：尽管老师生气了，但她的声音仍然很平静。根据前后两句的句意可知，它们是让步关系，因此用even
if引导让步状语从句。故选B。
14.【答案】A
【解析】考查反意疑问句。当陈述部分为祈使句，其反义疑问句常用will
you,
won’t
you,
would
you等。Would表示有礼貌的请求，will语气直率，won’t
you语气则更加强烈。选项中没有其他两项，故选A。句意：当你在困境的时候也要努力，好吗？
15.【答案】C
【解析】当陈述部分带有情态动词must表示“必须”时，疑问部分用mustn’t或needn’t。但若表推测时，不能用must，而要根据陈述部分must之后的动词而定。该句子中有明确的过去时间，反意疑问部分要用didn’t
+主语，
故本题中选C。
16.【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A.
give
out分发；B.
give
away泄露；C.
give
up放弃；D.
give
off发出（光）。句意：不要在故事的开头提到它，否则会泄露令人震惊的结局。根据“the
shocking
end”可知，此处表示“泄露”，故B项正确。
17.【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对不起，让你服错了药是我的过错。fault，强调过错，过失，多指小错误。by
mistake错误地，所以B正确。
18.【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词组。A.
go
out
出去；B.
work
out解决；C.
fall
out失和，脱落；D.
figure
out理解，弄清。当你遇到困难的时候不要丧失信心，最后一切都会好起来的。故选B。
19.【答案】A
【解析】考查介词。句意：把你的答案和你那些同学的答案比较一下。短语answers
to
questions“问题的答案”，需用介词to连接，故排除B、D选项；句子主干是“compare
sth.
with
sth.
”比较两个对应的物，应用介词with，故选A。
20.【答案】D
【解析】考查反义疑问句。句意：——你们一定认识很久了，不是吗 ——不。我昨天才认识他。当must表示推测，疑问部分应根据must后的动词结构采用相应的动词形式。故选D。
三、翻译
【答案】
21.
If
you
work
out
regularly,
you
will
lose
weight.
22.
Even
if
we
meet
difficulties
in
working
out,
we
shouldn’t
give
up.
23.
If
we
have
determination,
we
will
make
it.
24.
A
person
who
takes
exercise
regularly
will
keep
fit.
25.
Many
athletes
don’t
lose
heart
facing
difficulties
and
set
good
examples
for
us.
四、阅读理解
A
【答案】26-28
ACD
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了跑步和散步都是很好的锻炼方式。那些经常锻炼的人通常比那些很少锻炼的人心脏更健康，骨骼更强壮，体重更轻。但是你花时间走路还是跑步哪个更好，哪一种适合你取决于你的目标和你目前的健康水平。
26.
推理判断题。根据第二段中“That
said,
if
your
final
goal
is
to
lose
weight,
chances
are
that
neither
running
nor
walking
alone
is
going
to
do
the
trick.
Research
has
shown
that
it
needs
to
be
done
along
with
calorie
control.”（也就是说，如果你的最终目标是减肥，那么很有可能无论是跑步还是步行都无法达到减肥的目的。研究表明，这需要和控制卡路里同时进行。）可知锻炼本身不足以减肥。故选A。
27.
细节理解题。根据第三段“But
walkers
who
burned
the
same
amount
of
calories
daily
had
a
risk
level
that
was
9
percent
lower
than
those
who
were
inactive.”（但是，每天消耗相同热量的步行者的风险水平比不运动的人低9%。）可知散步可以降低患心脏病的风险。故选C。
28.
推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“There
are
extra
benefits
to
be
gained
from
running,
but
what’s
most
important
from
a
public
health
point
of
view
is
that
everyone
gets
out
and
does
some
kind
of
exercise.”（“跑步还有额外的好处，但从大众健康的角度来看，最重要的是每个人都出去做一些运动。”）可知汤普森最可能同意有运动总比没有好。故选D。
B
【答案】29-31
BBA
【解析】本文为一篇说明文。介绍了孩子攀岩的好处。
29.细节理解题。根据第三段“What’s
more,
it
is
fairly
easy
for
the
kids
compared
with
adults.
With
a
high
strength-to-weight
rate,
they
have
less
body
weight
to
pull
up,
and
they
are
more
flexible(灵活的).”可知，孩子们重量强度比比成年人高，攀爬时承受更小的体重，因此成年人攀岩时需要承受更大的体重。故选B项。
30.词义猜测题。根据第四段后文“In
addition,
climbing
walls
are
like
giant
puzzles
begging
to
be
solved.”可知，前句也在描述攀爬，故猜测“ascent”与“climb”为“攀岩”。故选B项。
31.推理判断题。根据最后一句“However,
good
technique
is
more
necessary
than
strength
when
doing
this
sport.”可知接下来要讲technique。故选A项。