八年级上学期英语复习教案（U3-U4）

八年级上学期英语复习教案（U3-U4）

【同步知识梳理】

【Unit3】

一、重点单词与短语
1. 辨析：join,take part in与join in
【考点聚焦】(1)join指加入某个党派、团体、组织等，并成为其成员之一。
She joined the Young Pioneers. 她加入了少年先锋队。
(2)take part in指参加会议或群众性活动等，着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。
We’ll take part in social practice during the summer vacation.暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。
(3)join in表示积极参加一群人从事的活动。
I’d like to join you in planting trees．我想和你们一起植树。
Will you join us in a walk? 你愿意和我们一起散步吗？
例题:
-Could you__—club?
-Sure．
A．join B．join in C．attend D．take part in
答案：A
2. I was asked to_______ the English Corner last week．
A．join B．take part C．attend D．take part in
答案：D
3. -Would you like to ______ us in playing games?
--Sure.
A. join in B. join C. take part in D. with
答案：B.

shine v. 照耀，发光
【过去式】shine
【词汇变形】shining adj. 发光的，照耀的
例题：It was a fine day yesterday. The sun ________ （shine）brightly in the sky.
答案：shone

3. arrive at 到达某地?
【经典例句】 At what time did you arrive at the station??
你是几点钟到达火车站的??
【考点聚焦】 辨析：reach，get与arrive
三者都可以表示“到达”。?
? arrive是不及物动词，后跟地点名词时常与介词in或at连用。表示到达国家、大城市时，要用介词in；到达村、镇、车站、机场等小地方的时候，要用介词at.
We can arrive at the train station at two o'clock.
我们能在两点钟抵达火车站。
I fell in love with the city as soon as I arrived in Dalian.
我一到大连就爱上了这个城市。
? get是不及物动词，其后须接介词to，多用于口语中。若接地点副词，则不用介词to。
Write to me when you get to Chongqing.
到了重庆给我写信。
I usually get home at half past five in the afternoon.
我通常下午五点半到家。
get和arrive有时可以换用，arrive和get后接地点副词如here，there 或home等时均不需带介词。
They can arrive/get there tomorrow．我们明天就能到那儿。
? reach是及物动词，其后直接跟宾语，一般不接地点副词。
He reached Shanghai last month．他是上个月到上海的。
例题：?
1. The foreigners arrived Shanghai late night.?
A.at;at B.in;at C.in;in D.at;in?
2. 从A、B、C、D中，选出1个与题中画线部分意义相同或相近的选项。
When did Mr Smith reach Shanghai??
get B.arrive C.arrived at D.arrive in
3. When we _______ the railway station, the train had left.
A.arrived at B. reached at C. arrived in D. got
4. --When will the train _____?
--- At about ten a.m.
A.arrive B. arrive in C. get D. reach to
答案：B; D;A; A
批注：需要通过相关的例子来帮助学生区分这三个词的用法，尤其当碰到“home，here，there”等词的时候，前面不加“to”，放于句末只能用“arrive”的情况等。

4. interest n.令人感兴趣的事（或人）；兴趣
【常用词组】a place of interest/ places of interest名胜古迹
【词汇变形】interest(名，动)-interested, interesting(形)
be interested in 对...感兴趣
【重要区分】interested和interesting的区别是经常出现的考点，一定要掌握它们在意义上的区别。interesting是指某人或者某物具有令其他人感到有趣的性质；而interested是指某人或者某物自身对其他的人或物产生了兴趣。简言之，interesting指性质和能力；而interested指一种情感状态。
我的记忆卡
英语中与上面讲到的用法相近的词还有?exciting→excited（激动）;amazing→amazed（惊奇）;surprising→surprised（奇怪）;pleasing→ pleased（高兴）;disappointing→disappointed（失望）；amusing→amused（有趣）;shocking→ shocked（震惊）;frightening→frightened（可怕）;astonishing→astonished（惊奇）
例题：用括号内所给词的适当形填空?
1. We are all (interest) in playing games.
答案：interested?
2. I want to see some places of ______ (interesting).
答案：interest

luckily adv. 幸运地
【反义词】unluckily adv. 不幸地
【词汇变形】luck n. 幸运 lucky adj. 幸运的 unlucky adj. 不幸的
例题：He got up late this morning, but _______ (luck)he reached school on time.
答案：luckily

helpless adj. 无助的
【拓展】helpful adj. 有帮助的，乐于助人的
例题：His advice is ______(help). We do it better now.
答案： helpful

7. useful, useless
【词汇变形】use vt. 使用---useful adj. 有用的/ useless adj. 无用的
例题：It’s _______ (use) to read without thinking.
答案：useless

8. take place发生（与happen同义）
take place与happen
take place常指经过安排才发生；happen指偶然发生。
The match takes place at South Hill School on Sunday.
这场比赛星期日在南山学校举行。
What happened to him? 他出什么事了？
例题:
The concert will _______ next Saturday．
A．take place B．happen C．be taken place D．be happened
答案]: A
批注：这两个词的区分相对还是比较明显的，需要注意的是happen表示偶然发生的事情，而take place 则表示在日程表内安排好的事情，两个词都没有被动语态。

9. 其他重要词组
1）it,one，that的区别。
① it指与前面已经提到的事物为同一物。简称“同类又同物”。
② one 指与前面提到事物为同类事物。简称“同类不同物”，属于泛指。复数形式是ones.
③ that指与前面提到事物为同类事物。简称“同类不同物”，但属于特指。复数形式是those.
例题：
The actors in this film played better than _______ in that film.
those B. that C. it D. this
Could you record the football for me? I can watch ______ later.
it B. one C. this D. that
3. Your coat is beautiful. I want to buy ______ .
A. it B. one C. this D. that
答案：A; A; B

2） need to do sth.
3) keep fit=keep healthy
4) come on 加油；快点；得了吧
5) enjoy oneself =have a good(nice,wonderful,great..)time=have fun (注意后面加动词ing形式)
6) take a boat trip
take a trip to+地点名词
7) (常考点)be made of, be made from, be made in, be made by, be made for, be made in 辨析
注意：提醒学生这里made不是过去式，而是用来表被动的，所以只有be动词和made后的介词会变化。
例题：
1. The bed is made _______ bamboo.
A. from B.of C. with D.by
答案：B.
The big bridge is _____ (make) of stone and wood.
答案：made

8) invite sb. to do sth.
invite sb. to +地点名词
9) a lot of traffic=much traffic=heavy traffic(注意traffic是不可数名词)
10） can’t/couldn’t wait to do sth.
11） get on, get off （注意代词不用放中间）
例题：
This is my car. ______,please. Let’s go to school together.
A. Get it on B. Get on it C.Get it off D. Get off it
答案：B.

12) not believe one’s eyes
13）（常考点）amazed与amazing的辨析（注意与bored,boring放在一起讲解）
14) （常考点） too much, too many, much too 的辨析（两两配对讲解）
例题：
Paul took ______exercise after school. He needed a good rest.
much too B.too much C. too many D. many too
答案：B.

15)forget to do sth., forget doing sth. 的辨析（可以和stop的用法一起讲）
例题：Don’t forget _____ (tell ) her the news when you see her.
答案：to tell

16） cheer for
17) singing and dancing show
18) with one’s support
19) a group of +数字
20） the cost of (这里cost是名词)
21) plan a day out
22) per student
23) best wishes to sb. for sth.
24) the top of ...

二：重点句型
问长宽高的句型及其答句？
1）长度：How long...? 数词+单位词+long
2）宽度：How wide...? 数词+单位词+wide
3）高度：How tall/high...? 数词+单位词+tall/high

2. It takes(took) sb.+一段时间+to do sth. 与spend... doing sth的转换
例题：
It took us about three days to get to Sydney by ship.（同义句转换）
We ______ about three days________ to Sydney by ship.
答案：spent; getting

hope句型
自己希望自己做某事：hope +（that）从句=hope to do.如：
We hope we can watch the match again.
=We hope to watch the match again.
希望别人做某事:只能使用hope +（that）从句，没有hope sb. to do sth. 如：
I hope he can become a doctor in the future. √
I hope him to become a doctor in the future. ×
例题：
I really hope you _______ a good football player.
be B. being C. to be D. can be
答案：D.

本单元要注意熟悉一些著名景点的英文名称以及它所在的国家名称。容易出现在单选中。
例题：
If you travel in Sydney,you can see _________.
the White House B. the Eiffel Tower
C. the Golden Gate Bridge D.the Harbour Bridge
Last year I went to _______ on business. I took a boat trip under the famous Harbour Bridge and went past the Opera House. How beautiful!
the USA B. France C.Australia D.Italy
答案：D; C


【Unit4】
一、重点单词与短语
1. instead of 而不是，代替
【辨析】instead 和instead of
①instead of 是介词短语，表示“代替，而不是”，后可加名词、代词、动名词和介词词组。
②instead 是副词，表示“代替，顶替”，需要在一定上下文中使用。一般位于句首或者句尾，但不能位于祈使句句首或句中。
例题：
I walked to work yesterday. I didn’t drive to work yesterday. (合并一句)
I walked _________ __________ ________ to work yesterday.
答案：instead of driving

terrible adj. 可怕的
【词汇变形】terribly adv. 可怕地，糟糕地
例题：The weather is ______________(terrible) hot here in summer.
答案：terribly

not only...but also...不仅...而且...; ...和...都
【常考点】连接主语时，谓语的单复数和第二个主语一致。简称“就近原则”。如：
Not only the students but also their teacher likes the film.
例题：
______ Lily______ Lucy is going swimming with you tomorrow.
A. Not only;but also B. Not only;and also C. Both;and D.Both;or
答案：A.

4. advise vt. &vi. 建议；忠告?
【词汇变形】advise(v.建议) →?advice(n.建议)
advise是动词，其名词形式是advice，是不可数名词。advice是不可数名词，没有复数形式。表示“一条建议”，要用a piece of advice;?
【常考词组】advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 advise sb. not to do sth. 建议某人不要做某事
例题：
--Where may you advise me _______ my business?
--I think Nanjing is a good place.
A. to start B. staring C. start D.started
答案：A.
5. certain adj. 确定的
【词汇变形】certainly adv. 确定地；肯定地
uncertain adj. 不确定的
【补充】本单元出现的正反义形容词归纳：
important-unimportant
comfortable-uncomfortable
patient-impatient
interesting-uninteresting
correct-incorrect
certain-uncertain
active-inactive
usual-unusual
polite-impolite
例题：
1. It’s _______(certain)whether（是否）the pop star will come or not.
答案：uncertain
2. It is _______ （polite）to come into the office without knocking at the door.
答案：impolite

another, other, the other，others的辨析
不定代词 意义 用法说明
other 另外的 只作定语，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用；但如果前面有the,this,that,some,any,each, every, no,one, my, your, his等时，则可与单数名词连用。
the other 两者中的另一个 常与one连用，构成“one...the other...”;作定语修饰复数名词时，表示“其余的全部”。
others 泛指别的人或物 是other的复数形式，泛指别的人或物（但不是全部），不能作定语；常与some连用，构成“some...others...”
the others 特指其余的人或物 是the other 的复数形式，特指其余所有的人或物。
another 任何一个，另一个 指三者或三者以上中的任何一个，即不确定数目当中的一个，用作形容词或代词。

例题：
There are some high buildings on ______ side of the river.
another B. other C. the other D.others
答案：C.

7. 其他重要词组
1） stand for
2) some paper roses（注意单复数在rose上面变）
3) a pair of scissors
4) be crazy about sth. /doing sth.
5) put up 举起，张贴，搭建
put down
put away
put on
put out
put off
6) make a mistake, make mistakes
7）fill ... with...
8）paint sth.+颜色
9) fail sth.
fail to do sth.
fail in doing sth.
10）so many/ few +可数名词复数
so much//little +不可数名词
11) cut...into...
12） right now=right away=at once
13) tidy up
14) some tomato sauce （tomato做定语修饰sauce，不变复数）
15) make sb. sth.=make sth. for sb.
16) plan to do sth.
17） make.. from...
make...out of...
18) go wrong
19) keep doing sth.
keep sth. +形容词： keep it secret


二、重点句型
1. (交际用语常考)“All right.” “That’s right.” “That’s all right.”辨析
注：“That’s all right.”有两含义，一是没关系，二是不用谢。

2. (交际用语常考)No probelm.
1）回答道歉，“没什么”
2）愉快的答应请求，“小事一桩”
3）表示有能力做某事，“没问题，不在话下”
例题：
--Can you help me look after my cat next week?
--_______. !
A.No problem B. That’s right C.It doesn’t matter D. You’re welcome
答案：A.

It sounds lovely.
[注意]此处的lovely虽然以ly结尾，但它不是副词是形容词，以内sound作为感官系动词，后面需加形容词。
例题：
---I am going to make a kite.
---It sounds _______ .
friendly B. lovely C. beautifully D. well
答案：B.

It’s time for +名词.
It’s time to +动词原形+其他.
[注]两者可以相互转换。





【同步语法梳理】
1.反身代词
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数
myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself/herself/itself themselves
（1）作动词或介词的宾语：经常在enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce, seat, dress, express, amuse, behave等动词和by, for, to, of等介词后作宾语。通常表示反身代词与句中的主语是同一人。它在句中作宾语，不能省略，否则该句是一个意义不完整的错句。如：
He is teaching herself English.她在自学英语。
She was talking to herself.她自言自语。
He lives by himself in the country.他独自住在乡下。
（2）作主语或宾语的同位语：主要起加强语气的作用，译作“亲自，本身，本人”。如：
Did you make the cake yourself?这蛋糕是你亲自做的吗?(yourself作主语you的同位语)
The work itself is easy.这工作本身很容易。(itself作主语the work的同位语)
Did you see Mr. Wang himself?你见过王先生本人吗？(himself作宾语Mr. Wang的同位语)
（3）作表语：在be, feel, look, seem等系动词后作表语，表示身体或精神状态处于正常。如：
I’m not myself today.今天我感觉不舒服。
I am feeling myself again.我觉得健康如昔。

2. 祈使句讲解
一、祈使句：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句. 祈使句的作用是要求、请求或命令、劝告、建议别人做或不做一件事。祈使句的句末一般用感叹号，但是有些祈使句的语气较弱，可以用句号结尾
　　祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，例：Go and wash your hands. 例如：保持肃静！　Be kind to our sister. Watch your steps. 表示禁止的句式有：不准、不要、别、No parking.
二、表现形式
●肯定结构:
1. Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。如:Please have a seat here.
　　有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. 。
2. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!
3. Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
●否定结构:
1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don\'t构成，如:Don\'t forget me! Don\'t be late for school! 2. Let型的否定式有两种:“Don\'t + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。如:Don\'t let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
3. 有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!
用"let"的祈使句时，必须注意下列几点：
1、"let" 的否定句有二。如果宾语是第三人称用"Don't let....."；如果宾语是第一人称，则用"Let......not" ：
　　Don't let this type of things happen again.
　　It's raining now. Let's not go out until after the rain.
2、"Let"只适用于现在时态，可以有被动语态 (the passive voice)，如：
　　 Let the recalcitrant criminals be sent to prison.
　　Let all the dedicated capable staff be promoted.
3、"Let"后头除了是不带"to"的不定式动词 (The infinitive without "to")之外，还可以是某些适当的副词，如out, in, down, alone等：
　　 Let the puppy out.
　　Open the windows and let the fresh air in.
　　The room is too sunny. Let the blinds down.
　　Let me alone, please.
用"Let\'s"时，把谈话者的对象包括在内；用"Let us"时，并不包括对方，如：
　　Let's try it, shall we?
　　Let us do it by ourselves, will you?
三．祈使句与并列连词and与or 连用时可以表示条件。
Work harder, and you will catch up with your classmates.



【巩固练习】
选择题
1.—Sandy, your father is sleeping. You’d better __________. —Sorry, I won’t.
A. not to wake up him B. not wake him up
C. not to wake him up D. not wake up him
2.Will you help me ______________ the picture _______________ the wall?
A. put on, over B. put in, on C. put up, on D. put away, on
3.---Shall we talk about it in English? ---____________? Let’s do it right away.
A. Why not B. Will we C. Are you D. Do we
4.---Can you help me repair my bike? ---- ___________. I am coming.
A. Of course not B. Thank you C. No problem D. You are welcome
5.The room is _________ lots of people.
A. fill with B. filled with C. full with D. filled of
6. He is not tired. He_____ have a rest.
A. needs not B. not need C. needn’t to D. doesn’t need to
7. Thank you for______ to let me______ on the trip.
A. agree to B. agreeing, going C. agreeing, go D. agree, go
8. I think this story book is ________ than that one.
A. fun B. funny C. more funny D. funnier
9. The trip from the school______ about half an hour by coach. It was too______.
A. spends, bored B. takes, bored C. spent, boring D. took, boring
10. Here comes the school bus. Let’s______ , children.
A. get on it B. get it on C. get it off D. get off them
根据句意、首字母及汉语提示写出相应的单词
Obama(奥巴马) is selected to be the P________ of the USA.
We can learn a lot about Chinese c__________.
3. The world ___________ (it) is becoming smaller and smaller because of the Internet.
4. We love our world. Our world is c__________
5. Let’s do what we can (help) them.
6. What____________should I use to plant the tree? (工具)
7. It is ________that the meeting will begin at 3 this afternoon. (确信)
8. After ________the meeting, Mr. Blake hurried to the hospital to see his father.（出席，参加）
9. I don’t know the word. Would you mind ________it? (拼写)
10. Can you think of a good way of ________ the picture on the wall ? (粘贴)
翻译句子
Millie 建议我用一些玫瑰来装饰蛋糕。
______________________________________________
周末，那个大型购物中心里满是人。
_____________________________________________
医生建议我的爷爷为了保持健康戒烟戒酒。
________________________________ _______
4. 那些模型看上去和家乡的一样棒。
__________________________________________________
5. 就在一天内我们就能看见世界上的主要景点。
____________________________________________________


BCACB DCDDA
1. President 2.culture 3.itself 4.colourful 5.to help
6.tools 7.certain 8.attending 9. spelling 10.sticking
1.Millie advises/ advised me to decorate the cake with some roses.
2.At the weekend, the large shopping mall is filled with/ full of people.
3.The doctor advised my grandfather to give up smoking and drinking to keep healthy.
4.The models looked as great as the one back home.
5.We saw the main sights of the world in just one day.