人教版新课标高中必修五 Unit 4　Making the news 单元测试 含答案详解 -

Unit 4　Making the news　　　　　　　　　　　　
本套试卷共120分。考试时间100分钟。
选择题部分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共两节,满分35分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题2.5分,满分25分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Kay and Charles Giddens, two lawyers, sold their home to start a B & B hotel. Four years later, the couple dishes out banana pancake breakfast, cleans toilets and serves home-made chocolate chip cookies to guests in a B & B hotel surrounded by trees on a hill known for colourful sunsets.
“Do I miss the freeways? Do I miss the traffic? Do I miss the stress? No,” says Mrs Giddens. “This is a phenomenon that?s fairly widespread. A lot of people are re-evaluating their lives and figuring out what they want to do. If their base is being damaged, what?s the pay-off?”
Simple living ranges from cutting down on weeknight activities to sharing housing, living closer to work, avoiding shopping malls, borrowing books from the library instead of buying them, and taking a cut in pay to work at a more pleasurable job.
Vicki Robin, a writer, lives on a budget equal to a fifth of what she used to make. “You become conscious about where your money is going and how valuable it is,” Ms Robin says. “You tend not to use things up. You cook at home rather than eat out…”
Janet Luhrs, a lawyer, quit her job after giving birth and leaving her daughter with a nanny for two weeks. “It was not the way I wanted to raise my kids,” she says. “Simplicity is not just about saving money; it?s about me sitting down every night with my kids to a candlelit dinner with classical music.”
Mrs Luhrs now edits a magazine, Simple Living, which publishes tips on how to buy recycled furniture and shoes, organize potluck(百味餐)dinners instead of expensive receptions, and generally how to consume less.
“Simplicity is about conscious living and creating the life you want. The less stuff you buy, the less money goes out the door, and the less money you have to earn,” Mrs Luhrs explains.
1. How does Mrs Giddens feel about the life she is living now?
A.Bored. B.Worried. C.Satisfied. D.Surprised.
2. Janet Luhrs gave up her job as a lawyer in order to 　　　　.?
A.have one more baby girl B.create her own magazine
C.make her career in music D.spend more time with her kids
3. In which part of a newspaper will the text most probably appear?
A.Business. B.Lifestyle. C.Education. D.Entertainment.
B
Youth football team members rescued more than two weeks after sudden flooding trapped them in a cave in Thailand are now being well looked after at a hospital in the northern city of Chiang Rai. In addition to treating the boys for potential body fluid loss, inadequate nutrition and lack of oxygen, their doctors also plan to closely monitor them for symptoms of diseases that may have been infected by animals living in the cave.
“The next step is to make sure those kids and their families are safe, because living in a cave provides a different environment, which might contain animals that could transmit…disease,” said the local hospital. The boys and their family members have been told to watch for symptoms such as headache, nausea(反胃), muscle pain or difficulty breathing, the reports added.
Yet based on the location where the boys were trapped—more than four kilometres from the cave complex?s main entrance, past some fully submerged passages—and the fact that they have been swimming out wearing full scuba face masks, it seems unlikely that they were living with bats in the cave or breathed in bat-associated bacteria during their rescue, several infectious disease experts said. “It?s hard to imagine bats got that deep into the cave because of all those narrow passageways, but it is possible,” says Ian Lipkin, an animal expert and professor at the Mailman School of Public Health at Columbia University. “It?s unlikely that there would be many animals in there,” notes Jonathan Epstein, a doctor at EcoHealth Alliance, a non-profit organization that studies diseases and how to prevent them. Bats typically like to rest in areas they can easily enter and exit, not in places that fully flood, he adds.
Bats in Thailand have been linked with a wide range of viruses that are similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)—Lipkin says. But it seems more likely that the boys would have been exposed to infection-causing bacteria when they swam through the dirty water with cuts and scrapes. “If you are trying to prioritize issues with respect to health care for these kids, number one would be psychological damage and second will be bacterial infections from the cuts and scrapes they may have encountered,” Lipkin says.
4.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the potential symptom of the rescued team members?
A. Lacking body water. B. Unbalanced nutrition.
C. Adequate oxygen. D. Pain in the head and muscles.
5.The underlined word “submerged” in Paragraph 3 means “　　　　”.?
A. bat-associated B. wild and dangerous C. with animals D. under the water
6.Which is TRUE about the caves and the trapped people?
A. Lipkin said the victims might be infected when their bodies were exposed to bacterial water during the rescue.
B. Lipkin argued bats were not able to get deep into the narrow cave where the kids were trapped.
C. Jonathan Epstein thought it possible for the team members to be attacked by bats in the fully-flooded cave.
D. Lipkin believed the most important issue for the cave-trapped teenagers was infectious bacteria examination.
C
Wouldn?t it be wonderful to travel to a foreign country without having to worry about the headache of communicating in a different language?
In a recent The Wall Street Journal article, technology policy expert Alec Ross argued that, within a decade or so, we?ll be able to communicate with one another via(通过) small earpieces with built-in microphones. That?s because technological progress is extremely rapid. It?s only a matter of time. Indeed, some parents are so convinced that this technology is imminent that they?re wondering if their kids should even learn a second language.
It?s true that an increase in the quantity and accuracy of the data loaded into computers will make them cleverer at translating “No es bueno dormir mucho” as “It?s not good to sleep too much”. Replacing a word with its equivalent (对应词) in the target language is actually the “easy part” of a translator?s job. But even this seems to be a discouraging task for computers.
It?s so difficult for computers because translation doesn?t—or shouldn?t—involve simply translating words, sentences or paragraphs. Rather, it?s about translating meaning. And in order to infer meaning from a specific expression, humans have to interpret a mass of information at the same time.
Think about all the related clues that go into understanding an expression: volume, gesture, situation, and even your culture. All are likely to convey(传达) as much meaning as the words you use.
Therefore, we should be very sceptical of a machine that is unable to interpret the world around us. If people from different cultures can offend (冒犯) each other without realizing it, how can we expect a machine to do better? Unless engineers actually find a way to breathe a soul into a computer, undoubtedly when it comes to conveying and interpreting meaning using a natural language, a machine will never fully take our place.
7.What does the underlined word “imminent” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A.Ready. B.Helpful. C.Approaching. D.Amazing.
8.What view does the author hold about translation?
A.Cultures deserve more attention than words used.
B.Word-to-word translation is really a piece of cake to machines.
C.Machines will interpret the world more properly than humans.
D.Proper translation can be a difficult task even for humans.
9.Why is it hard for computers to replace a word with its equivalent?
A.Their data is not adequate(充足的). B.The real meaning of words can vary.
C.Their accuracy needs big improvement. D.A soul hasn?t been breathed into them.
10.What is the author?s attitude towards the modern technology?
A.Neutral. B.Objective. C.Optimistic. D.Pessimistic.
第二节　阅读七选五(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to improve vocabulary fast
Your vocabulary refers to the words in a language you are familiar with. We should learn some ways to expand it.
Read every day. 　11　 Choose reading material that is slightly above your level and keep a dictionary with you to look up words you do not know.?
　12　 If you do not meet with an unfamiliar word in your daily reading, use your dictionary to search for one.?
Learn the correct definition and pronunciation for each new word. Pronunciation is as important as definition because in order to add a word to your active vocabulary, you must be able to use it in speech.
Elaborate (详尽阐述) on the meaning of the word. If you have just learned the word “stubborn”, think about the neighbour who will not lend you his car. 　13　?
Use your new word in speech and in writing. E-mail your sister about how your cat is stubborn about sleeping on your pillow. 　14　 But the more you use it, the more fluent you will become in its use. Soon it will be a regular part of your active vocabulary.?
Tell everyone you are trying to increase your vocabulary. Encourage them to ask you what your latest word is. 　15　 The more you explain the meaning of a word to someone, the more likely you are to remember it.?
A. The vocabulary can be increased.
B. Find a new word every day.
C. Or let them ask for the definition of a new word you have used.
D. The more often you read, the faster your vocabulary can grow.
E. The first time you use a new word in speech it may seem strange.
F. Imagine him shaking his head, and think of him as “stubborn in his refusal”.
G. Your vocabulary contains the words you understand.
Ⅱ.完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Miwa Sado is a Japanese journalist who died in 2013 after working too hard. Her case became 　16　 this week after labour inspectors published a detailed 　17　.?
The journalist worked 159 hours of overtime a month and then died of heart failure at home. She was working 　18　 for Japan?s public broadcaster NHK, which is Japan?s largest broadcasting 　19　. At the time of her death she was gathering information on a Tokyo 　20　 for the next governor. ?
The death of Sado is expected to make the Japanese government more 　21　 of the health risks 　22　 in working too much. According to a survey, about one 　23　 five workers risks a critical(严重的) health condition because of too 　24　 work. Now the government wants to 　25　 overtime to a maximum of 100 hours a month and 　26　 companies that do not obey.?
In another case 　27　 became known, 24-year-old Matsuri Takahashi, killed herself in 2015 after suffering from 　28　 and working long hours for a Japanese advertising agency.?
Japanese employees, 　29　, work more hours than anywhere else in the Western world. They also 　30　 only a third of the holidays they are entitled to. Many Japanese work hard in order to show that they are loyal(忠诚的) to their 　31　. In 2016, two thousand Japanese workers killed themselves due to stress and 　32　. Many others died from stress-related diseases, 　33　 from heart attacks and high blood pressure. The Japanese 　34　 such work-related deaths as “karoshi”(过劳死). ?
We can conclude from above that too much work does 　35　 stress and illnesses. Therefore, the Japanese government has launched a campaign encouraging people to enjoy their holidays. ?
16.A.uncertain B.suspected C.confused D.public
17.A.report B.book C.headline D.scheme
18.A.unwillingly B.wholeheartedly C.secretly D.severely
19.A.hospital B.school C.community D.organization
20.A.motivation B.instruction C.election D.position
21.A.afraid B.aware C.demanding D.guilty
22.A.involved B.investigated C.concluded D.assisted
23.A.of B.in C.to D.on
24.A.little B.few C.much D.many
25.A.limit B.assess C.suspect D.submit
26.A.honour B.praise C.reward D.fine
27.A.that B.where C.when D.whose
28.A.violence B.loneliness C.unemployment D.stress
29.A.in conclusion B.on average C.after all D.above all
30.A.connect B.convince C.consume D.control
31.A.teachers B.friends C.companies D.parents
32.A.overview B.overwork C.overweight D.overflow
33.A.suffering B.keeping C.hearing D.resulting
34.A.lead to B.depend on C.link to D.look on
35.A.expose B.make C.cause D.reduce
第Ⅱ卷
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
One day when I was five years old, my mother took me to a swimming pool. She wanted to teach me how to swim. 36.　　　　 (sad), I was almost drowned. 37.　　　　 I was rescued by a man, my mother was so 38.　　　　 (frighten) that she decided never to let me get close to a swimming pool again. 39.　　　　, I thought quite differently. Instead of letting that horrible incident create more fear around water for me, I decided to become a good 40.　　　　 (swim). After I told my mother about that, she thought I was right and 41.　　　　 (agree). So I started to learn how to swim again. My mother became more careful and I was not in danger again. Later I became 42.　　　　 interested in swimming that I decided to compete in swimming events. After years of efforts, my dream came true. I was the first African American 43.　　　　 (win) an Olympic gold medal in swimming. I did so at both the 2008 and 2012 Olympics.?
Now I spend much of my time 44.　　　　 (help) children learn how to swim. Hundreds of children each year drown in the United States. 45.　　　　 (learn) how to swim can prevent 80% of these tragedies.?
Ⅳ.写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节:应用文写作(满分15分)
假设你叫李华,是你班上的英语课代表。为了弘扬中国传统文化,你校艺术俱乐部准备举办一次关于“国画(Chinese painting)”的讲座。你班外籍教师Peter对国画很感兴趣,给你发来邮件询问本次讲座的情况。请给Peter回复一封邀请信,内容包括:
1. 讲座目的;
2. 讲座内容;
3. 讲座时间和地点;
4. 邀请Peter参加。
注意:1. 词数80左右(信的开头与结束语已为你写好,但不计入总词数);
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:弘扬 promote;
Dear Peter,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节:概要写作(满分25分)
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Many of us do the revision work alone by shutting ourselves in a room with a book. Shutting yourself away can make you learn to hate studying. This leads to a situation where instead of being able to pay attention to your work, you are troubled by how unfair it is that you must study. When you hate your work, it?s very difficult to make yourself like and do the work. This can be part of a vicious cycle(恶性循环) that you are caught in ineffective revision.Your poor progress makes you dislike the revision work more.
Just being around other people really helps fight against feelings of loneliness and, thankfully, it?s perfectly possible to work with a partner. We just need to learn how to deal with distractions(使人分心的事物).
It?s not necessary to avoid all people around, just people having nothing to do. Studying in the same room with someone who is ironing(熨烫衣服) or working out is perfectly possible. People who are bored and have nothing to do, however, are terrible to work around. They often try to keep others in conversation.
It?s also a good idea to avoid the company(陪伴) of people involved in activities that you like doing very much. Working while sitting next to someone playing video games is much more likely to end with a new high score in the game than a few hours of high-quality revision.
If being around others means working in a noisy environment, a pair of headphones and some background music can keep out even noisy children.
When you?re studying for a big exam, it seems like your whole life is taken up with study. Friends and family can lessen feelings of isolation(孤独). And connecting with other people makes us happy, so it?s important not to give that up and to make sure that we take the time to be with other people. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


参考答案 单元测试
Ⅰ.第一节
A
【文章大意】 本文是一篇报道类的文章。作者通过举例子来告诉我们简单的生活也是有意思的生活,是远离金钱和压力的生活,我们要努力去创造这种生活。
1. C　推理判断题。根据文中第二段“?Do I miss the freeways? Do I miss the traffic? Do I miss the stress? No,? says Mrs Giddens.”可知Mrs Giddens对她现在的生活很满意,一点儿也没有怀念过去有压力的生活,故选C。
2. D　细节理解题。根据文中“?Simplicity is not just about saving money; it?s about me sitting down every night with my kids to a candlelit dinner with classical music.?”可知Janet Luhrs辞掉工作是为了能够花更多的时间去陪伴孩子,故选D。
3. B　推理判断题。本文主要讲述了追求简单生活也很美好,故推测本文会出现在报纸的关于生活方式的报道中,故选B。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了泰国一个足球队因突遇洪水被困于山洞中,之后被救出,现正在医院接受治疗。由于他们被困的地方有蝙蝠,专家们说他们有可能会感染细菌。
4.C　细节理解题。根据第一段的“In addition to treating the boys for potential body fluid loss, inadequate nutrition and lack of oxygen…”可知,被救的队员存在潜在的体液流失,营养不足和缺氧,故选C项。
5.D　词义猜测题。根据下文的“…the fact that they have been swimming out wearing full scuba face masks…”可知,游出去要戴着全套潜水面罩,由此可推测出,submerged 的意思是“在水下”,故选D项。
6.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Bats in Thailand have been linked with a wide range of viruses that are similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)—Lipkin says. But it seems more likely that the boys would have been exposed to infection-causing bacteria when they swam through the dirty water with cuts and scrapes.”可知,Lipkin说这些孩子在被营救的过程中可能会感染细菌,故选A项。
C
【文章大意】 当你到国外旅游而不必担忧语言沟通时,这会不会很好?对于高科技耳机会帮你解决这一难题的观点,你怎么看?
7.C　词义猜测题。第二段中提到的“…within a decade or so, we?ll be able to communicate…”说明这种技术尚未研发成功;随着科技进程的快速发展,这种技术正在临近(approaching)现实而非准备好了的(ready)、有帮助的(helpful)、令人惊奇的(amazing)。
8.D　推理判断题。在第四段中,作者认为翻译时不能仅仅翻译词汇、句子、段落,更应该依据特定的表达来推断说话人的真实含义;在第五段中,作者认为理解一种表达时还要考虑音量、手势、情境和文化等诸多因素。故通过综合推断可得知,即使对人类而言,做到准确地翻译也不是一件容易的事情,故应选择D项。
9.B　推理判断题。根据第四、五段的描述,再结合上一题的解析可知,词汇或语句的真实含义涉及诸多因素;各因素不同,真实含义也会有变化,故选择B项。
10.D　观点态度题。综合最后一段的描述,尤其是作者提到来自不同文化的人可能会冒犯他人而不自知,又怎能期待一部机器做得更好?由此可见,作者对于这种现代化的技术并不乐观。neutral中立的;objective客观的;optimistic乐观的;pessimistic悲观的。
第二节
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。在语言学习中词汇至关重要,人们有很多不同的学习词汇的方法,文章介绍了几种增加词汇量的有效方法。
11.D　本段的建议是“Read every day.”,经常阅读会有效提高你的词汇量,故D项“The more often you read, the faster your vocabulary can grow.”符合上下文语境。
12.B　横线后句“If you do not meet with an unfamiliar word in your daily reading, use your dictionary to search for one.”告诉我们如果在日常阅读中没有遇见不熟悉的词汇,使用字典去找一个新词。用这种方法提高词汇量,故B项“Find a new word every day.”符合上下文语境。
13.F　根据横线前句“If you have just learned the word ?stubborn?, think about the neighbour who will not lend you his car.”可知,这个例子与stubborn有关,F项“Imagine him shaking his head, and think of him as ?stubborn in his refusal?.”恰好与之匹配,故选F项。
14.E　本段第一句“Use your new word in speech and in writing.”建议我们在对话和写作中运用所学到的新单词,也许第一次使用的时候你会感觉陌生,但你越用越流利。E项“The first time you use a new word in speech it may seem strange.”符合上下文语境。
15.C　本段第一句“Tell everyone you are trying to increase your vocabulary.”建议要让别人知道你在增加词汇量。鼓励他们问你所学的最新的词汇是什么,C项“Or let them ask for the definition of a new word you have used.”顺应横线前句,故选C项。
Ⅱ.【文章大意】 本文借日本女记者Miwa Sado 的死亡事件,向读者讲述了日本社会的“过劳死”现象和过劳死的原因,以及该事件对日本社会造成的影响。日本政府意识到超负荷工作的危险,已发起运动鼓励国民享受假期。
16.D　日本女记者Miwa Sado 的死亡事件,在劳工督察发布了一个详细报告后,于本周公布于众。become/go public公开发布,公布于众。
17.A　publish a detailed report公开发布一个详尽的报告。
18.B　由上文可知,该记者一个月加班159个小时,最终死于心力衰竭,可见她是全身心地投入到工作中去。
19.D　NHK指日本放送协会,日本的一个大众传播机构。
20.C　由下文for the next governor判断出,Miwa Sado正在为东京的下一任管辖者竞选收集信息。
21.B　大家期望Miwa Sado 的死亡事件会给日本政府敲响警钟,从而使他们意识到超负荷工作带来的健康风险。
22.A　involve涉及;investigate调查;conclude总结;assist帮助。根据题意可知答案为A。
23.B　one out of/in five五分之一。
24.C　调查显示,五分之一的工人因为过度工作而有患重病的风险。
25.A　意识到了问题的严重性,日本政府打算把每月的加班时间限制到100个小时,并对不遵守规定的公司进行罚款。limit限制;assess评估;suspect怀疑;submit呈递。
26.D　honour尊敬;praise表扬;reward报答;fine罚款。根据上题解析可知答案为D。
27.A　此处“…became known…”是定语从句,修饰先行词another case。从句中缺少主语,故用that。
28.D　二十四岁的Matsuri Takahashi自杀也是由于工作压力大,工作时间长。
29.B　日本员工的平均工作时间比西方其他地方要高出许多。in conclusion总之;on average平均;after all毕竟;above all最重要的是。
30.C　日本的员工只消费了他们享有的假期的三分之一。connect连接;convince使相信;consume消费;control控制。
31.C　卖力地工作当然显示的是对公司的忠诚。
32.B　因为压力大,过度工作而引起自杀。overview概述;overwork过度工作;overweight超重;overflow溢出。
33.A　其他许多人死于与压力相关的疾病,如患有心脏病、高血压。suffer from遭受,患有。
34.D　look on…as把……看作。
35. C　太多的工作的确会使人有压力,引发疾病。 expose暴露;make制作,使;cause引起;reduce减少。
Ⅲ.【文章大意】 作者介绍了小时候妈妈带他去游泳池学游泳时出了意外,但他没有放弃游泳,而是努力练习,并最终获得了奥运游泳冠军的事情。
36. Sadly　考查词形转换。此处是副词位于句首修饰整个句子。
37. Though/Although　考查连词的用法。句意:虽然我被人救出来了,但是我妈妈是那么害怕以至于……。
38. frightened　考查词形转换。此处是作表语且表示人的心理,故用frightened。
39. However　考查副词的用法。句意:然而,我有不同的想法。
40. swimmer　考查词形转换。冠词a后接名词。此处是单数意义。
41. agreed　考查动词时态。and连接并列的动作,故都用一般过去时。
42. so　考查固定结构。此处是so…that…结构,意为“如此……以至于……”。
43. to win　考查非谓语动词。名词前有the first修饰时,其后用不定式作后置定语。
44. helping　考查非谓语动词。spend some time doing sth花时间做某事。
45. Learning　考查非谓语动词。此处是动名词作主语。
Ⅳ.第一节
One possible version:
Dear Peter,?
How is it going these days? Hearing that you are interested in Chinese paintings, I?m writing to invite you to attend the lecture on Chinese painting to be organized by the Art Club in our school, whose purpose is to promote Chinese traditional culture.
As an excellent art form, Chinese painting is one of the major parts of China?s tradition. Therefore,the lecture will help us understand the history and the main techniques of Chinese painting. It will be held in our school lecture hall and will start at 3 pm next Friday afternoon, lasting 2 hours. I?m sure it will be a good opportunity for you to experience the charm of Chinese painting.
I would be really delighted if you can come to attend it. I?m looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua?
第二节
One possible version:
Studying alone may have some bad effects, which can make you tired of your work. (要点1) So it is necessary to find a partner when you study. (要点2) But you should get rid of the distractions it may cause. Not only should you avoid working with people who are idle or bored, but you should also keep away from people doing activities that attract you.(要点3) Also, staying with people can make you feel less lonely.(要点4)