Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note
【导语】 马克·吐温(Mark Twain)，美国著名作家和演说家，美国批判现实主义文学的奠基人，被誉为“美国文学史上的林肯”。
Mark Twain(pseudonym〈笔名〉of Samuel Langhorne Clemens)，was an American writer，journalist and humourist，who won a worldwide audience for his stories of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
Clemens was born on November 30，1835 in Florida，Missouri，of a Virginian family.He was brought up in Hannibal，Missouri.After his father's death in 1847，he was apprenticed(当学徒)to a printer and wrote for his brother's newspaper.He later worked as a licensed(得到许可的)Mississippi river-boat pilot.The Civil War put an end to the steamboat traffic and Clemens moved to Virginia City，where he edited The Territorial Enterprise.On February 3，1863，“Mark Twain”was born when Clemens signed a humourous travel account with that pseudonym.
In 1864 Twain left for California，and worked in San Francisco as a reporter.He visited Hawaii as a correspondent(通讯员) for The Sacramento Union，publishing letters on his trip and giving lectures.He set out on a world tour，travelling in France and Italy.His experiences were recorded in 1869 in The Innocents Abroad，which gained him wide popularity.
Between 1876 and 1884 he published several masterpieces. During his long writing career，Twain also produced a considerable number of essays.Twain died on April 21，1910.
【词海拾贝】
1．bring up 抚养
2．put an end to 使结束，使终止
3．set out 动身，出发
4．considerable adj.相当多的，相当大的
【问题思考】
True(T)or False(F)．
1．Clemens wrote for his brother's newspaper with the pseudonym Mark Twain.( )
2．Before the Civil War，Clemens left for Virginia.( )
答案：1.F 2.F
Ⅰ.重点单词分类记
A．拼写高频单词
1．________ vi.凝视；盯着看
2．________ adv.真正地；确实；实在
3．________ n．过错；缺点；故障
4．________ n．礼貌；举止；方式
5．________ vt.&vi.寻找；探索；寻求
6．________ vi.尖声叫
n．尖叫声；喊叫声
7．________ n．(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色
8．________ vt.发现；认出
n．斑点；污点；地点
9．________ n．反面；对立面
adj.相反的；相违的
10．________ vi.&vt.认为；说明；总计有
n．说明；理由；计算；账目
答案：1.stare 2.indeed 3.fault 4. manner 5. seek 6.scream 7. scene 8. spot 9. contrary 10.account
B．联想拓展单词
1．________n．奇遇；冒险→________adj.冒险的
2．______n．小说；长篇故事adj.新奇的；异常的→________n．小说家
3．________adj.难以置信的→________vt.相信；信任→________n．信念；信仰
4．________adj.粗鲁的；无礼的→________adv.无礼地→________n．粗鲁；无礼
5．________n．耐性；忍耐→________adj.有耐心的n.病人→________adv.耐心地
6．________vt.&vi.许可；允许；准许n.通行证；许可证；执照→________n．许可；批准
答案：1.adventure adventurous 2.novel novelist 3.unbelievable believe belief 4.rude rudely rudeness 5.patience patient patiently 6.permit permission
C．识记阅读单词
1．rag n. ______________
2．genuine adj. ______________
3．author n. ______________
4．wander vi. ______________
5．phrase n. ______________
6．embassy n. ______________
答案：1.破布；碎布 2.真的；真诚的 3.著者；作家 4.漫游；漫步；漂泊 5.短语；词组；惯用语 6.大使馆；大使及其官员
Ⅱ.重点短语快速记
1．________________ 衣衫褴褛
2．________________ 关于；至于
3．________________ 盯着看；凝视
4．________________ 偶然；无意中；不小心
5．________________ 是……的原因；解释
6．________________ 抚养；培养；教育；提出
7．________________ 前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说
8．________________ 打赌
9．________________ 冒险
10．________________ 在现场
11．________________ 与此相反；正相反
12．________________ 吹毛求疵；找毛病
答案：1.in rags 2.as for 3.stare at 4.by accident 5.account for 6.bring up 7.go ahead 8.make a bet 9.take a chance 10. on the scene 11.on the contrary 12.find fault with
Ⅲ.经典句式应用记
1．Well，towards nightfall I______________(发现自己被带到)to sea by a strong wind.(find＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
2．You must come whenever you want and have______________ (无论你喜欢什么)．(whatever引导名词性从句)
3．_______________________ (真是让人惊讶)how much pleasure you get out of the simple things in life，especially if you can't have them for a while.(it作形式主语)
4．Well，_______________(我的确听说)that the Bank of England had issued two notes in this amount.(do＋动词原形强调谓语)
5．The next morning I'd just about given myself up for lost_____________ (这时我被一艘船发现了)．(when作并列连词)
答案：1.found myself carried out 2. whatever you like 3.It's amazing 4. I did hear 5. when I was spotted by a ship
Ⅰ.Fast-reading
Skim the text and then choose the best answer.
What's the main idea of the passage?
A．Two rich gentlemen made a bet on a million pound bank note.
B．How did Henry Adams land in London?
C．Henry Adams was puzzled about the note.
D．Why did the two rich gentlemen choose Henry Adams?
答案：A
Ⅱ.Careful-reading
Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What happened to Henry when he was sailing out of the bay?
A．His boat sank in a storm at sea.
B．He was carried out to sea by a strong wind.
C．He was attacked by some bad men at sea.
D．He jumped into the sea to kill himself.
2．Which of the following words can best describe Henry?
A．Brave. B．Honest.
C．Lazy. D．Shy.
3．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Henry opened the letter before 2 o'clock.
B．The two brothers would like to offer him a job.
C．Roderick believed that with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month.
D．Henry only wanted a job because he was penniless in London.
4．How did Henry feel when the two brothers gave him the letter?
A．Unhappy. B．Surprised.
C．Pleased. D．Excited.
答案：1.B 2.B 3.D 4.A
Ⅲ.Study-reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．It is Henry Adams，an American businessman，who is lost in London and does not know what he should do.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] __________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2．The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand，which accounts for my appearance.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] __________________________________________
______________________________________________________
3．If this is your idea of some kind of joke，I don't think it's very funny.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] __________________________________________
______________________________________________________
答案：1.他叫亨利·亚当斯，是一个美国商人。在伦敦迷了路，不知道该做什么。
2．事实上，我靠做义工来顶替船费，这就是我衣冠不整的原因了。
3．如果你们认为这是一个笑话，我可不觉得很好笑。
如何写英语短剧
本单元的写作任务是戏剧剧本创作。戏剧剧本属于记叙文。在写作形式上以对话为主，应主要包括戏剧人物、人物的语言、舞台说明性文字等。
一、基本结构
1．人物说明——写明主要出场人物。
2．人物对话——写出主要人物的对话。
3．舞台说明——写出一些舞台说明性文字，动作要符合人物的性格特征。
二、增分句式
1．It/The story happened in/at...(地点)on/in...(日期)
2．...(人名)is very kind/cruel/rich/generous/mean，but...
3．...(人名)is very clever/stupid/fat/thin/tall/short...
4．...(人名) is on the way to...
5．...(人名)is on the point of doing sth when...
6．The play is adapted from...
根据下面提示，写一篇戏剧，介绍亨利带着100万英镑的钞票去理发的过程。
亨利正走在大街上，看见了一家理发店，决定去理他的长头发；理发匠用粗鲁的态度接待了他；亨利坐在椅子上等待；理发匠告诉他是否能够担负得起高昂的费用；理发结束后，亨利出示了百万英镑的钞票；理发匠十分吃惊，告诉他随时光临。
【范文点评】
范文
点评
①Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair.He decides to have his hair cut.
H＝Henry B＝Barber
H：Good afternoon，I'd like to have my hair cut，if I may.(The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair.)Er，I'd really like a haircut.②As you can see，it's much too long.
B：(In a rude manner) Yes，I can see that.Indeed，I can.
H：Fine，well，I'll have a seat then.
(He sits in one of the barber's chairs.The barber turns to look at Henry.)
B：It's quite expensive here，you know！Are you sure you can afford it？
H：Yes.I think so.
(After his hair is cut，the barber tells Henry how much he must pay.Henry shows the barber the bank note.)
B：Why Mr...(Looks shocked)
H：Adams.Henry Adams.I'm sorry，I don't have any change.
B：Please don't worry！(Wearing a big smile)Nothing to worry about！Nothing at all！Please come back③whenever you like，even if you only have too little hair to cut！④It will be my honour to serve you！
本文是一篇戏剧，要点齐全，结构清晰，首先是戏剧背景，介绍主要出场人物，然后写出人物的主要对话，最后介绍冲突的解决。
文章内容充实，语言流畅，①be doing...when...，②非限制性定语从句，③whenever，even if引导的状语从句，④it作形式主语代替不定式等句式的使用增加了文章的可读性
请根据提示场景，用英语写一段童话剧《狐假虎威》中的剧本。场景如下：
老虎在森林中走着，他感到非常饥饿。当他看见一只狐狸时，想要吃掉他。狐狸说他才是森林之王，老虎将信将疑，决定跟着狐狸在森林中走一趟。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________
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答案：
THE FOX AND THE TIGER
(A tiger is walking in the forest，hungry，when he sees a fox.The tiger decides to eat the fox.)
Tiger：(Laughing)Ah, a fox.A good meal.
Fox：(Frightened)Oh, my God！What should I do？(Rolling his eyes)Yes, I have a good idea.(Smiling)Hello! Tiger brother！How are you?
Tiger：Not so good.I'm very hungry now.I want to eat you.
Fox：(Pretends to be surprised) Oh，my dear！How dare you say that！I'm the king of the forest! Say you want to eat me again and I will kill you right now.
Tiger：(Shocked and confused)Are you kidding me? Are you sure that you are the king？I can't believe it！I am the king of the forest here!
Fox：If you don't believe me，just follow me and see who is the king of the forest.
Tiger：OK.Let's go.
A级 基础过关
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Jack could not account____________his foolish mistake.
2．He can find fault____________the goods even if he is quite satisfied with them.
3．A group of children were found____________(play) on the playground.
4．He had just left____________it started to rain.
5．It is the children____________are making so much noise in the garden.
6．I find it quite pleasant____________(work) with you.
7．I don't know____________he will attend the meeting.
8．My suggestion is that we____________(catch)up with the other classes.
9．Even though he looks like a gentleman，he is often rude ________his wife in fact.
10．It is well-known________the Atlantic Ocean is only half as big as the Pacific Ocean.
答案：1.for 2.with 3.playing 4.when 5.who/that 6.to work 7.if/whether 8.(should) catch 9.to 10.that
Ⅱ.选用短语的适当形式完成句子
stare at；account for；bring up；as for；find fault with；go ahead；by accident；on the spot；in rags；on the contrary
1．Walking in the street，I often see beggars________．
2．The couple managed to________their children on a small income.
3．I was disappointed whenever the cook____________my work.
4．He could not_________________his absence from classes.
5．It doesn't seem ugly to me；_______________，I think it's rather beautiful.
6．The boy who was being blamed for having broken the window just______________the floor without any words.
7．Edison said，I find what the world needs，then I________and try to invent it.
8．The day the graduate attended the interview meeting，he was employed____________．
9．He thought of the solution to the problem almost________．
10．______________your advice，I'm sure to consider it and give you reply in time.
答案：1.in rags 2.bring up 3.found fault with 4.account for 5.on the contrary 6.stared at 7.go ahead
8．on the spot 9.by accident 10.As for
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示完成句子
1．Some tourists________________near the river.
一些游客发现几个男孩子正在河边玩。
2．The train____________________he came.He was out of luck.
当他到达时火车刚开走。他运气不好。
3．Just call me_______________________________________.
无论什么时候你遇到麻烦，就打电话给我。
He is such a bad boy，always talking to his parents_________________________.
他是如此坏的男孩儿，总是粗鲁地和他的父亲讲话。
5．_____________________________theory must be combined with practice.
众所周知，理论必须与实践相结合。
答案：1.spotted several boys playing 2.had just left the station when 3.whenever you are in trouble 4.in a rude manner 5.It is well-known that
B级 能力提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)
OPENINGS AND PREVIEWS
Animals Out of Paper
Yolo！Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami(折纸术)artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio.Merri Milwe directs.In previews.Opens Feb.12.(West Park Presbyterian Church，165 W．86th St.212-868-4444.)
The Audience
Helen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan，about Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ of the UK and her private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years.Stephen Daldry directs.Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey.Previews begin Feb.14.(Schoenfeld，236 W．45th St.212-239-6200.)
Hamilton
Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story.Thomas Kail directs.In previews.Opens Feb.17. (Public，425 Lafayette St.212-967-7555.)
On the Twentieth Century
Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green，about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star's love during a cross-country train journey.Scott Ellis directs，for Roundabout Theatre Company.Previews begin Feb.12.(American Airlines Theatre，227 W．42nd St.212-719-1300.)
【语篇解读】 本文主要预告了四出戏剧的梗概及演出信息。
1．What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about?
A．A type of art. B．A teenager's studio.
C．A great teacher. D．A group of animals.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一出戏剧的名称Animals Out of Paper及该部分中的“Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio”可知答案。
答案：A
2．Who is the director of The Audience?
A．Helen Mirren. B．Peter Morgan.
C．Dylan Baker. D．Stephen Daldry.
解析：细节理解题。题干问的是“谁执导了The Audience？”。根据该部分中的“Stephen Daldry directs”可知答案。
答案：D
3．Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history?
A．Animals Out of Paper. B．The Audience.
C．Hamilton. D．On the Twentieth Century.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三出戏剧Hamilton首句“Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story”可知，Hamilton是关于美国历史的戏剧。
答案：C
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Participating(参与)in Class
Class participation is a valuable part of learning.Many students are unwilling to participate in class.__1__Other students participate in class，but do so incorrectly.Here is some advice that can help you become an effective class participant.
?__2__Do all tasks and readings and go over your notes from previous class periods.This will help to prevent you from making uninformed(无知的) comments or asking unsuitable questions.As you get ready for class，think about important questions and concerns that may appear in class.Be sure that you are prepared to deal with these.
?Try to sit close to the front of the class.__3__Besides，you can hear what the teachers say clearly.
?Listen to what the other students say.You can then build on their comments to make your own.Be active when you respond to something another student says.You can disagree，but don't go into an“attack mode”．
?Don't be afraid to be wrong.__4__You can learn from being wrong.Don't be afraid to ask questions.This is a good learning skill.Also，the chances are that other students in the class have the same questions as you do，and they will appreciate your asking.
?Be sure that your questions and comments are closely connected with the class topic.
?Don't waste the time of the teacher and other students by going off way.Don't take it in person if others disagree with what you say.__5__
A．Creating a personal connection helps you feel more comfortable about participating in class.
B．Be confident that your opinions will be valued by your teacher and other students.
C．It's hard to stay unconcerned when you are near to the teacher.
D．Be sure that you are well prepared before coming to class.
E．This may be because they are shy or fearful of being judged and criticized(批评)．
F．Your class should be a good place for giving opinions and taking advice.
G．Learning is a change in behaviour based on experience.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。本文作者针对如何成为一名有效的课堂参与者这一问题，给出了一些建议。
1．解析：由文中“Many students are unwilling to participate in class”可知，这里提到了许多学生在课堂中不愿意参与，所以接下来会分析原因，故选E。
答案：E
2．解析：由文中“Do all tasks and readings and go over your notes from previous class periods”可知，这里提到了做好上课前的准备工作，故选D(确保上课之前，做好准备)。
答案：D
3．解析：由文中“Besides，you can hear what the teachers say clearly”可知，这里提到了坐在靠前位置的好处，故选C(当你靠近老师的时候，很难不专注学习)。
答案：C
4．解析：由文中“Don't be afraid to be wrong”和“You can learn from being wrong”可知，这里提到不要害怕错误，你可以从错误中学习，故选G(学习是一次基于经历的行为改变)。
答案：G
5．解析：由文中“Don't waste the time of the teacher and other students by going off way.Don't take it in person if others disagree with what you say.”可知，课堂上要利用好时间与老师、同学们讨论，并接受他人的不同建议，故选F(你的课堂应该是提出看法和采纳建议的好地方)。
答案：F
Ⅲ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“You are never too old to start something new！”says Englishtown__1__Ellen Rema.Ellen began to learn English at the age of 50.In a few years，she has made__2__progress!
Ellen studied at Englishtown because no evening classes were__3__in her hometown.At Englishtown，she joins__4__classes online and speaks with native English-speaking teachers.
“Englishtown is a wonderful place to__5__，”she says.“My son always says，Mum，you are a bit__6__．He can't understand why I spend so many hours studying，__7__love it.”
Ellen began with the first level of Englishtown and quickly__8__．She said，“I finished all my__9__after 2 years，but noticed I still had__10__difficulties.”
Instead of__11__，she chose to press on.Four years later，she's still studying in the online classroom，but to perfect her already__12__English，she has set new__13__and__14__ understanding grammar points.
“Studying online is never__15__，but you need self-discipline and self-motivation.”she says.“If you really want to learn，never quit even when you notice difficulties or when you think there is no__16__．Practice，practice！”
“Studying English isn't all about hard work.It is also__17__！”she says.“I like the online conversation classrooms.I have learned so much about other cultures and traditions.I'm open for all__18__ .”
Ellen has been able to__19__her English to use.“I am very__20__for Englishtown because most of the English I know now was learned here，”Ellen says.
【语篇解读】 有志者，事竟成。一位50岁才开始学英语的年长学生，凭借顽强的毅力，取得了可喜的成绩。
1．A.professor B．friend
C．student D．reporter
解析：由第二段的第一句“Ellen studied at Englishtown...”可知埃伦是Englishtown的一名学生(student)。
答案：C
2．A.amazing B．challenging
C．discouraging D．disturbing
解析：她50岁开始学英语，仅仅几年就取得了惊人的(amazing)进步。后三项分别表示“挑战性的”“令人气馁的”“烦扰的”，都不符合题意。
答案：A
3．A.satisfied B．offered
C．attended D．represented
解析：她的家乡没有提供夜校课程，所以她选择在Englishtown学习。offer“提供”，符合语境。
答案：B
4．A.conversation B．composition
C．listening D．reading
解析：根据后半句的内容可知她参加的是在线会话(conversation)课程。倒数第二段中的“I like the online conversation classrooms”也为提示。
答案：A
5．A.live B．eat
C．entertain D．study
解析：根据第二段第一句可知Englishtown是一个极好的学习场所。
答案：D
6．A.crazy B．tired
C．worried D．attractive
解析：下一句提到她的儿子难以理解她为什么花那么多时间去学习英语，由此可知他认为妈妈有点疯狂(crazy)。
答案：A
7．A.though B．but
C．while D．when
解析：他不能理解的是妈妈为什么花那么多时间学习，她却(But)乐在其中。
答案：B
8．A.dropped B．brushed
C．awarded D．progressed
解析：她从第一级开始学习，并且很快取得进步。此处progress作动词，表示“进步，进展”。
答案：D
9．A.channels B．schedules
C．courses D．papers
解析：两年后她学完了所有的课程(course)。
答案：C
10．A.comprehending B．reading
C．grammar D．vocabulary
解析：根据下一段最后一句可知应选C。
答案：C
11．A.fighting back B．giving up
C．turning away D．looking around
解析：她没有放弃(give up)，而是坚定地继续学习。
答案：B
12．A.significant B．shabby
C．broken D．excellent
解析：本句意思是“为了使她本来已经很优秀的英语更出色……”。空格前面的already是重要提示。
答案：D
13．A.goals B．decisions
C．means D．conclusions
解析：虽然她的英语已经很优秀了，可是她又为自己设定了新的目标。set a goal“设定目标”。
答案：A
14．A.turns off B．gets off
C．focuses on D．puts up
解析：她为自己设定了新的目标，并且集中理解语法要点。focus on“集中精力于”，符合语境。
答案：C
15．A.interesting B．boring
C．shocking D．unwilling
解析：本句后半部分提到“但是你需要自律、自我激励”，由此可知她认为在线学习一点也不乏味(boring)。
答案：B
16．A.vision B．success
C．struggle D．tendency
解析：如果你真的想学习，即使当你遇到困难或者认为不会成功(success)时，也决不要放弃。
答案：B
17．A.fun B．waste
C．weakness D．wonder
解析：结合本句前后两句中的内容可知学习英语应该也很有趣(fun)。
答案：A
18．A.measures B．topics
C．timetables D．fashions
解析：她对所有的话题(topic)都感兴趣。
答案：B
19．A.take B．set
C．make D．put
解析：她已经能够使用英语。put...to use是固定搭配，表示“利用，使用”。
答案：D
20．A.hopeful B．sensitive
C．thankful D．glad
解析：根据最后一句话可知，埃伦现在知道的大部分英语都是在Englishtown学到的，所以对它很感激(thankful)。
答案：C
课件108张PPT。Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note
