Unit 1 A land of diversity
【导语】 你知道加州为什么也叫作“黄金之州”(The Golden State)吗？让我们了解一下加州吧！
California is one of the fifty states that make up the United States of America and one of the Western states.It is bordered to the west by the Pacific Ocean，to the north by Oregon，to the south by Mexico，and to the east by Nevada and Arizona.Sacramento is the capital.Other important cities in this state are Los Angeles，San Diego，San José，San Francisco，and Long Beach.
California is the 3rd of the 50 states by size，but ranks first in population.The proper name for a resident of this state is a Californian.
The earliest inhabitants of California were prehistoric inhabitants who experienced a variety of lifestyles to adapt to the local food and climate.In the 16th century，Europeans arrived.The first explorers and settlers were the Spanish.Though Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo，the first explorer setting foot on(踏上……的土地)the California coast，visited the region in 1542，and Sebastián Vizcaíno，another Spanish explorer explored the southern California coast in 1602，settlement did not begin until Junípero Serra，a Roman Catholic Spanish priest，set up a mission(传教所)in San Diego in 1769.
In 1821，when Mexico gained independence from Spain，settlers from the United States took their wagon trains westward，and in 1846 they declared California a republic，independent territory from Mexico.Someone quickly created a flag with a grizzly bear and a five-pointed star.The flag is now the state flag.The bear is golden，the star is red，and the words“California Republic”appear beneath.
Gold was discovered in California in 1848，leading to both a gold rush with a huge influx of people and statehood.California joined the Union in 1850，the thirty-first of the fifty states to do so.
【词海拾贝】
border v．与……接壤
2．rank v．把……分等；给……评定等级
3．inhabitant n．居民
4．influx n．涌入
【问题思考】
判断正(T)误(F)。
1．The United states of America is made up of fifty states.( )
2．California is larger than any other state in America.( )
答案：1.T 2.F
Ⅰ.重点单词分类记
A．拼写高频单词
1．________n．手段；方法
2．________vt.&n.租用；雇用
3．________n．行李
4．________vt.&n.抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会
答案：1.means 2.hire 3.luggage 4.grasp
B．联想拓展单词
1．________adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的→________n．差别；区分；卓著
2．________vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人→______n．选举
3．________n．百分比；百分率→________n．百分之几
4．________adj.人种的；种族的→________n．种族；比赛
5．________vi.申请→________n．申请→________n．申请人
6．________vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示→________n．迹象→________n．指示器；指示物
7．________adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的→________adv.显然地；显而易见地
8．________n．处罚；惩罚→________v．处罚；惩罚
9．________n．正义；公平→________adj.正义的；公正的
10．________n．苦难；困苦→________adj.硬的；艰苦的adv.努力地
11．________n．大多数；大半→________adj.主要的vi.主修n.专业→________n．少数
12．________vi.发生；出现→________n．发生；发生频率
答案：1.distinct distinction 2.elect election 3.percentage percent 4.racial race 5.apply application applicant 6.indicate indication indicator 7.apparent apparently
8．punishment punish 9.justice just 10.hardship hard 11.majority major minority 12.occur occurrence
C．识记阅读单词
1．boom n． ______________
vi. ______________
2．slip vi. ______________
n. ______________
3．mourn vt.&vi. ______________
4．authority n. ______________
(pl.) ______________
5．nowhere adv. ______________
6．reform vt.&vi. ______________
n. ______________
答案：1.(人口、贸易的)繁荣 处于经济迅速发展时期 2.滑动；滑行；滑跤 滑动；滑倒 3.哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛 4.权威；权力 当局；官方 5.无处；到处都无 6．改革；革新 改革；改造；改良
Ⅱ.重点短语快速记
1．______________ 继续存在；继续生存
2．______________ 用……办法；借助……
3．______________ 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等
4．______________ 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)
5．______________ 与……合作或一起工作
6．______________ 用线画出范围；标出……界线
7．______________ 包括；吸收
8．______________ 申请；请示得到
9．______________ 背靠背
10．______________ 许多；很多
11．______________ 某人突然想到
12．______________ 大多数……
答案：1.live on 2.by means of... 3.make a life 4.keep up 5.team up with 6.mark out 7.take in 8.apply for 9．back to back 10.a great/good many 11.occur to sb 12.the majority of
Ⅲ.经典句式应用记
1．However，____________________(很有可能)Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.(It is/was likely that...很有可能……)
2．__________________(那就是为什么)today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.(why引导的表语从句)
3．____________________(人们认为)before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups，but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.(It is/was＋P.P.＋that...人们……/据……)
答案：1.it is likely that 2.That is why 3.It is believed that
Ⅰ.Fast-reading
1．Read the text quickly and fill in the blanks.
The text is about the brief________of California，which focuses on the________of the state.
2．Match the following parts with their main ideas.
①Part 1(Para.1) A．The history of people from different countries moving to California.
②Part 2(Paras.2—9) B．The future of California.
③Part 3(Para.10) C．A brief introduction to California.
答案：1.history settlement 2.①C ②A ③B
Ⅱ.Careful-reading
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1．Which is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population?
A．Los Angeles. B．Alaska.
C．San Francisco. D．California.
2．Scientists believe that the first settlers came to California by________．
A．sailing to the west in the Spanish ship
B．flying over the Pacific Ocean
C．crossing the Bering Strait in the Arctic by means of a land bridge
D．sailing to the south through the Indian Ocean
3．Indians and Pakistanis are attracted to California mostly by________．
A．the well-developed fishing industry
B．the promising computer industry
C．the rich natural resources
D．the famous film industry
4．Which is the right order of the immigrants reaching California between the 18th and the 20th century?
a．the Spanish b．the Danish c．the Italian d．the Russian e．the Chinese
A．a—d—e—c—b B．e—d—b—c—e
C．a—b—c—d—e D．d—e—a—c—b
5．This passage is most likely to be taken from a________．
A．newspaper B．geography book
C．novel D．film
答案：1.D 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.B
Ⅲ.Study-reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California，no one really knows.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] __________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2．Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period，it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] __________________________________________
______________________________________________________
答案：1.最早的一批人具体是在什么时候来到我们现在所知道的加利福尼亚州地区的，谁也说不清楚。
2．虽然中国移民在淘金热时期就开始来到(美国)，但是更大批量的中国移民却是在19世纪60年代为了修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。
如何写描述地点的说明文
1．文体特点。
描写或介绍某一地点的说明文需要注意的事项：
①理清与写作主题相关的地理知识及人文知识等；
②明确文章结构：首先进行总体简介，然后就具体方面展开描写，最后加以总结；
③找准时态与人称，理清写作顺序，将文章的要素有机结合起来。
2．亮点句式。
①Seasonal Garden is located at the crossing of Minzu South Street and Xiuye Road.
四季花园小区坐落在民族南街与修业路交汇处。
②There exists a supermarket next to the community.
紧挨小区有一家超市。
③There is a central hospital standing across the street.
街对面有一座中心医院。
④Behind the community is a beautiful park.
小区后是一个美丽的公园。
3．写作模板。
__________(某地)，is located in________(具体位置)．It has a population of about________．It is the largest city in________．(面积及人口)
_______is the cultural，education，business centre of________．It is a city of________．So many important events have been held here.________is a modern city with a long history and rich tour resources.(对某地详细介绍)
There are so many places for people to visit.The most famous are________．(休闲景点)
In a word，________is really a great and attractive city.(归纳总结)
假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Bob发来邮件询问你所在的城市——成都的概况。请根据表格信息，用英语给他回一封邮件。
地理位置
中国西南部
面积
14 312平方公里
人口
约1 500万
著名旅
游景点
都江堰(Dujiang Weir)、成都大熊猫繁育基地(The Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding)
特色小吃
火锅、担担面、麻婆豆腐(Ma Po Tofu)等
注意：1.词数100左右(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数)；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Bob，
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
[审题谋篇]
★审题定调
本写作任务从形式上看，要求写一封电子邮件，属于应用文。邮件的正文是介绍成都的概况，属于说明文，因此，正文内容应具备说明文的语言特点。人称以第三人称为主，时态以一般现在时为主。
★谋篇布局
地方介绍类的文章可以围绕一个地方的地理位置、面积、人口、气候、语言、历史文化、旅游景点、特色小吃等方面进行描述。写作时不一定要面面俱到，可根据具体的写作要求和目的，选择某些方面来描写。
因本写作任务开头和结尾已给出，所以我们只需写出正文部分即可。根据表格信息，正文部分可分为三部分：
第一部分：引出话题，说明写信目的；
第二部分：介绍成都概况(包括地理位置、面积和人口、著名景点以及特色小吃)；
第三部分：总结全文(期待对方来访)。
★组织语言
1．第一部分：引出话题，说明写信目的。
普遍表达
高级表达
·I'm glad to tell you something about...
·I'm happy to have received your e-mail.Now I'm writing to tell you something about...
·I'm pleased to give you a brief introduction to...
·I'm delighted to hear from you.Now I'd like to introduce...to you.
2.第二部分：介绍成都概况。
项目
普通表达
高级表达
地理
位置
·...is in/on/next to...
·...is in the east/west/...of...
·...is located/situated in...
·Located/Situated in...，
...is...
·...lies/sits on...
面积
·...is...square kilometres
(in area)．
·The area of...is...square kilometres.
·...covers/has an area of...
square kilometres.
·...is a(n)．..city/town/
...covering...
人口
·The population of...
is...
·There are...people
in...
·...has a population of...
·With a population of...
旅游
景点
·...has many tourist attractions，like/such
as...
·...is a dream place for those who love...
·There are many tourist attractions you can visit/well worth visiting in...，like/such as...
·...enjoys a high reputation for being the best tourist destination to...
特色
小吃
...is especially famous
for its delicious.../local snacks，of which...are very popular among tourists.
...is an absolute paradise(理想去处)for food lovers.
Many tourists come here especially for the delicious.../local snacks，such as...
3.第三部分：总结全文。
普通表达
高级表达
·This is...，a really beautiful/
...city/place/...
·Come here one day and enjoy its beauty for yourself.
·Such is...，a perfect city/place/...for vacations and living.
·Come here whenever you want.
【范文点评】
范文
点评
Dear Bob，
I'm delighted to hear from you.Now I'd like to introduce Chengdu to you.
Located in the southwest of China，Chengdu，the capital of Sichuan Province，covers an area of about 14，312 square kilometres with a population of about 15 million.There are many tourist attractions well worth visiting in Chengdu，like Dujiang Weir，the oldest functioning water-control project in the world.The Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding also enjoys a high reputation for being the best tourist destination to get closer to the rare giant panda.Chengdu is an absolute paradise for food lovers.Many tourists come here especially for the delicious spicy local snacks，such as hot pot，Dandan Noodles and Ma Po Tofu.
Such is Chengdu，a perfect city for vacations and living.Come here whenever you want．
Yours，
Li Hua
本文结构清晰，要点齐全，行文连贯紧凑，语言生动，如：be delighted to do...，cover an area of...，enjoy a high reputation for...，an absolute paradise for...等短语丰富了语言；located in...，there be...＋doing/done，whenever you want等丰富了句式
假如你是一名导游，你负责接待一个来自英国的旅游团，请你用英语向他们简要介绍一下长城。内容要点如下：
历史
有两千多年的历史
特点
世界上最长的城墙，长6 000多千米；
建筑材料主要为石头、砖头，修建工作都是人工进行；
主要用于防御外来入侵者，沿墙每隔几百米就有烽火台(watchtower)
现状
世界著名的旅游景点之一，每年吸引许多外国游客观光旅游
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Ladies and gentlemen，
Welcome to the Great Wall.I'm very delighted to be your guide here._______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Thanks again for listening.Wish you a good time in Beijing!
答案：
Ladies and gentlemen，
Welcome to the Great Wall.I'm very delighted to be your guide here.I'd like to take this opportunity to give you a brief introduction to the Great Wall.
The Great Wall，which is more than 6，000 kilometers long，is the longest wall in the world.It has a history of more than 2，000 years.It is made of stone and bricks and almost all the construction was done by hand without any machine.As the wall was built to defend the country against foreign invaders，there were watchtowers every few hundred metres along the wall.Now，the Great Wall is one of the most famous places of interest in the world and it attracts many visitors every year.It's so wonderful that people often say no visit to Beijing is complete without a visit to the Great Wall.
Thanks again for listening.Wish you a good time in Beijing！
A级 基础过关
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1．He won the________and was________president of the country.(elect)
2．He________that an________should give me some________of what I would do in the test.(indicate)
3．The results of the survey fell into________groups.The old were scholars of great________while the young were the opposite. (distinct)
4．________，she took no notice of the________mistakes in the accident.(apparent)
5．All the________can________in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in their________before May 6th.(apply)
6．One of the________problems is that a________of the graduates who________in English find it difficult to find a good job.(majority)
7．The gunmen will not escape____________________(punish)．
8．A new law has been brought in to discourage________ prejudice and ask equal rights for different________．(racial)
9．Though，as children，we thought this was crazy，it would never have________(occur)to us to deny Papa a request.
10．The boss of the company has a wise mind to grasp the chance to make his company________(boom)．
答案：1.election elected 2.indicated indicator indications 3.distinct distinction 4.Apparently apparent 5.applicants apply applications 6.major majority major 7.punishment 8.racial races 9.occurred 10.boom
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．____________________________________________________
he should go to see a dentist.
他突然想到他应该去看牙医。
2．I'd like to______________a position in your company.
我想在你们公司申请一个职位。
3．________________________________guests joined the picnic
in the courtyard.
许多客人加入院子里的野餐。
4．_________________________________it is a worthwhile task.
人们认为这是一项值得做的工作。
5．He said he___________________________________Miller in
a number of crimes.
他说他和米勒合作进行了一系列犯罪活动。
答案：1.It suddenly occurred to him that 2.apply for
3．A great many 4.It is believed that 5.teamed up with
Ⅲ.话题微写作
假设你的家乡是一个依山傍水的小镇。中华人民共和国成立前，这里的人们生活极其贫困；中华人民共和国成立后，人们的生活在各个方面都发生了很大的变化。请根据以下提示写一篇80词左右的短文，介绍该镇的变化情况。
1．人口：约20万；
2．面积：约360平方千米；
3．地理概况：坐落在山脚下，面临一条大河，新建了许多工厂、商店、医院、学校等；
4．教育：中华人民共和国成立前只有一所学校，只有富家子弟可以上学。现在有10所学校，每个孩子都可以上学；
5．生活：丰富多彩，人们工作之余，可以逛商店、看电影、跳舞、参加体育活动等。
句型提示：
①It has a population of...
②It covers an area of...
③Great changes have taken place...
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
答案：
My hometown is a small town.It has a population of about 200 thousand and covers an area of about 360 square kilometres.It is at the foot of a big mountain.In the town lies a big river.
Before the founding of the People's Repulic of China，people there lived a hard life.Great changes have taken place there since the founding of the people's Republic of China.They have built many factories，shops，hospitals and schools.The school education has also improved.Before the founding of the People's Repulic of China there was only one school where only children of wealthy families could go to school.Now there are 10 schools.Every child can go to school.
In a word，people's lives are colourful now.After a day's work，they can go shopping，see films，go dancing and have sports.They all live a happy life.
B级 能力提升
Ⅳ.阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)During the rosy years of elementary school (小学)，I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes，which allowed me to keep my high social status.I was the queen of the playground.Then came my tweens and teens，and mean girls and cool kids.They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes，breaking rules and playing jokes on others，among whom I soon found myself.
Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology.Mitch Prinstein，a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories：the likable and the status seekers.The likables' plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships，jump-start interpersonal skills and，when tapped early，are employed ever after in life and work.Then there's the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence：status born of power and even dishonorable behaviour.
Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed，Dr Prinstein's studies show unpleasant consequences.Those who were highest in status in high school，as well as those least liked in elementary school，are “most likely to engage (从事) in dangerous and risky behaviour”．
In one study，Dr Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents，scoring the least liked，the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys (调查研究)．“We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates.But so had those who were high in status.It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment，high status has just the opposite effect on us.”
Dr Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbours want you on a play date—sharing，kindness，openness—carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.
In analyzing his and other research，Dr Prinstein came to another conclusion：Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes，but it is also responsible for those outcomes，too.“Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage，” he said.
【语篇解读】 本文主要探讨了青少年小学与中学阶段的受欢迎类型及其影响。
1．What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?
A．Unkind. B．Lonely.
C．Generous. D．Cool.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的第一句“During the rosy years of elementary school(小学)，I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes，which allowed me to keep my high social status”可知，作者在小学时乐于分享。unkind“不友好的”，lonely“孤独的”，generous“慷慨的，大方的”，cool“酷的”，故选C。
答案：C
2．What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A．The classification of the popular.
B．The characteristics of adolescents.
C．The importance of interpersonal skills.
D．The causes of dishonourable behaviour.
解析：段落大意题。根据第二段的第二句“Mitch Prinstein，a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories：the likable and the status seekers”可知，受欢迎的人被分为两类：受人喜爱的人和追求地位的人，接着第三、四句分别描述了两类受欢迎的人的特征，故A项最能概括本段主要内容。
答案：A
3．What did Dr Prinstein's study find about the most liked kids?
A．They appeared to be aggressive.
B．They tended to be more adaptable.
C．They enjoyed the highest status.
D．They performed well academically.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的最后一句“It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment，high status has just the opposite effect on us”可知，受人喜爱的人能够进行健康的调整，故选B。
答案：B
4．What is the best title for the text?
A．Be Nice—You Won't Finish Last
B．The Higher the Status，the Better
C．Be the Best—You Can Make It
D．More Self-Control，Less Aggressiveness
解析：标题判断题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段的第一句“In analyzing his and other research，Dr Prinstein came to another conclusion：Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes，but it is also responsible for those outcomes，too”可知，受人喜爱与积极的人生结果相关，是这些结果的成因。因此，对人友好，你的人生不会太差，故选A。
答案：A
Ⅴ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Because of work，school or family responsibilities，many people have no time to take an extended vacation.__1__Therefore，there is one popular choice for them—a mini vacation.
A mini vacation is a one to three days' getaway.Unlike the standard vacation，it doesn't require weeks of planning and needn't cost much.__2__You will have the chance to get your mind off work and take a break from your regular routine.
Quite often，a mini vacation is scheduled around an official holiday or school break，in order to avoid taking too many personal days off from work or having to pull children out of classes.A typical long weekend could start after work or school on Friday and end the night before a regular schedule comes again.Time is really limited，__3__
An overnight trip to an amusement park nearby could be considered a mini vacation.It has advantages.People can enjoy an inexpensive vacation from the stresses of work or school.__4__Many people are surprisingly unaware of interesting attractions located within a few hours of their hometowns，but local hotels and visitor centres often have lots of informational booklets on local attractions.
__5__It includes minimal(最少的) packing and little gas.Other costs may include entry fees of the attractions，hotel reservations，meals and souvenirs.Some vacationers on limited budgets may be able to stay overnight with relatives or friends.They can also save money by purchasing inexpensive meals at local stores or fast food restaurants.
A．Stop at any scenic spot that looks interesting.
B．A mini vacation generally calls for less money.
C．But it will still provide the same basic content of any trip.
D．A mini vacation is also sometimes annoying to prepare for.
E．So people usually look for destinations within a few hours of their homes.
F．Besides，they are still able to drive back home for emergencies if necessary.
G．Others may have the time，but not have the money to travel for a week or longer.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了当下受人们欢迎的迷你假期。
1．解析：此空设于段中，与前文形成对比。前文说许多人没有时间去度长假，故G项，“Others may...week or longer.”符合语境，说明有些有时间的人不能度长假是由于没有足够的钱。
答案：G
2．解析：此空设于段中，与前文形成转折关系。前文说迷你假期不需要数周的计划且花费少，故C项，“But it...any trip.”符合语境，说明虽与长假不同，但迷你假期也可以有跟长假一样的基本内容和乐趣。
答案：C
3．解析：此空设于段尾，与前文形成因果关系。前文说迷你假期时间有限。故E项，“So people usually..their homes.”符合语境，说明人们由于时间有限通常会选择离家较近的目的地。
答案：E
4．解析：此空设于段中，与前文形成递进关系。前文说迷你假期经济实惠且同样能让人放松心情。F项，“Besides，they are...if necessary.”符合语境。除此之外，人们还可以在紧急情况出现时立即返回家中。这都是迷你假期的好处。
答案：F
5．解析：此空处于段首，是本段的主题句。本段后面的内容主要介绍了迷你假期的费用，且说明了迷你假期不需要花费很多钱。故B项，“A mini...less money.”符合语境。
答案：B
Ⅵ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Imagine what your life would be like if all of the things that most of us take for granted(理所当然的)were not there.Then imagine that you were a young child living in that environment with no hope and no end of __1__．
Liz Murray spent her childhood living in such a(n) __2__．Her parents were drug addicts and AIDS patients.
Liz __3__，from a very young age，that she was not only going to take care of herself but also her parents.Her parents' income was always spent on drugs.
When Liz was six，her mother died from AIDS.When she was 15，Liz became __4__ and spent the next several years living on the street，or sleeping in subways all night in order to stay __5__．
Living in such an environment made it impossible for Liz to __6__ school at all.
__7__ she got turned down by many schools，Liz continued to __8__ for an education and was finally __9__ into the Humanities Preparatory Academy in Manhattan where she was befriended by two __10__ teachers.
When it was time for Liz to __11__ college，a teacher suggested that she consider Harvard.He told her，“Sure it would be a __12__，but it's not impossible.”What happened next was not fiction but __13__，Liz was accepted by Harvard.
Liz stopped her education at Harvard in 2001 to __14__ for her father who was sick with AIDS until he died.Liz later __15__ to Harvard and graduated in 2009.
She now travells internationally and is a highly sought-after __16__ speaker.She is the founder and director of a company that inspires adults to achieve __17__ things in their lives，as Liz has.
Her life story was __18__ for an original film—Homeless to Harvard：The Liz Murray Story.
She is an inspiration to everyone who is__19__ enough to cross paths with her.The next time you doubt your __20__ to accomplish something that is very important to you，think again.Think of Liz.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。莉斯·默里童年饱尝苦难，一度流落街头，然而她勇敢而博爱，一直照顾自己患病的父母，经过不懈努力考上了哈佛大学。她的故事被改编成电影《风雨哈佛路》，激励着全世界的人们砥砺前行。
1．A.sickness B．hardness
C．happiness D．loneliness
解析：根据第一段中“all of the things that most of us take for granted were not there”以及与此空并列的“no hope”可知，此处为无尽的苦难(hardness)。
答案：B
2．A.background B．emotion
C．environment D．area
解析：根据第一段中environment可知，莉斯正处在上文所述的恶劣的环境(environment)里。
答案：C
3．A.insisted B．learned
C．required D．suggested
解析：根据第二、三段可知，莉斯的父母为瘾君子，从小她就知道(learned)她不仅要照顾自己还要照顾父母。
答案：B
4．A.worthless B．hopeless
C．homeless D．independent
解析：根据第四段可知，15岁的时候，莉斯无家可归(homeless)，常常流落街头，在地下人行道里过夜来取暖(warm)。
答案：C
5．A.warm B．clear
C．alone D．awake
解析：参见上题。
答案：A
6．A.graduate from B．know about
C．leave D．attend
解析：根据上下文可知，莉斯的生活环境如此窘迫，几乎不可能上(attend)学。
答案：D
7．A.Because B．Although
C．Until D．Since
解析：根据下文可知，莉斯经过努力(struggle for)继续学业。因此，尽管(Although)很多学校拒绝接收她，她依然没有放弃。
答案：B
8．A.struggle B．make
C．stand D．wait
解析：参见上题。
答案：A
9．A.attracted B．invited
C．accepted D．appointed
解析：根据上文可知，莉斯很努力，最终被一所高中接受(accepted)。
答案：C
10．A.curious B．inspiring
C．satisfying D．serious
解析：根据第七段可知，老师建议她在申请(apply to)大学的时候选择哈佛大学，告诉她虽然这所学校对她来说有些距离(reach)，但这不是不可能，由此可知，这里的老师是激励(inspiring)她的。
答案：B
11．A.access B．apply to
C．appeal to D．visit
解析：参见上题。
答案：B
12．A.reach B．secret
C．difficulty D．puzzle
解析：参见上题。
答案：A
13．A.belief B．relief
C．reality D．challenge
解析：根据最后她被哈佛大学录取可知，申请学校之后所发生的事不是小说故事，而是事实(reality)。
答案：C
14．A.act B．care
C．look D．allow
解析：根据上文可知，莉斯很有孝心和爱心。在哈佛大学上学期间，她中途休学去照顾(care for)患病的父亲，直到他去世后才返回(returned)哈佛大学继续学业。
答案：B
15．A.returned B．preferred
C．took D．stuck
解析：参见上题。
答案：A
16．A.practical B．motivational
C．political D．technical
解析：根据倒数第三段可知，莉斯毕业后到世界各地去演讲，成为备受人们推崇的励志(motivational)演说家，而且创办了公司，旨在激励人们创造非凡的(uncommon)成就。
答案：B
17．A.effective B．different
C．basic D．uncommon
解析：参见上题。
答案：D
18．A.admitted B．devoted
C．adapted D．used
解析：根据最后两段可知，莉斯的故事被改编(adapted)成电影，对每个有幸(fortunate)遇见她的人来说都是一种鼓励。下次当你怀疑自己能力(ability)的时候，想想莉斯的奋斗历程吧。
答案：C
19．A.suitable B．fortunate
C．interesting D．energetic
解析：参见上题。
答案：B
20．A.quality B．safety
C．ability D．identity
解析：参见上题。
答案：C
课件131张PPT。Unit 1 A land of diversity
