2020广东中考英语完形填空与阅读理解专题练习（含答案）

2020广东中考英语能力题专训
板块1 完形填空

TEST 1
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答案写在题前括号内。
A teacher was giving a talk to his students on stress(压力)management. He raised a glass of water and asked them, “How 46 do you think this glass of water is?” The students began to think and 47 .
Their answers were different, from 20g to 500g. “It does not matter on the real 48 . It depends on how long you hold it. If I hold it for a 49 , it is OK. If I hold it for an hour, I will have an ache in my right arm. If I hold it for a day, I will have to call a doctor. It is the exact same weight, but the 50 I hold it, the heavier it becomes. What we have to do is to put the glass 51 , rest for a while and then hold it up again. ”
“If we carry our burdens(负担)all the time, we will not be able to 52 . The burden will become increasingly heavier. We have to put down the burden every now and then, so that we can be refreshed and are able to carry on. ” So 53 you return home from work tonight, put the burden of work down. Don’t carry it back home. 54 burdens you have, let them down for a moment if you can.
And learn to 55 yourselves. Life is short but amazing, cherish every day and make it full!
（ ） 46. A. heavy B. full C. much D. long
（ ） 47. A. read B. watch C. guess D. listen
（ ） 48. A. glass B. weight C. water D. height
（ ） 49. A. minute B. night C. day D. week
（ ） 50. A. shorter B. better C. longer D. sooner
（ ） 51. A. down B. up C. back D. forward
（ ） 52. A. get on B. put on C. come on D. carry on
（ ） 53. A. after B. since C. before D. until
（ ） 54. A. However B. Whatever
C. Whenever D. Wherever
（ ） 55. A. save B. help C. care D. relax
答案 ACBAC ADCBD
TEST 2
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答案写在题前括号内。
People succeed and people fail. Some say nothing is 46 while some say they can’t succeed. I believe where there is a will, there is a(n) 47 . If we work hard, we will succeed one day. I am 48 because Mr. “I can’t” has been forgotten by me.
I will never 49 the day when I, a primary school student of Grade 3, together with my classmates buried(埋葬)Mr. “I can’t”. On that day, our 50 asked us to write down all the things that we couldn’t 51 . We all did as she told us to. In a moment, our paper was 52 with a lot of “I can’ts”. Then we were told to fold the paper and hand it in. She put the paper in a box and led 53 to the farthest corner of the playground.
She then asked us to dig a hole and bury the box. We couldn’t 54 her until she said “Goodbye, Mr. ‘I can’t. ”. Then she asked us to remember the day, be confident and decide our own future.
The lesson has left a(n) 55 impression(印象)on me. It makes me understand that one should have the courage to say goodbye to Mr. “I can’t” and be self-confident(自信)if he wishes to achieve his dreams.
（ ） 46. A. successful B. impossible
C. necessary D. important
（ ） 47. A. way B. idea C. dream D. circle
（ ） 48. A. tired B. poor C. relaxed D. confident
（ ） 49. A. miss B. change C. forget D. remember
（ ） 50. A. teacher B. relative C. lawyer D. scientist
（ ） 51. A. make B. read C. do D. reply
（ ） 52. A. agreed B. cut C. discovered D. covered
（ ） 53. A. them B. her C. us D. it
（ ） 54. A. meet B. understand C. see D. refuse
（ ） 55. A. deep B. different C. wrong D. opposite
答案 BADCA CDCBA
TEST 3
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答案写在题前括号内。
I had been swimming competitively for about five years and was ready to quit(退出), because I 46 receiving “Honorable Mentions(鼓励奖)”at each competition, which simply means, “Thank you for coming.
You didn’t even get the first, the second 47 the third, but we don’t want you to go home with 48 . ”
The very day before a big swim meet, I decided to tell my grandma that I was leaving the swim team. When I told her about my 49 , she asked me to stand straight and said to me 50 , “Baby, remember these words! A quitter never wins and a winner never quits. I never 51 losers or quitters.
You go to that swim meet tomorrow, and swim like you are a grandchild of mine. Do you hear me?”
I was too 52 to say no. The next day I arrived at the swim meet. I realized the other girls were here to do one thing—beat me. The competition began and I was swimming 53 than before. I noticed I was tied with one person.
I thought we were competing for the eighth place and I 54 to finish dead last, so I added more energy on the last two hundred meters. I hit the 55 and looked to the left and to the right for the swimmers who had beaten me, but no one was there. That day, at age fifteen, I broke the national 16-year-old 400-freestyle record.
（ ） 46. A. missed B. hated C. enjoyed D. stopped
（ ） 47. A. or B. so C. but D. and
（ ） 48. A. anything B. nothing
C. something D. everything
（ ） 49. A. direction B. operation C. education D. decision
（ ） 50. A. happily B. luckily C. quickly D. seriously
（ ） 51. A. take up B. set up C. turn up D. bring up
（ ） 52. A. happy B. excited C. afraid D. bored
（ ） 53. A. harder B. later C. slower D. earlier
（ ） 54. A. planned B. began C. refused D. expected
（ ） 55. A. water B. wall C. sign D. line
答案 BABDD DCACB
TEST 4
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答案写在题前括号内。
This story tells of two sporting heroes who made an impossible dream come true. Bob was a young jockey(骑师)with a 46 future. Then, one day he fell off his horse. He went to the doctor because of his injuries(伤)and was surprised 47 he discovered that he had cancer. The medical treatment lasted many months and made him very 48 . At times, he nearly died.
At the same time, there was a successful horse called Aldaniti. 49 , during one race, the horse got a serious injury. The horse’s owners 50 to end the horse’s life though the doctor advised the horse’s trainer to do so. They looked after Aldaniti for a whole year and the horse’s injuries got better.
By this time, Bob left 51 . Slowly, he got better, too. Eight months later, he returned to his job as a jockey. A month after that, he rode the winning horse in a race. Soon afterwards, Aldaniti also 52 to the training.
Early the next year, 53 Bob and Aldaniti were almost back to full fitness. Now there was a new plan. Bob 54 to ride Aldaniti in the Grand National(全国越野障碍赛马). People watching the race knew all about the pair’s fights against the illness and pain. They thought Aldaniti and Bob were real sporting 55 . Everyone wished them to have a happy ending.
（ ） 46. A. common B. bright C. normal D. necessary
（ ） 47. A. unless B. when C. before D. until
（ ） 48. A. old B. scared C. poor D. weak
（ ） 49. A. Unluckily B. Luckily C. Happily D. Suddenly
（ ） 50. A. refused B. prepared C. regretted D. forgot
（ ） 51. A. work B. school C. home D. hospital
（ ） 52. A. went B. left C. returned D. moved
（ ） 53. A. all B. either C. both D. neither
（ ） 54. A. needed B. agreed C. decided D. failed
（ ） 55. A. heroes B. players C. runners D. dreamers
答案 BBDAA DCCCA
板块2 阅读理解
TEST 1
A
If we laid all of the blood vessels(血管)in the human body end to end, they would reach about 100,000 km long. That's nearly two and a half times around Earth!????
B
For the first time, Coca-Cola has showed that it uses 3,000,000 tons of plastic bottles each year. That's the eight of 15,000 blue whales—the largest animal on Earth.
C
If your throat tickles(发痒), pressing your ear might make it go away. That's because your throat and ears share the same group of nerves(神经). When you press your ear, the nerves in your throat can feel it.
D
It takes about 7 to 8 trees to make enough O2 for one person to breathe for a year. Each person needs around 750 kg of O2 per year. A large tree might make around 100 kg of O2 per year.
?E
To young children, a year might seem to last forever. But older people might say that it flies by. Why is that? According to the US scientists, young people's brains deal with information faster than older people. They take in more information and do more things in a day. So they feel like each day lasts longer. However, older people's brains take in less information and see a day pass more quickly.
?F
About 200 muscles(肌肉)work together when you take a step. That's a lot of work for your muscles, since many people take about 10,000 steps a day. If you want to get some easy exercise, walking is good for you.

1.Match passages A~F with the two topics:①People & Surroundings;②The Human Body. Which of the follow-ing is right?
A.①—AB;②—CDEF
B.①—BDF;②—ACE
C.①—BD;②—ACEF
2.What's the best title for all the six passages?
A.Surprising World
B.Amazing Facts
C.Unbelievable Figures
3.Why does the editor present readers the six passages?
A.To help readers know more about human body and environmental protection.
B.To ask readers to protect the environment and take more exercise.
C.To tell readers to have less unhealthy drink and plant more trees.
4.Which of the following questions is answered in the passages?
A.Why do kids and older people feel a year differently?
B.Why could a large tree produce about 100 kg of O2 per year?
C.How do our 200 muscles work together when we take a step?
5.Which of the following leads to the figure “30,000”?
A.The amount of muscles working together by taking 150 steps.
B.The length of vessels in 3 human bodies joining together.
C.The weight of O2 for 40 persons to breathe a year.
答案
[语篇解读]　本阅读分为六篇小文章,主要讲了一些有关人的身体和人与环境的话题。
1.C　主旨大意题。A篇通过列数字、作比较的方法来向我们说明人类血管的长度。B篇通过列数字、作比较的方法说明人类使用塑料的数量之大。 C篇说的是喉咙和耳朵的联系。D篇说的是一个人一年需要的氧气由七到八棵树提供。E篇说的是老年人和年轻人对于时间的感知不同,是由于老年人和年轻人大脑对信息处理的速度不同。F篇说的是走路能锻炼肌肉,是一种不错的运动。由以上可知,B和D属People & Surroundings的范畴;ACEF属The Human Body的范畴。故此题选C。
2.B　主旨大意题。A意为“令人惊讶的世界”;B意为“令人惊叹的事实”;C意为“难以置信的数字”。六篇短文主要说的是令人惊叹的事实,故选B。
3.A????推理判断题。由六篇短文大意可知,本阅读主要是帮助读者更多地了解人的身体和环境保护的问题,故选A。
4.A　细节理解题。由E篇可知,老年人和年轻人对于时间的感知不同,是因为年轻人的大脑处理信息速度比老年人的大脑处理信息的速度快,故选A。D篇只是说了每人每年需要消耗多少氧气以及这些氧气由几棵树来提供,没有说明一棵大树每年为什么能够提供大约100千克氧气,故B不符合题意。F篇只说了肌肉在人们活动中的作用,并没有说明人在走路时肌肉是如何工作的,故C选项也不符合题意。
5.C　推理判断题。由D篇中“Each person needs around 750 kg of O2 per year.”可知一人一年大约需要750千克氧气,40个人一年大约需要30,000千克氧气,故选C。由F篇可知,走一步大约需要200块肌肉工作,不管走多少步,参与工作的肌肉是不变的,故A不符合题意。由A篇可知一个人的血管连起来就是100,000千米长,三个人就更长了,超出了题目中的30,000,故B不符合题意。
长难句
That's a lot of work for your muscles,since many people take about 10,000 steps a day.由于很多人每天要走大约一万步,那对你的肌肉来说是相当大的工作量。
主句为That's a lot of work for your muscles,从句为since many people take about 10,000 steps a day,引导词since意为“因为,由于”,引导原因状语从句。
重点词汇　reach v.达到;到达　 weight n.重量　breathe v.呼吸
词汇积累　deal with 处理
TEST 2
Cinyee Chiu, an artist from Taiwan, is always happy to try something new. Her amazing works won lots of prizes. Among them,“24 Solar Terms(节气)”is the most popular.
Ancient Chinese divided a year into 24 parts according to the changes of the weather. It's the 24 solar terms. But not everyone knows them well. Cinyee Chiu put the 24 solar terms in pictures to help people understand them better.
Cinyee turned each solar term into an animal. But these animals are not just animals. You can also find seasonal fruits, vegetables or beautiful flowers on them.
When spring comes, water gets warm and fish start to swim around. So Cinyee chose fish as a symbol of Start of Spring. Also, she drew spring vegetables, Chinese chives on the back of the fish.
White Dew falls on about Sept. 8. It shows the beginning of the cool autumn. There are colorful leaves and cooler nights at this time of year. As the temperature falls, white dew(露珠)is often seen on the grass and trees at night. For White Dew, Cinyee chose a raccoon—a small animal with thick hair. She drew white spots(小圆点)on the raccoon to show dew. And she used the dragon fruit to show the rich colors in autumn.
The young artist really gave the ancient Chinese culture a new look.
1.The writer gave 　　???? examples to show Cinyee's “24 Solar Terms”.
A.two　　B.three　　C.four　　D.five
2.From Paragraph 5, we know that　　????.
A.a raccoon likes fish
B.Start of Spring falls on about Dec. 8
C.White Dew shows the end of the autumn
D.Cinyee used white spots to show dew
3.According to the passage, Picture 　　???? can't be from Cinyee's “24 Solar Terms”.

4.The writer mainly wants to talk about 　　????.
A.why Cinyee made herself known
B.who divided a year into 24 parts
C.how Cinyee showed the 24 solar terms
D.what Start of Spring and White Dew mean
答案
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一位来自台湾的画家Cinyee Chiu。她用动植物的和谐搭配,把中国二十四节气生动地展现在我们面前。
1.A　细节理解题。文章第四段和第五段以立春和白露两个节气为例,向我们展示了她的二十四节气。
2.D　细节理解题。根据第五段的倒数第二句She drew white spots on the raccoon to show dew.可知,她在浣熊身上使用白色的小圆点表示露珠,故选D。
3.D　推理判断题。根据第四段第一、二句“When spring comes, water gets warm and fish start to swim around. So Cinyee chose fish as a symbol of Start of Spring.”可知,她用鱼来表达“立春”,而不是小鸟,故选D。
4.C　主旨大意题。纵观全文可知,本文作者在介绍Cinyee Chiu是怎样展示二十四节气的,故选C。
重点词汇　artist n.画家　culture n.文化
词汇积累　raccoon n.浣熊
TEST 3
Don't Judge a Book by Its Cover Ever since I was a little girl, I've loved reading crime and detective(侦探)novels, so I guess it was pretty normal that I started writing them when I was older. However, my family is very big on having a traditional career(职业)and so when I said that I wanted to go to college and study writing, my parents told me that I couldn????t. They told me that I had to study for a degree so that I would achieve a career, and not something as risky as writing. I suppose I could have studied journalism(新闻专业), but I didn't want to lose interest in writing because it would be something I would do every day for work, not for pleasure. I thought that teaching looked like a pretty good compromise(妥协), especially because of the long holidays. It was a good choice:by the time I was twenty-five, I'd already finished two novels and had an agent.
To be honest, I never meant to keep my being a crime writer a secret or anything, and my friends have always known. One of the reasons most people don't know is because my agent told me that my name Hazel sounded too much like a romance(浪漫)novelist for older women. She suggested Brooke Lane and I thought,“Well, if you think it'll make me successful, okay.” I'd totally forgotten about it until I walked into school one day and saw one of my workmates reading my novel. I asked her some questions about it, and it was so clear that she had no idea that I'd written it—she even offered to lend it to me after she'd finished! Of course, sometimes I wonder what my students would think if they knew that their teacher was going home on the weekend to write about murders and dead bodies, but I think my parents probably did me a favor: my teaching job keeps me in touch with the real world.
1.Hazel is probably　　????.
A.an agent　　B.a journalist
C.a teacher and artist　　D.a teacher and writer
2.The underlined words“is very big on” in the passage most probably mean 　　????.
A.to give no advice
B.to like something very much
C.to have more experiences
D.to misunderstand something
3.It's clear that Hazel 　　????.
A.agreed to study journalism for a degree
B.accepted Brooke Lane as her pen name
C.would like to write something for teaching
D.told her workmates about her writing novels
4.Hazel finally realized that her parents' advice on her career was 　　????.
A.helpful　　B.exciting
C.disappointing　　D.risky
5.We can infer from the passage that 　　????.
A.Hazel likes showing off in public
B.Hazel's students all want to write novels
C.Hazel's agent has played a role in her success
D.older women prefer the name Brooke to Hazel
答案
[语篇解读]　不能通过封皮来评判一本书,也不能通过一个人的职业来了解他的爱好。这篇文章就向我们诠释了这个道理。
1.D　细节理解题。通过文章第一段最后两句和第二段的第二句可知,Hazel既是教师又是作家, 故本题选择D。
2.B　词义猜测题。由第一段第三句可知“我”的父母希望“我”能够有一个不像写作那样有风险的职业。可以猜出此处的意思是“非常喜欢”, 故本题选择B。
3.B　细节理解题。通过文章第二段的第三句可知,Hazel接受了Brooke Lane作为笔名, 故本题选择B。
4.A　细节理解题。从文章最后“但是我认为我的父母很可能帮了我一个忙:我的教师工作使得我可以接触真实的世界”可以判断出来,父母在职业方面的建议是有帮助的, 故本题选择A。
5.C　推理判断题。从第二段的第四、五句可知,Hazel的代理人建议换过笔名之后,有同事对Hazel的书籍非常感兴趣, 故本题选择C。
长难句
One of the reasons most people don't know is because my agent told me that my name Hazel sounded too much like a romance novelist for older women.其中一个大多数人不知道的原因是我的代理人告诉我,我的名字Hazel对于年长一些的女士们来说非常像一个浪漫的小说家。 本句话是一个含有定语从句、宾语从句和表语从句的主从复合句,句子结构比较复杂。定语从句most people don't know修饰先行词reasons;由because引导的表语从句中含有一个宾语从句that my name Hazel sounded too much like a romance novelist for older women。
重点词汇　judge v.判断;choice n.选择;agent n.代理人
TEST 4
A new study finds that more than eighty percent of Internet users in the United States search for health information online.
Susannah Fox from the Pew Internet Project says doctors are still the main source of health information. But the study found that searching online is one of the leading ways that people look for a second opinion. He says, “People are sort of fact-checking what they have heard from a doctor. Our studies show that people are still very likely to turn to a health doctor when they need a diagnosis(诊断)or are planning a treatment.”
Forty percent of people are actually looking for doctors or other providers when they search for health information online. Two thirds of Internet users look online for information about a certain disease or medical condition.
The Internet has also become an important source of spiritual support for people with health problems. Susannah Fox says one in five Internet users has gone online to find other people who have the same condition.
A disease is considered uncommon if it affects(侵袭)fewer than 200,000 people worldwide. The rise of social networking has made it easier for people with uncommon diseases to connect with each other and feel less alone. Social networking is also changing the way some doctors and patients communicate with each other.
Dr Jeff Livingston operates a medical centre for women in Irving, Texas. His office uses password-protected software to share information with patients. He says the software has increased efficiency(效率), reduced costs and improved relations with patients. It has just changed the way we do health care. His medical centre also has a Facebook page, a MySpace page and a Twitter feed.
1.　　???? is one of the most popular ways people look for health information.
A.Asking their parents
B.The Pew Internet Project
C.Searching online
D.Reading books on medicine
2.What makes people search for health information online?
A.People's interest in health.
B.People's health condition.
C.Importance of the Internet.
D.The rise of online treatment.
3.From the fourth paragraph we know that 　　????.
A.people with health problems go online to look for the new treatment
B.people with health problems try to share their experience with others online
C.people with health problems encourage each other online to fight against diseases
D.The Internet becomes a place for people with health problems to reduce worries
4.According to Paragraph 5, social networking 　　????.
A.becomes a new way for doctors and patients to communicate with each other
B.encourages people to get more help from doctors online in time
C.helps people to get more confidence about the treatment of their diseases
D.makes people easier to know more about what their diseases are
5.What can we infer(推断)from the last paragraph?
A.The Internet is an easy way for doctors to treat their patients.
B.Doctors should change their way to treat their patients.
C.Facebook, MySpace and Twitter become efficient tools for doctors.
D.Most patients would like to ask their doctors for help online now.
答案
[语篇解读]　在线搜索成为最受人们欢迎的查找健康信息的方式之一。医生应该改变他们治疗病人的方
式。
1.C　细节理解题。由第一段中“more than...online”可知选C。
2.B　推理判断题。由第三段可知,人们的健康状况使得人们上网搜索。
3.D　推理判断题。由第四段中的“spiritual support”和“find other people who have the same condition”
可知,D项是正确的。
4.A　细节理解题。根据第五段第二、三句可知选A。
5.B　推理判断题。由最后一段倒数第二句“It has just changed the way we do health care.”可知选B。
长难句
But the study found that searching online is one of the leading ways that people look for a second opinion.但是研究表明,在线搜索是人们寻找第二意见的主要方式之一。
found后为that引导的宾语从句,该宾语从句中又包含that people look for a second opinion这一定语从句。
重点词汇　search for搜索　likely adj.可能的　disease n.疾病　condition n.条件,状况
TEST 5
World-famous physicist(物理学家)Stephen Hawking died peacefully at his home in Cambridge on March 14th, 2018.
Hawking was born in Oxford, England on January 8th, 1942. He went to school in a small city near London. As he himself admitted, he wasn't very serious about studying. He did very little work; he was never top of his class. However, he still achieved good marks. After leaving school, Hawking first went to Oxford University to study physics. Then he went to Cambridge University to study cosmology(宇宙学).
At the age of 21, Hawking noticed something wrong with him. He had a bad illness that stopped him from moving and talking. He couldn't communicate except by blinking(眨眼). He sat on a wheelchair with a computer by his side. To communicate with others, he moved two fingers to control the computer's mouse. He chose his words from the screen, which were then spoken by a voice synthesizer(音响合成器). “I've had the disease for most of my life,” Hawking once said. “Yet it has not stopped me from being successful at my work.”
Although Hawking was a disabled man, he made great achievements. He received many awards and prizes for his work, including the Albert Einstein Award—the highest achievement in physics.
Hawking worked at Cambridge University as a professor. His story shows that nobody, however bad their situation is, should lose hope. “Life is not fair,” he once said. “You just have to do the best you can in your own situation.”
1.When did Stephen Hawking pass away?
A.On January 8th,1942.
B.On March 14th,2018.
C.On March 24th,2018.
2.During studying in a small city near London, we know that 　　????.
A.Stephen Hawking was the best student of his class
B.Stephen Hawking didn't work hard at his lessons
C.Stephen Hawking began to study cosmology
3.What happened to Stephen Hawking when he was 21?
A.There was something wrong with his head.
B.He couldn't even blink to communicate except by moving fingers.
C.He could neither talk nor move.
4.How did Stephen Hawking communicate with others after the bad illness?
A.By mouth.
B.By body languages.
C.By a voice synthesizer.
5.Why was Stephen Hawking so successful at his work?
A.Because he never lost hope in his own condition.
B.Because life was not fair to him.
C.Because he had a bad illness.
答案
[语篇解读]　本文介绍了曾被誉为世界上最聪明的人之一——斯蒂芬·霍金。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段可知世界著名的物理学家斯蒂芬·霍金于2018年3月14日在剑桥他自己家中平静地去世了。故答案为B。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第二段第三句...he wasn????t very serious about studying.可知他对学习并不是十分认真。故答案为B。
3.C????细节理解题。由第三段第二句话He had a bad illness that stopped him from moving and talking.可知他身患严重的疾病,以至于不能行走和讲话。故答案为C。
4.C　细节理解题。mouth 嘴巴,body language 肢体语言,a voice synthesizer一个音响合成器。由第三段第五句和第六句可知他用手指控制电脑鼠标,并从屏幕上选择自己想说的话,再由音响合成器说出来。故答案为C。
5.A????推理判断题。由文章最后一段可知任何人都不应失去信心,要根据自己的情况尽自己最大的努力。故答案为A。