必修1
Unit 1 Friendship知识点归纳梳理
/重点词汇/
add增加??
point??点，指
upset沮丧的；使..沮丧?
ignore?忽视，不理睬
calm平静的；使..平静
concern涉及，担忧
loose松开??
cheat欺骗
reason?理由，原因
list?列出
share分享
feeling感受
Netherlands?荷兰
German德国人；德语；德国的；德国人的?
outdoors室外地?
crazy疯狂的?
nature?自然，性质
purpose目的
dare?敢
thunder?雷；打雷
entirely完全地?
power?权利，力量
according根据
trust?信任
indoors室内地?
suffer遭受
teenager?青少年
advice建议?
questionnaire文件
quiz小测验?
situation形式，局面，情况
editor编辑??
communicate交流
habit习惯
/重点短语/
be?good?to?对….友好??
add?up?合计???
get?sth?done?使…被做??
calm?down?镇定下来???
have?got?to?不得不??
walk?the?dog?遛狗???
make?a?list?of?列出???
hide?away?躲藏；隐藏??
be?concerned?about?关心；挂念??
share?sth?with?sb?和某人分享某物?
go?through?经历；仔细检查?
set?down?放下；记下??
a?series?of?一系列；一套??
be?crazy?about?对…着迷???
on?purpose?故意???
in?order?to/?so?as?to?为了??
face?to?face?面对面地???
get?along?on?with?与…相处
pack?up?收拾，打理行装??
according?to?按照；根据…所说?
have?trouble?with?sb/sth?同某人闹意见；做…有困难
communicate?with?sb?和…交际
try?out?试验；试用???
join?in?参加（活动）???
far?and?wide?到处??
look?to?sth?注意，留心某事
fall?in?love?相爱???
be?ignorant?of?对......无知的?
cheat?sb?(out)?of?sth?骗取某人某物?
have?the/a?habit?of?doing?sth?有做…的习惯?
/功能/
1.态度(attitudes)?
Are?you?afraid?that...??
I’ve?grown?so?crazy?about...?
I?didn’t?dare...?
2.同意和不同意(agreement?and?disagreement)?
I?agree.?I?think?so.?Exactly.?
I?don’t?agree.?
I?don’t?think?so.?
I’m?afraid?not.
3.肯定程度(certainty)
That’s?correct.?
Of?course?not.
/语法/
直接引语和间接引语(1):?陈述句和疑问句?
1.?陈述句?
“I?don’t?want?to?set?down?a?series?of?facts?in?a?diary.”?Said?Anne.?
----Anne?said?that?she?didn’t?want?to?set?down?a?series?of?facts?in?a?diary.?
2.?一般疑问句?
He?asked,?“Are?you?leaving?tonight?”?
---He?asked?us?whether?we?were?leaving?that?night.?
3.?特殊疑问句?
“When?did?you?go?to?bed?last?night?”?father?said?to?Anne.?
---?Father?asked?Anne?when?she?went?to?bed?the?night?before.
Section A
【词汇详解】
good的用法：
be good to sb. = be kind to sb. = be friendly to sb. 对...友善/友好
be bad to sb. 对...不好
Though he looks cold, yet he is good to others.尽管他看起来很冷淡，但他对人一向很好。
be good for sb./sth. = do good to sb./sth. 对...有好处
Taking exercise is good for your health.锻炼对你的健康有好处。
be good at sth. = do well in sth. 擅长做...
the following + n. (名词)下列的....; 接着的.....
the following questions下列的问题
the following day接下来的日子
the following survey下列的调查
【拓展】make a survey做调查
add的用法：
(1)add sth. up把...加起来(强调合计的动作) Please add these figures up. 请把这些数字加起来。
(2)add up to +数字 加起来的总和是....; 总计达到了....
(3)add A to B把A加入B Please add some sugar to the coffee.请加一些糖到咖啡中。
(4)A add to B A增加了B The bad weather added to the difficulties. 不好的天气增加了困难。
(5)add that...补充说...
help sb. do sth./ to do sth./ with sth. 帮助某人做某事
I will help my mother do/to do/with her housework.我会帮助我妈妈做家务。
do sth. without saying anything 什么也不说就做....
have/get sth. done.使某事被做(sth.和done之间的被动关系)
have/get it repaired使它被修好/修好它 have/get the flower watered使花被浇水/浇花
have/get sb./sth. doing使某人/某物一直做...(sth和doing之间主动关系)
I have him working all the morning.整个上午我都使他在工作。
get sb. to do sth. = have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
get them to wash clothes/ have them wash the clothes使他们去洗衣服
upset
(adj.) 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的
be upset about sth.因...而难过
be upset that+从句 心烦....
(vt.)使...心烦，使...不安；打翻；使生气；扰乱
go somewhere + adj.(形容词)去一个…的地方
go somewhere quiet去一个安静的地方 go somewhere else去别的地方
calm
(vt&vi)(使)平静；(使)镇静；(使)镇定
calm sb. down使...冷静下来(vt.及物) We calm the lady down now.(及物)
sb. calm down冷静(vi.不及物) The lady calms down now. (不及物)
(adj.)平静的，镇静的
keep/stay/remain calm保持镇静
calm 表示在危急、危险的情形中保持镇静
quiet 表示一个人的外表安静或性格稳定
still 表示某人站、坐、躺的姿势是静止不动的
silent 表示没有声音，沉默，不讲话
have got to do sth. = have to do sth. 不得不做某事
concern词形变化
concern (vt.)使担忧；涉及；关系到，影响到sb. be concerned about....为...而担心 I’m very concerned about him. 我非常担心他。 (n.)担心；忧虑；关注；利害关系with concern关切地 feel/show concern about/for 担心/关心/挂念 have no concern for对...毫不关心
concerned (1)担忧的；忧虑的 a concerned look担忧的表情 (2)有关的；涉及的 the people concerned有关人员as far as sb./sth. is concerned就....而言 be concerned with...与...有关；涉及
concerning 关于(介词)
go on holiday去度假(强调动作) be on holiday去度假(强调状态)
walk
(vt.)使...走;帮助...走
walk sb.帮助某人走
walk the dog遛狗 walk the horse遛马
(n.)散步 have a walk= take a walk(强调动作)= go for a walk(强调动作) 散步
go through
①经历...; 遭受.... The country went through too many wars.这个国家遭受了太多的战火。
②穿过...; He goes through the forest. 他穿过森林。
③仔细检查 Please go through your homework carefully.请仔细检查你的家庭作业。
④详细研究
⑤(计划等)通过...
⑥完成；做完
⑦用完；耗尽
【go常用搭配】
go ahead开始做；先走；请把；说吧
go against背叛；违背；违反
go by逝去；过去
go down(水平、数量等)下降；下跌
go over仔细检查
go out外出；(灯、火)熄灭
go in for爱好，从事
go without没有.....也行
名词性从句(缺啥补啥)：主语从句；宾语从句；表语从句；同位语从句
make sb./sth. + adj.(形容词) 使某人/某物处于...的状态中
make sb./sth.+ n.(名词) 使某人/某物成为....
hide-hid-hiden
hide sth./sb. (away) 把....藏起来
sb. hide away某人躲藏起来
He hides himself away in the office all day long. 他整天都使自己躲在办公室里。
as most people do (as引导的方式状语从句，as意思“正如”)
set sth. down
①记下...; 写下... set sth. down=write sth. down = put sth. down
②制定，规定
③登记
【set的常用搭配】
set about doing sth. 着手做某事
set out to do sth. 开始做某事
set aside不顾；把...放一边
set off动身，出发；使爆炸
set out (for)出发(去)；动身(去)
set up竖立；创建；开办
call my friend Kitty (call +宾语+宾补) 把...叫做....
A series of + 可数名词(复数形式)/不可数名词 一系列....... (series单复数同形)
A series of good books is here.这里有一系列的好书。
Several series of furniture are here. 这里有几个系列的家具。
wonder想知道；有疑问
I wonder if/whether...我想知道/不知道是否...(委婉地提出请求或礼貌地询问某事)
I wonder what is happening now. 我想知道现在发生了什么。
wonder +疑问词+动词不定式=wonder +宾语从句 想知道...,对...感到疑惑
(It’s) No wonder (that)... ...不足为奇；难怪...
It’s a wonder that....令人惊奇的是.....
outdoors (adv.副词) 在户外 go outdoors去户外
outdoor (adj.形容词)户外的 an outdoor swimming pool
everything to do with.....与...有关的一切事物(to do with修饰everything)
【do with】
①A have something to do with B A与B有关系
His job has something to do with computer. 他的工作与电脑有关。
② 表示“处理”：what和do with连用/ how和deal with连用
What will you do with my pen? = How will you deal with my pen?你将如何处理我的钢笔？
do sth. on purpose故意做某事
for/with the purpose of目的是...；为了...
情态动词+(not+)have done
would have done (过去)本来会做(却没有做)
should/ought to have done (过去)本应该做(却没有做)
shouldn’t/ought not to have done (过去)本不该做(却做了)
could have done (过去)本能够做
couldn’t/can’t have done(表猜测) 不可能做过
may/might have done (过去)可能/也许做过
needn’t have done (过去)本没必要做
must have done(表猜测，可能性很大) (过去)一定做过
in order to do为了做....(可放句中或句首) 否定：in order not to do
so as to do为了做.... (放在句中) 否定：so as not to do
(in order that引导目的状语从句；so that可引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句)
__________ see it clearly, he put on his glasses.为了看清楚，他带上了眼镜。
I got up early ________________________ catch the bus.为了赶上公交车，我很早起床。
have a look at看看 have a good look at好好看看
happen to do sth.碰巧做某事 I happened to be there at that time.那时我碰巧在那里。
do sth. by accident/chance偶然做某事
not....until....直到....才....
强调句：It is not until....that....
power (n.)能力；力量；权力；电力 (vt.)给...提供电力；驱动
in power掌握权力
come to power上台执政
within/beyond one’s power在某人能力范围内/超出某人能力
in one's power在某人的支配下
have power over对...有控制权；能支配...
powerful reasons/arguments有说服力的理由/论证
a powerful influence巨大的影响
do sth. face to face面对面做某事 We will have a talk face to face. 我们将面对面谈话。
face to face with sb.与某人面对面
face-to-face adj.面对面的
【拓展】heart to heart贴心地；坦诚地 side by side并排地
back to back背靠背地 one by one一个一个地
shoulder to shoulder肩并肩地 step by step逐步地；一步一步地
hand in hand手拉手地 arm in arm臂挽臂地
year after year年年；每年 day by day日复一日
It is no pleasure doing sth.做某事没有乐趣
It is/was+n.+doing sth.做某事怎么样
It is/was no use doing sth.做某事没有用
It is/was no good doing sth.做某事没有好处
It is/was a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费时间
【look常用搭配】
look through 透过...看；识破；浏览，快速查看
look for寻找
look forward to期待；盼望
look into向里看；调查
look on as把...看作
look up查阅；查询；抬头向上看
look back on回忆；回顾
look after照顾；照料
look around/round环顾
look down on/upon on sb.轻视某人；瞧不起某人
look out (for sth.)担心...; 注意...
no longer/ not any longer(强调时间上不再延续)
no more/not any more(强调程度或数量不再增加)
【短语】
finish doing sth.结束做某事
plan to do sth.计划做...
take an examination参加考试
get loose = become loose变得松了
make a list of sth. = list sth.列出...的清单
laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人
be/grow crazy about对....狂热
keep sb. spellbound使某人着迷
stay/keep awake保持清醒的状态
at dusk在黄昏
go upstairs上楼
go downstairs下楼
one year and a half = one and a half years 一年半
【重点句型】
状语从句中的省略：
状语从句中当主句和从句的主语一致且从句中谓语动词是be，从句中主谓(即主语+be)一起省略。
While (you were) walking the dog, you were careless. 遛狗时你粗心大意了。
While (he was) in Beijing, he visited the Great Wall. 他在北京时游览了长城。
Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts?
whom引导的定语从句，可将介词to前置，to whom you could tell everything to.
She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered
before引导时间状语从句
强调句型：
It is/was +被强调部分+ that/who+从句 (注：去掉It is/was和that/who，该句子仍成立。)
He wants to be a singer because he loves singing.(强调划线部分)因为他喜欢唱歌，所以他想要成为歌手。
________________________________________________________
You make me want to laugh. (强调划线部分) 你让我想笑。
________________________________________________________
The plane will arrive at 9 a.m. (强调划线部分) 这班飞机将在上午九点到达。
________________________________________________________
There was a time when.....曾经有段时间......
when引导定语从句，修饰a time
It is/was the first/second...time that +主语+ have/had done.
这是第几次做....(that后的从句用完成时)
It is the fourth time that I have come here.这是我第四次来这儿。
It/that/this is/was one’s first/second....time to do sth.这/那是某人第一/二...次做某事
It’s time that sb. did/should do sth.=It’s time for sb. to do sth.某人该做某事了。
Section B&C
【词汇详解】
vi.安家；安居；停留
settle vt.&vi.解决(分歧、纠纷等)；结束(争端、争论等) settle an argument/difference解决争论/分歧
vt.(最终)决定，确定，安排好
【settle常用搭配】
settle down(在某地)定居下来；(使某人)安静下来
settle down to开始认真对待某事；定下心来做某事
settle in/into sth.适应(新环境、新工作、新生活等)
settle on sth. 决定/选定某事(物)
reach a settlement达成协议
divorce settlement离婚协议
suffer
1. vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦，受难，受折磨
a bad back背疼
a bad cold患重感冒
suffer from ill health身体不好
a headache/toothache头疼/牙疼
2. vt.遭受；蒙受
pain/hardship经历痛苦/困难
suffer
a defeat/a loss/damage/punishment遭受失败/损失/损害/惩罚
recover
(vt.)恢复；重新获得，找回
recover from sth.从...恢复
recover...from...从...找回... He recovered his suitcase from the railway station.
recover oneself静下心来
(vi.)痊愈，恢复常态
【recovery常用搭配】
make a full recovery完全恢复
make a quick/slow recovery恢复很快/很慢
【同根词】
cover vt.覆盖；包括 n.盖子
discover vt.发现
uncover vt.揭露；揭去...盖子
out 筋疲力竭的
be/feel/get from (doing) sth.因(做)某事而劳累/疲倦(身体上)
of (doing) sth.厌烦(做)某事(心理上)
pack up vi.&vt.将…装箱打包
pack sth. up=pack up sth.
【pack常用搭配】
pack away (用后)收拾好
pack into the stadium涌进体育场
be packed in/with paper被纸包裹
pack us off把我们打发走
a pack of一包；一帮；一群
have trouble with....与...有麻烦；有困难；有问题
【常用搭配】
have trouble/difficulty/a problem with sth.某事有困难
have trouble/difficulty/a problem (in) doing sth.做某事有困难
have no trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.毫不费力地做某事
have a hard time (in) doing sth.做某事不容易
(在上述短语中，trouble和difficulty为不可数；with后接名词或代词，in后接动名词且常省略in)
communicate with sb.与某人交流
communicate sth. with sb.向某人传达(思想和感情)
although不可与but连用，但是可以与yet/still连用
sb.与某人相处；
get along/on with
sth.某事的进展
(1)get along/on well with sb.同某人相处很好；
get along/on well with sth.某事进展顺利
get along/on badly with sb.同某人相处不好；
get along/on badly with sth.某事进展不顺
(2)如不涉及具体事宜，with及后面的内容可以去掉。
How are you getting along/on？你近况如何？
【get常用搭配】
get away 离开；逃离(from+n.)
get through(用电话)联系上；完成(工作)；通过
get off下(车、飞机等)；脱下
get down下来、写下
get on上(车、飞机等)；相处；进展
get in进入；收集；收割(庄稼等)
get up起床；站起来
get into进入；陷入；养成(习惯)
get over爬过，越过；克服，超越
get it(口语)明白，理解；猜中
fall in love (with sb.)爱上(某人)；(与某人)相爱
be in love with sb. 表示状态 延续性 可与表示一段时间的状语连用
fall in love with sb. 强调动作 非延续性 不可与表示一段时间的状语连用
【拓展】
表动作 表状态
lose touch with sb. be out of touch with sb. 与某人失去联系
get married (to sb.) be married (to sb.) 与(某人)结婚
become/get used to doing sth. be used to doing sth. 习惯于(做)某事
catch a cold have a cold 感冒
go to sleep/fall asleep be asleep 入睡；睡着
fall ill be ill 生病
die be died 死
get lost be missing 丢失
disagree (vi.不及物)
(1)不同意，有分歧
disagree with sb. (on/about/over sth.) (就某事)与某人意见不合
disagree with (doing) sth.不赞成(做)某事
(2)不符，不一致；不适合
disagree with sb.(食物、气候等)不适合某人
disagree with sth.与某事物不符/不一致
【agree常用搭配】
agree with 同意某人的看法；(气候、食物等)适宜；与...一致
agree to同意(计划、安排、建议等)
agree on就...达成一致
exactly (adv.)确实如此，正是；确切地；精确地；准确地
【exactly常用搭配】
exactly speaking=to be exact严格地说，确切地说 not exactly不完全如此
do+动词原形 表强调(用于肯定句)
根据时态，可以使用do/does/did+动词原形的方式，强调句子谓语；
若句子为祈使句，直接用“do+动词原形”来加强语气。
grateful (adj.)感激的，表示谢意的
to sb. for sth. 因某事而感激某人
be grateful to do sth.因做某事而感激
that...
I would be grateful if you could/should.....如果你能....，我将不胜感激。(用于提出请求)
dislike
(n.)不喜欢的事物，讨厌的事物；不喜欢，厌恶，反感
(vt.)不喜爱，厌恶(感彩不如hate强烈)
dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事
join in参加，加入 (及物和不及物)
join in (doing) sth.加入某事，一起做某事
join sb. in (doing) sth.跟某人一起做某事，加入某人做某事
join 通常指参加组织并成为其中一员 join the army参军
join in 指参加一项正在进行的活动，如竞赛、娱乐、谈话等 join in the game参加比赛
attend 正式用语，指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼或上课、上学、听报告等。 attend the meeting/wedding/class
take part in 指参加体育运动或群众性活动，重在说明参加者在该项活动中起一定的作用。 Take part in the boat race 参加划船比赛
【短语】
at the moment此时，此刻
make friends with sb.与某人交朋友
feel like doing sth.=would like to do sth.想要做某事
swap sth. with sb.和某人交换某物
【重点句型】
I still find it hard to make goods friends with them.
“find+宾语+宾补”形容词作宾补，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为宾补后的动词不定式短语。
在口语中，若宾语从句的内容(除引导词外)在前文已经被提及，可省略从句内容，只保留宾语从句的引导词。
I do want to change this situation, but I don’t know how (I can change this situation).
【随堂测-基础知识篇】
1.单词填空
1.It was quite terrible. It took me some time to c______ down myself.
2.Parents are always c_______ much about their children.
3.True friends always s______ their sadness and happiness with each other.
4.I'm terribly sorry. I didn't do it on p__________.
5. Some animals hibernate under snow, because there is much air in l______ snow.
6. A_______ to the law, t_______ are not allowed to smoke or drink.
7. The old man went t_______ many wars and s_____ a lot from them.
8. After the terrible hurricane, the whole house was destroyed e________.
9. If you have some trouble, you can go? to the teacher for a_________.
10. By internet, we can c_________ with people all over the world c_________.
11. By now, he has formed the h______ of doing some reading before going to bed.
12. The r_____ he gave for his c_____ in the exam was simple.
2.请写出下列词的意思及区别
Join_______????
join?in__________??
be?tired?of____________?
be?tired?from?____________??
so?as?to____________???
in?order?to?____________???
have?some?trouble?with?sb.?____________????
have?some?trouble?in?sth.____________?????
suffer____________???
suffer?from____________?????
lonely?________________________???
alone____________?
add?up?_______?
add?up?to_________???
add?sth?to?sth?__________??
add?to?__________??
the?first?time?__________?
for?the?first?time____________?
dislike不可直接跟宾语从句，须先加上形式宾语it，然后再接从句：
dislike it when....
类似用法：hate, like, appreciate, depend on等。
You may depend on it that she can calm him down.
[小贴士]
构词法—前缀后缀
1.否定前缀：dis-（不）
like(喜欢)→dislike (n.&vt.不喜欢)
agree(同意)→disagree (vi.不同意)
2.副词后缀：-ly
exact(准确的)→exactly(adv.确切地)
3.形容词后缀：-ful
grate(感激)→grateful(adj.感激的)
4.前缀re-表示“重”，“又”“再”等含义。
review复习
replace代替
rebuild重建
