(共43张PPT)
高一外研版必修四
Module Module 4
Great Scientists
Grammar 1&2
Grammar 1
Grammar 1—Study the sentences and answer the questions
a. Rice is also grown in many other
countries.
b. Researchers were brought in from all
over China.
c. The research was supported by the
government.
d. In pakistan rice will be grown in many
parts of the country.
e. The new hybrid rice has been developed
by Yuan Longping High-tech Agricultural
Company of China.
Which sentence is in the present simple
(Passive voice)?
a
2. Which setences are in the past simple
(Passive voice)?
b and c
3. Which sentence refers to the future?
d
4. Which setence is in the present perfect?
e
5. Which sentences are easy to transform
into the active voice? Why?
c and e, because you can easily find the
subject of the active voice after “by”.
Answers:
1. These computers are produced in
America.
2. Rice has been grown in China for
thousands of years.
3. These electronic games were / are
made in Japan.
Grammar 1-2. Finish the exercises of Activity 2,on page 34.
4. A new variety of rice was discovered in
1970.
5. Many important discoveries have been
made since the beginning of last century.
was educated 2. was given
3. were published 4. was discovered
5. were converted 6. was exported
Grammar 1–3. Finish the exercises of
Activity 3 on page 34.
1. Where________________?
2. What_______________________?
3. When _____________________________
_________?
was he educated
nickname was he given
were the results of the experiment
published
Grammar 1–4. Finish the exercises of
Activity 4 on page 34.
4. When ______________________________
_____________________?
5. How many_________________________
_____________________________________?
6. Where_____________________________
____________?
was a naturally sterile male rice
plant finally discovered
square kilometres of rice
fields were converted to growing vegetables
was Yuan Longping’s rice
exported
被动语态 (Passive Voice) 概述
读下面的句子，总结各种时态被动语态的构成形式。
1. Our teachers are respected by us.
2. He will be beaten by me.
3. Paper was first invented in China.
4. They really have been poorly paid.
Grammar 1–5. Explanation
5. Production costs had been greatly
reduced.
6. A new railway is being built.
7. The roads were being widened.
am, is, are +过去分词
was, were +过去分词
shall, will +be+过去分词
am, is, are +being +过去分词
was, were +being +过去分词
has, have + been +过去分词
had been +过去分词
动词形式 时 态
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
1. 每天都有新的问题被处理。
New problems are dealt with every day.
2. 明年将种许多树。
Many trees will be planted next year.
3. 计划将会执行。
The plan would be carried out.
4. 昨天下午这个问题在会上正在被讨
论。
The question was being discussed at
the meeting yesterday afternoon.
5. 那时收音机刚刚发明。
Radios had just been invented then.
6. 这个问题现在正在被讨论。
The question is being discussed now.
7. 到现在为止，人们已经生产了2000
台机器了。
Up to now, 2000 machines have been
produced.
短语动词的被动语态：
That old man was often laughed at.
The doctor has been sent for.
结论: 短语动词在主动结构中是一个不可分割的词组, 在被动结构中也是如此,不可去掉后面的介词或副词。
1. 一定要充分利用时间。
Time must be made good use of.
2. 坏习惯已经被改掉了。
Bad habits have been done away with.
3. 那个计划就要被他们放弃了。
The plan will be given up by them.
4. 孩子将被很好地照顾。
The children will be taken good care of.
情态动词的被动语态:
1. He must be prevented from going.
2. The plan ought to be put into
practice as soon as possible.
结论: 含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为: “情态动词+be+动词过去分词”
改错：
Such things needn’t talked.
Such things needn’t be talked about.
2. The books may kept for two
weeks by you.
The books may be kept for two
weeks by you.
She heard him sing a song just now.
He was heard to sing a song just now.
结论: 主动句中的宾语如果是不带to的不定式，在变成被动句中的主语补足语时，to 不能省去。
I noticed him cross the street.
He was noticed to cross the street.
2. They often help me clean the room.
I am helped to clean the room.
3. We often see her read English in
the morning.
She is often seen to read English in
the morning.
Put the following sentences into passive voice
结论：带双宾语的动词的被动语态的
形式为：由其中一个宾语作主语，常为表示人的间接宾语。
We gave him some books.
He was given some books.
Some books were given to him.
We elected him our monitor.
He was elected our monitor by us.
We saw him sitting there without doing anything.
He was seen sitting there without doing anything.
结论：带有宾语补足语的动词的被动语态原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语。
The door was locked by the monitor.
The door was locked.
The composition was written with great care.
The composition is well written.
Look at the following sentences:
结论：被动语态表示动作，句子主语是动作对象；而“连系动词+表语（过去分词）” 表示状态，其中过去分词相当于形容词，因此被动语态可以有多种时态， 而“连系动词+表语”中的只有一般时态和完成时态。
Grammar 2
Grammar 2—1 Look at the sentence and
decide Which question the undelined phrase
answers
He thought he could produce more rice by
crossing different species of plant.
What he could produce? ( )
Why should he produce more rice? ( )
How could he produce more rice? ( )
Ⅴ
Grammar 2—1 Rewrite the sentences by changing the underlined phrases with a phrase beginning with by+-ing
Yuan Longping changed agriculture in
China. He dicovered a new type of rice.
Yuan Longping changed agriculture in
China by discovering a new type of rice.
2. Researches learn things when they
carry out experiments.
Researches learn things by carrying out
experiments.
3. They changed the design and so they
built a better engine.
They built a better engine by changing the
design.
You will become a better pianist if you
practice often.
You will become a better pianist by
practicing often.
5. If you plan for the future we can be happy
in the present.
We can be happy in the present by planning
for the future.
1. -----Your job ________open for your
return.
----- Thanks. [2006北京卷]
A. will be kept B. will keep
C. had kept D. had been kept
走近高考
A
2. I have to go to work by taxi because my
car _________at the garage. [2006重庆卷]
A. will be repaired B. is repaired
C. is being repaired D. has been repaired
C
3. It is said that the early European
playing-cards _______for entertainment
and education. [2006辽宁卷]
A. were being designed B. have designed
C. have been designed D. were designed
A
4. Customers are asked to make sure that
they _______ the right change before
leaving the shop. [2006 重庆卷]
A. will give B. have been given
C. have given D. will be given
B
5. The construction of the two new
railway lines _______ by now.
[2006 陕西卷]
A. had completed
B. have completed
C. have been completed
D. has been completed
C
6. The water _______ cool when I
jumped into the pool for morning
exercise. [2006 全国卷I]
A. was felt B. is felt C. felt D. feels
C
7. I feel it is your husband who ______
for the spoiled child.
[2006北京东城区高三模拟]
A. is to blame B. is going to blame
C. is to be blamed D. should blame
A
8. In a room above the store, where a
party ________, some workers
were busily setting the table. (2006
湖南卷)
A. was to be held B. has been held
C. will be held D. is being held
A
9. The way the guests ________ in the hotel
influenced their evaluation of the service.
(2009 北京)
A. treated B. were treated
C. would treat D. would be treated
10. Would you please keep silent? The
weather report ________ and I want to
listen. (2009 湖南)
is broadcast B. is being broadcast
C. has been broadcast
D. had been broadcast
B
B
11. I like these English songs and they
________many times on the radio. (2008
安徽)
A. taught B. have taught
C. are taught D. have been taught
D
For more exercises, click here.
Homework
Review what you have learned.
Get ready for the next period of class.
(共37张PPT)
高一外研版必修四
Module 4
Great Scientists
Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary
Introduction
Qian Xuesen
Introduction 1– Look at the following pictures
and say what you know about them.
钱学森：中国著名科学家，1911年12月11
日生于上海，1934 年毕业于上海交通大学
机械工程系，1935年赴美国研究航空工程
和空气动力学，1938年获加利福尼亚理工
学院博士学位。后留在美国任讲师、教授。
1950年开始争取回归祖国，受到美国政府迫
害，失去自由，历经5年于1955年才回到祖
国，1958年起长期担任火箭导弹和航天器研
制的技术领导职务。
曾任中国力学学会、中国自动化学会、中国
系统工程学会、中国宇航学会理事长、名誉
理事长等职。现任国防科学技术工业委员会
研究员、中国科技协会名誉主席等职。于
2009年31上午8时6分不幸逝世。
Marie Curie
居里夫人即玛丽居里（Marie Curie），是一
位原籍为波兰的法国科学家。她与她的丈夫
皮埃尔居里(Pierre?Curie)都是放射性的早期
研究者，他们发现了放射性元素钋(Po)和镭
(Ra)，并因此与法国物理学家亨利·贝克勒
尔(Henry?Becquerel)分享了1903年诺贝尔
物理学奖。之后，居里夫人继续研究了镭在
在化学和医学上的应用，并且因分离出纯的
金属镭而又获得1911年诺贝尔化学奖。
Archimedes
阿基米德（Archimedes，约前287—212)，
诞生于希腊叙拉古附近的一个小村庄。他出
生于贵族，与叙拉古的赫农王（King?
Hieron）有亲戚关系，家庭十分富有。阿
基米德的父亲是天文学家兼数学家，学识
渊博，为人谦逊。阿基米德受家庭的影响，
从小就对数学、天文学特别是古希腊的
几何学产生了浓厚的兴趣。
当他刚满十一岁时，借助与王室的关系，被送到埃及的亚历山大里亚城去学习。亚历山大位于尼罗河口，是当时文化贸易的中心之一。这里有雄伟的博物馆、图书馆，而且人才荟萃，被世人誉为“智慧之都”。阿基米德在这里学习和生活了许多年，曾跟很多学者密切交往。他兼收并蓄了东方和古希腊的优秀文化遗产，在其后的科学生涯中作出了重大的贡献。
公元前二一二年，古罗马军队入侵叙拉古，阿基米德被罗马士兵杀死，终年七十五岁。阿基米德的遗体葬在西西里岛，墓碑上刻着一个圆柱内切球的图形，以纪念他在几何学上的卓越贡献。
Albert Einstein
阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦（Albert Einstein，
1879年3月14日-1955年4月18日），德裔
美国物理学家（拥有瑞士国籍），思想家
及哲学家，犹太人，现代物理学的开创者
和奠基人，相对论——“质能关系”的提出者，“决定论量子力学诠释”的捍卫者
（振动的粒子）——不掷骰子的上帝。
1999年12月26日，爱因斯坦被美国《时代
周刊》评选为“世纪伟人”。
Introduction 2--Match the two parts.
Qian Xuesen
Marie Curie
Archimedes
Stephen Hawking
Albert Einstein
Theory of Relativity
Father of China’s aerospace
discovered Radium
Father of integral calculus
A Brief History of Time
physics
Introduction-2.Vocabulary Find out the words with their definitions.
zoology
botany
biology
1. the study of animals
2. the study of plants
3. the study of all living things
4. the study of physical objects and
natural forces
biochemistry
chemistry
genetics
5. the study of chemical processes in living
things
6. the study of the structure of substance
and how they react with each
other
7. the study of inherited characteristics in
living things
biologist
chemist
biochemist
botanist
zoologist
geneticist
physicist
mathematician
Introduction-2. Vocabulary How do we call the persons who study these subjects?
biology
chemistry
biochemistry
botany
zoology
genetics
physics
mathematics
Reading and Vocabulary
Reading and Vocabulary 1---Do you know any other Chinese scientists except Qian Xuesen? Do you know who is he?
袁隆平，汉族。1953年毕业于西南农学院，
分配到湖南安江农校任教。1964年开始杂
交水稻研究，1971年调入湖南省农业科学
院，1978年晋升为研究员，被评为全国劳
动模范。1995年当选为中国工程院院士，
现任国家杂交水稻工程技术研究中心主任。
袁隆平的籼型杂交水稻研究获我国迄今唯
一特等发明奖；湖南省委、省政府授予袁
隆平“功勋科学家”称号；
我国发现的国际编号为8117的小行星
被命名为“袁隆平”星；他先后荣获联合国教科文组织“科学奖”和联合国粮农组织“粮食安全保障荣誉奖”等8项国际奖励。2001年获得首届国家最高科技奖。
1. Will the passage be about something or
about someone?
2. Do you think that the writer wrote
about how the student studied in school?
3. Did the writer write about what he did
when he grew up? Why?
Reading & Vocabulary-2. Look at the title
and guess what it is about.
was educated
From an early age
agriculture
As a young teacher
were published
Reading and Vocabulary 3---Read the text carefully and complete the following chart.
In his childhood He ____________ in many schools and was given a nickname.
_______________ He was interested in plants.
In college He studied ___________.
_____________
__________ He began experiments in crop breeding.
In 1966 The results of his experiments ______________ in China.
was discovered
rose by
50 thousand square kilometres
other cash crops
was exported to
In 1970 A naturally sterile male rice plant ______________.
In the 1990’s Chinese rice production __________ 47.5 percent. ____________________
__________________ of the rice fields were converted to growing vegetables and ________________
Later Yuan Longping’s rice _______________ other countries.
1. What was the key to feeding more people?
2. When did Yuan Longping make a breakthrough in his research?
Reading and Vocabulary 4--Read the text again and answer the questions below.
To have more rice and to produce it more quickly.
In 1970.
3. What kind of student was Yuan
Longping when he was young?
He was a student with lots of questions
and he was interested in plants.
4. What way did he think to produce rice
more quickly?
By crossing different species of rice plant,
then he could produce a new plant which
could give a higher yield than either of the
original plants.
5. What did he discover?
He discovered a naturally sterile male rice
Plant.
6. How important was the discovery？
Chinese rice production rose by 47.5% in the 1990’s.
50,000 square kilometres of rice fields were converted to growing vegetables and other cash crops.
Yuan’s rice was exported to other countries.
His rice’s yield is much greater than the yield of other types of rice grown in Pakistan.
Para 1
In a hungry world, rice is a staple food. Yuan Longping is a leading figure in the rice-growing world.
Reading and Vocabulary 5--Find the main idea of each paragraph
Para 2
As a student, he liked to ask questions.
Para 3
As a young teacher, he began experiments in crop breeding.
Para 4
He discovered a new type of rice.
Para 5
His discoveries have brought in great profit (收益).
1. China produces more rice than any
other country.
2. Yuan Longping asked a lot of questions at school.
3. He developed a new kind of fast-growing rice.
Reading & Vocabulary - 6. Read the passage again and decide whether the statements are True of False.
T
T
T
4. The government helped him in his
research.
5. The new rice replaced vegetables in 50
thousand square kilometers.
6. The new rice is now grown in other
countries, such as Pakistan.
T
F
T
Answer:
(1) crop (2) breakthrough
(3) breed (4) support
(5) feed (6) publish
(7) producer (8) species
(9) agriculture
Reading & Vocabulary -7. Vocabulary Finish the exercises in Activity 3.
Answer 4:
(1) B (2) B
(3) A (4) B
(5) B
Reading & Vocabulary -8. Vocabulary Finish the exercises in Activity 4.
Suppose one of you is an experienced farmer who has been growing rice; One is professor Yuan and the other one is a reporter. Please talk about the influence of the new hybrid rice.
Reading and Vocabulary 9--- Post-reading Role-play
Tips:
Figures In the past Nowadays In the future
The farmer
Prof. Yuan
Homework
Review what you have learned.
Get ready for the next period of class.
(共18张PPT)
高一外研版必修四
Module 4
Great Scientists
Language Points
1. In the rice-growing world, the Chinese
scientist, Yuan Longping, is a leading figure.
在水稻种植界，中国科学家袁隆平是一位重
要人士。
rice-growing：复合形容词： 种植水稻的
n. +现在分词与所描述的人或事物
之间是逻辑上的主动关系。
e.g. 一个说英语的国家
an English-speaking country
造纸厂
a paper-making factory
热爱和平的民族
peace-loving peoples
(05’上海) The purpose of new technology
is to make life easier, ____ it more difficult.
not making B. not make
C. not to make D. nor to make
2. He thought that the key to feeding people was to have more rice and to produce it more quickly.
他想，养活世人的关键是更多更快地生产水稻。
C
the key to ……的关键是……
类似用法的名词还有:
answer, solution, journey, trip, tour, visit, way, entrance, flight 等后面不用of 而用to。如：a journey/trip to Japan. the answer/key/solution to the question/problem. the eantrance to the theatre…
-- How do you deal with the disagreement
between the company and the customers?
-- The key ___ the problem is to meet the
demand ____ by the customers.
to solving; making B. to solving; made
C. to solve; making D. to solve; made
B
你知道解决这一问题的关键吗?
Do you know the key to solving
the problem?
3. ...,and then he could produce a new plant which could give a higher yield
than either of the original plants.
yield (1) vt./vi. 产 (果实、庄稼等), 产生
那棵树结了很多果实。
That tree yields plenty of fruits.
(2) vt. 生 (息) , 获得 (利润)
这股票每年产生8%的利润。
The stock yields 8% interests a year.
他的商业产生大的利润。
His business yields big profits.
(3) vt. /vi. 给予, 让步, 投降
我们的军队拒绝投降。
Our army refused to yield.
(4) n. 产量, 利息
这块水稻田的产量是多少？
What is the yield of this rice field?
yield to
(1) 向……低头/投降/让步
敌人向我们的战士投降了。
The enemy yielded to our soldiers.
(2) 把……交给, 让……占去, 让位给
他把他所有的财产都交给了国家。
He yielded all his possessions to the state.
4. First Yuan Longping experimented
with different types of rice.
首先袁隆平对不同种类的水稻进行实
验。
experiment n.试验
perform/ carry out/ make/ do an
experiment 进行试验
by experiment 通过试验
v. experiment on/ upon 在……身上做实验 experiment in 某方面 (如学科)的试验
experiment with 对……进行实验
这个实验不容易做。
This experiment is not easy to carry out.
5. Then he began his search for a special
type of rice plant.
in search of
in one’s/the search for
寻找……
The police with dogs are __ the woods __ the murderer.
A. searching; for B. in search; for
C. searching; to D. in search; of
A
辨析: search与search for
search sb./ sp. 搜查某人(身体)/某地
search for =look for 接搜查后要找的东西
search sb./ sp. for sb. / sth 为……而搜查……
seek (for) hunt for hunt sb. for
e.g. 警察正在搜索树林, 寻找失踪的孩子。
The police are searching the woods for
the lost child.
他正在寻找丢失的项链。
He is searching for the lost necklace.
6. As a result of Yuan Longping’s
discoveries Chinese rice production rose
by 47.5 percent in the 1990’s.
by: “以……幅度上升\下降”
eg. 由于建大坝，湖水将上升63米。
As a result of the dam, the water level of
the lake was going to rise by 63 meters.
7. 50 thousand square kilometers of rice
fields were converted to growing vegetables
and other cash crops.
be converted to doing：被改做某事
类似用法的单词有: devote, addict, apply, accommodate…
很多男学生对玩电脑游戏上瘾。 Many boy students _____________ playing computer games.
are addicted to
Homework
Review what you have learned.
Get ready for the next period of class.
(共34张PPT)
高一外研版必修四
Module 4
Great Scientists
Function Listening Pronunciation Speaking &Everyday English
Function
Fuction-1 Choose the correct way of saying numbers
1. 5,000,000
Five million
Five millions
2. 47.5%
Forty seven half percent
forty seven point five percent
3. 632
Six hundred and thirty two
Six hundred thirty two
4. 4/5
four fifths
four five
Rice was first grown about 5,000
years ago.
2. China exports about 1.5% of its rice.
3. Australia produces about 250,000tons
of rice.
Fuction-2 Read the sentences aloud
4. 2/3 of the world’s population regulary
eat rice.
Function 3—Dictate some numbers to
your partner. Include big numbers,
fractions and percentages.
Listening and Vocabulary
Listening and Vocabulary 1---Look at the picture and answer the following questions.
1. What is happening in the picture?
There’s a quiz show being on.
2. What do you think the listening text is
about?
a quiz show
Listening and Vocabulary 2--- Match the words with the meanings.
award discover equal measure radiation theory contestant round
award
equal
measure
discover
theory
1. a prize or money given to someone
or sth they have done.
2. exactly the same
3. to find out how long, wide, heavy,
etc. sth. is
4. to find
5. an idea, esp. in science, that explains why or how sth. happens
6. a form of energy which comes
from a nuclear reaction
7. a person who takes part in a
contest
8. a stage in a competition
radiation
contestant
round
Listening and Vocabulary 3--- Listen and find out the following answers.
1. What’s the name of the quiz show?
2. What round of the quiz is it?
3. What is the subject of this round?
Superquiz.
The second round.
Great Scientists.
4. Who are the contestants?
5. How many questions are there in this
round?
6. How many points have they got before
/ after this round?
Matthew and Rachel.
12.
Before this round, 36:36.
After this round 39:41.
Listening and Vocabulary 4- Listen to the tape again, then complete the questions from the quiz.
1. When was Einstein ______?
2. When was the special theory of
relativity ___________?
3. What award was Einstein ______?
born
published
given
4. What book is Stephen Hawking
___________?
5. What is a “black ______”?
6. Who _________ black _____?
7. How are black __________________?
famous for
hole
discovered
holes
holes measured
Listening and Vocabulary 5- Listen to the tape again, then fill in the blanks.
Q.M: Boys and girls, we’re into the second
round of “Superquiz”, and the subject of this
round is “Great Scientists”. In this round, the
first person to answer the question __________.
If he’s wrong, he ____ a point, and the
question _________________________. At the
moment, Matthew and Rachel are _____, with
36 points each.
gets a point
goes to the second contestant
loses
equal
First question: What is Einstein known for?
(buzzer)
M: ________________________.
Q.M: Correct. When was Einstein born?
(buzzer)
M: 1880.
Q.M: Wrong. Rachel?
R: 1879?
Q.M: Correct. The special theory of relativity
______________ in 1905.
was published
The theory of relativity
___________________?
(buzzer)
M: Einstein.
Q.M: Correct. Einstein was given an
important award in 1921.
______________________?
(buzzer)
M: Was he given the Nobel Physics Prize?
Q.M: Yes, he was. Well done. Next question:
What book is Stephen Hawking famous
for?
(buzzer)
Who was it written by
What award was he given
R: “_______________________.”
Q.M: Correct. When was it published?
(buzzer)
R: 1988.
Q.M: Correct. What is a “__________”?
(buzzer)
M: It’s a star that has collapsed in on itself.
Q.M: Correct. Who discovered black holes?
(buzzer)
M: They ________________ Einstein.
were discovered by
A Brief History of Time
black hole
Q.M: No, they were not discovered by Einstein,
they were discovered by Fred Hoyle.
____________________________? (silence)
Rachel?
R: Pass.
Q.M: Matthew?
M: They’re measured by the __________
that come from them.
Q.M: Wrong, they aren’t measured by light
waves, they’re measured by the radiation
that comes from them.
How are black holes measured
light waves
____________________________________?
(buzzer)
R: Stephen Hawking?
Q.M: _________ They were discovered by
Stephen Hawking. They’re called the
Hawking radiation. Now, Stephen
Hawking _____________ another reason.
Does anyone know?
(buzzer)
M: He can’t walk and he can’t talk except
with a machine.
Who was this radiation discovered by
Well done!
is famous for
Q. M: ____________. Do you know the
name of the his disease?
(buzzer)
R: Motor neuron disease. He sits in a
________________ and he speaks
______________________.
Q.M: Correct. And at the end of this
round Matthew has thirty-nine points
and Rachel has forty-one points!
That’s correct
special
wheelchair
through a
voice machine
Pronunciation
Pronunciation 1---Read about stress in long words
The stress in a long word may come at
the beginning, in the middle or at the end:
Vegetables (first syllable) researcher
(second syllable) engineer (third syllable)
Now practise saying the words
Pronuciation—2 Listen and underline the stresses
Answer:
biology chemistry electric genetics
govenment gravity information
Speaking
Speaking 1—Work in pairs. Think of a
famous scientist or inventor. Find the
answer to these questions.
When and where was he born?
Why was he famous?
Where did he live and work?
When did he discover/invent...?
Now think of some more important facts
about his life.
Speaking 2—Work with another pair.
Pair A: Ask yes/no questions to discover
who Pair B is describing.
Example: was he born in the twentieth
century?
Pair B: Anwer Pair A’s questions. Don’t
say the name of your famous person.
Speaking 3– Change roles when you are
ready.
Everyday English
Everyday English 1-Look at the words and phrases below and choose the best explanation.
If you have a breakthrough, it means
__________.
You have solved a difficult problem
you have broken something
2. A nickname is usually given to you by
_________.
(a) Your family or friends
(b) Someone you don’t know well
3. If you pass in a quiz you mean_______
I’ve answered the question
I can’t answer the question.
4. Well done! Means __________!
(a) congratulations
(b) good luck
Homework
Review what you have learned.
Get ready for the next period of class.
(共40张PPT)
高一外研版必修四
Module 4
Great Scientists
Reading and Writing Cultural Corner&Task
Reading and writing
Reading and writing -1 Look at the pictures
and guess who he is. And say what you know
about him
Stephen Hawking
史蒂芬·威廉·霍金（英文名Stephen William Hawking) ，1942年1月8日在英国牛津出生，当天正是伽利略逝世300年祭日。曾先后毕业于牛津大学和剑桥大学，并获剑桥大学哲学博士学位。他之所以在轮椅上坐了46年，是因为他在21岁时就不幸患上了会使肌肉萎缩的卢伽雷氏症，演讲和问答只能通过语音合成器来完成。他是英国剑桥大学应用数学及理论物理学系教授，当代最重要的广义相对论和宇宙论家，是本世纪享有国际盛誉的伟人之一，
被称为在世的最伟大的科学家，还被称为“宇宙之王”。70年代他与彭罗斯一起证明了著名的奇性定理，为此他们共同获得了1988年的沃尔夫物理奖。他因此被誉为继爱因斯坦之后世界上最著名的科学思想家和最杰出的理论物理学家。他还证明了黑洞的面积定理，即随着时间的增加黑洞的面积不减。1988年出版《时间简史 》
1. a person who has been attacked, injured
or killed as a result of a crime, an accident,
etc.
2. to discover the cause of an illness or a
problem
3. a book that sells in very large
numbers
Reading &Writing–2. Vocabulary Match the words in the box with the definitions.
victim
diagnose
best-seller
4. an illness
5. the study of the origin and development
of the universe
6. the state of being disabled
disease
cosmology
disability
Reading and writing -3 Read the passage
about Stephen Hawking and number the
paragraphs in the correct order.
Answer:
2, 3, 1
Reading and writing -4 Read the passage
about Stephen Hawking and write the
number of the paragraph.
This paragraph explains why
Hawking is famous. _____
2. This paragraph talks about
Hawking’s personal life. _____
3. This paragraph talks about
Hawking’s scientific career. _____
2
3
1
Reading and writing -5 Read the passage
and answer questions
Why is Hawking so famous?
Partly because of his scientific discoveries
an partly because of his physical disability.
2. What kind of disease did Hawking
suffer from?
He suffered from motor neurone disease.
3. What’s the name of Hawking’s book?
A Brief History of Time.
Reading and writing -6 According to the
notes, say something about Stephen Hawking.
One of the most famous scientists…
Because of … because of…
Be born… graduated…
In the 1960s…
Became the voice of science
Became Professor of Physics…
His book …
Reading and writing -7 Read the notes about Albert Einstein.
Talk about how to write a passage about Albert Einstein using the notes.
Begin like this:
Albert Einstein was probably the most brilliant scientist of the twentieth century.
Albert Einstein was probably the most brilliant scientist of the twentieth century. Born in Ulm, Germany 1879, he didn’t speak until he was three, but then developed a strong interest in Mathematics as a child.
Reading and writing -8 A model answer:
He had the idea for his Theory of Relativity at the age of 16, although he didn’t publish it until 1905, after he had studied Physics in Zurich, Switzerland.
Are you clear what happen (4 Wand H)
Do you know the writer’s attitude and
emotion?
Reading &Writing – 9. Read your writing to your partner. Check and rewrite your writing according to the following. Then share it with the whole class.
Are there any good connecting words
or phrases?
Are there any good phrases or
sentences?
Are there any spelling mistakes?
Cultural Corner
Culture corner -1. Look at the following pictures and answer the questions
How were rockets invented?
By accident--- when people threw
bamboo tubes with gunpowder inside
into the fire to make explosions and saw
that some of them flew into the air.
Questions：
2. What are they used for today?
They are used to send astronauts into
space and in firework displays.
Culture corner -2. Skimming Read the passage and decide whether the statements are True or False.
Today rockets are only used to send
astronauts into space.
2. Rockets were invented by Chinese about
2,000 years ago.
F
T
3. It was in the Song Dynasty that rockets
were first used in wars.
4. It is believed that Europeans learned how
to make rockets from the Mongols.
5. Wan Hu succeeded in sending himself
into space with the help of rockets.
F
F
T
Culture corner -3. Structure Find out the topic sentences of each paragraph.
Para. 1
Today rockets are used to send astronauts
into space or celebrate great events.
Para. 2
Rockets were first invented by Chinese
about 2,000 years ago.
Para. 3
First rockets were used in battles in
China and then it was spread to Europe.
Para. 4
Rockets were also used in other ways.
Culture corner -3. Post Reading Discuss the following questions.
What do you think the future rockets will be? Write down your imagination and share with your classmates.
课堂精练
You should put the __ theory into
practice.
advance
advanced
C. advancing
D. advancedly
B
2. I don’t think the telephone was
invented ___.
by chance B. by a chance
C. by accidents D. by an accident
A
3. Luckily, the little boy escaped ___ in
the fighting in the street.
of being killed B. from being killed
C. of killing D. from killing
4. She ___ the room by painting it.
transformed B. turned
C. transported D. made
B
A
5. Such ___, you can’t go away.
is the case B. being the case
C. the case D. in the case
B
Task
Task-Prepare a radio biography about a
famous scientist
Activity 1
Work in pairs. Write down your notes from the speaking activities. Prepare a radio programme about the life of a famous scientist.
Activity 2
If possible, record your radio programme.
Homework
Review what you have learned.
Get ready for the next period of class.
