Module1 > Unit 1 Saving the Earth基础预习—话题阅读（生活环境）辅导

初三英语秋季班（教师版）



使用说明：9B U1 预习部分主要是通过对课文，单词和重点词组进行预习，并对重点语法进行预习，通过练习题巩固。授课教师可以根据学生的具体情况进行讲解。本教案仅供参考。
The green consumer




The greenhouse effect
The writers ask us to ‘imagine that the Earth is inside a kind of greenhouse with the atmosphere around it. The atmosphere acts like the glass: it lets sunlight in and keeps warmth from getting out. The atmosphere is essential for all living things. Without it, the Earth would be as c___2___ and lifeless as the surface of the moon.’
‘The trouble is that our atmosphere is changing because we are p___3___ it with chemicals --- in the form of gases --- and it is keeping in too much heat!’
These gases, mainly carbon dioxide (CO2), are produced by burning fuels such as petrol. The greenhouse effect may cause the level of the sea to r___4___ and flood cities and even whole countries.

Damage to the ozone layer
The writers tell us that 'ozone is a gas which occurs 20 to 50 km above the ground. It forms an essential protective layer around the Earth. Without it, the Sun would burn us up.'
We are making holes in the ozone layer, mainly by using chemicals called CFCs. We use these in fridges and spray cans, and to make p___5___items such as fast food boxes.

Destruction of the forests
The burning and cutting down of the forests is making the greenhouse effect w___6___ because trees take in CO2. It also causes soil erosion and flooding, as well as destroying the homes of people and animals that live in the forests.

B___7___ habits
Many of our habits cause pollution, especially our habit of using things o___8___ and then throwing them away. This creates massive mountains of rubbish. We do not know what to do with the rubbish and it pollutes our land and sea. For example, people throw away as many as seven billion drink cans in Britain each year. That is enough to r___9___ from the Earth to the moon.
How can we save the Earth?
The book is asking us to become ‘green consumers’. That means we should only buy and use environmentally f___10___ goods so that we can save the Earth. These goods will not damage the environment. Let’s be green consumers and enjoy living a better life on the Earth!
【难度】★★★
【答案】1. various 2. cold 3. polluting 4. rise 5. plastic
6. worse 7. Bad 8. once 9. reach 10. friendly
Part 2 词汇复习

（1）9B U1词性转换整理
1 globe n. 地球；世界；地球仪
global adj. 全球的；全世界的

2 flooding n. 洪水泛滥
flood v. （使）灌满水；淹没
n. 洪水

3 consume v. 消费
consumer n. 顾客；消费者

4 vary v. 不同；变化
various adj. 各种各样的
variety n. 种类；种种

5 write v. 写；书写
writer n. 作者；作家

6 warm adj. 温暖的；暖和的
warmth n. 温暖的；暖和

7 life n. 希腊
lifeless adj. 无生命的；无生命生长的

8 protect v. 保护
protective adj. 保护的；防护的
protection n. 保护

9 destroy v. 摧毁；毁灭；破坏
destruction n. 摧毁；毁灭；破坏

10 environment n. 环境
environmental adj. 环境的
environmentally n. 有关环境方面

（2）9B U1短语汇总
处于危险之中 in danger
充当；起……作用 act like
起……作用；担任某工作 act as
放进；允许……进入 let…in
阻止某人做某事 stop/prevent…from
继续（做某事） keep on
跟上 keep up with
与……保持练习 keep in touch with
保存 keep in
海平面 the level of the sea
烧毁 burn…up
吸收 take in
使……变得更糟糕 make…worse
也；又 as well as
处理 do with


（2）
9B U1词汇语法重点
1. The situation is so serious that we must do something to save the Earth. 形式非常严峻，我们必须行动起来，拯救地球。
1）本例中的serious是“严重的”的意思。如：
The result could _________________. 后果可能是严重的。
【答案】be serious
在九年级第一学期课本第七单元中，我们还学过serious意为“严肃的；稳重的”，用于描述人物的性格。如：
I’m afraid I’m not _________________________________. 恐怕我不是一个非常严肃的人。
【答案】a very serious person
2）本例中还用了so…that的结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，用于引导结果状语从句。如：
The scientist’s report was _______________________________________________.
科学家的报告很有启发性，我们全都感到很兴奋。
【答案】so instructive that we were all very excited
He always studied ____________________________________________.
他学习总是那么努力，结果他取得了很大的进步。
【答案】so hard that he made great progress

2. It forms an essential protective layer around the Earth. Without it, the Sun would burn us up.
它（臭氧）在地球周围形成了一个重要的保护层。没有了臭氧层，我们会被太阳焚化。
1）form v. (使)出现；产生
Flowers appeared, but fruits ______________________. 花开了，但没有结果。
【答案】failed to form
Storm clouds ___________________ in the sky. 天空中出现了暴雨云。
【答案】are forming
在七年级第二学期课本第十单元中，我们曾学过form作名词，意为“形态”，如：
______________ has changed little over the last 30,000 years. 三万多年以来，人的体型没有多大变化。
【答案】The human form

2）Without it, the Sun would burn us up. 是一个含有虚拟语气的句子，表示与现在的事实相反（即现在我们不可能没有臭氧层），故助动词用would。“虚拟语气”是高中阶段的学习内容，同学们只需理解含义即可。
这句话同样可以说成：If we don’t have it, the Sun would burn us up.
Without water, we can’t live at all. (同义句转化)
__________ we __________ __________ water, we can’t live at all.
【答案】If, don’t have
without是介词，一般情况下，它有如下的意思和用法：
a.没有；缺乏
They had two days _____________________. 他们已经两天没吃东西了。
【答案】without food
b.不和……在一起；无……相伴
Don’t go out _____________________. 别甩下我就走。
【答案】without me
c.不用；不拿；不带
Don’t go out ___________________________. 别不穿大衣就出去。
【答案】without your coat
d.不；无；没（后接动词-ing形式）
He left _________________________________. 他连“再见”也没有说一声就走了。
【答案】without saying goodbye

3. The burning and cutting down of the forests is making the greenhouse effect worse because trees take in CO2. 焚烧和砍伐森林使得温室效应加剧，因为树木能吸收二氧化碳。
1）the burning and cutting down of the forests是动词-ing形式作主语。当我们在使用and连接两个名词或动词-ing形式，其后一词前无定冠词修饰时，谓语动词须用单数形式。又如：
The singer and dancer _____________ among young people. 那个歌手兼舞蹈家受到年轻人的欢迎。
The killing and selling rare wild animals ________________. 捕杀并倒卖珍稀野生动物是违法行为。
【答案】is popular is guilty
【重点短语】
make…worse 使……变得更糟糕
take in 吸收

4. It also causes soil erosion and flooding, as well as destroying the homes of people and animals that live in the forests. 它（焚烧和砍伐森林）不仅摧毁了生活在森林中的人类和动物的家园，还会造成水土流失和洪涝灾害。
1）as well as意为“也，又，除了”。也可以用and…as well或not…but also转换。如：
He knows English as well as French. (同义句转换)
He knows French __________ English __________ __________.
My son is clever as well as lovely. (同义句转换)
My son is clever __________ lovely __________ __________.
My son is __________ __________ clever __________ __________ lovely.
The professor as well as his assistant has gone to the lecture. (同义句转换)
__________ __________ his assistant __________ __________ the professor has gone to the lecture.
【答案】and, as well and, as well not only, but also not only, but also


5. We don’t know what to do with the rubbish and it pollutes our land and sea. 我们不知道如何处理这些垃圾，而这些垃圾则会污染我们的土地和海洋。
what to do with…是疑问词与动词不定式构成的短语，充当的是know的宾语。疑问词what, when, how, where等与动词不定式连用构成的短语常在句中作宾语。如：
I don’t know what to do.= I don’t know what I can do.我不知道该怎么办。
Please tell me when to leave. = Please tell me when I should leave.请告诉我什么时候动身。
注意：
I don’t know what to do with it. = I don’t know how to deal with it.

6. That means we should only buy and use environmentally friendly goods so that we can save the Earth. 那就意味着我们只能购买和使用环保产品，这样我们就可以拯救地球。
so that 意为“为了，以便”的意思，用于引导目的状语从句。 请注意它与so…that引导的结果状语从句的区别。如：
I ran so slowly that he caught up with me in no time. 我跑得如此之慢，以至于他很快就追上我了。
（结果状语从句）
I opened the window so that fresh air might come in.我把窗户打开，以使新鲜空气可以进来。
（目的状语从句）
注意：
①在so…that结构中，so是副词，与形容词或副词连用；在such…that结构中，such是形容词，后跟可数名词或不可数名词，名词前可带形容词，也可不带，如果其后是可数名词单数，前面需加不定冠词a或an。





It was such a hot day that people would not go out. 天真热，人们都不愿出去了。
= It was so hot that people would not go out.
The books here are so nice that I don’t know which one to choose. 这里有这么多好书，我都不知道选哪本了。
= There are such nice books that I don’t know which one to choose.
②表示目的状语从句时，so that= in order that，还常与 in order (not) to = so as (not) to进行同义句转换。
He got up early in order that he could catch up with the bus.
He got up __________ early __________ he could catch up with the bus.
He got up early __________ __________ __________ catch up with the bus.
【答案】so that so as to或者in order to




I. Complete the sentences with proper words. The first letters are given. (根据首字母，用适当的单词完成下面的句子。)
1. If an earthquake o__________ here, many people may die.
2. The rocket went up through the a__________ and into space.
3. If we destroy our e__________, we will destroy ourselves.
4. When it is cold, you need an extra l__________ of clothes.
5. We think that Mars is a l__________ planet.
6. Sand is created by the e__________ of rocks.
7. Oil, coal, gas and wood are often used as f__________ in our daily life.
8. Corruption and crime are serious t__________ to any society.
9.Your smoking is p__________ the air in this room.
10. I’ve got a m__________ amount of work to do.
【难度】★
【答案】1.occurs; 2.atmosphere; 3.environment; 4.layer; 5.lifeless;
6.erosion; 7.fuel; 8.threats; 9.polluting; 10. massive

II. Complete the sentences with proper expressions from the box. (从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式完成下列句子)




1. It’s cold and snowy outside today. I have to __________ the children __________ going out.
2. Helen ____________________ I is eager to see the performance. It is said that the performance will be a very great one.
3. Having cut down all trees in this area makes the ____________________ even worse and all the people here have to find new places to live in.
4. Many chemicals, usually ____________________ gases, pollute the atmosphere a lot. However, we are unaware of them.
5. The panda is one of the animals most ____________________.
6. It’s so stuffy here. Open the window and __________ some fresh air __________.
7. I think the heat might __________ people __________.
8. The old computer doesn’t work any more. What should I ____________________ it?
9. There is a report about people’s shopping habits in Green Living magazine. The title is “How ____________________ are you?”
10. Our club has just ____________________ 20 new members.
【难度】★
【答案】 1. keep…from 2. as well as 3. soil erosion 4. in the form of 5. in danger
6. let…in 7. burn…up 8. do with 9. environmentally friendly 10. taken in

III. Complete the sentences with “so…that” or “such…that”. (用so…that或such…that完成下列句子。)
1. He got up __________ late __________ he didn’t catch the early bus.
2. This is __________ a good film __________ everybody wants to see it.
3. He is __________ poor __________ he can’t buy a bike for his son.
4. She is __________ a good teacher __________ everybody likes her.
5. He was __________ excited __________ he couldn’t say a word.
6. It is __________big a hall __________ it can hold 2,000 people.
7. Jane lives __________ far away __________ we hardly ever see her.
8. It is __________ a heavy box __________ nobody can move it away.
9. He told us __________ funny stories __________ we all laughed.
10. The question was __________ difficult __________ nobody could answer it.
【难度】★★
【答案】1. so, that 2. such, that 3. so, that 4. such, that 5. so, that
6. so, that 7. so, that 8. such, that 9. such, that 10.so, that

IV. Join the sentences with “so…that” and then rewrite the sentences with “in order to” or “so as to” if possible. (用so that将下列各组中的两个句子合并为一句, 如果可能请用in order to或 so as to将合并后的句子改写为简单句)
1. The boy has been practicing playing the piano every afternoon. He can win the competition.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. Simon runs every morning. He can keep healthy and fit.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. He left a message on the table. His mother would know where he had gone.
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. He got up early. He wouldn’t be late for school.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
【难度】★★
【答案】
1. The boy has been practicing playing the piano every afternoon so that he can win the competition.
The boy has been practicing playing the piano every afternoon so as to/in order to win the competition.
2. Simon runs every morning so that he can keep healthy and fit.
Simon runs every morning so as to/in order to keep healthy and fit.
3. He left a message on the table so that his mother would know where he had gone.
4. He got up early so that he wouldn’t be late for school.
He got up early so as not to/in order not to be late for school.



A. Choose the best answer (根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案)
The greenhouse effect is the rise in temperature that the Earth experiences because certain gases in the atmosphere (water vapor[H2O],carbon dioxide[CO2], nitrous oxide[N2O],and methane[CH4],for example) trap energy from the sun. Without these gases, heat would escape back into space and Earth’s average temperature would be about 60?F colder. Because of how they warm our world, these gases are referred to as greenhouse gases.
Have you ever seen a greenhouse? Most greenhouses look like a small glass house. Greenhouses are used to grow plants, especially in the winter. Greenhouses work by trapping heat from the sun. The glass panels of the greenhouse let in light but keep heat from escaping. This causes the greenhouse to heat up, much like the inside of a car parked in sunlight, and keeps the plants warm enough to live in the winter.
The Earth’s atmosphere is all around us. It is the air that we breathe. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere behave much like the glass panes in a greenhouse. Sunlight enters the Earth's atmosphere, passing through the blanket of greenhouse gases. As it reaches the Earth's surface, land, water, and biosphere absorb the sunlight’s energy. Once absorbed, this energy is sent back into the atmosphere. Some of the energy passes back into space, but much of it remains trapped in the atmosphere by the greenhouse gases, causing our world to heat up.
The greenhouse effect is important. Without the greenhouse effect, the Earth would not be warm enough for humans to live. But if the greenhouse effect becomes stronger, it could make the Earth warmer than usual. Even a little extra warming may cause problems for humans, plants, and animals. (246 words)
( ) 1. Which of the following isn’t greenhouse gas?
A) water vapor B) carbon dioxide
C) nitrous oxide D) oxygen
( ) 2. Greenhouses are used to ______.
A) keep green plants B) grow plants, particularly in winter
C) make sunlight warmer D) boil hot water
( ) 3. The word trapping means______ according to the passage.
A) keeping B) making...worse
C) cheating D) losing
( ) 4. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere behave much like ______ in a greenhouse.
A) the plants B) the glass panes
C) the glass vases D) the warm soil
( ) 5. The best title of this passage is______.
A) Global warming B) How do greenhouses work ?
C) The greenhouse effect D) The Earth’s atmosphere
( ) 6. The passage may be chosen from a ______.
A) science book B) travel brochure
C) history book D) computer magazine
【难度】★★
【答案】1. D; 2. B; 3.A; 4. B; 5. C; 6. A
以读促写
Write an article with no less than 60 words according to the given topic “Do something to fight against global warming” with the help of the suggested questions. (以“与全球变暖作斗争”为题，写一篇不少于60个词的短文)
Suggested questions：
1）How is the climate on the Earth now?
1）What cause global warming?
1）What must we do to fight against global warming?
【参考范文】
Do something to fight against global warming
With the development of economy, our Earth is becoming warmer and warmer, and more and more greenhouse gases are being released into the air. CO2 makes up about 70% of the greenhouse gases, which is considered to be one of the greatest causes of global warming. It has harmful effects, such as causing the sea level to rise and many natural disasters to take place.
So we must take necessary measures to save our planet. First,we should use more clean energy and less coal and oil. Then, we can go to work on foot or by bus instead of driving a car if possible.In addition,we must plant more trees, because plants can turn CO2 into oxygen. Last but not the least,we’d better form the habit of saving energy in our daily life. Let’s take actions to fight against global warming as soon as possible.

B. Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
Natural resources are things that we use that come from Earth. Out natural resources are limited（有限的）. This means that they will not ___1___ forever. Some are renewable, like when you plant a new tree when you cut one down. Others are not renewable, like when you dig coal（煤）out of the ___2___. Once it is used, it is gone.
People realize the fact that Earth’s natural resources are limited, and can do things to help conserve（节约）those resources. When you try to conserve a natural resource, you try to use less of it, so it does not get used up so ___3___. One way that people conserve fuel, like gasoline, is by riding a bicycle or walking when the ___4___ is short instead of driving everywhere.
Water is a very important natural resource because we all need it to stay ___5___. We can conserve water ___6___ making sure that our pipes and taps do not leak（漏）. We can also make ___7___ choices to conserve water, like only using the dishwasher or washing machine when they are full. Everyone can make contributions to protecting natural resources. （188 words）
( ) 1. A. last B. spread C. burn D. change
( ) 2. A. station B. building C. ground D. brick
( ) 3. A. slowly B. hard C. regularly D. fast
( ) 4. A. money B. space C. place D. distance
( ) 5. A. alive B. alone C. asleep D. awake
( ) 6. A. about B. for C. by D. with
( ) 7. A. generous B. funny C. wise D. surprising
【难度】★★
【答案】1. A; 2. C; 3. D; 4. D; 5. A; 6. C; 7. C
C. Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
Sea level rise
Global warming may make the sea level become h___1___. Why? Well, warmer weather makes glaciers (冰川) m___2___. A glacier is a large block of ice that moves very, very s___3___. Some melting glaciers add more water to the ocean. Warmer temperatures also make water expand(膨胀). When water expands in the oceans, it takes up more space and the level of the sea r___4___.
Sea level may rise between several inches and as much as 3 feet during the next century. This will affect b___5___ natural systems and man-made structures along coastlines. Coastal flooding could cause salt water to f___6___ into areas with harmful salt, threatening plants and animals in those areas. For example, an increase in the salt content(含量) of the Delaware and Chesapeake bays is thought to have decreased the number of oysters (牡蛎) able to live in those waters.
1. h________ 2. m________ 3. s________ 4. r________ 5. b________ 6. f________
【难度】★
【答案】1. higher; 2. melt; 3.slowly; 4. rises; 5. both; 6. flow/flood
D. Answer the questions（根据以下内容回答问题）
At the moment, it may be difficult to imagine, but many people believe that, by the year 2100, we will live on the planet Mars. Our own planet, Earth, is becoming more and more crowded and polluted. Luckily, we can start again and build a better world on Mars.
First of all, transport should be much better. At present, our spaceships are too slow to carry large numbers of people to Mars—it takes months. However, by 2100, spaceship can travel at half the speed of light. It might take us two or three days to get to Mars!
Secondly, humans need food, water and air to live. Scientists should be able to develop plants that can be grown on Mars. These plants will produce the food and air that we need. However, can these plants produce water for us? There is no answer now.
There is a problem for us to live on Mars. Mars suck us much less than the Earth does. This will be dangerous because we could easily jump too high and fly slowly away into space. To prevent this, humans on Mars have to wear special shoes to make themselves heavier.
Life on Mars will be better than that on Earth in many ways. People will have more space. Living in a large building with only 10 bedrooms is highly possible. Many people believe that robots will do most of our work, so we have more time for our hobbies.
There will probably be no school on Mars. Every student will have a computer at home which is connected to the internet. They can study, do their homework and take exams in online schools. Each student will also have their own online teacher called “e-teacher”.
However, in some ways, life on Mars may not be better than that on the earth today. Food will not be the same—meals will probably be in the form of pills and will not be as delicious as they are today. Also, space travel will make many people feel ill. The spaceship will travel fast, so the journey to Mars will probably be very uncomfortable. (357 words)
1. It takes our spaceship months to carry people to Mars at present, doesn’t it?
_____________, _______________________________________________.
2. What should scientists do to make it possible for humans to live on Mars?
_____________________________________________________________.
3. How should humans avoid easily jumping too high and flying away on Mars?
_____________________________________________________________.
4. Why can we have more time for our hobbies if we live on Mars?
_____________________________________________________________.
5. Where will the students on Mars study, do their homework and take exams?
_____________________________________________________________.
6. Will you like the food in the form of pills? Tell your reason.
_____________________________________________________________.
【难度】★★
【答案】
1. Yes, it does.
2. Scientists should develop plants that can be grown on Mars.
3. Humans/They have to wear special shoes to make themselves heavier.
4. Because robots will do most of our work.
5. In online schools.
6. All reasonable answers are acceptable. ( E.g., No. Because they are not as delicious as they are today./Yes. Because it’s fast and convenient.)


9B U1预习

INCLUDEPICTURE "http://s16.sinaimg.cn/small/001OqWNegy6KzkxyqCjef%25252526690" \* MERGEFORMAT

This book says our world is in danger. It describes the v___1___ threats to the environment. The situation is so serious that we must do something to save the Earth.

so + 形容词/副词 + that从句
so + 形容词（+a/an）+ 名词 + that从句

such + a/an (+形容词) + 单数可数名词 + that从句
such（+ 形容词）+ 复数可数名词 + that从句
such（+ 形容词）+ 不可数名词 + that从句

Practice

environmentally friendly keep…from soil erosion
in the form of burn…up as well as
let…in in danger do with
take in

话题阅读：生活环境