Module 2 My home town and my country综合能力演练+知识点讲解

Module 2 My home town and my country
综合能力演练

【巩固练习】
I. 单项选择。
1．He looks very old；________ fact，he is only forty years old．
A．in B．but C．on D．at
2．The English countryside is very beautiful，_______ tourists like it very much．
A．but B．because C．so D．if
3．Bill is ________ taller than Danny．
A．many B．much C．more D．little
4．Urumqi is _______ the west of China．
A．in B．at C．on D．to
5．There are two _______ people living in the city．
A．hundreds B．million C．millions D．thousands
6．—Is Shenzhen as _______ as Beijing?
—No，it isn’t．It’s younger．
A．old B．older C．oldest D．the oldest
7．Where _______ your friend _______ from?
A．does；come B．is；come C．does；／ D．does；comes
8．China _______ the Great Wall and pandas．
A．famous for B．is famous C．is famous for D．be famous with
9．Sally ________ a student two years ago．
A．be B．is C．was D．are
10．I’m going to see my friends _______ Saturday afternoon．
A．at B．in C．on D．for
11．There weren’t many tall buildings in the city in _______．
A．the 1960s B．1960s C．1960’s D．the 1960
12．That country has _______．
A．many population B．much population
C．a few population D．a small population
13．Remember _______ Bird’s Nest(鸟巢) when you’re in Beijing．
A．visit B．to visit C．visiting D．visits
14．—_______ people work there?
—About 2,000．
A．How many B．How much C．How old D．How long
15．The first box is _______ than the second one．
A．big B．biger C．biggest D．bigger
[真题链接]
1. Lin Fang comes home _______ than before this term. She doesn't have so many classes in the afternoon. （2019年重庆市中考）
A. early B. earlier C. late D. later
2. I was looking for a birthday gift for my mother, but I couldn't find ______ suitable. （2019年江苏省中考）
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
3. There _________ a sports meet in our school next week. （2019年铜仁市中考）
A. is B. will have C. are D. will be
II. 完形填空。　　 I have a twin sister, Kitty. She has ____1____　hair than me. I don’t like long hair. Many people think we ____2____　have lots of things in common. I’m afraid this is not true. When my parents’ friends come to our home, Kitty often sits there and says ____3____, but I like to talk with them. So she is ____4　____　than me. Kitty likes reading, drawing and cooking. I just like swimming and playing basketball. She has ____5____　hobbies than me, but she is not as athletic ____6____　me. Because Kitty does ____7____　than me at school, my parents often say to me, “____8____　Kitty is younger than you, you should learn ____9____　her.” We do have some similarities(相似之处), however. For example, we ____10____　like eating fast food, going shopping and listening to pop music.　　1. A. longer　　　　　 B. long　 　　　　　 C. short　 　　　 D. shorter　　2. A. can　　　　　　 B. should　　　　　　 C. must　 　　　 D. need　　3. A. something　　　 B. nothing　　　　　 C. anything　　　 D. everything　　4. A. quieter　　　　 B. younger　　　　　 C. wilder　　 　 D. busier　　5. A. much　　 　　　　 B. more　　　　　　 C. less　　　　　 D. fewer　　6. A. than　　　　　　 B. as　　　 　　　　 C. to　　　 　　 D. for　　7. A. worse 　 　 　　 B. bad　　　　　　 　C. better　　　　 D. good　　8. A. If　　　 　　　　 B. No matter　　　　 C. Although　　　 D.As　　9. A. with　　　　　　 B. from　　 　　　　 C. as　　　　　　D. by　　10.A.either　　 　 B. all　　　　　　 　 C. both　　 　　 D. twoIII. 阅读理解。 A　　A little mouse thinks he is the tallest and strongest animal in the world. His mother says to him “Don’t say you are the strongest in front of an elephant. He doesn’t like that.”　　The little mouse doesn’t listen to his mother. He goes out to look for the elephant, but he doesn’t know who is the elephant. He meets an ant first. He asks her, “Are you an elephant?” “No, I am not,” says the ant.　　Then the little mouse meets a hare(野兔). He asks her, “Are you an elephant? You are bigger than me.” “No, I am not. An elephant is much bigger,” says the hare. The little mouse goes on.　　Suddenly he sees four big trees, “Aha, let me climb up one of the trees. Then I can see where the elephant is,” says the little mouse. Then he begins to climb one tree.　　“Get down! Get down!” someone shouts to him. “I’m the elephant. Go and climb that tall tree nearby. Then you can see me.”　　“Now I see. The elephant is the tallest and strongest animal in the world,” says the little mouse at last.　　根据短文内容判断正（T）误（F）。　　1. The little mouse thinks his mother is the tallest and strongest animal in the world.　　2. The little mouse knows who is the elephant at first.　　3. The little mouse meets an ant first.　　4. The little mouse climbs up one of the four trees.　　5. The little mouse thinks the elephant is the tallest and strongest animal in the world at last.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B　　Smith is one of my friends. He can run very fast and he is always ready to show people how fast he can run.　　One day a thief breaks into his house, takes some things of his and runs off as fast as he can. Smith runs after him and shouts, “Stop! Stop! Don’t you know you can’t run away from me?”　　But the thief only runs faster. Smith gets angry. He tries his best to run. He is soon a few miles (英里) away from his home. He doesn’t look at anything or anybody and is still rushing(冲) alone when he runs into me.　　“Why are you in a hurry?” I ask.　　“I am trying to catch a thief.”　　“But where is the thief?” I ask.　　“Far, far behind me.” Says Smith with a smile on the face.　　“He thinks he can run faster than I, but you see he is wrong.” 6. Smith wants everybody to know that ____________.　　A. he is good at running　　　 B. he jumps high 　　　C. he is ready to run
　　 7. Someone takes away some things from his house and then __________.　　A. goes out of his house 　　　B. goes into his house　　　 C. runs away quickly　　8. Smith gets angry because the thief ___________.　　A. takes away something good　　B. does not stop running　　C. runs faster than before　　9. Smith is very glad to tell his friend ___________.　　A. he catches the thief　　B. he runs much faster than the thief　　C. he is miles and miles behind the thief　　10. Where is the thief?　　A. He runs away.　　B. He runs after Smith.　　C. He stops to watch Smith running.
C
（2019年昆明市中考）
A city without cars would be very strange, right? But Venice is such a city.
Venice is in the northeast of Italy. It wasn't built on land, like Beijing or Shanghai, but on more than 110 islands.?Seawater is everywhere around the city.
Even so, travel isn't difficult. The waterways have always been the best way to get around. There are 117 waterways and more than 400 bridges that can guide you where you want to go. People in Venice move from place to place by boat. They like to enjoy the scenery(风光) and cool summer nights while taking boat trips.? They can talk to other people as they go along.
Venice grew out of small islands in saltwater lakes when some Italians escaped from a war over 1,500 years ago, and built homes there.
Water makes the city special, but it is also a big problem. Sometimes tourists will have such strange experiences. One moment they walk across the Rialto Bridge, and there’s nothing special. But when they come back to the bridge an hour later, it’s underwater and everyone is wearing rain shoes.
Once, people used too much underground water. This made the city get lower little by little. Now the city has gone down by 23 centimeters. Another problem is the rising seawater. The temperature has risen over the years. This has made the ice of the Arctic Ocean (北冰洋) melt(?融化).
Every year, high waters hit the city in autumn and winter. When a lot of water comes, more than half of the city is underwater.
Scientists are trying different ways to stop the city from getting even lower. The Italian government has asked some of Italy’s biggest companies to build the MOST project, which was planned to be built under the seawater to stop the rising water. Anyway, this project is helping solve the problem.
11. According to the passage, Venice is a ___________of Italy.
A. in the northeast. B. in the west. C. in the southwest D. in the south.
12._______have always been the best way to go here and there in the city.
A. Taxis and cars. B. The waterways C.400 bridges. D. Boats and rain shoes.
13. Venice _____________ small islands in saltwater lakes more than 1500 years ago.
A. change into B. used to be C. became D. developed from
14. Which is NOT the reason why the city gets lower and lower?
A. The higher temperature B. Overused underground water/
C. Too many waterways D. The rising seawater
15. The passage is mainly about??????? ?of Venice.
A. the waterways and bridge????? B. the MOST project and problems
C. the specials and problems??????? D. the history and scenery
IV. 书面表达。
你的家乡在什么地方?有多少人口?和北京、上海等城市比起来有何不同?请以“My home town”为题，写一篇60词左右的文章。　　　　　___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
答案与解析：
Ⅰ. 单项选择。
1．A。in fact是一个固定词组，意为“事实上”。
2．C。so意为“所以”，表示结果。句意：英国的乡村非常美丽，所以游客们非常喜欢它
3．B。四个选项中，只有much可以修饰比较级。“much+比较级”意为“……得多”。
4．A。乌鲁木齐是中国的一个城市，故用介词in，表示在地域上是包含关系。
5．B。hundred，thousand，million等词前面有数词修饰时应用单数形式。故选B。
6．A。as...as...意为“和……一样……”，as...as...中间用形容词或副词的原级。结合答语知此处应选old。
7．A。含有实义动词的一般现在时的句子变一般疑问句时应加助动词do或does，助动词之后的实义动词用原形。come from＝be from意为“来自”。
8．C。be famous for...意为“因……而闻名”。句意：中国因长城和熊猫而闻名。
9．C。“一段时间+ago”用于一般过去时，故选C。
10．C。具体到某一天的上午、下午或晚上应用介词on。
11．A。表示在多少年代要用定冠词the，并且在年份后加“s”或“’s”。故“在20世纪60年代”应为in the 1960s或in the 1960’s。
12．D。population可用large，big或small修饰，不能用many，much，a few等修饰，故选D。
13．B。句意：当你在北京时记着参观鸟巢。表示“记着做某事”用remember to do sth.，故选B。
14．A。how many“多少”，用于提问可数名词的数量，由答语可知选A。
15．D。由than可知应用比较级，big的比较级是bigger。
[真题链接]
1.B。句意：林芳这个学期比以前回家早了。她下午没有那么多课了。本题考查副词比较级。由设空处后的than及句意可知答案为B项。
2. B。句意：我在找一份送给妈妈的生日礼物，但是我找不到任何合适的东西。本题考查不定代词的用法。something某物，某事，一般不用于疑问句或否定句中；anything任何东西，任何事物，用于否定句、疑问句；nothing没有东西；everything所有东西，一切。根据题意选B项。
3.D。本句意为：下周我们学校将会有一个运动会。本题考查there be句型的用法；There will be是there be句式的一般将来时态，故答案选D。
II. 完形填空。
1. A。根据后文的than及I don’t like long hair可知用比较级longer。
2. C。双胞胎“一定”有很多共同点。
3. B。根据后文的but I like to talk with them可知Kitty不说话。
4. A。Kitty不说话，所以比“我更安静”。
5. B。从作者列举的爱好可知Kitty的爱好比我多。
6. B。不像我爱运动，not as…as。
7. C。根据后文可知，Kitty在校表现比我好。
8. C。根据句意“虽然Kitty比你小，你也应该向他学习。”
9. B。同上。learn…from…意为“向……学习……”。
10. C。表示“两者都”用both。
III. 阅读理解。
A篇
1-5 FFTFT
B篇
6. A。根据文章第一段第二句话可知答案。
7. C。根据文章第二段第一句话可知答案。
8. B。根据第二段可知答案。
9. B。根据Smith和“我”的对话可知答案。
10. A。根据文章内容可以推断出来。
C篇
11. A。由第二段的第一句话Venice is in the northeast of Italy可知威尼斯在意大利的东北部；故本题答案选A。
12. B。由第三段的第二句话The waterways have always been the best way to get around可知水路一直是最好的出行方式，故本题答案选B。
13. D。由第四段Venice grew out of small islands in saltwater lakes when some Italians escaped from a war over 1,500 years ago,可知威尼斯源于在咸水湖泊中小的岛屿，在1500年前一些意大利人逃离战争时，grew out of产生自…；从…发展;与它意思相近的词语是：developed from；故答案选D。
14. B。由倒数第三段Once, people used too much underground water. This made the city get lower little by little. Now the city has gone down by 23 centimeters. Another problem is the rising seawater. The temperature has risen over the years.可知使这个城市变得越来越低的原因是：太多的水道、气温变高以及海水上升，答案B没有提及，故答案选B。
15. C。由文中最后一段的最后一句话Anyway, this project is helping solve the problem.以及上文的内容，可知本文主要讲述了威尼斯这个城市的特别以及问题。故答案选C。
IV. 书面表达。
参考范文：
Weifang is my home town．I like it very much．It has a population of more than nine million．It is smaller than that of Shanghai．And Shanghai is busier than my home town．Weifang is famous for kites．Every year，many visitors come to my home town in April．
I like my home town very much．
Module 2 My home town and my country
词句精讲精练

词汇精讲
1. in the east of
in the east of…意为“在……的东部”。例如：
Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海在中国的东部。
【拓展】
in / to/ on+方位名词
（1）in表示在某一地区之内（属于该范围）。例如：
Taiwan is in the southeast of China. 台湾位于中国的东南部。
（2）to表示在某一地区之外（不属于该范围），两地不接壤。例如：
Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国的东部。
（3）on表示与某一地区相邻，两地相接壤。例如：
North Korea is on the east of China. 朝鲜在中国东部。
2. population
population意为“人口”时，是一个集体名词，被看作一个整体，在句中做主语时，后面的谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
China has a quarter of the world’s population. 中国人口占世界人口的四分之一。
【拓展】
（1）当表示一个城市、地区或国家有多少人口时，常用以下两种结构，即“the population of + 某地 + is + 数词”或“某地 + has a population of + 数词”。例如：
The population of London is over ten million. = London has a population of over ten million. 伦敦的人口超过一千万。
（2） population可与large，small搭配，但不能与many，few搭配。例如：
The city with its large population has become crowded.
这个人口众多的城市变得拥挤不堪了。
（3）询问人口数量常用what或how large。例如：
What’s the population of the city?
= How large is the population of the city? 这个城市有多少人口？
（4）population前有修饰词，如分数、百分数时，表示整体人口中的一部分，谓语动词复数形式。例如：
Half of the population of the city are farmers. 这个城市的一半人口是农民。
3. especially
（1）especially表示“特别地”，用于修饰形容词或副词，强调程度。有时也修饰动词。
例如：
It is especially cold today. 今天特别冷。
We are especially busy today. 我们今天特别忙。
I’m feeling especially tired this evening. 今天晚上我特别累。
I especially want to see that film. 我特别想看那部电影。
（2）用于强调目的，意为“特意、专门”，通常与表目的的不定式或介词 for 短语连用。例如：
We bought it especially for you. 这是我们特意为你买的。
The book is written especially for children.
这本书是专门为孩子们写的。
（3）表示陈述某一事实之后，列举一个具有代表性的例子，作进一步强调，其后可接名词、介词短语、从句等。例如：
This street is very crowded, especially on Sundays.
这条街很拥挤，尤其是星期天。
We want to invite some friends, especially Jim and John.
我们想邀请几个朋友，尤其是吉姆和约翰。
【拓展】
（1）special 作形容词，意为“特殊的，特别的，专门的(反义词：ordinary)”，强调事物特有的性质、性格或专门的目的、用途。 例如：
You must have special permission to enter this room．
你必须得到特许才能进这个房间。
（2）especial 作形容词，意为“特别的，主要的，突出的(反义词：common)”，强调的是重要性，有“尤其、特别”之意。例如：
He solved the problem of especial importance．
他解决了非常重要的问题。
4. north
（1）north作名词，意为“北，北方，北部”。例如：
Heilongjiang Province is in the north of China.
黑龙江省地处中国的北部。
（2）north作形容词，意为“北方的，北部的，来自北方的”，是定语形容词，在句中只用作定语。north如所修饰的名词是地理名词，则其前不加冠词，如是普通名词，则其前加冠词。例如：
We seldom meet with such fish in the north country.
我们在北方很少看到这种鱼。
North America has good climate for wild grapes.
北美的气候适合野生葡萄的生长。
（3）north作副词，意为“向北方”，多修饰动态动词。例如：
Most birds fly north in spring.
大多数鸟儿在春天飞向北方。
【拓展】
英语中表示方向的词：north — 北方；west — 西方；east — 东方；south — 南方；southeast — 东南；southwest — 西南；northwest — 西北；northeast — 东北。
5. such as
such as意为“例如”，用来“罗列”同类人或物中的几个例子，可置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，但such as后边不能用逗号。 例如：
I have many hobbies such as reading, dancing and singing.
我有很多爱好，如读书，跳舞和唱歌。
Many of the English programs are welcome, such as Follow Me, Follow Me to Science.
其中有许多英语节目很受欢迎，例如《跟我学》、《跟我学科学》。
English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia, Canada and so on.
许多国家说英语，如澳大利亚、加拿大等。
【拓展】
for example也意为“例如”，但是强调“举例”说明，而且一般只举同类人或物中的一个作为插入语，且用逗号隔开。for example可置于句首、句中或句末。
例如：
There are many kinds of pollution, for example, noise is a kind of pollution.
污染方式有许多种，例如噪音就是一种污染。
Many students like playing computer games，for example，Mike.
许多学生喜欢玩电脑游戏，比如迈克。
6. ago
ago作副词，意为“以前”，表示从现在算起的“以前”，常与一般过去时态连用。例如：
I came here two years ago. 我两年前来这里的。
He arrived three hours ago. 他三小时前到达的。
【拓展】
ago与before
（1）ago表示“从现在起的若干时间以前”，意思是“距今……以前”，常和一般过去时连用。before泛指“从过去起的若干时间以前”，意思是 “距过去某时……以前”，常和完成时连用，尤其在间接引语中。例如：
I visited him three days ago, but he had gone to Shanghai a week before.我三天前去访问他，但他已于那时的一周前到上海去了。
His parents died ten years ago. 他父母十年前都去世了。
He said that his parents had died ten years before. 他说他父母亲十年前都去世了。
（2）如果不具体表明多少时间以前，只用before不用ago，意为“从前、以前”。before仍以副词的形式置于被修饰语后，常与完成时连用。例如：
Have you seen this film before? 你以前看过那部电影吗？
He asked me whether I had been to the Great Wall before.
他问我以前是否去过长城。
（3）表示在某一点时间或事件以前时，只用before不用ago，这种用法是将before当作介词或连词使用。ago不具有这一功能。例如：
They will come back before six o’clock. 他们将在六点前回来。
It is hoped that this project will be finished before the year 1995．希望这项工程将在1995年以前完成。
7. older
older为形容词old的比较级形式，意为“更旧的；岁数更大的”。例如：
His bike is older than mine. 他的自行车比我的旧。
My grandfather is older than my grandmother. 我的爷爷比奶奶岁数大。
【注意】
older与elder
（1）older 通常用于比较两个人的年龄大小或者两个物体之间的新旧程度。例如：He is older than his brother. 他比他的兄弟年长。
This book is older than that one. 这本书比那一本旧一些。
（2）elder专用于同一个家庭成员之间的长幼对比，也有时指职位、身份较高的人，且只能用于形容人。例如：
Tom is my elder brother．汤姆是我的哥哥。
You are all elder statesmen．你们都是政治元老/资深政客。
8. much wider
much此处作副词，修饰比较级。修饰比较级是副词much的常见用法，“much + 比较级”的意思是“更……”或“……得多”。例如：
It’s much colder today than it was yesterday. 今天比昨天冷得多。
We will be a much better football team next year. 明年我们将会成为一支更好的足球队。
【拓展】
much修饰形容词的原级
much修饰形容词原级的情形主要见于那些由过去分词转化来的形容词。例如：
I was much annoyed. 我很不高兴。
She wasn’t much surprised. 她并不太惊讶。
【注意】
有个别非分词转化来的形容词有时也可用much修饰，但这种用法很有限，通常只见于good, different等少数几个形容词。例如：
I don’t think this battery is much good. 我并不认为这种电池非常好。
The new school isn’t much different from the old one. 新学校与老学校区别不太大。
词汇精练
I. 把下列词组英汉互译。
1．pretty good ________________
2．________________事实上
3．in the 1980s________________
4．as...as...________________
5．on the coast________________
6．________________有一天
7．much bigger________________
8．________________在……的东／西／南／北部（包含关系）
9．lots of________________
10．________________以……而闻名
11．________________多大(年龄)
12．the population of________________
II. 根据汉语或首字母提示补全句子。
1．—How was your school trip?
—P________ good．
2．The p________ of the city is more than 23 million．
3．Beijing is b________ than Tianjin．
4．This boy is taller t________ that girl．
5．There are lots of trees on the h________．
6．My mother likes fruit，_______(尤其) apples．
7．Some people like living in the ________(乡下)．
8．I can see four _______(岛) in the picture．
9．The ________(北) of the country is colder than the south．
III. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空（每空不限一词）。
1．There are two ________(university) in our city．
2．My brother’s room is ________(big) than my sister’s．
3．There are four ________(million) people in this country．
4．This tree is tall but that tree is much ________(tall)．
5．Remember ________(visit) Big Ben when you go to London．
IV．从方框中选择恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空。
busy， build， million， east， village， famous
1．Shanghai is a big city in the ________ of China.
2．They lived in a remote(偏远的) ________．
3．He is a very ________ writer in this country．
4．I have no time．I’m ________ with my work．
5．You can see lots of old ________ in the old city．
6．There are ________ of books in our library．
V．听力链接。（2019江西省中考）
请听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。听完每段对话后，你都将有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1. Who sent the camera to Lily?? ?A. Her friends.? ?? ?? ?? ?B. Her grandparents.? ?? ???C. Her parents.2. When will the girl have the final exam?? ?A. Tomorrow.? ?? ?? ?? ? B. On Monday.? ?? ?? ?? ? C. On Friday.3. Whose notebook is this?? ?A. Jenny’s.? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?B. Linda’s? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???C. Bob’s.4. Why does Peter look tired?? ?A. He had a football match.? ?B. He stayed up late for his exam.? ?C. He watched a football match.5. What does the girl mean?? ?A. She doesn’t like swimming.? ?B. She can’t go swimming with Tom.? ?C. She will go swimming with her mother.
【参考答案】
I. 把下列词组英汉互译。
1．相当好 2．in fact 3．在20世纪80年代 4．和……一样……
5．在海岸线上 6．one day 7．大得多 8．in the east／west／south／north of
9．许多 10．be famous for 11．how old 12．……的人口
II. 根据汉语或首字母提示完成下列句子。
1．Pretty 2．population 3．bigger 4．than 5．hill
6．especially 7．countryside 8．islands 9．north
III. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空（每空不限一词）。
1．universities 2．bigger 3．million 4．taller 5．to visit
IV．从方框中选择恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空。
1．east 2．village 3．famous 4．busy 5．buildings 6．millions
V．听力链接。
听力材料及答案
1.C 2．B 3. A 4.C 5. B
听力原文：
请听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。听完每段对话后，你都将有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。
1. M: Lily, is that your new camera?
W: Yes, it’s a digital camera from my mum and dad. It’s my birthday present.
2. M: Hey, do you want to come to the movie tomorrow?
W: I can’t. I will have the final exam on Monday. So I’m studying for it.
3. M: Is this notebook yours, Linda?
W: No, it’s not mine, Bob. My notebook is red. I think it’s Jenny’s. Look, her name is on it.
4. W: Peter looks very tired. Did he stay up late for his math exam?
M: Not really. He watched a football match till midnight.
5. M: Hi, Susan! What about going swimming with me?
W: That’s a good idea, Tom. But my mother has gone shopping. I have to look after my little sister.
句式精讲
1. Cambridge is 80 kilometers from London.
“?距离+(away)?from +地点”表示“距离某地有多远”。?away from用于表示确切的距离（此时不用far），away可省略，但如果句子不带from短语，则不能省。例如：
He lives two miles (away) from here.
他住的地方离这儿有两英里远。
He lives two miles away.
他住在两英里远的地方。
【拓展】
（1）far (away) from…意为“离……很远”，不加具体距离。例如：
The school is far (away) from my home. 学校离我家很远。
（2）how far用来询问距离，意为“多远”。构成How far is it from … to…，意为“从……到……有多远”。例如：
How far is it from your school to the cinema? 从你们学校到电影院有多远？
2. There are many famous monuments, memorials and museums in Washington DC.
There be...句型表示的是 “某处有(存在)某人或某物”，其结构为There be(is，are，was, were )+名词+地点状语。例如：
There are fifty-two students in our class. 我们班有五十二个学生。
There is a pencil in my pencil-case. 我的笔袋里有一支铅笔。
否定句：
There be句型否定句式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not。也可用no来表示。即：no + n.（名词）= not aanany + n.（名词）。例如：
There isn’t an orange in her bag.
=There is no orange in her bag. 她的包里没有橘子。
There aren’t any books in her bag.
=There are no books in her bag. 她的包里没有书。
一般疑问句：
There be结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。
例如：
There is some money in her handbag. (肯定句)
她的手提袋里有一些钱。
→ Is there any money in her handbag? （一般疑问句）
她的手提袋里有钱吗？
【注意】
there be句型初中阶段重要句型之一，there在句中只是起引导词的作用，不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。例如：
There is a teacher and many students in our classroom.
我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。
There are two boys and a girl under the tree.
树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。
3. show sth. to sb.
show sth.to sb. = show sb. sth.，意为“把某物给某人看”。例如：
Could you show me your photos?
= Could you show your photos to me? 你能把你的照片给我看看吗？
【拓展】
（1）show sb. around some place 意为“带领某人参观某地”。例如：
Could you show us around Beijing when you are free?
当你有空时，你能带领我们参观北京吗？
（2）类似结构有：give / send / pass / bring / lend sb. sth
　　=give / send / pass / bring / lend sth. to sb. 意为“给/寄/递/带给/借/告诉某人某物”。
以上这些动词是可以跟双宾语的，第二宾语是人，第一宾语是物。例如：
Please pass me the salt.
=Please pass the salt to me. 请递给我盐。
4. Is there anything special about it?
anything special中special作后置定语，修饰不定代词anything。由some / any / no / every /与body / thing或where等构成复合不定代词或不定副词时，其修饰词常后置。例如：
I want to move somewhere else. 我想要搬到别的地方去。
He has something important to say. 他有重要的话要说。
【拓展】
常用的复合不定代词有：somebody; someone; something; anybody; anyone; anything; nobody; nothing; everyone; everybody; everything等。不定代词有两种用法：一是作主语时，相当于单数第三人称；一是被形容词修饰，形容词常作后置定语。例如：
Everyone is here. 人人都在这里。
I’ll buy you something new. 我要给你买些新东西。
口诀：
不定代词美名扬，修饰成分后边藏；单数动词作谓语，何时何地都一样。
5. be famous for
be famous意为“著名的，出名的”，相当于be well-known。
【拓展】
be famous for与be famous as
（1）sb. be famous for表示某人以某种知识、技能或特征出名。
sb. be famous as表示某人以某种身份出名。
例如：
Einstein was famous for his Theory of Relativity. 爱因斯坦因他的“相对论”而著名。
Einstein was famous as a great scientist. 爱因斯坦作为一位伟大的科学家而著名。
（2）sp. be famous for表示因某种特产而出名。
sp. be famous as表示以某物的产地而出名。
例如：
The area is famous for its green tea. 这个地区因绿茶而出名。
The area is famous as a green tea producing place. 这个地区作为绿茶产地很出名。
句式精练
I. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。
1．India is smaller than China．(改为同义句)
China is ________ ________ India．
2．Cambridge is in the east of England．(就划线部分提问)
________ ________ Cambridge?
3．London is famous for Big Ben，Buckingham Palace and Tower Bridge．(就划线部分提问)
________ London famous ________?
4．Our city has one million people．(就划线部分提问)
________ ________ ________ of your city?
5．It’s very warm in New York．(就划线部分提问)
________ the ________ ________ in New York?
II. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。
1．上海有许多高楼。
There are many ________ ________ in Shanghai．
2．五年前他们来到了中国。
They came to China ________ ________ ________．
3．我妈妈和我爸爸一样忙。
My mother is ________ ________ ________ my father．
4．在冬天，上海比香港更暖和吗?
Is Shanghai ________ in winter ________ Hong Kong?
5．北京是一座比长春更古老的城市。
Beijing is an ________ ________ than Changchun．
6．我们给朋友们展示一幅画卷。
________ ________ a picture ________ our friends.
III．用所给形容词的适当形式填空。
1．Tom is 15 years old．He is________(old) than I．
2．This building is ________(high) than that one．
3．Our village is ________(small) than yours．
4．The new road is ________(wide) than the old one．
5．Miss Green is ________(thin) than her sister．
6．It is ________(hot) in Nanjing than that in Beijing．
7．Lesson Five is the ________(easy) one of the two lessons．
8．I think this mountain is ________(low) than that one．
9．My mother is ________(busy) than my father．
10．Bill is ________(short) than any other boy in our class．
IV.根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子使对话意义连贯、完整。
（2019湖南衡阳中考）
A: The summer holiday is coming. (1) _____________________?
B: I’m going to Mount Heng which lies in Nanyue.
A: (2) ____________________________?
B: I will be there for three days.
A: (3) ____________________________?
B: It's less than an hour's drive from Hengyang City.
A: (4) ____________________________?
B: It's very beautiful. And many tourists go there for holidays every year.
A: Oh, I see. (5) ____________________?
B: I’ll go with my parents.
A: It's time for class now. See you.
B: See you.
【参考答案】
I. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。
1．bigger than
2．Where is
3．What’s，for
4．What’s the population
5．What’s，weather like
II. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。
1．tall buildings
2．five years ago
3．as busy as
4．warmer，than
5．older city
6．Let’s show，to
III．用所给形容词的适当形式填空。
1．older 2．higher 3．smaller 4．wider 5．thinner
6．hotter 7．easier 8．lower 9．busier 10．shorter
IV. 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子使对话意义连贯、完整。
1. Where are you going?/ Where are you going on vacation?
2. How long are you going to stay there?
3. How far is it from Hengyang City?
4. How / What about there?
5. Who goes there together with you?