(共64张PPT)
Unit 3 Under the sea
单词注释
难句剖析
导读诱思
Life in the deep sea
海底生物千奇百怪,琵琶鱼就是其中的一种。你想了解琵琶鱼的情况吗?还是让我们先睹为快吧!
Strange-looking creatures live in the deepest parts of the ocean,where no light ever reaches.One of the creatures of this dark,high-pressure underwater habitat1 is the anglerfish.It has several unusual features2.?
单词注释
难句剖析
导读诱思
Since it is so dark in the depths of Davy Jones’ Locker3,it is very difficult for fish to spot possible prey (猎物) or to find mates.The female anglerfish solves the hunting problem by means of a long tentacle4,up to four inches in length,which extends upward from the top of her body.This tentacle acts as a fishing pole of sorts:its end emits a glowing light that in the darkness serves to attract smaller fish.At the appropriate moment,the female anglerfish quickly catches her prey.?
单词注释
难句剖析
导读诱思
Nature has apparently solved the anglerfish’s problem of finding a mate by developing a relationship in which the male of the species acts as a parasite5 to the female.The much smaller male anglerfish attaches himself to a female early in his life by biting into her flesh.His mouth becomes firmly attached to the female’s skin,and soon they are even sharing the same bloodstream!After this stage has been reached,the male receives his food through the connection to the female,and soon his own digestive organs and other major organs become worse.Only the reproductive organs remain not damaged.
单词注释
难句剖析
导读诱思
1.habitat/?h?bIt?t/ n. (动植物的)生活环境;栖息地
2.feature/?fi?t??(r)/ n. 特色;特征;特点
3.Davy Jones’ Locker 深不可测的海底
4.tentacle/?tent?kl/ n. 触角;触手;触须
5.parasite/?p?r?saIt/ n. 寄生生物;寄生虫
单词注释
难句剖析
导读诱思
1.Strange-looking creatures live in the deepest parts of the ocean,where no light ever reaches.
译文:一些看上去稀奇古怪的生物生活在海洋的最深处,没有光线能照射到那里。
剖析:此句中where引导一个定语从句,修饰先行词the deepest parts of the ocean。
2.The female anglerfish solves the hunting problem by means of a long tentacle,up to four inches in length,which extends upward from the top of her body.
译文:雌琵琶鱼通过一条长达四英寸的触须来解决捕猎问题,这条触须从身体的顶端向上延伸。
剖析:此句中which引导一个非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词a long tentacle。
单词注释
难句剖析
导读诱思
1.What does the anglerfish use her tentacle to do?
答案:1.The tentacle acts as a fishing pole of sorts:its end emits a glowing light that in the darkness serves to attract smaller fish and at the appropriate moment,the female anglerfish quickly catches her prey.
2.What does the anglerfish’s “hunting problem” refer to?
答案: The anglerfish’s “hunting problem” refers to spotting possible prey.
Section Ⅰ— Warming Up, Pre-reading,
Reading & Comprehending
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一、把A栏中的单词和B栏中的英文释义搭配起来
A B
1.urge a.a short,usually amusing story about a real person or event
2.pause b.to jump into water with your head and arms going in first
3.witness c.working together;organized cooperation
4.abandon d.to run away;to escape (esp.from danger,threat etc.)
5.accommodation e.to strongly suggest that someone does something
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6.yell f.a short stop while doing or saying something
7.drag g.to be present at (sth) and see it
8.opposite h.to give up completely
9.teamwork i.room(s),esp.for living in
10.flee j.to shout loudly because you are angry,excited or in pain
11.anecdote k.to pull (sb/sth) along with effort and difficulty
12.dive l.entirely different;contrary
答案:1.e 2.f 3.g 4.h 5.i 6.j 7.k 8.l 9.c 10.d 11.a 12.b
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二、短语填空
1. their annual migration在它们每年一度的洄游途中?
2.sort 整理;收拾?
3. pausing一刻不停地?
4.a pack 一群?
5.aim ... ...瞄准……?
6.bring 引进;增加?
7. the meantime 在此期间;与此同时?
8.hold 阻挡;拦截?
9.help (...) 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难?
10. need of 迫切需要?
11.ahead 提前;在……前面?
12.come 跟着来;进展?
on
out
without
of
at
in
in
up
out
in
of
on
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While-reading
三、阅读Pre-reading中的小短文,完成下列表格
Clancy
A whaler
Anecdotes
At the beginning of the 20th century
The southeastern coast of Australia
Whalers,killer whales and baleen whales
The killer whale helped the whalers to
kill a baleen whale
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四、阅读课文OLD TOM THE KILLER WHALE,将下列句子按照正确的顺序排列
1.George started beating the water with his oar.
2.Clancy jumped into the boat with the whalers.
3.Clancy arrived at the whaling station.
4.The killers started racing between their boat and the whale.
5.Clancy heard a huge noise coming from the bay.
6.Clancy was sorting out his accommodation.
7.Clancy ran down to the shore.
8.The man in the bow of the boat aimed the harpoon at the whale.
正确的顺序为 。?
答案:36572148
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五、阅读课文OLD TOM THE KILLER WHALE并回答下列问题
1.Who first shouted that the killer was coming?
A.The author. B.James.
C.George. D.Old Tom.
答案:C
2.Why did George beat the water with the oar?
A.To frighten the whale away.
B.To call back Old Tom to lead the way.
C.To attract the attention of the huge whale.
D.To send signals to other whales.
答案:B
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3.Why did the killers throw themselves on top of the whale’s blow-hole?
A.To protect the whale.
B.To help the whale run away.
C.To stop the whale breathing.
D.To tell other killers to come closer.
答案:C
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4.What happened to James?
A.He suddenly caught a big fish.
B.He suddenly fell into the sea.
C.He helped the injured Old Tom.
D.A whale attacked him and he died.
答案:B
5.What’s the main idea of this passage?
A.About a big fish which helped the fishermen.
B.About great whales which helped the whalers.
C.About the whalers who were surviving on the sea.
D.About the whale station where the whalers could catch the whales.
答案:B
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Post-reading
六、根据课文内容填空
Working at the whaling station,I had witnessed whales 1.
(attack) many times.On the afternoon I 2._______ (arrive) at the station,as I was sorting out my accommodation,I heard a loud noise coming from the bay.3. (run) down to the shore in time,we saw an enormous animal.?
“That’s Old Tom,the killer,” George called out to me.In the 4.
(distant) we could see 5. something was happening.As we drew 6. (near),I could see a whale being attacked by 7.
pack of about six killers.Being badly 8. (wound),
the whale soon died.Very soon,9. body was dragged by the killers down 10. the depths of the sea.?
being attacked
arrived
Running
distance
that
nearer
a
wounded
its
into
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1.It was a time when the killer whales,or “killers” as they were then called,helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.
那个时期,虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。
剖析本句含有三个定语从句:when the killer whales helped the whalers catch the baleen whales修饰先行词a time;as they were then called修饰先行词killers;that were on their annual migration修饰先行词the baleen whales。
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考点一as引导的定语从句
Jack has won first prize,as it often happens.
像经常发生的那样,杰克得了一等奖。
He is not the same man as he was.
他跟过去的他完全不一样了。
归纳 (1)as常用在as (it) often happens等结构中。
(2)as引导限制性定语从句常用于下列句式:
such + n.+ as ...像……一样
the same + n.+ as ...和……一样的
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(1)在句子中比较as,it与what的用法:
As is known to us all,China has the largest population in the world.
It is known to us all that China has the largest population in the world.
What is known to us all is that China has the largest population in the world.
众所周知,中国是世界上人口数量最多的国家。
归纳 as引导非限制性定语从句时,指代主句,意为“正如”。
it在句子中可用作形式主语。
what在句子中可引导主语从句。
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(2)辨析such ...as与such ...that ...:
We have found such materials as are used in their factory.
我们已经找到了像他们工厂里用的那种材料。
He is such a clever boy as everyone likes.
He is such a clever boy that everyone likes him.
他是一个非常聪明的男孩,每个人都喜欢他。
归纳 such ...as中as引导的是限制性定语从句,as在定语从句中做主语或宾语。such ...that...引导的是状语从句,表示结果,that在从句中不充当成分。
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考点二annual adj.每年的;按年度计算的
n.年刊;年鉴
The issues will be voted at the annual meeting on April 21.
这些问题将在4月21日的年会上投票表决。
Mr Watson’s annual income is 100,000 yuan.
沃森先生的年收入为十万元。
the Football Annual《足球年刊》
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活学活用
语法填空
(1) was most important to her,she told me,was her family.?
(2) I explained on the phone,your request will be considered at the meeting.?
(3) is known to us all that the earth travels around the sun.?
选词填空(as/which)
(4)She has been absent again, is expected.?
(5)Tom has made rapid progress, makes me very happy.?
What
As
It
as
which
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2.I thought,at the time,that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many times.
当时,我以为这只是一个故事罢了,但是后来我亲眼见过多次。
剖析that this was just a story做thought的宾语。at the time “在那时候”,位置应在story之后,做时间状语,提前是为了强调。
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考点witness vt.当场见到;目击
n.目击者;证人;证据
The reporter witnessed the tsunami sweeping away all the cars and buildings as well as humans on its road.
那位记者亲眼看到海啸横扫所到之处的所有汽车、建筑物以及行人。
The police found the witness to the murder case.
警察找到了那起谋杀案的目击者。
A receipt is the witness that the bill has been paid.
收据是付过钱的证据。
【高考典句】Three weeks ago,I witnessed a small near-disaster a few miles west of here.
三个星期前,我目击了西边离这儿几英里处的一场接近灾难的事件。
归纳 witness用作及物动词时,后面直接跟名词做宾语。
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辨析witness,look,see,watch和notice:
Emily witnessed the accident and was scared.
艾米莉亲眼看见了那场事故,她吓坏了。
I looked over the street but saw nobody.
我环视街道,但是没看到任何人。
Did you watch the tennis match?
你看网球比赛了吗?
Didn’t you notice?He has dyed his hair.
你没注意吗?他染头发了。
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归纳:witness强调当场看见、亲眼看见。
look “看”,强调“看”的动作。
see “看见”,强调“看到”的结果。
watch “观看,观察”,指集中注意力观看,以便对每一个变化、动作等进行观察。
notice “注意到”。
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活学活用
完成句子
(1)Can you (看到)the evidence of the volcano from the stone??
(2) (看)!There is a rare old vase in the hole!?
(3)I (观察)the volcano burning for more than three hours.?
(4)He (注意到)that a river of liquid rock was coming towards him.?
(5)This old classroom has (见证) many geniuses.?
see
Look
watched
noticed
witnessed
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3.We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again.
我们及时赶到岸边,看到对面有一个庞大的动物猛力跃出水面,然后又坠落到水里。
考点一 in time to do sth/in time for sth及时做某事
The ambulance got there in time to save the patient’s life.
救护车及时到达那儿挽救了病人的生命。
She came running all the way in time for the meeting.
她一路跑着来及时赶上了会议。
【高考典句】Investing(投入) in time for parenting and raising relationships is money well spent.
在养育子女和培养家长和子女关系上的投入是值得花的钱。
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time的相关短语
in time 及时;最后;终于
all the time始终;一直
in no time 立刻;马上
at no time绝不;在任何时候都不
ahead of time 提前
at one time 曾经;一度;同时
at a time 一次;每次
The letter I was searching for was in my pocket all the time.
我到处寻找的那封信其实一直就在我的口袋里。
At no time will he give in to the difficulties.
他绝不向困难低头。
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考点二opposite prep.在……的对面;与……相反
adj.相对的;相反的
n.对立的人/物;对立面;反面
The bank is opposite the supermarket.
银行在超市的对面。
I watched them leave and then drove off in the opposite direction.
我目送他们离去,然后开车向相反的方向驶去。
Hot and cold are opposites.
热和冷是对立面。
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be opposite to与……相反;在……对面
oppose vt.反对;对抗
My opinion is opposite to yours.I oppose the tax on vehicles and vessels.
我的观点与你的相反。我反对征收车船税。
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活学活用
语法填空
(1)Will we be time for the six o’clock train??
(2)To everybody’s great surprise,the result was quite opposite
what we had expected.?
(3)I thought the measures would work,but it had the (oppose) effect.?
in
to
opposite
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4.This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.
这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始的呼声。
剖析there was about to be a whale hunt是announced的宾语从句。
考点be about to do正要做;即将做
The fourth round was about to be over when the Lakers got 3 points,which made them win the game by two points.
第四节马上就要结束,正在这时湖人队得到3分,这使得他们以两分的优势赢得了比赛。
I was about to go out when the telephone rang.
我正想出去突然电话铃响了。
归纳:该句型很少与表示将来的具体时间连用,但可以和when引导的时间状语从句连用。
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辨析be about to (do),will (do),be going to (do)和be to (do):
The plane is about to take off.飞机就要起飞了。
You will be in time if you hurry.你要是快一点儿就能来得及。
Look at the dark clouds.It is going to rain.
看这乌云,要下雨了。
My father is to visit Japan in a week.
我父亲将于一周后去日本。
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归纳 be about to (do) “正要做……”,不能与immediately,very soon,at once等表示时间的副词或词组连用。可与when引导的时间状语从句连用。
will (do)表示对事物的预料。
be going to (do)表示有迹象显示将要发生某一动作或某事,也可表示按计划或安排将要做的事。
be to (do)表示按计划或安排而将要做的事。
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活学活用
完成句子
(1)I (正要离开公司) when the boss asked me to do some cleaning.?
(2)It looks as if (要下雨了).?
(3)We (要举行一个会议) tomorrow.?
单句改错
(4)The train is about to leave in ten minutes.
was about to leave the company
it is going to rain
are to/are going to have a meeting
答案:is about to→is to
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5.“Come on,Clancy.To the boat,” George said as he ran ahead of me.I had already heard that George didn’t like being kept waiting,so even though I didn’t have the right clothes on,I raced after him.
“克兰西,快来,上船去。”乔治在我前面边跑边说。我以前就听说过,乔治不喜欢等人,所以尽管我还没有穿上合适的衣服,就跟在他后面跑起来。
剖析being kept waiting是动词-ing短语的被动语态,做like的宾语。even though引导让步状语从句。
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考点一ahead of 在……前面
【高考典句】With long lives ahead of them,they need to stay active and be devoted.
前面还有很长的路,他们需要保持积极的心态和奉献的精神。
Directly ahead of us is the royal palace.
我们正前方就是皇宫。
We finished the task ahead of time.
我们提前完成了任务。
By working hard,he got ahead of the rest of the class.
通过努力学习,他超过了班上其他同学。
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归纳:ahead of的常见搭配:
ahead of sb/sth在某人/某物的前面
ahead of time提前
go ahead先走,走在前面;干吧,说吧
You go ahead and I am coming.
你先走一步,我就来。
Go ahead and do what you like.
去吧,喜欢干什么就干什么。
归纳:go ahead常常在情景交际中作为答语出现,其含义是对某种请求的一种许可,意为“好吧/用吧/干吧”。
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考点二even though尽管;即使
【高考典句】My grandfather still plays tennis now and then,even though he’s in his nineties.
我的祖父仍时不时地打网球,尽管他现在90多岁了。
【高考典句】Even though the conference hall is near his apartment,he has to hurry a little if he wants to be punctual.
尽管会场离他的公寓很近,但要想准时他也必须快一点。
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辨析even though与as though:
even though相当于even if“尽管……但是……”,引导让步状语从句。
as though相当于as if“仿佛……”,引导方式状语从句。
He acted as though nothing had happened.
他表现得像什么都没有发生一样。
I still remember,even though it was so long ago.
尽管那是很久以前的事,但是我依然记得。
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活学活用
语法填空
(1)—May I open the window to let in some fresh air?
—Go .?
(2) he is poor,she loves him.?
(3)She talks to me she were my mother.?
ahead
Even though/Even if
as if/as though
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6.Without pausing we jumped into the boat with the other whalers and headed out into the bay.
我们一刻不停地和其他捕鲸人都跳进渔船,朝海湾方向驶去。
考点一 pause vi.&n.暂停;中止
Without a pause the woman spoke for an hour.
那位妇女一刻不停地讲了一个小时。
After the boy paused for a while,he continued running.
男孩稍停了停,然后继续跑。
After a short pause for some water,they continued to walk ahead.
稍微停了停喝了点水之后,他们继续朝前走。
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考点二 head vi.朝……方向移动;出发;动身;驶往……
They are heading home,hand in hand.
他们手拉着手正朝家走去。
They are heading for New York with confidence.
他们满怀信心地朝纽约的方向进发。
I have a long way to go before dark so I’m going to head out.
天黑前我还有很远的路要走,我得上路了。
【高考典句】My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend.
我和我的孩子们在周末出发去超市。
归纳:head for 向(某处)行进
head out 离去;启程
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活学活用
完成句子
(1)During the football match,the coach (要求暂停) and tried to cheer his players up.?
(2)While walking in the street,we saw a car (向我们驶来),so we stepped aside.?
asked for a pause
heading for us
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7.“Well,it’s teamwork—the killers over there are throwing themselves on top of the whale’s blow-hole to stop it breathing.And those others are stopping it diving or fleeing out to sea,” George told me,pointing towards the hunt.
“啊,它们在协同作战呢——那些虎鲸正往鲸的出气孔上扑去,不让它呼吸,而其他虎鲸则阻止它潜水或逃跑。”乔治一边指着捕猎的情景,一边告诉我。
剖析to stop it breathing是动词不定式短语做目的状语。
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考点一flee (fled,fled)vt.逃离 vi.逃避;逃跑
He had to flee his native village to join the army.
他被迫逃离故乡参了军。
Citizens were forced to flee the city destroyed by the earthquake.
居民们被迫逃离这座被地震毁坏了的城市。
The customers fled from the bank when the alarm sounded.
警铃响起,顾客们纷纷从银行逃走。
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阅读下列句子,体会黑体部分的意义:
①He ran away from home at the age of sixteen.
他十六岁那年从家里跑了出来。
意义:逃离,离开
②The prisoner escaped from the prison.
犯人从监狱逃走了。
意义:逃跑
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考点二stop sb (from) doing sth阻止某人做某事
I stopped her (from) telling it to her friends.
我阻止她把那件事告诉她朋友。
辨析stop ...from doing;protect ...from doing...和keep...from doing:
①stop ...from doing ...与keep... from doing 都指“阻止……做……”
②protect ...from doing ...指“保护……免受……的危害”
His advice stopped me from making a serious mistake.
他的忠告使我没犯严重的错误。
He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.
他戴太阳镜保护眼睛免受强光的伤害。
Her sudden arrival kept him from going out.
她的突然到来使他不能外出。
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活学活用
选词填空(flee/escape)
(1)When the war began,the people had to the country.?
(2)A lion from its cage.?
(3)You are lucky to being punished.?
完成句子
(4)I’ll water them to_______________________________________
(防止土壤变得太干).?
(5)Please take all the clothes into the shelter over there so as to
(免遭雨淋).?
flee
has escaped
escape
prevent/stop/keep the soil from getting too dry
protect them from the rain
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8. ...its body was dragged swiftly by the killers down into the depths of the sea.
……它的尸体被虎鲸们迅速拖到深海里去了。
考点一drag vt.拖;拉;扯
He dragged the table into the corner.他把桌子拖到角落里。
She dragged her child (out) to the dentist’s.
她强拉着孩子到牙科诊所。
【高考典句】Then they would have dragged them along paths.
接着他们会沿道路拖动他们。
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阅读下列句子,体会drag与draw的区别
①My father dragged a heavy box out of a cupboard.
我爸爸把一个沉重的箱子从橱子里拖了出来。
②Please draw the curtain across the window.请把窗帘拉上。
归纳:drag指用力把某物拖向某地,所拖拉之物一般比较重。
draw指用一定的力使物体向施动者方向移动,有一定的方向性,拖拉之物一般不是很重,拖拉动作显得比较从容。
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考点二depth n.深(度);深处
The pond is no more than a metre in depth.
这个池塘最多1米深。
These creatures live in the depth of the ocean.
这些生物生活在海洋深处。
deep(adj.)→depth( n.)→deepen( v.)
high(adj.)→height( n.)→heighten( v.)
wide(adj.)→width( n.)→widen( v.)
long(adj.)→length( n.)→lengthen( v.)
strong(adj.)→strength( n.)→strengthen( v.)
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活学活用
翻译句子
(1)警察们从路当中拖开沉重的卡车。
(2)谁也不知道她对这孩子的爱有多深。
The policemen dragged the heavy truck out of the way.
Nobody knew the depth of her love for the child.
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9.“Man overboard!Turn the boat around!” urged George,shouting loudly.
乔治催促着,大声喊道:“有人落水了!把船头调回去!”
剖析shouting loudly 是动词-ing短语做伴随状语。
考点urge vt. 催促;极力主张
【高考典句】Parents should actively urge their children to take advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.
父母应该积极激励孩子们把握住加入运动队的机会。
She urged that I (should) apologize to him.
她主张我应该向他道歉。
归纳 urge sb to do sth极力主张某人做某事
urge that ...(should) do ...主张……(应该)做……
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活学活用
完成句子
(1)He urged that she (学习物理学) but she didn’t listen to him.?
(2)She urges me (采取措施) in the matter.?
(should)study physics
to take steps/measures
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10.From James’s face,I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us.
从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出他非常恐慌,生怕被我们遗弃。
考点abandon vt. 放弃;遗弃;抛弃
People criticized him for he abandoned his wife when he became famous.
当他出名时他抛弃了妻子,因而他遭到了人们的指责。
His family depended on his salary but he had to abandon his job because of his illness.
他全家都依靠他的工资生活,但由于生病,他不得不放弃这份工作。
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(1)阅读下列句子,体会abandoned的词性及含义
①The poor boy is an abandoned child.
这个可怜的男孩是个弃儿。
词性 形容词 含义 被抛弃的
②【高考典句】He owned a farm,which looked almost abandoned.
他拥有一个农场,这个农场看起来都快废弃了。
词性 形容词 含义 废弃的,被遗弃的
(2)abandon oneself to 沉溺于
Don’t abandon yourself to this kind of computer games.
不要让自己沉溺于这种电脑游戏中。
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活学活用
翻译句子
(1)我们只好弃车,步行赶剩下的路。
(2)许多人被遗留下来的化学武器杀死了。
语法填空
(3)Walking in the forest,he felt (abandon) by the world.?
(4) (abandon) the plan means we must start from the very beginning.?
(5)Many young people abandon themselves drugs.?
答案:We had to abandon the car and walked the rest of the way.
答案:Many people were killed by the chemical weapons abandoned.
abandoned
Abandoning
to
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11.What evidence was there that Old Tom was helping the whalers out?
有什么证据证明老汤姆帮助捕鲸者摆脱困境?
考点help sb out帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难
Jenny is helping me out by looking after the baby.
珍妮帮我照看婴儿。
He has already helped me out.他早已帮我摆脱了困境。
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(1)help yourself/sb to sth为自己/某人取用某东西;请随便用
Help yourself to more fruit.请再多吃点水果。
cannot help doing sth忍不住做某事;情不自禁地做某事
I can’t help thinking he’s still alive.
我不由得在想他还活着。
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(2)阅读下列句子,体会黑体部分的意义
①Please find out the reason for the train’s delay.
请查明火车晚点的原因。
意义 查明,弄清楚
②Who can help me figure out my income tax?
谁能帮我算出我的个人所得税?
意义 算出
③I worked out the problem at last.最后我解出了那道题。
意义 算出,解出
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活学活用
语法填空
(1)I can’t lift this box.Will you help me ??
(2)He knows nothing about it,so he can’t help (do) any of your work.?
(3)While shopping,people sometimes can’t help________________
(persuade) into buying something they don’t really need.?
(4)We couldn’t help (laugh) when we heard the funny story.?
out
(to) do
being persuaded
laughing
(共47张PPT)
Section Ⅱ— Learning about Language,Using
Language,Summing Up & Learning Tip
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一、把A栏中的单词和B栏中的英文释义搭配起来
A B
1.Target a.to think carefully about sth;(of a surface) throw back light,heat and sound
2.narrow b.of little depth,not deep
3.reflect c.not mixed with any other substance;clean
4.aware d.tidy;in good order
5.tasty e.knowing or realizing sth
6.scare f.sth to be aimed at in shooting practice
7.shallow g.not wide;small or limited
8.pure h.a line that marks a limit;a dividing line
9.neat i.to frighten;to become frightened
10.boundary j.delicious,having a pleasant flavour
答案:1.f 2.g 3.a 4.e 5.j 6.i 7.b 8.c 9.d 10.h
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二、短语填空
1.throw 扔掉?
2.be trapped 被困于……;陷入……?
3.reflect 思考;回忆?
4.be/become aware 对……知道、明白;意识到……?
5.upside 上下翻转?
6.get close 靠近;接近?
7. behind some coral从某些珊瑚后面?
8.(be)scared death 吓死了?
9.complain 向……投诉?
10.feel unsatisfied 对……感到不满?
away
in
on
of
down
to
from
to
to
with
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三、阅读课文A NEW DIMENSION OF LIFE,判断下列句子的正(T)误(F)
1.The corals were fantastic—they were shaped like various things,such as fans,plates,mushrooms and so on.( )
2.The fish seemed to welcome the author’s swimming among them.( )
3.There were some big fish that cleaned the bodies of smaller fish.( )
4.The author liked to get close to eels with strong sharp teeth.( )
5.Although the sharks were not dangerous,the author still felt scared to death for a moment.( )
6.Compared to the ocean,a human being is nothing but a tiny spot.( )
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1.First,not only target fish are caught in the net,but many other sea animals are found hanging there.
首先,不但目标鱼被网捉住,而且许多在那里的其他被发现的海洋动物也被网住。
考点target n.目标;靶;受批评的对象
I aimed at the target but hit the wall.
我瞄准了靶子射击,但却打在了墙上。
This company,with its poor environmental record,is an easy target for blame.
这家公司由于不良的环境保护记录而常常遭受诟病。
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target vt.把……当作批评对象;以……为攻击目标
aim的相关短语:
aim at the target瞄准目标
hit/miss the target中/脱靶
target sth on/at把……对准
The programme is targeted at improving the health of women of all ages.
该项目旨在改善各年龄段妇女的健康状况。
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活学活用
完成句子
(1)His fatal mistake (成了攻击的目标),for which his team lost the chance to reach the last 16 in the World Cup.?
(2)The campaign is clearly (针对年轻人).?
became the target
targeted at/on the young
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2.I’m sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day — a day of pure magic!
我坐在温暖的夜空下,手拿一杯冷饮,回忆着当天的事情——这是神奇的一天!
考点一reflect vi.思考 vt.映射;反射;思考
She needs time to reflect on/upon your offer.
她需要时间来考虑你的建议。
His face was reflected in the mirror.
他的脸映在镜子里。
【高考典句】This is reflected in an up-to-date dictionary.
这个反映在最新的词典上。
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【高考典句】When the time came to make the final decision for a course,I decided to apply for the one that reflected my interest.
当必须最后决定选择一门课程的时候,我决定申请能反映我兴趣的那门课。
On the way home he reflected that the interview had gone well.
回家的路上,他琢磨着这次面试非常顺利。
归纳 reflect作为不及物动词,意为“思考”,常与介词on/upon 连用。
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阅读下列句子,体会reflection的含义
①The deer gazed at its reflection in the forest pool.
那只鹿凝视着它倒映在森林池塘中的影子。
含义:映像,倒影
②On/Upon reflection,we decided to buy that house.
经过慎重考虑,我们决定买下那所房子。
含义:思考,考虑
③I accepted it without reflection.
我不假思索就答应了。
含义:思考
归纳:on/upon reflection 经过再三考虑
without reflection不假思索
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考点二pure adj.纯的;纯粹的;纯洁的
pure water/white/English/gold
纯净水/纯白/纯正英语/纯金
【高考典句】I was in a place of pure happiness.
我在一个纯粹开心的地方。
They met by pure accident.
他们的相见纯属偶然。
He helped you out of pure kindness.
他帮助你完全是出于好意。
She has a pure mind.
她思想纯洁。
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活学活用
语法填空
(1)The hills are reflected the water.?
(2)After reflecting the problem,he decided not to go.?
(3)He answered my question reflection.?
(4)At first,I thought her ideas were crazy,but reflection,I realized there was some truth in what she said.?
in
on/upon
without
on/upon
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3.The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding me—purples,reds,oranges,yellows,blues and greens.
我首先注意到的是我周围那些鲜艳的色彩——紫色、红色、橘色、明黄、蓝色和绿色。
剖析 surrounding me做定语,相当于一个定语从句that surrounded me。
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考点aware adj.意识到的;知道的
The headmaster didn’t seem to be aware that there should have been so much dispute about the decision.
校长似乎没有意识到这个决定竟会有这么多争端。
【高考典句】Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence.
护士和其他照顾者必须知道沉默可能意味着什么。
As far as I’m aware,nobody has done anything about it.
据我所知,尚无人对此采取任何措施。
【高考典句】If she had been aware that the mushrooms were poisonous,she would not have picked them for dinner.
要是知道这些蘑菇有毒,她就不会采来做晚餐了。
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归纳:aware常用于以下结构:
be aware +that从句,“意识到……”。
be aware of + 名词/代词,“意识到……”。
as far as I’m aware意为“据我所知”。
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阅读下列句子,体会awareness的含义
①Much forest has been cut down for lack of environmental awareness in the past few years.
在过去的几年里由于缺乏环保意识,大片森林被砍伐。
含义:意识
②People gradually develop an awareness of the importance of education.
人们逐渐意识到教育的重要性。
含义:意识
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活学活用
单句改错
(1)Do you aware that your son is having difficulties at school?
(2)Most smokers are perfectly aware for the dangers of smoking.
语法填空
(3)The public (aware) of the environmental problem will make the government take it seriously.?
Do→Are
for→of
awareness
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4.The fish didn’t seem to mind me swimming among them.
这些鱼似乎并不介意我在它们中间游泳。
剖析 本句中me swimming among them做动词mind的宾语。在这里通常把me swimming称作动词-ing短语的复合结构,人称代词宾格也可以被相应的形容词性物主代词代替。此处me可以改为my。
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考点seem vi.看起来像是;似乎;好像
【高考典句】Several passengers seemed to appreciate what I did.几位乘客看上去很感激我所做的。
He seems to know about that.
= It seems that he knows about that.他好像知道那件事。
It seemed to him that he would never be able to work out the question for good.
在他看来他好像永远无法解决这个问题。
It seems as if/as though he has been at the scene of the crime.
看样子他好像曾在犯罪现场。
归纳 句型seem to do可与It seems (to sb) that...句型进行转换。
It seems后还可以跟as if/as though引导的表语从句,意为“看样子似乎是……”。
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活学活用
完成句子
(1)看来有好多人失业。
that there are a good many people out of work.?
(2)这孩子似乎缺乏克服困难的勇气。
The child the courage to overcome the difficulties.?
语法填空
(3)Would you mind my (open)the window??
It seems
seems to lack
opening
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5.I especially loved the little orange and white fish that hid in the waving long thin seaweed.
我特别喜欢那些橘黄和白色相间的小鱼,它们藏在波动着的细长的海草里。
剖析that引导定语从句,修饰fish。
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考点 多个形容词修饰一个名词的顺序:
Ten strong young Chinese students are required to take part in the boat race.
要求十名年轻体壮的中国学生参加划船比赛。
There are some beautiful little red flowers on top of the mountain.
山顶上有一些美丽的小红花。
The little white wooden house looks as if it hasn’t been lived in for years.
这间白色的小木屋看起来好些年没人住了。
归纳:多个形容词修饰一个名词,其顺序为“限定词→数词→描绘词(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色)→出处→材料性质→类别→名词”。
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活学活用
完成句子
(1)I have (另外三本英语书),so I can give this one to you.?
(2)We spent (最后那几天晴朗的日子)at the seaside.?
(3)There is (一座很窄的木桥) over the river.?
(4)He is studying in (一所著名的德国医疗学校).?
(5)It was (一辆昂贵的日本汽车).?
another three English books
the last few sunny days
a narrow wooden bridge
a famous German medical school
an expensive Japanese car
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6.It seemed there was a surprise waiting for me around every corner as I explored small caves,shelves and narrow passages with my underwater flashlight:the yellow and green parrotfish was hanging upside down,and sucking tiny plants off the coral with its hard bird-like mouth;a yellow-spotted red sea-slug was sliding by a blue sea-star;a large wise-looking turtle was passing so close to me that I could have touched it.
当我用水下探照灯在小石洞、暗礁和狭窄通道之间探索时,似乎每个角落都有令我惊奇的东西等待着我:黄绿相间的鹦嘴鱼倒挂着,用鸟儿一样的硬嘴去吸吮珊瑚上的微小植物;一条带着黄斑点的红色海蛞蝓从一个蓝色的海星旁边滑行过去;一只长相聪慧的大海龟紧贴着我的身旁而过,伸手便可触及。
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考点一 narrow adj.狭窄的;有限的;狭隘的
On May Day,many tourists enjoy walking along the narrow paths on the hill.
五一节这天,很多游客喜欢沿着山上狭窄的小路行走。
In a narrow sense,she did her best in the exam.
勉强来说,她在考试中尽了全力。
She has a very narrow view of the world and she always thinks herself the best.
她对世界的认识非常狭隘;她总是认为自己最棒。
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(1)narrow还可表示“勉强的;几乎未成的”。
The children have a narrow escape in the earthquake.
这些孩子在地震中幸免于难。
(2)narrowly adv.勉强地;狭隘地
He narrowly escaped being killed in the accident.
在那次车祸中他差点被撞死。
考点二upside down 上下翻转
He turned his wallet upside down and only found six dollars.
他把钱包翻了个底朝天,只找到6美元。
Monkeys like to hang upside down from a tree.
猴子喜欢倒挂在树上。
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活学活用
翻译短语
(1)a narrow escape ?
(2)a narrow victory ?
(3)a narrow majority ?
(4)a narrow defeat ?
(5)narrow-minded ?
(6)in a narrow sense ?
九死一生
险胜
微弱多数
勉强打败
心胸狭窄的
在狭义上
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翻译句子
(7)这条街太窄,卡车无法通行。
(8)他只有狭小的朋友圈,因此,经常感到孤独。
(9)不要把那个盒子倒着拿。
The street is too narrow for a truck to pass.
He has a narrow circle of friends so he often feels lonely.
Don’t hold the box upside down.
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7.There were other creatures that I didn’t want to get too close to —an eel with its strong sharp teeth,with only its head showing from a hole,watching for a tasty fish (or my tasty toe!);and the giant clam half buried in some coral waiting for something to swim in between its thick green lips.
还有一些其他的动物,我不想太靠近它们——一条带有利齿的海鳗,从洞穴里探出头来,望着可作美餐的鱼过来(或者在等着我的美味脚趾伸过去!);那个巨大的蛤蜊半掩在珊瑚礁中,等待着有什么东西游过来,游到它宽厚的绿嘴唇中去。
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考点一sharp adj.锐利的;锋利的;敏捷的;剧烈的;刻薄的
It’s dangerous for a child to hold a sharp knife.
孩子手拿锋利的刀子是很危险的。
She has got a sharp mind and a sharp tongue.
她脑子敏捷,口齿伶俐。
He made a sharp turn to the right.他向右急转弯。
His sharp words seemed to hurt her.
他那些尖酸的话似乎伤害了她。
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考点二with + 复合结构
Don’t stand with your hands in your pockets.
站着的时候别把双手插在口袋里。
She likes to sleep with the window open.
她爱开着窗户睡觉。
We lived in a village with a river around.
我们住在一个小村子里,村外有条小河流过。
They marched towards the village with a boy leading.
在一个男孩的带领下,他们朝那个村子走去。
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With all the things bought,she went home happily.
买完需要的全部东西后,她高兴地回家了。
With nothing to do,he went out for a walk.
由于没有什么事要做,他便到外边去散步。
归纳 “with+复合结构”表示动作或伴随情况,在句中一般做定语或状语。它的构成形式为“with+名词+介词短语/形容词/副词/动词-ing短语/动词-ed短语/动词不定式短语”。
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活学活用
语法填空
(1)Prices are dropping (sharp).?
(2)—Come on.Please give me some ideas about the project.
—Sorry.With so much work (fill) my mind,I almost break down.?
(3)The film star appeared in the entrance to the hall,with two bodyguards (surround) her.?
(4)With so much work (do),he has no time to feel sorry for himself.?
(5)He left with the work (finish).?
sharply
filling
surrounding
to do
unfinished/finished
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8.I told myself they weren’t dangerous but that didn’t stop me from feeling scared to death for a moment!
我自言自语地说它们并不危险,但这一点也不能抑制我那怕得要死的心情!
考点scared adj.害怕的,恐惧的,担心的
【高考典句】Tony was scared and began to cry.
托尼害怕地哭了起来。
【高考典句】It was a fun thing but I was scared from the start.
这是一件有趣的事情,但我从一开始就很害怕。
People are scared to take the buses late at night.
人们害怕在深夜乘坐公共汽车。
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He is scared of heights.
他有恐高症。
I’m scared (that) I’m going to fall.
我担心自己快掉下去了。
归纳 be scared to death吓得要死
be scared to do sth害怕做某事
be scared of sth/sb害怕某事/某人
be scared (that)...害怕……;担心……
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阅读下列句子,体会scare的词性及含义
①It scared me to think I was alone in the building.
想到楼里只有我一个人,挺害怕的。
词性:及物动词 含义:使……害怕
②They managed to scare the bears away.
他们设法把熊吓跑了。
词性:及物动词 含义:恐吓
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③Local businesses were scared into paying protection money.
当地商家迫于威胁缴纳了保护费。
词性:及物动词 含义:威胁
④My horse scares easily.
我的马容易受惊。
词性:不及物动词 含义:受惊吓
归纳:scare sb away 把某人吓跑
scare sb into doing sth恐吓某人做某事
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语法填空
(3)Some parents usually scare their children learning English hard.?
(4)The scarecrows in the field are used to scare the birds .?
(5)He is scared darkness.?
into
away
of
活学活用
单句改错
(1)The little girl was scaring to death when she was left alone at night.
(2)I’m sorry to scared you by calling you suddenly.
scaring→scared
scared前加have
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9.The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended,there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.
水很浅,但到了珊瑚礁的尽头,就有一个陡坡,一直下降到满是沙子的海底。
考点 本句中有一个非常重要的句型,即where...,there be...表示“在有……的地方,就有……”。
Where the road exists,there are human beings.
有路的地方,就有人存在。
Where there is a will,there is a way.
有志者事竟成。
归纳 where引导地点状语从句,意为“在……的地方”。
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完成句子
(1) (哪里有困难),there are ways to get over them.Hold on!?
(2) (在有水的地方),there is life.?
Where there are difficulties
Where there is water
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10.Grammar 动词-ing形式的被动语态
考点一 动词-ing形式的被动语态
当动词-ing形式所表示的动作是一个被动动作时,要用动词-ing 形式的被动语态。包括其一般形式(not) being done和完成形式(not) having been done。
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考点二动词-ing形式的被动语态的规则
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活学活用
语法填空
(1)Yet instead of____________________
(discourage) by my slow progress,I was excited.?
(2) (ask) to work overtime that evening,I missed a wonderful film.?
(3) (tell) many times,he finally understood it.?
(4)I still remember (take) to the Ernest Hemingway House and what I saw there.?
(5) (take)to the hospital many times,the little boy couldn’t bear any more.?
being discouraged
Having been asked
Having been told
being taken
Having been taken
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(6)I can’t bear (laugh) at by them.?
(7) (expose) to the sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.?
(8)More expressways in Sichuan
(build)soon to promote the local economy.?
(9) (not tell) when the play started,he came late to the theatre and missed the first scene.?
(10) (show) around the laboratory,we were taken to the playground.?
being laughed
Being exposed
will be built
Not having been told
Having been shown
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完成句子
(11)Do you still remember (被带到国外)??
(12) (被打败) in the match made him sad.?
(13) (已被告知多次),he still repeated the same mistake.?
(14)He asked who was the man (正在接受手术).?
(15)As we approached the village we saw new houses (正在盖).?
being taken abroad
Being defeated
Having been told many times
being operated on
being built
(共7张PPT)
Section Ⅲ— Writing
如何写投诉信
投诉信是对产品或服务表达不满的信件。常见的表达责备、抱怨和要求赔偿类的写作形式都为投诉信。此类写作内容要明确具体,事实要条理清楚,但要避免使用过激或者使对方难堪的措辞。写作时要开门见山地列出对什么不满、为什么不满,最后提出解决的办法。
投诉信一般分为三个部分:
开头段:提出投诉内容。说明与收件人的相关性,点出写作的意图。
主体段:说明具体情况。说明投诉的原因,既可以讲具体理由,也可以谈问题的具体体现方式。
结束段:提出解决办法。表达希望上述问题得到尽快解决的强烈愿望,希望尽快得到满意的答复并对有关人员做出的努力表示感谢。
1.I am writing to you to complain about...
2.I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with...
3.I hope that you will consider my suggestions and improve the situation as best as you can.
4.We hope that you will now consider this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this kind.
5.I hope you can give me a satisfying reply and deal with this matter reasonably.
6.I must warn you that unless you do something about the situation,I will be forced to take legal action.
假设你是张华,你购买了一部某外国公司生产的手机,因有质量问题,要求该公司更换。请根据下列要点,用英文写一封电子邮件。
要点:1.问题:手机不响铃,不能发短信;该产品已售完,无法更换;型号新,无配件,无法维修。
2.要求:公司应尽快予以更换。
注意:1.词数为100左右;
2.参考词汇:配件spare part;
3.电子邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好(不计入总词数)。
Dear Sir,
I am writing to you for the mobile phone of Dephone-S250 I bought on 20th April at Tele Mall in Wuhan,China.
? ?
? ?
Thank you for your consideration.
Yours sincerely,
Zhang Hua
参考范文
Dear Sir,?
I am writing to you for the mobile phone of Dephone-S250 I bought on 20th April at Tele Mall in Wuhan,China.Ten days after that,it could neither ring nor send short messages.Then I took it to the seller, but was told that the model had been sold out and I had to wait at least three months for a new one.Later I went to the service center.The man there said since it was a new model in China,it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.I was so desperate on hearing that.How can I wait that long?Therefore, I require that you send me a new one of the same model within a month.I hope that you’ll deal with the matter as soon as possible.Otherwise, I’ll be forced to take legal action.?
Thank you for your consideration.?
Yours sincerely,?
Zhang Hua?
(共8张PPT)
单元重点小结
1. adj. 每年的;按年度计算的 n. 年刊;年鉴?
2. vt. 当场见到;目击 n. 目击者;证人;证据?
3. n. 住所;住宿?
4.shore n. 岸;海滨→ adv.&adj. 近海(的);离岸(的)?
5. prep. 在……对面 adj. 相对的,相反的?
6. vi.&n. 暂停;中止?
7. vi. 逃避;逃跑 vt. 逃离?
8. vt. 拖;拉;扯?
9.deep adj. 深的→ n. 深(度);深处?
10.urge vt. 催促;极力主张;驱策→ adj. 紧急的;急迫的→ n. 紧急;急迫?
annual
witness
accommodation
offshore
opposite
pause
flee
drag
depth
urgent
urgency
11. vt. 放弃;遗弃;抛弃?
12. n. 保存;保护?
13. n. 目标;靶;受批评的对象?
14.reflect vi. 思考 vt. 映射;反射;思考→ n. 思考;反射?
15. adj. 纯的;纯粹的;纯洁的?
16. adj. 意识到的;知道的?
17. adj. 狭窄的;有限的;狭隘的?
18. adj. 锐利的;锋利的;敏捷的?
19. vt. 恐吓 vi. 受惊吓?
20. adj. 浅的;肤浅的;浅显的?
21. n. 界限;分界线?
22. n. 养老金;退休金?
abandon
conservation
target
reflection
pure
aware
narrow
sharp
scare
shallow
boundary
pension
1. 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难?
2. 对……知道、明白;意识到……?
3. 上下翻转?
4. 吓死了?
5. 及时?
6. 思考;沉思?
help(...) out
be/become aware of
pside down
(be) scared to death
in time
reflect on
1.We ran down to the shore an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again.?
我们及时赶到岸边,看到对面有一个庞大的动物猛力跃出水面,然后又坠落到水里。
2.I looked down into the water and could see Old Tom by the boat, us the way.?
我向下面水中望去,可以看到老汤姆在船边游着,给我们引路。
in time to see
swimming
showing
3. over half an hour to get the boat back to James,and when we approached him,I saw James being firmly held up in the water by Old Tom.?
我们花了半个多小时才把船调转过来,回到詹姆斯落水的地方。当我们靠近他的时候,我看到老汤姆正在水中稳稳地托着詹姆斯。
4. a wonderful,limitless world it was down there!?
这个水底世界是多么美妙,多么漫无边际啊!
It took
What
复习被动语态(二),包括动词-ing形式的被动式[Revise the Passive Voice(Ⅱ)(including the -ing form)]
1.George didn’t like (keep) waiting.?
2.I could see a whale (attack) by a pack of about six other killers.?
3. (badly wounded),the whale soon died.?
4.I could see he was terrified of (abandon) by us.?
being kept
being attacked
Being badly wounded
being abandoned
责备与抱怨(Blame and complaint)
I’m sorry but... I’m afraid... That’s not good enough.
I’m feeling annoyed with/unhappy about/unsatisfied with...
I’m not happy about/satisfied with...
I’d like to talk to the manager.
I’d like a (full) refund,please.
That’s no good for me.
You should do something about it.
