Module 6 Eating together 词句精讲精练（含答案）

Module 6 Eating together
词句精讲精练

词汇精讲
1．invite
invite是及物动词，意为“邀请”，常用于下列结构：
（1）invite sb. 邀请某人 例如：
Do you invite the friends in Beijing? 你邀请北京的朋友了吗？
（2）invite sb. to some place邀请某人去某地 例如：
Why don’t you invite them to our school? 为什么不邀请他们来我们学校？
（3）invite sb. to dinner邀请某人吃饭 例如：
Li Lin often invites me to dinner. 李林经常邀请我吃饭。
（4）invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 例如：
We invited our parents to come to our party. 我们邀请我们的父母来参加聚会。
2. mean
mean是动词，有如下用法：
(1) 表示“意思是，指的是”，后接名词、动词不定式或句子。例如：
The red light means “stop”. 红灯意思是“停止”。
Do you mean that I am too heavy? 你的意思是我太胖了？
(2)表示“打算，意欲”，后面常接不定式。例如：
He means to do it well. 他打算把这件事做好。
(3) 表示“意味着……”，后面常接动名词作宾语。例如：
Missing the train means waiting for another one hour.
赶不上这列火车意味着再等一小时。
(4) What does…mean? = What’s the meaning of…?
= What do you mean by…?意为“……是什么意思？”
3. serve
serve 有“服侍，侍候，招待”等意思，常用于以下结构中：
(1) serve＋宾语 例如：
They were busy serving the day’s last buyers.
他们正忙着接待这天的最后一批顾客。
(2) serve sb. sth.或serve sth. to sb. 例如：
Mrs. Turner served us a very good dinner.＝Mrs. Turner served a very good dinner to us.
特纳太太招待我们吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐。
(3) serve sb. with sth. 例如：
We served them with beer and wine. 我们用啤酒和红酒招待他们。
【拓展】
serve的名词是service，意为“服务，效劳”。 例如：
He died in the service of his country. 他为国捐躯。
There is a good bus service into the city.
往市内的公共汽车十分方便。
4. hold
hold 是动词，意为“举行，举办，召开”，常可以用have来替换，过去式和过去分词均为held。例如：
hold a meeting举行会议
hold a concert举行音乐会
hold a sports meeting举行运动会
【拓展】hold的其他含义：
hold
保持；维持
How long will this fine weather hold?
这样的好天气能维持多久？
抓住；握住；拿住
He held the thief by the arm.
他抓住那个小偷的胳膊。
容纳；包含
Our classroom can hold more than fifty students.
教室能容纳50多个学生。
支撑……的重量
The chair can’t hold your weight.
这把椅子不能承受你的重量。
短语
Catc catch hold of抓住； hold on（电话）别挂断；稍等
5. be used for
be used for 意思是“被用来做某事”，for是介词，它的后面用名词或者动名词作宾语。例如：
Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用来切割东西的。
【拓展】use构成的其他的短语有：
be used as意思是“被作为……使用”，as是介词，意思是“作为”，它强调被当作工具或者手段来使用。
例如：
　Our classroom is used as a reading-room.
我们的教室被用来当阅览室使用。
(2)be used by意思是“被……使用”，by后面跟人或者物，表示强调动作的使用者。例如：
　 This radio is often used by my mother.
这台收音机经常被我的妈妈使用。
(3)be used to do something意思是“被用来做某事”，和be used for doing是同义词短语。例如：
It is used for learning English.＝It is used to learn English. 它被用来学习英语的。
(4) be used to doing something的意思是“习惯于做某事”。 例如：
　 My father is used to living in the village. 我的爸爸习惯于住在乡村。
6. however
however意为“然而”，不能直接连接两个分句，必须另起新句，并用逗号隔开。例如：
It was raining hard. However, we went out to look for the boy.
雨下得很大，不过我们还是出去寻找那个孩子。
【拓展】
（1）but是并列连词，连接两个并列分句，后面不用逗号，前后句在总的意义上构成了对比。例如：
I really don’t like cheese, but I will try just a little this time.
我实在是不喜欢吃奶酪，但是这次我要尝一点。
（2）however比but用的场合更正式, 因此however用于书面语,而but 常用于口语。另外, however的意思还不只局限于“但是;然而”，它还有其他的用法。例如：
However hard I worked, she was never satisfied.
无论我多么努力地工作，她从来没满意过。
However did you get here without a car?
没有汽车你究竟是怎样来的呢?
7. offer
offer是动词，意为“拿出，提供；（主动）提出要做某事”。常用于“offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb.向某人提供某物”和“offer to do sth.主动去做某事”这两种结构。例如：
I offered him a lot of food. 我给他许多食物。
He offered to take her to the cinema. 他提出带她去看电影。
【拓展】
offer的同义词为provide，常用结构是provide sb. with sth. 和provide sth. for sb. 意为“向某人提供某物”。例如：
Somehow she managed to provide her children with food and clothing.
她总设法使她的孩子有饭吃，有衣穿。
8. similar
similar作形容词，意为“相似的”。be similar to…意为“与……相似，接近”，一般用在相近似的物品和情境的对比上。例如：
　 His problem is similar to yours. 他的问题和你的相似。
　　I guess it may be similar to the Hindu culture. 我猜想，这可能接近于印度文化。
　【拓展】
　（1）look like意为“看起来像……” 。应用范围最广，除了描述人、物之外，也能抽象表达事件或现象。例如：
　　 He looks like a famous movie star. 他看起来像一个电影明星。
　　 It looks like it’s going to rain soon. 天看起来要下雨。
　（2）take after 最常见的是用在有血缘关系的亲子之间，外貌用的最多，也能够用在性格脾气这些内在特质上。例如：
　　She took after her mother almost in everything. 她几乎与她母亲一模一样。
　　Adam was my grandfather and I took after him. 亚当是我的祖父，我和他很相像。
词汇精练
I. 英汉互译。
1. 事实上_____________________ 2. be used for _____________________
3. hold a sports meeting_____________________ 4. 入乡随俗_____________________
5. 例如_____________________ 6. school-leavers’ party_____________________
7. too much food _____________________ 8. 主动去做某事_____________________
9.heat up ____________ 10. 请自便 _______________
II. 根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成单词。
1．Dumpling are Chinese t_________ food.
2. The soup t_________ sweet. Would you like some?
3.Thanks for your i________. I’m sure to attend your birthday party.
4. I’ve heard that the o________ of the supermarket is a young man.
5. K_______ are used for cutting things.
6.The old _________(谚语)“the early bird gets the worm”is my favorite.
7. Winter is o_____________. Spring is coming.
8. She _________(提供) him a lift and he accepted（it).
9. Here’s some a_____________ for you about learning English.
10. Dinner is ________(服务，提供) around 7pm or even later.
III. 用所给单词的适当形式填空（注意被动语态的正确使用）。
1. This book can _____________(use) as a textbook.
2. These beds _____________(make) of wood.
3. English _____________(speak) in Canada.
4. The old man was quite weak after the accident, so he must _____________(look) after.
5. They know salt _____________(produce) in many places.
6. My homework _____________(finish) in two hours.
7. We don’t know when the school _____________(found).
8. The trees _____________(not water) last week.
IV. 听力链接。
(2019 上海中考)
Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences.（听短文，完成下列内容。每空格限填一词。）1. Maria and Lucy used to __________ __________ together, shopping and meeting friends.
2. It takes Lucy all her time to send messages and she doesn’t __________ __________.
3. Lucy checks for messages __________ __________, so she’s got problems at school.
4. By __________ __________ in the morning, Victor had already drunk three cans of cola.
5. When Damon tried to talk to his brother, the brother was __________ __________ him.
参考答案
I. 英汉互译。
1. in fact 2. 被用来做某事 3. 举行运动会 4. When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
5. such as/for example 6.毕业晚会 7. 太多的食物 8. offer to do sth.
9.给……加热 10. help yourself
II. 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。
1. traditional 2. tastes 3. invitation 4. owner 5. knives
6. saying 7. over 8. offered 9. advice 10. served
III. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. be used 2. are made 3. is spoken 4. be looked 5. is produced
6. will be finished 7. was founded 8. weren’t watered
IV. 听力链接。
答案：
1. have fun 2. work hard 3. in class 4. 11 o’clock 5. angry with
原文：
Do?you?have?a?problem??Are?you?worried?about?a?friend??Call?us?for?help.
(The telephone is ringing.)
Hello, my name is Maria. I’m having some problems with my best friend, Lucy. She’s completely changed since her birthday. Her mum gave her a mobile phone. We used to have fun together, shopping and meeting friends. Now she spends all her time sending messages on her phone, and she doesn’t work hard. She hasn’t been out with us for weeks, and she is not interested in doing anything. And she’s had problems in school, because she checks for messages in class. What should I do?
(The telephone is ringing again.)
Hi, I’m Damon. I’m worried about my brother, Victor. He eats a lot of junk food. He’s already eaten three hamburgers and two packs of French fries today. And it’s only 11 o’clock in the morning, and he has drunken three cans of Cola. Last night, he told our mum he wasn’t hungry, but he went to the shop and bought chocolate. He always loses his temper easily. I tried to talk to him about it, but he got angry with me. In fact, he hasn’t spoken to me at all this week. My parents haven’t noticed yet. Should I say something to them?
句式精讲
1. “When in Rome, do as the Romans do. ”
“When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” 是省略句，意为“入乡随俗”。完整形式为：When（you are) in Rome, do as the Romans do.
when in Rome是when引导的时间状语从句，省略了you are，do as the Romans do是由实义动词do引导的祈使句。as the Romans do为as引导的方式状语从句，do是状语从句的谓语。as的意思是“像，按照”。
【拓展】
like也有“像”的意思，as和like有如下区别：
like 作介词时，其意是“像，如同”，其后需接名词、动名词或代词等。如果该名词或代词后还要用动词才能表达某一完整的意思，那就用as，此处的as作连词解。例如：
He saw a number of small hard things like stones.
他看见许多小而硬的、像石块似的东西。
You should behave like her. 你应该像她那样行事。
He wanted to be a pilot as his father had been.
他想像他爸爸一样，当一名飞行员。
2. No one will be cross.
cross可作形容词，意为“脾气坏的，易怒的”。例如：
Lucy stayed out late again，and her father was really cross.
露西又在外面玩得很晚才回来，她父亲非常生气。
【拓展】
(1) be/get cross with sb. 对某人生气 例如：
The boss will get cross with me if I don’t finish the job on time.
如果我不把活按时干完，老板会对我发火的。
(2) be cross at sth. 因某事而生气 例如：
She is always cross at the small things. 她总是因为一些小事而生气。
(3) cross还可作动词，意为“穿过，越过”。例如：
Be careful when you cross the road. 过马路时要小心。
3. The fork is held in your left hand….
be held构成了被动语态，意为“被握着”。be done是被动语态的构成形式，即be动词后接及物动词的过去分词。be有人称、时态和单复数形式的变化。各种时态的被动语态列表如下：
时态
被动语态的结构
一般现在时
am/is/are＋过去分词
一般过去时
was/were＋过去分词
一般将来时
will/shall＋be＋过去分词
现在进行时
am/is/are＋being＋过去分词
现在完成时
have/has＋been＋过去分词
过去进行时
was/were＋being＋过去分词
过去将来时
would/should＋be＋过去分词
过去完成时
had＋been＋过去分词
下列情况一般用被动语态表达：
（1）不知道谁是动作的执行者的时候用被动语态。例如：
My bike was stolen last night. 我的自行车昨天晚上被偷了。
（2） 强调和突出动作的承受者的时候用被动语态。例如：
The blackboard has been cleaned. 黑板已经被擦了。
（3）没有必要指出动作的执行者的时候用被动语态。例如：
The Great Wall was built thousands of years ago. 长城是数千年前建成的。
4. You may find it difficult to use chopsticks if you haven’t tried before.
“find it difficult to use chopsticks”是find it + adj. + (for sb) to do sth. 的结构，意为“发现做某事（对某人来说）是……”。其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式to do sth.，形容词作宾语补足语。这一结构可改成由that引导的宾语从句，在it和形容词之间加适当的be动词即可。例如：
I find it easy for me to finish the work in an hour.
= I find that it is easy for me to finish the work in an hour.
我发现对我来说在一小时内完成工作很容易。
5. ...such as chicken wings and hamburgers.
such as意为“例如”，用来罗列同类人或物中的几个例子，可置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，但 such as后边不能用逗号。 例如：
I have many hobbies such reading, dancing and singing.
我有很多爱好，如读书，跳舞和唱歌。
Many of the English programs are welcome, such as Follow Me, Follow Me to Science.
其中有许多英语节目很受欢迎，例如《跟我学》《跟我学科学》。
【拓展】
for example也意为“例如”，但是强调“举例”说明，而且一般只举同类人或物中的一个作为插入语，且用逗号隔开。for example可置于句首、句中或句末。例如：
There are many kinds of pollution, for example, noise is a kind of pollution.
有许多种污染方式，例如噪音就是一种污染。
Many students like playing computer games，for example，Mike.
许多学生喜欢玩电脑游戏，比如迈克。
句式精练
I. 根据汉语提示，完成英语句子（每空一词）。
1. 告别晚会将在五月三十日举行。
The _________ party ________ ________ ________on the 30th of May.
2. 我认为他的答案不对。
__________ __________ _________ his answer is right.
3. 这本书是去年他写的。
This book ____________ ____________ ____________ him last year.
4. 许多国家说英语，如澳大利亚、加拿大等。
English is________ in many countries, _________ _______ Australia, Canada and so on.
5. 孩子们不被允许在街上踢足球。
Children ____________ ____________ ____________ to play football in the street.
6. 小树应当受到好的照顾。
Young trees should ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________.
7. 刚才他对他的老师很生气。
He was ____________ ____________ his teacher just now.
8. 这个新机场是去年建造的。
This new airport ____________ ____________ last year.
9. 教室的窗户应当每天都打扫。
The windows of the classroom ____________ ____________ ____________ every day.
10. 大家认为如果一吃完，你就离开是相当无礼的。
It’s thought quite rude if you leave ____________ ____________ ____________ you finish eating.
II. 句型转换，每空一词。
1. People all over the world know the Great Wall. (改为被动语态)
The Great Wall ____________ ____________ ____________ people all over the world.
2. My little brother is too short to reach the apple on the table. (改为同义句)
My little brother is ____________ short ____________ he can’t reach the apple on the table.
3. My friend told me some good news. (改为被动语态)
Some good news ____________ ____________ to me by my friend.
4. The old man no longer lived there. (改为同义句)
The old man ____________ live there ____________ ____________.
5. My teacher offered me some good advice yesterday. (改为同义句)
My teacher ____________ some good advice ____________ me yesterday.
III. 改错。
1. Xiali cars are make in Tianjin, China.
_______________________________________________________
2. He didn’t be chosen for the job.
_______________________________________________________
3. Since thirty years ago his novels were translated into many languages.
_______________________________________________________
4. The man was seen go upstairs.
_______________________________________________________
5. He has had the book for a couple days ago.
_______________________________________________________
IV. 补全对话。
(2019 厦门中考)
根据对话情景，填入适当的单词（每空一词）
A: Excuse me. Could you help me?
B: 1. . What can I do for you?
A: Well, I’d like to exchange this CD.
B: What’s wrong 2. it?
A: My grandson gave it to me as a birthday 3. . It’s his favorite music… but it’s too
4. for me. I want something quieter.
B: I’m really sorry, but there are no exchange on CDs after they’ve been 5. .
参考答案
I. 根据汉语提示，完成英语句子（每空一词）。
1.school-leavers’, will be held 2. I don’t think 3. was written by 4. spoken, such as
5. are not allowed 6. be taken good care of 7. cross / angry with
8. was built 9. should be cleaned 10. as soon as
II. 句型转换，每空一词。
1. is known by 2. so; that 3. was told 4. didn’t; any longer/more 5. offered; to
III. 改错。
1. Xiali cars are made in Tianjin, China.
2. He wasn’t chosen for the job.
3. Since thirty years ago his novels have been translated into many languages.
4. The man was seen to go upstairs.
5. He has had the book for a couple of days./ He has had the book since a couple of days ago.
IV. 补全对话。
1. sure 2. with 3. gift 4. noisy 5. opened