(共125张PPT)
话题悦读·情景导入
课前 自主预习
课堂 合作探究
随堂 即时巩固
语法 专项突破
听音填词
导语：生活中充满着困难与艰辛，但也有希望与梦想。当你面对艰辛，生活似乎变成灰色时，你会如何抉择？要勇敢地面对，乐观地走下去，因为生活总是充满了无限的可能，这就是生活的真谛。
Story of My Life
Yesterday's a memory
Another page of history
Sell yourself for hopes and dreams
That leaves you feeling sideways
Tripping over my own feet
Trying to walk to my own beat
Another car out ①
Trying to find the highway
Hey，are you going my way?
on the street
This is the story of my life
And I write it every day
I know it isn't ②
And it's anything but gray
I know that no，I'm not alright
But I'll be OK
Because anything can everything can happen
That's the story of my life
black and white
I'm going to write the melody
That's going ③
Yeah，and when I paint my masterpiece
I swear I'll show you first
There just isn't a way to see
Who，when，why or what will be
Till now is then it's a mystery
A blessing and a curse
Or something worse，yeah
to make history
我生活的故事
昨日只是个回忆
被历史翻过去的另一页
为了希望和梦想你出卖自己
那让你觉得被遗弃在路旁
我绊倒在自己脚下
试图走出我自己的节拍
另一辆车开到街上
想要找一条公路
嗨，你会走我的路吗？
这就是我的故事
每一天我都在写它
我明白它不是黑白的
也绝不是灰色
我明白不是，我并不完美
但我会过得不错
因为任何事都可能，每件事都可能发生
那就是我的生活
我继续写那旋律
它将会创造历史
好啊，当我完成我的杰作
我发誓一定会先向你展示
那是一条无法看清的路
何人，何时，为何，到底会怎样
迄今为止它仍是个谜
祝福以及诅咒
或者更糟的东西
Section Ⅰ Warm?up & Lesson 1 Stories from History
基础知识自测
单词预习
occur
preserve
abandon
witness
gather
burst
awesome
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1. vi. 发生
2. vt. 保护，保存
3. vt. 放弃，遗弃
4. v. 目击
5. vi.& vt. 聚集
6. vi. 爆炸；冲，闯
7. adj. 令人敬畏的 魔变记忆
1.occur vi. 发生，突然想起
[联想] “发生”一族
①happen 偶然发生
②take place 发生，举行(安排好的)
③break out 发生，爆发
④come about (已经)发生
sorrow
sympathy
architecture
characteristic
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1. n．悲伤，难过→sorrowful adj.遗憾的；对不起的；感到伤心的
2. n．同情→sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的
3. n．建筑→architect n．建筑师
4. adj.典型的→character n．品质；特色；人物；汉字 2.abandon vt.放弃，遗弃 n．放纵，任性
[记法] a＋band(乐队)＋on→一个乐队在演出→abandon
[同义] ①desert vt.遗弃，放弃 ②quit vt.离开，放弃
loss
novelist
particularly
fantasy
into
over
upon
out
on
重点短语
1．come view 出现
2．knock sb. 撞倒某人
3．once a time 从前
4．block 堵住
5．leave an...impression sb. 给某人留下某种印象 常用词块
1．over the centuries几百年来
2．a frozen moment 一个被封存了的瞬间
3．admire the ancient architecture 欣赏古代的建筑
4．a booming Roman city 一座繁华的罗马城市
in
on
up
on
in
6． a way 从某种程度上说
7． one's side 侧身
8．split (使)解散；决裂
9． the/one's way to 在去……的路上
10．be caught 遭遇，被困 5．sit alone 独自坐着
6．feel sorrow and deep sympathy 感到悲痛和深切的同情
7．a historical site 一个历史遗迹
8．get a pay raise 得到加薪
句型博习
standing under the
tree and talking about something
原句展示 句型提炼 迁移应用
1.Pliny described a cloud coming down the mountain, blocking out the sun and burying everything in its path...
普林尼描述道，一团云自山巅而降，遮天蔽日，将所经之处的一切吞没…… 现在分词短语作定语 There are two men
.
树下有两个人，站着、谈论着什么。
It is when you come to China that
原句展示 句型提炼 迁移应用
2.However, much more than buildings and objects, it is the forms of the people who were caught in the disaster that...
但是，与城里的建筑以及物品相比，那些在那场灾难中遇难的人的形象…… “it is...that...”为强调句型 you can experience Chinese food culture.
只有你来中国的时候你才能体验中国的饮食文化。
as if it is going to rain
原句展示 句型提炼 迁移应用
3.Another man, lying on his side, looks as if he is trying to get up.
侧身躺在他旁边的另一个人看上去好像是在试图站立起来。 as if “好像……”，引导表语从句 Clouds are gathering. It looks
.
云在聚集，天看上去要下雨了。
[课文译文]
庞培——一座变成时间舱的城市
大约公元1世纪末，一位名叫普利尼的罗马作家描述了他在年轻时亲眼看到的一次火山爆发的可怕情景。火山爆发发生在公元79年8月24日。大地开始颤抖，一座位于意大利庞培城附近的名为维苏威的火山喷发了。普利尼描述道，一团云自山巅而降，遮天蔽日，将所经之处的一切，包括一座座村庄和城镇统统吞没。
这场灾难给普利尼留下了深刻的印象，他的一位叔叔在灾难中丧生。然而，在几百年期间，有了更大的损失，消失在火山灰下的人们、城镇以及村庄完全被世界遗忘了。
但是，1 600多年以后，一些科学家发现了被埋在火山灰下的遗失的城镇。到1748年，他们已经发现了一处令人敬畏的历史遗址，开始挖掘庞培古城。
从某种程度上来说，庞培(古城)如同一个“时间舱”，保存了历史上一个被封存的瞬间。火山爆发前，庞培是罗马的一座繁华的城市，这里有庙宇、集市、餐馆和剧院。如今，当你沿着城中的街道漫步时，时间回到了过去。你可以欣赏那些古老的建筑、雕像、装饰过的墙壁和那时特有的原创物品。但是，与城里的建筑以及物品相比，那些在那场灾难中遇难的人的形象则更加能使这座城市成为人类历史上的一座纪念碑。
那些在庞培古城中遇难的人的身体在火山灰中留下了痕迹，显现了他们(遇难时)的确切的样子。当你路过时，你会看到在生命的最后时刻聚集在一起以寻求保护的人们。一个独自坐着的人看上去像在祈祷。侧身躺在他旁边的另一个人看上去好像是在试图站立起来。对这些曾经活着的雕像，人们只能感到悲痛和深切的同情。
在科学家发现庞培古城250多年后的今天，每年都有成千上万的游客和数以百计的科学家来参观庞培古城，以更多地了解这个古老的世界。这样，在消失近2 000年后，这座曾经一度被世界遗忘的城市又复活了。
课文阅读理解
Step 1 Fast?reading
Skim the text and finish the following question.
(Ⅰ)What is the main idea of the text?
It is about a city ，which and discovered again by some scientists later.
答案：named Pompeii was buried by a volcanic eruption more than 1,600 years
(Ⅱ)Match the information with the paragraphs.
Para.1 A．What the eruption brought to people.
Para.2B．People imagine what the people in Pompeii were doing when they faced the disaster.
Para.3 C．What Pompeii looked like before the volcanic eruption.
Para.4 D．The city of Pompeii lives on nearly 2,000 years after its loss.
Para.5 E．Scientists discovered the city of Pompeii.
Para.6 F．The background knowledge of the volcanic eruption.
答案：Para.1～Para.6 FAECBD
Step 2 Careful?reading
(Ⅰ)Do the true or false questions according to the text.
1．The writer of this passage witnessed the terrible volcanic eruption.( )
2．Pliny lost one of his relatives in the eruption.( )
3．The whole city of Pompeii，except people，was buried in the ashes.( )
4．Pompeii had been a prosperous city before the eruption.( )
5．The ancient city of Pompeii is still under the ashes of the eruption.( )
6．Pompeii is now regarded as a monument to human history.( )
F
T
F
T
F
T
(Ⅱ)Fill in the chart with the information in the text.
Pompeii：The city that became a time capsule
occurred
blocking out
burying
Around the end of the first century AD ●The eruption had 1. on August 24th, 79 AD.
●A cloud came down the mountain，2. the sun and 3. everything in its path.
dig out
preserving
in the ash
250
Thousands of
More than 1,600 years later ●Some scientists found the lost towns and started to 4. the ancient city.
●In a way, Pompeii is like a “time capsule” 5. a frozen moment in history.
●The bodies of people 6. showed their exact shapes.
Today, more than 7. years after scientists found the city ●8. tourists and hundreds of scientists visit Pompeii every year to learn more about the ancient world.
Step 3 Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．Around the end of the first century AD, a Roman writer called Pliny wrote about a terrible volcanic eruption that he had witnessed as a young man.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]
大约公元1世纪末，一位名叫普林尼的罗马作家描述了他在年轻
时亲眼看见的一次火山爆发的可怕情景。
2．Pliny described a cloud coming down the mountain, blocking out the sun and burying everything in its path, including whole villages and towns.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]
普林尼描述道，一团云自山巅而降，遮天蔽日，将所经之处的一切，
包括一座座村庄和城镇统统吞没。
3．However, much more than buildings and objects, it is the forms of the people who were caught in the disaster that have made the city a monument to human history.
[句式分析] 本句是一个含有定语从句的强调句，强调的是the forms of the people; who引导定语从句，修饰先行词the people；made the city a monument为“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构。
[尝试翻译]
但是，与城里的建筑以及物品相比，那些在那场灾难中遇难的人
的形象则更使得这座城市成为人类历史上的一座纪念碑。
[尝试翻译]
在科学家们发现庞培古城250多年后的今天，每年都有成千上万的游客
和数以百计的科学家参观庞培古城以更多地了解这个古老的世界。
1．abandon vt.放弃，遗弃n.放纵，任性
(P5)It looked abandoned.
它看起来被遗弃了。
(1)abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事
abandon oneself to 纵情于；沉溺于
(2)abandon n. 尽情；放纵
with abandon 放任地；放纵地
(3)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的，抛弃的；自我放任的
My father is thinking about abandoning smoking soon.
我爸爸正在考虑马上戒烟。
The boy who had abandoned himself to computer games didn't pass the exam.
那位沉溺于电脑游戏的男孩没有通过考试。
There was an abandoned house by the riverside.
河边有一所废弃的房子。
[巧学助记] The boy felt abandoned by the world.So he abandoned himself to playing computer games and thought that life was boring.His teacher and classmates helped him abandon the idea and abandon playing computer games with their love.
男孩感觉被这个世界抛弃了。因此他沉迷于玩网络游戏并认为生活是无聊的。他的老师和同学用爱帮助他放弃了这种想法并不再沉迷于网络游戏。
[即学活用] 单句语法填空
①These (abandon) children have now got a future.
②Many people abandon themselves to (shop) on the Internet.
③The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms abandon.
abandoned
shopping
with
2．witness v．亲见；目击；作证；由……作证 n．见证人；目击者；证明
(P6)Around the end of the first century AD，a Roman writer called Pliny wrote about a terrible volcanic eruption that he had witnessed as a young man.
大约公元一世纪，一位名叫普林尼的罗马作家描述了他在年轻时亲眼看见的一次火山爆发的可怕情景。
(1)v.亲见；目击；作证；由……作证
witness sth. 目击(睹)某事； 为某事作证
witness to (doing) sth.(to为介词) 证明(做)某事
Our school has witnessed great changes in the last few years.
最近几年来，我们学校发生了巨大的变化。
Are you prepared to witness to the honesty of your classmate?
你准备为你同学的诚实作证吗？
(2)n.见证人；目击者；证明
be (a) witness to sth. 某事的目击者；证明……的真实
give/bear witness (to sth.)为……作证
His smile is a witness to his new found happiness.
他的笑容证明他新近获得了幸福。
[名师点津] 英语中经常用物作主语，这符合事物从客体到主体的顺序，这也正是西方人的思维方式。
[巧学助记] The witness who witnessed the incident gave witness to the police and promised to be a witness.
这个目击了这起事故的目击者向警察提交了证据并且答应做证人。
[即学活用] (1)单句改错
①His good health is a witness of the success of the treatment.
②The girl who witnessed the incident decided to call the police.
(2)完成句子
③过去的30年见证了中国的快速发展。
The past 30 years China's rapid development.
第一个of→to
witnessed前加had
has witnessed
3．occur vi.发生，被想起
(P6)The eruption had occurred on August 24th,79 AD.
火山喷发发生在公元79年8月24日。
(1)vi.发生，出现
A number of accidents always occur on such days.
在这种日子里常常有许多事故发生。
(2)vi.被想起
Sth. occurs to sb. 某人突然想起某事
It occurs to/strikes/hits sb. that ... 某人突然想起……
It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事
A good idea occurred to me while I was working in the field.我在地里干活时，突然想到了一个好主意。
It suddenly hit/occurred to me that traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value.
我突然想到，茶文化这样的传统文化具有极大的魅力和巨大的价值。
It didn't occur to her to ask her parents for help.
她从来没有想到向父母求助。
[即学活用] (1)单句改错
①Something unexpected was occurred when he got home.
(2)完成句子
②It didn't occur to me .
当时我没有想到向你求助。
③It didn't occur to him .
他没想到自己会得到这个奖项。
去掉was
to ask you for help
that he would get the prize
4．particularly adv.特别地；特定地
(P6)This particularly sad event left a deep impression on Pliny who had lost an uncle in the eruption.
这场灾难给普林尼留下了深刻的印象，他的一位叔叔在灾难中丧生。
in particular＝particularly 尤其；特别；格外
be particular about/over... 对……挑剔(过分讲究、认真)
It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out，particularly when there are reasons to do so.
年轻人最可能发脾气，尤其是有理由这样做的时候，这一点并不令人惊讶。
Don't be too particular about/over what you eat and wear；pay more attention to your study and work.
不要太讲究吃穿，应该多注意学习和工作。
[即学活用] 完成句子
①She ，because her mother used to sing it.
她特别喜爱那首歌，因为她的母亲过去经常唱。
②She has already tried her best.Please .
她已经尽力了，请不要过分挑剔她的工作。
loves the song in particular
don't be too particular about her job
5．preserve vt.保护，保存；保持，维持
(P6)In a way，Pompeii is like a“time capsule”preserving a frozen moment in history.
从某种程度上来说，庞培(古城)如同一个“时间舱”，保存了历史上一个被封存的瞬间。
(1)preserve...from... 保护……免受……
be well preserved 保存(养)得很好
(2)preserve n. 禁猎地，饲养场
preservation n. 保存，保护
We may preserve the majority of the endangered species from extinction.
我们可以保护大多数濒临灭绝的物种免于灭绝。
I think these interesting old customs should be preserved.
我认为这些有趣的旧习俗应该保存下去。
The paintings were in an excellent state of preservation.
这些绘画保存得非常好。
[即学活用] 单句语法填空
①They were determined to preserve these children from (hurt)．
②Ancient Egyptians knew how (preserve) dead bodies from decay (腐烂)．
③More money is needed for the (preserve) of historic buildings and monuments.
being hurt
to preserve
preservation
6．sympathy n．同情，同情心；赞同，支持
(P6)One can only feel sorrow and deep sympathy for these once?living statues.
对这些曾经活着的雕像，人们只能感到悲痛和深切的同情。
feel/have sympathy for sb. 同情某人
have no sympathy for sb. 不同情某人(认为某人是 自作自受)
out of sympathy with 不支持，不赞同
in sympathy with 支持，赞同
I am writing to express my sympathy for you and your family.我写信表示对你和你的家人的同情。
I have no sympathy for Jane；it's all her own fault.
我不同情简，那都是她自己的错。
I am sure he will be in sympathy with your suggestion.
我确信他一定赞成你的建议。
[即学活用] 完成句子
①I because she brought up the children on her own.
我同情她，因为她独自把孩子抚养成人。
② for the homeless children，he gave them shelter for the night.
出于对无家可归的孩子们的同情，他给他们提供了住宿。
feel/have sympathy for her
Out of sympathy
The police burst in and arrested the thief.
警察突然闯进来，逮捕了小偷。
Upon hearing the funny story, everybody burst out laughing/burst into laughter.
听了这个滑稽的故事，大家都哈哈大笑。
(2)n.爆炸；爆发；突发
A burst of hand?clapping followed the ending of the song.
歌声结束之后接着响起了一阵掌声。
[即学活用] (1)单句语法填空
①With the play going on, she burst out (sing)．
②He burst the room while we were studying.
③His appearance on the platform was greeted with a burst applause.
(2)单句改错
④Believe it or not，Lily's sister burst into crying when we were eating.
singing
into
of
into→out或crying→tears
8．come into view 出现，被看见，进入视野
(P5)Suddenly，the spaceship slowed down and immediately the system came into view...
突然，太空飞船慢了下来，整个系统立刻进入我们的视线……
come into fashion 开始流行
come into being/existence 形成，产生
come into power 执政，当权
come into effect 开始生效
Mount Blue now has come into view, and I enjoy the grand landscape ahead.
蓝山已进入视野，我欣赏着眼前的壮丽景色。
Long skirts have come into fashion again.
长裙又流行起来了。
Do you know when life came into existence on the earth?
你知道地球上的生命是什么时候产生的吗？
[名师点津] come 构成的上述短语多数没有被动语态； come into...表示“进入(某种状态)，开始(某种活动)”。
[即学活用] 用come into短语的适当形式填空
①The lake as we turned the corner.
②When did that style of dress ?
③A contract will as soon as it is signed.
came into view
come into fashion
come into effect
9．knock sb.over 撞倒某人；撞翻
(P5)I remember the dog jumping up on me and knocking me over into the water.
我记得那条狗跳起来扑向我，把我撞倒在水中。
knock at/on 敲
knock down 撞倒在地；拆毁，摧毁
knock into sb. 撞到某人身上
I was almost knocked down/over recently by a cyclist riding on the pavement.
最近我差点被一个在人行道上骑自行车的人撞倒。
Why not knock on/at the door before you come in?
你进来之前为什么不敲门？
Tom's car knocked into a wire pole last week.
上周汤姆的车撞到了电线杆上。
[即学活用] (1)介、副词填空
①He knocked his opponent three times in the first round.
②You have knocked my ink, spilling it everywhere.
③You can't avoid knocking a wall when you are walking in the darkness.
(2)单句改错
④He was in such a hurry that he was knocked into another man.
down
over
into
去掉第二个was
10．in a way 从某种程度上来说，有几分
(P6)In a way，Pompeii is like a “time capsule” preserving a frozen moment in history.
从某种程度上来说，庞培古城如同一个“时间舱”，保存了历史上一个被封存的瞬间。
in this/that way 这样/那样
in the way 挡道；碍事
by the way 顺便问，顺便说
in no way 决不(置于句首，句子要倒装)
In a way, I can see what you mean, even though I don't share your point of view.
尽管我同你看法不一样，但在一定程度上我是能理解你的意思的。
In no way can you lose heart when in trouble.
身处困境时，你决不能气馁。
You'd better move the table.It's in the way.
你最好挪一下这张桌子。它挡道了。
[巧学助记] By the way，I don't like the book in a way，but in no way could I deal with it in this way.
顺便说一下，我在某种程度上不喜欢这本书，但我决不会用这种方式处理它。
[即学活用] 用way的相关短语填空
① , I'm glad you made that mistake, for it will serve as a warning to you.
②Can you move the box? It's of the door.
③ , what happened to the family then?
④ can sport be considered a luxury object.
In a way
in the way
By the way
In no way
1．However, much more than buildings and objects, it is the forms of the people who were caught in the disaster that have made the city a monument to human history.
但是，与城里的建筑以及物品相比，那些在那场灾难中遇难的人的形象则更使这个城市成为人类历史上的一座纪念碑。
“it is...that...”为强调句型，强调了the forms of the people，定语从句who were caught in the disaster修饰people。
强调句型的用法：
(1)强调句结构可用来强调除谓语以外的任何句子成分。其基本结构是：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who...。
(2)强调句型的一般疑问句式为：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who...？
(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句式为：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that...？
(4)not until 的强调句型为：It is/was＋not until＋被强调部分＋that...，且that后的谓语动词用肯定式。
It was at the end of the activity that we took a picture to memorize the unforgettable day.
就在活动结束时，我们拍了一张照片来纪念难忘的一天。
Was it during the Second World War that he died?
他是在第二次世界大战期间死亡的吗？
Where was it that you met Tom yesterday?
昨天你是在哪里见到的汤姆？
It was not until she took off her sunglasses that I recognized she was a famous film star.
直到她摘下墨镜，我才认出她是位著名影星。
[名师点津] (1)被强调部分无论是单数还是复数，It后的be动词均用单数形式，即is或was。用is还是was要根据原句的时态来确定。被强调部分如果是原句的主语，who/that之后的谓语动词在人称和数上应与原句的主语保持一致。
(2)对“not...until...”结构的强调，要用“It is/was not until...that...”这一固定句型。
[即学活用] 用强调句型强调句中加黑部分
①Tu Youyou won the 2015 Nobel Prize for Medicine.
→ won the 2015 Nobel Prize for Medicine.
②I didn't go to bed until my mother came.
→ I went to bed.
③Did I see you last night in the cinema?
→ I saw last night in the cinema?
④Who does this place belong to?
→ this place belongs to?
It was Tu Youyou who
It was not until my mother came that
Was it you that/who
Who is it that
2．Another man, lying on his side, looks as if he is trying to get up.
侧身躺在他旁边的另一个人看上去好像是在试图站立起来。
(1)本句中as if引导表语从句。as if (＝as though)“好像；仿佛”，在look, seem等系动词后引导表语从句；as if还可以引导方式状语从句。
It looks as if it isn't clean enough to bathe here.
看起来海水好像不干净，不能游泳。
The child talked to us as if he were a grown?up.
那孩子跟我们谈起话来，像个成年人似的。
(2)当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，从句用陈述语气。
It seems as if he knows everything.
他似乎是个万事通。
(3)当说话者认为句子所述的是不真实的、极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气。具体形式如下：
I can't carry on with my life as if nothing had happened.
我不能像什么都没有发生一样地生活下去。
You treat them as if/though they were your parents.
你对待他们如同对待自己的父母一样。
[即学活用] 单句语法填空
①Manette stood aside with the lamp in his hand as if he (be) a statue.
②It looks as if she (be) really ill.
③He talks about Paris as if he (be) there before.
④He opened his mouth as if he (say) something.
were
is
had been
would say
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It was in New Zealand Elizabeth first met Mr.Smith.
2．When a pencil is partly in a glass of water，it looks as if it (be) broken.
3．When he turned around the street corner, the pet dog
(abandon) by its owner came view.
4．It suddenly occurred to him they should take some measures to preserve the old tree (stand) alongside the street.
that
were
abandoned
into
that
standing
5．The (particular) huge building across the street blocked our view of the sea.
6．He witnessed to (see) the girl play the piano.
7．I have no sympathy students who got caught cheating in exams.
8．She shut the door heavily and burst out (cry)．
particularly
having seen
for
crying
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The girl behaved as if nothing happened.
2．It is I who is going to have a party next Sunday.
3．The high building will be knocked on to make way for the new road.
4．I suppose you are right in the way and I can't get through.
在happened前面加上had
第二个is→am
on→down
the→a
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．It was what you said yesterday .
是你昨天说的话让他改变了主意。
2．He was standing on the top of the hill .
他站在山顶上，就好像是一座雕塑。
3．The house was built in 2018.
矗立在街道角落的那所房子是2018年建的。
4．As we drove on，the beautiful valley .
随着我们驱车前行，美丽的山谷出现在眼前。
5． his wife would divorce him.
他没想到妻子会跟他离婚。
that changed his mind
as if/though he were a statue
standing at the corner of the street
came into our view
It didn't occur to him that
过去完成时
①A Roman writer called Pliny wrote about a terrible volcanic eruption that he had witnessed as a young man.
②By 1748, they had found an awesome historical site.
③He had worked in the factory for five years before we moved here.
④The film had begun when they arrived at the cinema.
⑤I had hoped to meet you at the airport, but I was caught in a traffic jam.
⑥That dinner was the most expensive meal we had ever had.
⑦There was a knock at the door.It was the second time someone had interrupted me that evening.
⑧I had meant to come, but it occurred to me that I had some work to do.
[自我探究]
1．过去完成时与特定的时间状语连用，如句 。
2．句 中过去完成时用于主从复合句，主从句动作都发生于过去，且有先后关系。
3．句 、句 中过去完成时用于含有序数词或最高级的句型。
4．过去完成时表示一种未实现的愿望或想法，如句 、句 。
②
①③④
⑥
⑦
⑤
⑧
一、概念
过去完成时的基本用法与现在完成时相似，所不同的是：现在完成时的动作须在现在以前完成，过去完成时的动作须在过去某一时间以前完成，也就是说动作发生在“过去的过去”。
二、构成
主语＋had＋动词的过去分词
You abandoned the map because you had learned how to get home.
你丢掉地图，因为你已经学会如何回家。
三、基本用法
1．表示过去的过去
表示在过去的某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态，也就是“过去的过去”。可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句、用一个表示过去的动作以及通过上下文来表示。
By nine o'clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship.
到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200张从宇宙飞船发来的图片。
How long had Mr. Wang taught in the middle school before he came here?
王老师来这里之前，在中学教了多长时间的书？
I was very sad at his death. We had been good friends since our childhood.
他的去世使我很悲伤。我们自童年时代起就是好朋友。
2．用于定语从句、宾语从句或间接引语中。
I wondered who had worked out the maths problem in the end.
我想知道谁最后做出了那道数学题。
She returned the book that she had borrowed.
她已归还了她借的那本书。
She said that she had finished her work.
她说她已完成工作了。
3．表示未曾实现的愿望或打算，主要用于hope, want, expect, think, suppose, plan, mean, intend等动词。
I had meant to come, but something happened.
我本想来，但有事发生了。
He had intended that he would come to see you himself, but he was too busy.
他本来打算亲自来看你，但他太忙了。
4．用于状语从句。
在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，若主从句的动作都发生在过去，且有先后关系，动作在前的要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。
After he had finished his homework, he watched TV.
完成作业后，他才看电视的。
If you had come yesterday, you would have seen the wonderful performance.
如果你昨天来的话，你就会看到那场精彩的演出。
5．过去完成时常用于某些固定句型
(1)主语＋had hardly/scarcely/no sooner＋过去分词＋when/than从句(从句用一般过去时)(hardly, scarcely, no sooner位于句首时，主句要倒装)
I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain.
＝No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain.
我刚到家就开始下雨了。
(2)It was＋一段时间＋since从句(从句用过去完成时)
It was at least three months since I had left Beijing.
我离开北京至少有3个月了。
(3)It was the first/second/...time＋(that)从句(从句用过去完成时)
It was the first time that I had chatted online in English.
这是我第一次用英语在网上聊天。
(4)主句(过去完成时)＋by the time...(表示过去的从句)
By the time I got to the station, the train had already gone.
我赶到车站时，火车已经离开了。
(5)句子(过去完成时)＋by the end of...(表示过去的时间)
By the end of last term we had learned 12 units.
到上学期期末为止，我们已经学了12个单元。
[名师点津] 有时before, after引导时间状语从句，主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，时间先后不明显，则主、从句都用一般过去时。
After he closed the door, he left the classroom.
关上门后，他离开了教室。
[即学活用] (1)单句语法填空
①By the end of last month he (work) in Shanghai for twenty years.
②When I got to school, I realized I (leave) my bag at home.
③She (work) on the farm for three years before she became a teacher.
④I (want) to help you but couldn't get here in time.
had worked
had left
had worked
had wanted
(2)句型转换
⑤As soon as we got to New York, we entered a different world.
→We than we entered a different world.
⑥She had hardly finished her homework when she went to bed.
→ when she went to bed.
had no sooner got to New York
Hardly had she finished her homework
四、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别
虽然这两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，但在使用时应注意以下几点：
1．时间状语不同：过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”；而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。
They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.
昨天到10点为止他们才到达车站。
They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.
昨天10点他们到达车站。
2．在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。
She was very happy. Her whole family were pleased with her, too. She had just won the first prize in the composition competition.
她很高兴。她的所有家人对她也很满意。在作文比赛中她刚拿了第一名。
[名师点津] 当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用and或but连接时，按时间顺序，只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时。
He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper.
他走进房间，打开灯，读起晚报来。
五、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别
现在完成时表示的是延续到现在或同现在有关的动作，句中不可有表示过去特定时间的状语；而过去完成时表示的是过去某时之前已经完成或延续到过去某时的动作，句中可有表示过去特定时间的状语。
She had been ill for a week before she came back.
在回来之前，她病了一周了。
She has been ill for a week.
她已经病了一周了。
[即学活用] (1)单句语法填空
①I (mean) to help you, but I was too busy at that moment.
②In the last few years, China (make) great achievements in environmental protection.
③—Did you have difficulty finding Ann's house?
—Not really.She (give) us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.
④To my delight, I (choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.
had meant
has made
had given
was chosen
(2)单句改错
⑤I had grown not only physically，but also mentally in the past few years.
⑥I was taking a train to London's Victoria Station.I had noticed that the carriage was noisy and filled with people.
⑦Thank you for all you had done for me.
⑧In fact, there were four tickets on the seat.Someone has placed another pair of tickets on top of them！
⑨It was the first time that the girl has attended such a party.
⑩By the end of last month，we have learned about 3,000 words.
had→have
去掉had
had→have
has→had
has→had
have→had
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The police found that the house (break) into and a lot of things stolen.
2．The pen I thought I (lose) is on my desk，right under my nose.
3．By the time he was twelve，Edison (make) several experiments by himself.
4．—Did you enjoy the party?
—Yes. We (treat) well by our hosts.
had been broken
had lost
had made
were treated
5．The real reason why prices (be), and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.
6．She (learn) 2,000 English words by now.
7．The twins，who (finish) their homework，were allowed to play badminton on the playground.
8．I found the lecture hard to follow because it (start) when I arrived.
were
has learnt
had finished
had started
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．My parents before 1990.
在1990年以前我父母在这个城市居住了很长时间。
2． but they didn't let us go.
我们本想早回来的，但他们不让我们走。
3． ，you would have met him.
你如果昨天来的话，你就会见到他了。
had lived in this city
We had thought to return early
If you had come yesterday
4．My father asked me if I .
爸爸问我是否已读完那本书了。
5．Li Ming went to London last year，which was the first time that
.
李明去年去了伦敦，那是他第一次出国旅行。
had finished reading that book
he had gone abroad
(共37张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Lesson 2 Name Stories
课前 自主预习
课堂 合作探究
随堂 即时巩固
基础知识自测
单词预习
specific
vivid
hardship
musical
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1. adj. 详细的；特定的
2. adj. 生动的，逼真的
3. n. 艰苦，困苦
4. adj. 音乐的
n. 音乐剧 魔变记忆
1.联想记单词
这档特殊的(special)节目是为“特定的”年龄段的孩子设计的→specific adj.特定的
abnormal
origin
discourage
suffering
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1. adj.反常的，不正常的→normal adj.正常的
2. n．起源，开端；出身→original adj.原来的，起初的
3. vt.使泄气，使灰心→discouraged adj.泄气的；沮丧的→discouraging adj.令人沮丧的
4. n．痛苦，困难→suffer vt.遭受，忍受 2.ab? 开头高频词
①abnormal adj. 不正常的
②abundant adj. 丰富的
③abroad adv. 在国外
④abstract adj. 抽象的
⑤absence n. 不在，缺席；缺乏
⑥absorb v. 吸收
⑦abandon v. 抛弃，遗弃
⑧abuse v. 滥用；虐待
3.significance n．重要性；意义
admirable
significance
5. adj.令人钦佩的，极佳的→admire vt.钦佩，羡慕→admiration n．钦佩，赞美
6. n．重要性；意义→significant adj.重要的，重大的；影响深远的 [联想] 后缀 ?ance高频词
①importance n. 重要；重要性
②ignorance n. 无知；愚昧
③elegance n. 优美；高雅
④performance n. 执行；演出
短语研习
after
across
up
on
out
up
重点短语
1．name... 以……的名字给某人/某物命名
2．come 偶然遇见
3．hold 支撑起
4．count 依靠
5．figure 理解
6．end 以……结束，以……告终 常用词块
1．as a whole 作为一个整体
2．go to university 上大学
3．study medicine 学习医学
4．get off the boat 下船
5．in particular 特别，尤其
6．put up with 容忍，忍受
句型博习
as large as that of yours
Why do you think
原句展示 句型提炼 迁移应用
1.This student has parents who wanted their daughter to be as strong as any boy.
这个学生的父母希望他们的女儿和任何男孩一样强壮。 as...as... 与……一样…… The population of our country is five times .
我们国家的人口是你们国家的五倍。
2.If they could choose other names，what do you think they would be?
如果他们可以选择其他的名字，你认为他们会选择什么名字呢？ do you think作插入语 we should have a vote on that?
为什么你认为我们应该对那件事进行表决？
1．significance n．重要性，意义；意思，含义
(P8)．..Chinese names can also have significance according to their sounds.
……中国人的名字也可以根据它们的发音变得有意义。
(1)have great significance for对……有重大意义
of no/little/great significance 无关紧要/有重大意义
attach significance to sth. 认为某事有意义
(2)significant adj. 有意义的，显著的，意味深长的
The new discovery of oil is of great significance to this area's economy.
新发现的石油对这个地区的经济有重大意义。
Female crime increased fast in recent years, and we should attach significance to the harm of female crime.
近年来，中国女性犯罪快速增长，其危害应引起全社会的重视。
The crime problem has great significance for the general public.
犯罪问题对公众来说事关重大。
[名师点津] be of (great) significance＝be (very) significant(非常)有意义的；(非常)显著的
[即学活用] (1)单句语法填空
①Your work has shown a (significance) improvement.
②Can you see the (significant) of the matter?
(2)句型转换
③It's very significant for China to build an aircraft carrier.
→It's for China to build an aircraft carrier.
significant
significance
of great significance
2．discourage vt.使泄气；劝阻，促使不做(某事)
(P8)．..she was also discouraged because she missed her home in northern England...
……她也因为想念她在北英格兰的家而灰心……
(1)discourage sb.from doing sth.劝阻某人不做某事
discouraged adj. 泄气的
(2)be/get discouraged 泄气
discouraging adj. 令人失去信心的，使人气馁的
discouragement n. 气馁，泄气，挫折
His parents tried to discourage him from being an actor.
他的父母试图阻止他去当演员。
This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us that we shouldn't get discouraged right after failures.
温斯顿·丘吉尔的这句引语告诉我们，失败后我们不应该气馁。
I had a discouraging experience in this city yesterday.
昨天我在这座城市有一次令人沮丧的经历。
[即学活用] 单句语法填空
①We discourage you from (smoke) except in specific areas.
②It's very (discourage) that every time I try to ride a bicycle，I fall off.
③I also had friends who gave me a great deal of (encourage)．
smoking
discouraging
encouragement
3．admirable adj.令人敬佩的；极佳的
(P8)Her father thought he was admirable because he built bridges you can really count on.
她的父亲认为他受到人们的敬佩是因为他修建了人们真正可以依赖的桥梁。
(1)admire vt. 钦佩；羡慕；赞美
admire sb.for sth. 佩服某人的……
(2)admiration n. 敬佩；羡慕
with admiration 羡慕地；赞赏地
The way he dealt with the hardship he came across is admirable.
他处理遇到的艰难困苦的方式令人钦佩。
I don't agree with her，but I admire her for sticking to her principles.
我不同意她的意见，但是我赞赏她坚守原则。
She speaks English so well that her friends are filled with admiration.
她的英语说得好极了，她的朋友都赞美不已。
[即学活用] 单句语法填空
①The school is admired its excellent teaching.
②I have great (admire) for her as a writer.
for
admiration
4．be named after 以……命名
(P8)This student is named after a purple flower.
这个学生以紫色的花命名。
name...as/to be指定/任命……为……
make a/one's name 出名，成名
in the name of... 以……的名义
by the name of 名叫……的
Bill is named after his father.
比尔以其父亲的名字命名。
We named Susan as/to be chairman of the meeting last week.
上周我们任命苏珊为会议主席。
I know a man by the name of Peter.
我认识一名叫彼得的人。
[即学活用] 完成句子
①A boy David has just called to say hello to you.
一个名叫大卫的男孩刚刚来电话向你问好。
②The college George Washington.
该大学以乔治·华盛顿的名字命名。
by the name of
is named after
5．come across偶然遇见/发现；被理解
(P8)I came across an interesting name story when I visited my cousin in Henan Province.
在看望河南省的表妹时，我偶然听到一个关于名字的有趣的故事。
come about 发生；产生
come up 出现；走近；上来
come up with 追上；想出，找出(答案)；提出
come out 出来，出现；出版；结局
Is this your necklace，Mary？I came across it when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning.
玛丽，这是你的项链吗？今天早上我打扫浴室时偶然发现的。
How did it come about that he knew where we were?
他是怎么知道我们在什么地方的呢？
I hope you can come up with a better plan than this.
我希望你能想出比这更好的计划。
[即学活用] (1)单句语法填空
①It is said that her new album will come next month.
②Something strange came in the building yesterday.
(2)单句改错
③The new suggestions came up with by a young man from another company.
out
up
去掉with
6．hold up支撑起；延迟，阻碍；举起，拿起；抢劫
(P8)She became quite famous when she invented a new way of holding up suspension bridges during the building process.
当在建桥的过程中她发明了一种支撑吊桥的新方法的时候，她变得非常出名。
hold back 阻挡，抑制，控制
hold on 挂断；坚持住
hold on to 抓住不放；坚持；保留
hold out 伸出；坚持；提供；维持
She managed to hold back her anger.
她抑制住了自己的怒火。
My father said that if we believe something was true, we should hold on to it.
父亲说如果我们相信某事是真的，就应该坚持。
[即学活用] (1)写出下列句中hold up的汉语意思
①I decided to hold up on the news until he was sure of it.
②Robbers held up a bank at gunpoint yesterday.
③The chair is too weak to hold up such a fat man.
④They held up their coach to celebrate their winning.
延迟
抢劫
支撑起
举起
(2)单句语法填空
⑤To show this，she held one chopstick，representing one person.
⑥I held my hand to support her.
⑦She told the speaker to hold for a moment.
(3)单句改错
⑧Hold on the rope，or you'll fall off the truck.
up
out
on
on后面加to
7．end up以……结束，以……告终
(P8)However，she didn't like it so she changed her studies and ended up becoming an engineer!
然而，她不喜欢它(医学专业)，因此她换了专业并最终成为一名工程师！
end up doing sth. 以做某事结束或告终
end up with 以某种方式结束
end up in 以某种结果结束
end up＋adj. 以某种状态结束
At first，he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up apologizing.
最初他拒绝接受任何责任，但最后还是道了歉。
Unfortunately，all their plans ended up in failure.
不幸的是，他们的一切计划都以失败告终。
If he carries on driving like that，he'll end up dead.
如果他继续照那样开车，早晚得死于非命。
[即学活用] 单句语法填空
①If you don't eat less, you'll end up (look) like a whale.
②If you continue to steal, you'll end up prison.
③You'll end up death if you drink too much.
looking
in
with
If they could choose other names，what do you think they would be?
如果他们可以选择其他的名字，你认为他们会选择什么名字呢？
(1)句式结构：疑问词＋do you think＋陈述句语序？?
(2)经常用于这种句式结构的插入语还有：do you believe，do you suppose，do you guess，do you imagine等。I think，I suppose，I believe，I guess，I hope等也可以在陈述句中作插入语。
Who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?
你认为谁是过去100年里最重要的女性？
When do you suppose she will come back from abroad?
你认为她何时从国外回来？
What do you guess has made her change her mind?
你猜是什么使得她改变了主意？
[即学活用] 完成句子
① is the most beautiful city?
你认为哪个城市最漂亮？
② she will visit her uncle?
你认为她何时会去看她舅舅？
Which do you think
When do you think
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The discovery has great (significant) to the area.
2．The famous scientist's great achievement is (admire)．
3．He speaks English very well indeed，but not so fluently a native speaker.
4．After the forest fire，around 95% of the island's (origin) species survived.
5．Never let (discourage) hold you back.
significance
admirable
as
original
discouragement
6．As a child, Jack studied in a village school, which is named his grandfather.
7．I do hope my application for leave won't be held too long.
8．At first, they hated each other, but they ended up (get) married.
after
up
getting
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．We must not get discouraging because of such a minor setback.
2．On the return journey through India，Alexander came about a new town with high walls.
3．Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just end up in sweet dreams.
4．I am not going to put up their smoking and talking loudly any longer.
5．In the rainstorm, farmers in the south suffered from a heavy loss.
discouraging→discouraged
about→across
in→with
在up后面加上with
去掉from
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．①The project local villagers.(significant)
②The project local villagers.(significance)
这个工程对当地村民意义重大。
2．Keep on doing that and you'll .
再继续那样做下去的话，你最终会陷入严重的麻烦。
3．Constant delays public transport.
经常晚点打消了人们使用公共交通的念头。
4． I should do first?
你认为我应该先做什么？
is very significant to
is of great significance to
end up getting into serious trouble
discourage people from using
What do you think
(共89张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Lesson 3 Life Stories
课前 自主预习
课堂 合作探究
随堂 即时巩固
基础知识自测
单词预习
superb
severe
stubborn
straightforward
precious
eager
expand
complex
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1． adj. 出色的，卓越的
2． adj. 严重的；严厉的
3． adj. 倔强的，固执的
4． adj. 直接的，坦率的
5． adj. 宝贵的，珍贵的
6． adj. 渴望的，热衷的
7． v. 扩大，扩充
8． adj. 复杂的 魔变记忆
1．与“性格”有关的形容词小结
①stubborn 固执的
②optimistic 乐观的
③pessimistic 悲观的
④easy?going 随和的
⑤gentle 温和的
⑥outgoing 外向的
apparent
warmth
restriction
unbearable
troublesome
former
gradual
uncertain
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1． adj.明显的，显而易见的→apparently adv.显然地
2． n．温暖→warm adj.暖和的
3． n．限制，约束→restrict vt.限制；约束
4． adj.不能忍受的→bear v．忍受，容忍
5． adj.引起麻烦的→trouble n．麻烦
6． adj.以前的→latter adj.后来的
7． adj.逐渐的→gradually adv.逐渐地
8． adj.不确定的→certain adj.确定的，肯定的 2．expand v．扩大，扩充
[近义] ①enlarge v. 扩大
②extend v. 延伸
③broaden v. 变宽
④spread v. 传播
3．former adj.以前的
[词块] ①former capital 故都
②former husband/wife 前夫/妻
③former president 前总统
短语研习
in
to
hug
with
up
that
in
on
重点短语
1．bring 请来；赢利
2．relate 能够理解并同情；与……相关
3．give sb.a big 紧紧拥抱某人
4．start 以……开始
5．open 打开，开放
6．now 既然，由于
7． a flash 即刻，一瞬间
8．go 发生；进行 常用词块
1．a superb teacher 一位出色的老师
2．a burst of understanding 突然明白
3．the key to language 语言的关键所在
4．half in words，half in signs 一半用单词，一半用手势
5．have a breakthrough 取得突破
6．make some mistakes 犯一些错误
7．at that moment 就在那时
句型博习
helpful for you to
when driving across the crossings
原句展示 句型提炼 迁移应用
1.I thought it strange that my teacher could not show me love.
我感到奇怪的是老师不能告诉我什么是爱。 “动词＋形式宾语it＋宾补＋真正的宾语”结构 I think it learn some courses of spoken Chinese online.
我认为学习一些网上汉语口语课程对你有帮助。
2....but she had a breakthrough while working on a simple task.
……但是在做一件简单的事情时，她取得了突破性的进展。 时间状语从句的省略 You can't be too careful
.
当你驾车通过十字路口时越小心越好。
Thirsty and hungry
had been defeated
原句展示 句型提炼 迁移应用
3.Uncertain about how to fix them, she stopped to think carefully.
由于不能确定怎样改正，她停下来仔细地思考。 形容词作状语 ，he went to a farmer's cottage to ask for something to eat.
由于又渴又饿，他来到一家农舍要了点儿吃的。
4.It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word...
这是海伦第一次理解这样一个复杂的词…… “It is/was＋the＋序数词＋time＋(that)从句”，意为“这是第……次做某事” It was the first time Americans
.
这是美国人第一次被打败。
课文预读释疑
[课文译文]
海伦·凯勒
海伦·凯勒是一个很特别的女孩，她需要一位出色的老师。到7岁的时候，她仍然不会说话、阅读和写字。这是因为海伦看不见，也听不到。由于交流上有这些严重的限制，海伦的行为举止经常令人难以忍受。她固执、易怒，当别人不明白她的意思时，她就经常摔东西。
安妮·沙利文被请来帮助海伦。安妮是波士顿一所盲人学校里的老师，同时她以前也是该校的学生。安妮年幼时也曾有过视力问题，所以她能理解海伦的困难。她的第一个目标是制止海伦让人心烦的行为。海伦需要这种有用的准备来学习语言。她也需要许多的爱。当安妮和海伦第一次见面时，安妮就热情地拥抱了海伦。
海伦要学会理解拼写在她手上的单词。安妮的方法简单又直接。她将一件物品放在海伦的一只手里，然后在她的另一只手里拼写这个单词。安妮从玩具娃娃开始。她让海伦玩玩具娃娃，然后在她的手里拼写字母“D?O?L?L”。海伦以为这是个游戏。她在她的《我的生活故事》一书中准确地描述了自己的
兴奋：“我冲下楼梯跑向妈妈，举起手，拼写‘玩具娃娃’这个词。我不知道自己是在拼写一个单词，更不知道单词的存在；我只是像猴子模仿一样移动着我的手指。”
后来有一天，安妮把海伦带到水井旁边。安妮将海伦的手放在水中。当水流过海伦的一只手时，安妮在她的另一只手里拼写“w?a?t?e?r”一词。突然，海伦豁然开朗：手指的移动表示凉水正流过她的手。这一宝贵的知识给了她希望和快乐。终于，词语世界向她敞开了。
既然海伦理解了语言之谜，她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多地使用它们。看得到且听得见的孩子学语言很容易，但是对海伦来说，这是一个渐进的、有时是痛苦的过程。然而，结果是令人惊叹的。
随着海伦知识和词汇的增加，她问的问题越来越多。很快这就使她发现了更多复杂的词汇，并改变了她的思考过程。学习“爱”(love) 这个词的过程是她记忆深刻的一个经历。她在自己的《我的生活故事》一书里是这样描述的：
“我记得第一次问‘爱’这个词是什么意思的那个早晨。这是在我知道很多词之前。我在花园里发现了几枝早开的紫罗兰，并把它们送给了我的老师……沙利文小姐轻轻地抱着我，在我的手里拼写‘我爱海伦’。‘什么是爱？’我问道。她将我拉近一些，然后指着我的心说：‘它在这里。’……她的话使我感到非常困惑，因为那时我若不用手触摸就什么都不理解。”
海伦还是不明白爱的意思，但是她继续努力去理解。“我闻了闻她手里的紫罗兰花，一半用单词，一半用手势地问了这样一个问题：‘爱是花的芬芳吗？’‘不是’，我的老师说。”
然后海伦感觉到太阳照耀着她们的温暖。她向上指并问是否那就是爱。当她的老师再次否定时，海伦既困惑又失望。“我感到奇怪的是，老师不能告诉我什么是爱。”时注意到自己犯了一些错。(由于)不确定怎样改正它们，她停下来仔细思考。当她这样做时，沙利文小姐摸摸她的头，在她的手里拼写“思考”这个词。“一瞬间，我明白了这个词便是我的大脑正在进行的这个过程的名称。”
“思考”这个词对海伦来说也是一个难词，但是当她在做一件简单的事情时，她却突破性地理解了“思考”这个词。海伦在沙利文小姐的帮助下制作项链
这是海伦第一次理解这样一个复杂的词——一个她触摸不到实物的词。在那一刻，她的思绪回到了“爱”这个词。当她再次思考它的意思时，太阳出来了。海伦指着太阳，又一次问老师是否那就是爱。安妮向海伦解释说爱在某种程度上就像是太阳和云彩。
“你知道，你不能触摸云彩，但是你能感觉到下雨……你同样触摸不到爱，但是你能体会到爱注入万物的甜蜜。没有爱，你不会快乐，也不想玩耍。”在那生动的一刻，海伦终于明白了“爱”这个词的美妙真谛。
课文阅读理解
Step 1 Fast?reading
(Ⅰ)Skim the text and finish the following question.
What is the main idea of the text?
The passage is mainly about .
答案：the experiences of Helen Keller when she struggled against life
(Ⅱ)Scan the text and number these events in the order that they happened.
As Helen's knowledge and vocabulary expanded, she asked more and more questions.
Anne Sullivan was brought in to help Helen.
As the water flowed over one hand of Helen, Anne spelled “w?a?t?e?r” into her other hand.
When Anne and Helen first met, Anne gave Helen a big hug.
By the time Helen was seven, she still couldn't speak, read or write.
In that vivid moment, Helen finally understood the beautiful truth of the word “love”．
答案：524316
Step 2 Careful?reading
(Ⅰ)Read the text carefully and choose the best answers.
1．According to the passage，the following sentences are true EXCEPT that .
A．Helen Keller was not only deaf but also blind
B．Anne shook hands with Helen when they first met
C．When the teacher spelt “D?O?L?L” into her hand，she didn't understand the meaning at once
D．It's very difficult for the teacher to explain “love” to Helen
2．Why was her teacher so important to her?
A．Her teacher could look after her and dress her.
B．Only her teacher could punish her.
C．Her teacher could understand her situation and teach her how to communicate.
D．Her teacher could teach her how to communicate with others.
3．What can you infer from the story of Helen Keller?
A．She is blind and deaf but a lovely girl.
B．She is easy to lose temper.
C．She is stupid because she learns so slowly.
D．It's hard for her to learn and her teacher is patient.
4．When ，Helen learned the meaning of “think”．
A．making necklaces
B．making a doll
C．playing in the park
D．feeling the warmth of the sun
5．What is the passage mainly about?
A．It's about how Helen Keller learnt from her teacher.
B．It's about a poor girl，Helen Keller.
C．It's about Helen Keller and her teacher.
D．It's about Helen Keller's success.
答案：1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.A
(Ⅱ)Fill in the chart with the information in the text.
former
the blind
simple
straightforward
object
Characters Time What happened
Anne Before she came to Helen's home Anne was once a teacher and 1. student at a school for 2. in Boston.
After she came to Helen's home Her teaching method was very 3. and 4. . She would put an 5. into one of Helen's hands and spell the word into her other hand.
stubborn
broke
unbearable
touching
expanded
complex
thinking
Characters Time What happened
Helen Before Anne came to her home Helen was very 6. and angry.She often
7. things when she was not understood. Such behaviour was 8. .
After Anne came to her home Helen began to learn words by 9. ，and she even could understand the key to language. Her vocabulary 10. ，and she could ask more and more questions, which led her to discover more 11. words and changed her 12. processes.
Step 3 Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．Now that Helen understood the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]
既然海伦理解了语言之谜，她非常渴望学习更多的词语并尽
可能多地运用它们。
她的话使我感到非常困惑，因为那时我若不用手触摸就什么都不理解。
3．The word “think” was also a difficult one for Helen but she had a breakthrough while working on a simple task.
[句式分析] while working ...为状语从句的省略形式，完整句子为：while she was working ...
[尝试翻译]
“思考”这个词对海伦来说也是一个很难学的词，但是在做一件简单
的事情时，她取得了突破性的进展。
4．It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word—a word for something she couldn't touch.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]
这是海伦第一次理解这样一个复杂的词——一个她触摸不到实物的词。
1．severe adj.严重的；严厉的；剧烈的
(P10)With these severe restrictions on her communication，Helen's behaviour was often unbearable.
因为交流上有这些严重的障碍，海伦的行为经常令人难以忍受。
(1)be severe with/on... 对……严格/严厉
(2)severely adv. 严重地
Was his mother too severe on/with him?
她的母亲是不是对他太严厉了？
Anyone breaking the law will be severely punished.
任何违反法律的人都将被严惩。
[即学活用] 完成句子
①The party during the last election.
该党在上次选举中遭到惨败。
②The courts young offenders.
法庭对少年犯的处罚趋于严厉。
suffered severe losses
are becoming more severe on/with
2．restriction n．限制，约束
(P10)With these severe restrictions on her communication，Helen's behaviour was often unbearable.
因为交流上有这些严重的障碍，海伦的行为经常令人难以忍受。
(1)restriction n． 限制，约束
make/place restrictions on 限制……
speed restrictions 速度限制
(2)restrict vt. 限制，限定；约束
restrict one's freedom 限制某人的自由
restrict...to... 把……限制在……(to是介词，后跟名词或动名词)
The government placed/made restrictions on the number of foreign cars that could be imported.
政府限制进口车的数量。
These clothes restrict your freedom of movement.
这些衣服使你行动不便。
I restrict myself to one cup of coffee a day.
我限制自己每天只喝一杯咖啡。
[即学活用] 完成句子
①We the number of students per class 30.
我们将每个班学生的人数限定为30。
②Having small children tends to .
有年幼的孩子往往会限制你的自由。
restrict
to
restrict your freedom
3．eager adj.渴望的，热衷的
(P11)．..she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.
……她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多地使用它们。
be eager for sth. 渴望某物
be eager to do sth. 渴望干某事
be eager for sb.to do sth. 渴望某人做某事
be eager that...(should) do sth.
渴望……(从句多用虚拟语气)
When I was in trouble，I was eager for your help.
当我处于困境时，我渴望得到你的帮助。
I was eager to get back to work as soon as possible.
当时我渴望尽早回来工作。
The foreman is eager that all the workers (should) come on time.
这个工头急着要所有工人都按时来。
[即学活用] 句型转换
①I'm eager for more information about your activity.
→I'm eager about your activity.
②He is eager for his parents to buy a new bike.
→He is eager that a new bike.
to get more information
his parents (should) buy
4．expand v．扩大，扩充；使膨胀；详述
(P11)As Helen's knowledge and vocabulary expanded，she asked more and more questions.
随着知识不断拓展、词汇不断丰富，海伦问的问题越来越多。
(1)expand...into... 把……扩展/发展成……
expand into... 扩展/膨胀成……
expand on/upon sth. 详述某事；充分叙述某事
(2)expansion n. 扩张，扩大；膨胀
As children grow older they expand their interests and become more confident.
随着孩子的成长，他们的兴趣会变广，且会变得更自信。
He later expanded on/upon his statement.
他后来详细陈述了他的声明。
The teacher asked students to expand a sentence into a story.
老师要求学生们将一句话扩展成一个故事。
[即学活用] 单句语法填空
①Could you expand that point，please?
②The company has abandoned plans for further (expand)．
on/upon
expansion
5．bring in请……来；赚得，挣；介绍，引进
(P10)Anne Sullivan was brought in to help Helen.
安妮·沙利文被请来帮助海伦。
bring about 造成，引起
bring down 降低
bring out 使……显现；把……拿出来
bring up 提出(讨论等)；抚养(某人)
A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the destruction of the rainforests.
对热带雨林的破坏给环境带来了很大的危害。
[即学活用] (1)写出下列句中bring in 的汉语意思
①I'd like to bring in Doctor Hall here and ask him for his views.
②Much to their disappointment，the new equipment they brought in turned out to be an abandoned set.
③If you live in the capital, renting a room out during the Olympics or other big events could bring in money.
请……来
引进
赚得
(2)单句语法填空
④We aim to bring prices on all our computers.
⑤He brought a practical plan in the meeting, which brought the cost of production.
down
up
down
1．I thought it strange that my teacher could not show me love.
我感到奇怪的是，老师不能告诉我什么是爱。
本句中it为形式宾语，strange为形容词作宾语补足语，that从句为真正的宾语。除了形容词作宾语补足语外，名词也常作宾补。
I find it hard to do the job well.
我发现做好这项工作很难。
I think it our duty to help the poor.
我认为帮助穷人是我们的责任。
No matter where he is，he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.
无论他在哪里，他都把早餐之前去散步作为惯例。
[即学活用] (1)单句语法填空
①You can rely on that he will come on time.
你可以相信他会准时来的。
(2)句型转换
②We think it is necessary that we go home.(改为简单句)
→We think it home.
it
necessary to go
2．The word “think” was also a difficult one for Helen but she had a breakthrough while working on a simple task.
“思考”这个词对海伦来说也是一个难学的词，但是在做一件简单的事情时，她取得了突破性的进展。
while working on...相当于while she was working on...为时间状语从句的省略。
(1)当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句谓语动词中又含有连系动词be时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。
(2)当从句的主语是it，谓语动词中又含有连系动词be时，可以把it和连系动词be一起省略。此时构成“连词(if/unless/when/whenever)＋形容词”的结构。
He went through the papers while (he was) having breakfast.
他边吃早饭边浏览报纸。
Once (it is) begun，the research is hard to stop.
一旦开始，这项研究很难被中止。
Unless (it is) necessary，you'd better not refer to the dictionary.
除非有必要，你最好不要查词典。
[即学活用] 用状语从句的省略形式改写下列句子
①He waved his hand to me as if he was to have something to tell me.
→He waved his hand to me something to tell me.
②He looked everywhere as if he was in search of something.
→He looked everywhere .
③When I was waiting for a bus, I met Tom.
→When , I met Tom.
as if to have
as if in search of something
waiting for a bus
3．It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word—a word for something she couldn't touch.
这是海伦第一次理解这样一个复杂的词——一个她触摸不到实物的词。
(1)It was the first time that...“这是(某人)第一次……”，that引导的从句用过去完成时，此处that可省略。
It was the second time that I had been to Beijing.
这是我第二次去北京。
(2)It/That/This is/was the first/second/ ... time (that) ...是一固定句型，表示“这是第一次/第二次……”。当主句用was时，从句用过去完成时；当主句用is时，从句用现在完成时。
This is the first time that I have been abroad.
这是我第一次出国。
[名师点津] The first/second/ ...time引导时间状语从句时，主从句中的谓语动词常用一般过去时。
The first time I read the book, I was attracted by it.
我第一次读这本书时，就被其吸引住了。
[即学活用] 单句语法填空
①It is the third time that he (hold) an art exhibition.
②It seemed to him that this was the first time he ever really (see) his mother.
③The first time I (visit) the West Lake, I was attracted by its beauty.
④It was the first time that they (have) a picnic and enjoyed themselves.
has held
had
seen
visited
had had
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．There is a severe (restrict) against smoking in schools.
2．I wasn't there，but (apparent) the concert was amazing.
3．Cinemas may (gradual) be replaced by TVs and computers in the next century.
4．Now you have a good chance，why can't you grasp it?
5．Parents don't punish their children so (severe) these days.
6．He's eager that they (come) to see him.
restriction
apparently
gradually
that
severely
(should) come
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．That was the most terrible experience that I had in Paris.
2．With the development of economy, factory workers have been gradual replaced by machines.
3．Now that everyone is here, so the meeting can start.
4．The matter relating to people's health surely requires dealing with carefully.
5．The two boys are so alike that strangers find difficult to tell one from the other.
在had前面加上had
gradual→gradually
去掉so
relating→related
在find后面加上it
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．This is the first time that .
这是我第一次来俄罗斯。
2．Ten days later，the man returned home， .
十天后这个人回到了家，又饿又累。
3．They where they are to hold the conference.
他们还没有宣布在哪里举行会议。
I have been in Russia
hungry and tired
haven't made it known
4． , I am writing to inform you of some relevant details.
既然你想了解一些中国餐桌礼仪，我写信是想告诉你一些相关的细节。
5．Learn to keep up a good state of mind on your way to achieving your dream.
在你实现梦想的途中遇到艰难困苦时，要学会保持良好的心态。
Now that you want to know something about Chinese table manners
when (you are) coming across hardship
(共39张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Communication Workshop
课前 自主预习
课堂 合作探究
随堂 即时巩固
写作 能力提升
基础知识自测
单词预习
awkward
tense
dizzy
clumsy
tiresome
applaud
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1. adj. 笨拙的；令人不舒服的
2. adj. 紧张的
3. adj. 头晕目眩的
4. adj. 笨拙的；不得体的
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1. adj.讨厌的，令人厌倦的→tired adj.感到疲倦的，厌烦的→tiring adj.令人厌烦的
2. vi.& vt.鼓掌→applause n．鼓掌，掌声 魔变记忆
1.awkward adj；笨拙的；令人不舒服的
[反义] pleasing, pleasant, easy, comfortable
2.tense adj.紧张的
[同义] nervous, uneasy
[反义] loose, relaxed
短语研习
about/of
at
of
over
up
over
重点短语
1．remind sb. sth.提醒某人某事
2．look down 朝下看，低头看
3．instead 代替
4．fall 摔倒
5．climb 爬(上)
6．knock 碰倒，打翻 常用词块
1．the poetry reading competition 诗歌朗诵比赛
2．come last 最后一名
3．go wrong 出错，出故障
4．wait for ages 等很久
5．a memorable day 一个值得纪念的日子
句型博习
The instant they arrived at the tea house
原句展示 句型提炼 迁移应用
1.The day started to go wrong the instant I left home.
我一离开家，这一天就开始出乱子了。 the instant引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……” , the foreign students were attracted by the unique tea pots and tea cups.
一到达茶馆，外国学生就被独特的茶壶和茶杯所吸引了。
The more you know about our
traditional culture，
原句展示 句型提炼 迁移应用
2.The more I looked down，the redder my face became.
我越往下看，我的脸就变得越红。 “the＋比较级 ..., the＋比较级．..”表示“越……就越……”
the more you are interested in it.
你对我们传统文化的了解越多，你对它越感兴趣。
1．tense adj.紧张的，拉紧的v.(使)紧张
(P12)I felt tense and dizzy.
我感到紧张和眩晕。
(1)be/get tensed up 变得神经紧张
(2)tense n. 时态
tension n. 紧张，压力
The passengers got tensed up when they heard the ship was robbed.
当乘客们听说这艘船遭到抢劫时，他们变得紧张起来。
The verb is in the present tense.
这个动词使用的是现在时态。
He is suffering from nervous tension；we should understand him.
他正在遭受神经紧张之苦，我们应该理解他。
[即学活用] 翻译句子
①There is a tense expression on her face.
②I am often tensed up when I face the camera.
她的脸上露出紧张的表情。
面对镜头时，我常变得紧张起来。
2．applaud vi.& vt.鼓掌；称赞；赞许
(P12)When I left the stage people didn't applaud very loudly and it came as no surprise that I was last in the competition.
当我离开舞台的时候，人们的鼓掌并不十分响亮，所以我并不惊讶我是竞赛中的最后一名。
(1)applaud one's plan 赞成某人的计划
applaud sb.for sth. 为某事赞许某人
(2)applause n. [U]鼓掌，喝彩
thunderous applause 雷鸣般的掌声
a round of applause 一阵喝彩
We applaud your plan；you can go ahead with it.
我们赞同你的计划；你要为此努力。
Her speech drew enthusiastic applause.
她的演讲赢得了热烈的掌声。
They applauded him for his courage and determined to learn from him.
他们因他的勇气而称赞他，并决心向他学习。
She got a round of applause when she finished.
她结束的时候获得一阵掌声。
[名师点津] applause作名词时，意为“掌声，鼓掌”，是不可数名词。
[即学活用] 单句语法填空
①The president (applaud) for his strong support of the bill.
②The audience gave the performer a burst of (applaud)．
was applauded
applause
3．remind sb.of/about sth.提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事
(P12)At school，Mr Fan，the English teacher，reminded me about the poetry reading competition.
在学校，英语老师范老师，提醒我有关诗歌朗诵比赛的事。
remind sb.(not) to do sth. 提醒某人(不)做某事
remind sb.that... 使某人想起……
The boy's experience reminded me of/about my childhood.
这个孩子的经历使我想起了我的童年时代。
Remember to remind me to get up early tomorrow morning.
记住明天早上提醒我早起。
He reminded me that I should have been more careful.
他提醒我说我应该更仔细些。
[名师点津] “提醒某人做某事”应该用“remind sb.to do sth.”，而表示“使某人想起做过某事”，则用“remind sb.of/about doing sth.”。
[即学活用] 完成句子
①This together during our holiday.
这使我想起了在假期里我们一起做过的一切。
② Mary before I leave.
提醒我离开前给玛丽打个电话。
③The sight of the clock .
看到钟表使我想起我已经迟到了。
reminds me of what we did
Remind me to call
reminded me that I was late
4．go wrong弄错，出毛病；不顺利，出现问题
(P12)The day started to go wrong the instant I left home.
我刚一离开家，这一天就开始不对头。
(1)go deaf/blind/mad/crazy/hungry耳聋/眼瞎/发疯/挨饿
(2)go bad/sour/bald 变质/变酸/变秃
Should anything go wrong，let me know at once.
要是出了什么问题，就立即通知我。
Something went wrong with his phone at that time.I couldn't get through to him.
当时他的手机出了毛病，我打不通他的电话。
Meat goes bad easily in such hot weather.
在如此炎热的天气里，肉容易变质。
[名师点津] go wrong属于系表结构，go用作系动词，意为“变成；处于……状态”，后接形容词作表语。表示状态的改变时，通常指由好变坏或由正常变为不正常。
[易混辨析] get，become，go，turn
She became a lawyer.＝She turned lawyer.
她成了一名律师。
get/become 多指人的情绪、身体状况以及天气、社会的变化
go 多指人或事物向不好的方面变化
turn 多指颜色的变化
[名师点津] become与turn都可以接名词作表语，但是become后的名词前有冠词，turn后的名词前无冠词且常用单数。
[即学活用] 选词填空： get, become, go, turn
①He worked hard and finally he successful.
②When she saw this, her face red.
③The meat has sour in such hot weather.
④Hearing what he said, the teacher angry.
became
turned
gone
got/became
The day started to go wrong the instant I left home.
我一离开家，这一天就开始出乱子了。
the instant在句中起连词作用，引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”。
The instant Tom saw his teacher, he ran away.
汤姆一看见他的老师就跑开了。
Please send me an e?mail the instant you reach Yunnan.
请你一到云南就给我发电子邮件。
I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast.
吃完早饭我立即到那里去。
I want to see her the minute/moment she arrives.
她一到，我就想见她。
Hardly had the plane landed when the people ran toward it.
飞机刚一着陆，人们就向它跑去。
[即学活用] 句型转换
①I'll tell my father the good news instantly I see him.
→I'll tell my father the good news I see him.
②Scarcely had the discussion begun when it was interrupted.
→ the discussion begun it was interrupted.
③I left as soon as the clock struck 12.
→I left the clock struck 12.
the instant/moment/minute
No sooner had
than
immediately/instantly/directly
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The crowd applauded the performance five minutes.
2．No sooner (have) he arrived than he was asked to leave again.
3．You remind me my own experience when you say that.
4．The more careful you are, the (good) results you will get.
for
had
of/about
better
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Please often remind yourself your weak points.
2．The higher you will stand, the further you can see.
3．No sooner did the meeting come to a close when he received a phone call from the company.
4．It is strange that little Tom should understand so a difficult problem.
5．The instant when he got the news，he burst out laughing.
在yourself后面加上of
去掉will
when→than
so→such
去掉when
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．I am a bit worried that .
我担心要出什么事了。
2．He headed for the door .
他一听见敲门声就去开门。
3．The more you read， .
你读得越多，收获就越大。
4．That story I had long ago.
这故事使我想起很久以前的一次经历。
something might go wrong
the instant/immediately he heard the knock
the more you will get
reminds me of/about an experience
叙事类记叙文写作
本单元的写作任务是写一篇叙事类记叙文。此类记叙文以叙述一件事为主，说明事情发生的时间、地点、前因后果及人物。着重说明事情的起因、经过和结果。
注意事项：
1．基本结构：通常由开头、主体和结尾三部分组成。
2．时态：通常用一般过去时。
3．人称：一般用第一人称或者第三人称来叙述事件。
常用表达
1．It is such an interesting experience that I will not forget it forever.
2．All of us have learned a lot from this activity.
3．It was a beautiful day and the sun was shining.
4．I felt happy to have spent such a nice day with them.
5．On the way to school，I met a stranger...
6．The children were so happy that they all jumped with joy.
7．In my opinion，it's such a meaningful day that we should remember it.
8．The students all benefited a lot from this long journey.
假如你叫李华，你的美国笔友Tom 来信询问你“五一”假期是怎样度过的。请根据以下信息给他回信，谈谈你 “五一”假期中的活动。
写作要点：
1．休息(由于平时学习紧张，缺少锻炼和休息)；
2．看望农村的祖父母(帮助他们做点家务，并跟他们谈了身边的新鲜事)；
3．和朋友进行了短途旅游(欣赏大自然，呼吸新鲜空气)。
注意：
1．词数100 左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[词句推敲]
一、词汇
1．好好休息
2．因为，由于
3．缺少睡眠
4．做家务
5．而且
6．欣赏……的美
have a good rest
as a result of
lack of sleep
do some housework
what's more
enjoy the beauty of...
二、句式
1．因为近期学业负担太重、缺少睡眠和体育锻炼而感到疲惫，所以好好休息了一下。
(一般表达) I had a good rest because I often felt tired as a result of my heavy study burden as well as lack of sleep and physical exercise.
(句式升级) as a result of my heavy study burden as well as lack of sleep and physical exercise，I had a good rest.(现在分词短语作状语)
Feeling tired
2．和生活在农村的爷爷奶奶一起住了两天。
(一般表达) It took me two days to stay with my grandparents who are living in the countryside.
(句式升级) It took me two days to stay with my grandparents
.(现在分词短语作定语)
living in the countryside
3．而且，我和朋友去旅行了，为的是欣赏大自然之美和呼吸新鲜空气。
(一般表达) What's more，I had a trip with my friends so that we could appreciate the beauty of nature and breathe fresh air.
(句式升级) What's more，I had a trip with my friends
.
(动词不定式作目的状语)
to appreciate the beauty of nature and breathe fresh air
[参考范文]
Dear Tom，
I'm very glad to receive your letter.And it's a pleasure to tell you something about how I spent the May Day holiday.
First，feeling tired as a result of my heavy study burden as well as lack of sleep and physical exercise，I had a good rest.Of course，it took me two days to stay with my grandparents living in the countryside and help them do some housework and tell them what happened to me and my friends.What's more，I had a trip with my friends to appreciate the beauty of nature and breathe fresh air.What did you do in your holidays？I'm looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours，
Li Hua
(共60张PPT)
Section Ⅴ Language Awareness 1, Culture Corner & Bulletin Board
课前 自主预习
课堂 合作探究
随堂 即时巩固
语法 专项突破
单元重点小结
基础知识自测
单词预习
surname
occupation
baker
nickname
invade
inherit
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1. n． 姓
2. n. 职业，工作
3. n. 面包师
4. n. 绰号，外号
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1. vt.侵略，侵犯→invader n．侵略者
2. vt.继承→inheritance n．继承 魔变记忆
1.occupation n．职业，工作
[近义] career, job, work
2.inherit vt.继承
[词块] ①inherit a fortune 继承财产
②inherit one's father (子)承父业
③inherit sb.'s job 接某人的班，接替某人的工作
短语研习
in
out
to
from
on
with
重点短语
1． this case 在这种情况下
2．work 算出，解出
3．refer 查阅；提到；涉及；提交
4．distinguish... ... 辨别……与……的不同
5． the other hand 另一方面
6．have a problem /(in) doing sth.做某事有困难 常用词块
1．make sense 有意义
2．rather than 而不是
3．make notes 做笔记
4．over the years 多年以来
5．have a collection of... 有个……收藏集
6．have one's hair cut 理发
7．domestic violence 家庭暴力
句型博习
to reduce the waste of water
原句展示 句型提炼 迁移应用
1.The Chinese were the first nation of people to use surnames about 2,500 years ago.
大约在2 500年前中华民族率先使用了姓氏。 不定式短语
作后置定语 This is the only way we can think of
.
这是我们能想到的减少水资源浪费的唯一方法。
Even if/though he had the money
原句展示 句型提炼 迁移应用
2.A son or daughter might inherit a nickname as a surname even if they themselves did not share the particular characteristic.
儿子或女儿可能因袭一个绰号作为自己的姓氏，而他们本人却并不带有这种特点。 even if“即使，尽管”，引导让步状语从句 ，he wouldn't buy it.
他即使有钱也不会买它。
1．present vt.呈现；赠予，送给；提出，递交；介绍
(P15)Some adverts present us with a puzzle...
有些广告给我们呈现一个谜……
(1)present sb. with sth.
＝ present sth. to sb. 赠送某人某物
(2)(be) present at 出席
(be) absent from 缺席
(3)at present ＝ at the present time 现在，目前
for the present 暂时，暂且
David's manager presented him with the award for best sales in the region.
＝David's manager presented the award to him for best sales in the region.
戴维的经理向他颁发了本地区最佳销售奖。
All the people (who were) present at the party were his supporters.
参加聚会的所有人都是他的支持者。
I've got enough money for the present, but I must go to the bank tomorrow.
我的钱暂时还够用，但我明天必须去银行(取款)。
At present the multi?media classrooms in our school are available.
目前我们学校的多媒体教室可以使用了。
[名师点津] present表示“出席的，到场的”时，作表语或后置定语；表示“目前的，现在的”时，作前置定语。
The audience present burst out laughing.
在场的观众突然大笑起来。
The present situation is taking a turn for the better.
目前形势正在好转。
[巧学助记] At present, the Santa Claus is present in the street and is going to present the Christmas presents to the children.
现在，圣诞老人出现在街道上，要把圣诞礼物赠送给孩子们。
[即学活用] 完成句子
①There were 200 people .
有200人出席了会议。
②Who is ?
谁是现在的房主？
③The children .
孩子们献花给老师们。
present at the meeting
the present owner of the house
presented flowers to their teachers/presented their teachers with flowers
Funds are available to assist teachers who want to attend the conference.
想要参加大会的教师可获得资助。
Detailed information about our product is available in this brochure.
这本小册子里面有我们产品的详细资料。
There's no money available for tax cuts this year.
今年没钱减税。
[即学活用] 完成句子
① (没有座位) in the bus when he got on.
②We should treasure (可利用的资源)．
③At present, not enough data (为……利用) scientists.
There was no seat available
available resources
is available to
[名师点津] 在have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.结构中，difficulty和trouble前可用much, great, no, little等词来修饰。
There is no doubt that I have little difficulty communicating with foreigners.
毫无疑问，我与外国人交流几乎没有什么困难。
[即学活用] 单句语法填空
①If you have any trouble in (learn) English, I can help you.
②Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time (pass) the exam.
③It has become a heated issue that college students have difficulty
(find) jobs.
learning
passing
finding
4．make sense有意义；讲得通
(P15)Some adverts present us with a puzzle; they show an unusual image which at first doesn't make sense.
有些广告给我们呈现一个谜；它们展示一个不寻常的画面，让我们开始时感到不解。
make sense of 理解，弄懂
make no sense 没意义，没道理
in no sense 决不(位于句首时用部分倒装)
It doesn't make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.
仅为了节省几美元而买最便宜品牌的电脑不明智。
It makes no sense to translate this sentence word by word.
这个句子如果逐字翻译就没有意义了。
We've been trying to make sense of our dreams.
我们一直试图理解梦的含义。
[即学活用] 翻译句子
①这个句子讲不通。
②我绝不会向她道歉的。
This sentence doesn't make sense.
In no sense will I say sorry to her.
5．refer to提到，谈到；参考，查阅；涉及，关于
(P15)At first, the words seem to refer to domestic violence, but then we realise the advert is a warning about eating high?fat food!
一开始，这些话似乎是指家庭暴力，但是后来我们就会意识到这个广告是对吃高脂肪食物的一种警告！
refer... to... 把……提交给/委托给……
refer to... as... 把……看作/称为……
Smoking is usually referred to as a bad habit.
抽烟通常被看作是一个坏习惯。
[即学活用] (1)写出下列句中refer to的汉语意思
①He never referred to his sisters in his letters.
②If you don't know the spelling of a word, you should refer to a dictionary.
③When I said some people were stupid, I wasn't referring to Jim.
④The case referred to has been presented to the supreme law court
(最高法院)．
⑤The special patient was referred to a specialist for treatment.
谈到，提到
查阅
指的是
相关，涉及
把……提交
(2)单句语法填空
⑥Complete the exercise without (refer)to a dictionary.
⑦She made no (refer) to her illness but only to her future plans.
referring
reference
The Chinese were the first nation of people to use surnames about 2,500 years ago.
大约在2 500年前中华民族就率先使用了姓氏。
本句为简单句，不定式短语to use surnames作后置定语，修饰名词短语the first nation of people，此时名词短语与use之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。当被修饰词为序数词或被序数词修饰时，通常用不定式作后置定语。
Mo Yan is the first Chinese writer to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
莫言是第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国作家。
Susan was the third to arrive at the office.
苏珊是第三个到达办公室的。
I have no courage to try again after failure.
失败后我没有勇气再去尝试。
[即学活用] 单句语法填空
①This is the best way (solve) the problem.
②He is the only person (witness) the accident.
③Under no circumstances will China be the first (use) nuclear weapons.
to solve
to witness
to use
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It is said that a new shopping mall is being built in the city present.
2．I don't know whether the girls will make sense this long speech.
3．You rather than I (be) going to go camping.
4．He cooked dinner by referring a cookbook.
5．Women and children were the first (get) into the life boats.
at
of
are
to
to get
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．It doesn't make a sense for parents to give children whatever they want.
2．Rather than to go there by air, I prefer to take the slowest train.
3．You don‘t like your job? On that case，why don’t you leave？
4．It is I, rather than you, who are to blame.
去掉a
去掉第一个to
On→In
are→am
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Do you know the office last night?
你知道昨天晚上谁最后一个离开办公室的吗？
2．According to my friend, the up?to?date version.
按照我朋友的说法，买最新版本是明智的。
3．We should practice economy, .
即使生活富裕了，也应该厉行节约。
4． that he left early.
我根本没有注意到他早退了。
5．I in a day.
我一天内完成这项工作有困难。
who was the last to leave
it makes sense to buy
even if/though we are rich
In no case have I noticed
have a problem in finishing the work
have/get sth. donet和have/get sb./sth.doing/do
①I had my hair cut last week, but it looks horrible.
②Next month I'm going to get my bike repaired.
③I had my pocket picked on the subway.
④I got my leg injured while playing football.
⑤I should like to have you meet Mr. Davis.
⑥Can you get us to do the experiment?
⑦I won't have you smoking in the sitting room.
⑧Let me try now.I'll get the car starting.
[自我探究]
1．例句①②③④均为 作宾语补足语，但例句③④表示主语遭受到意外的不幸或损失。
2．例句⑤⑥均为 作宾语补足语，但have后的不定式不带to，而get后的不定式带to。
3．例⑦⑧均为 作宾语补足语。
过去分词
不定式(短语)
现在分词(短语)
一、“have/get sth. done”结构的应用
1．用法
(1)done所表示的动作可以是主语发出的，也可以是主语要求别人发出的；
(2)宾语sth.与过去分词所表示的动作之间是动宾关系。
2．含义
(1)让/请别人为自己做某事
I had/got my TV set repaired yesterday.
昨天我叫人把我的电视机修理了一下。
(2)遭遇某种不好或不幸的事情
Be careful, or you'll have/get your hands hurt.
当心，否则你会弄伤手的。
Tom had his leg broken while playing football.
汤姆踢足球时，一条腿摔断了。
(3)使某事被完成(自己也有可能参加)
He had/got the job done before the end of the month.
他在月底前完成了那项工作。
[即学活用] (1)单句语法填空
①He has had his bike (repair)．
②She is going to have her new clothes (make) by a young tailor.
(2)翻译句子
③史密斯先生的农场在这次洪水中被冲毁了。
④I had my wallet stolen on the bus.
repaired
made
Mr.Smith had/got his farm destroyed in the flood.
我的钱包在公交车上被偷了。
二、“have/get sb./sth. doing/do”结构的应用
1．have sb./sth. doing“使/让某人持续地做某事(现在分词表示主动和进行的动作)”
get sb./sth. doing“使某人/物开始行动起来”
The peasants had the tractor working day and night at the harvest time.
农忙时，农民们让拖拉机白天黑夜不停地干活。
The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.
休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线继续行进。
[名师点津] “have sb. doing”若用于否定句，have有“容忍；容许”之意。
I won't have you doing nothing all day at all.
我不能容许你整天无所事事。
2．have sb. do sth.或get sb. to do sth.都表示“使/让某人做某事”
Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.
母亲让我去商店买些盐。
I can't get him to stop smoking.
我无法让他戒烟。
[名师点津] have sth. to do表示“有某事要做”，动词不定式表示将来的动作，作定语修饰sth.，其逻辑主语为句子主语。
[巧学助记] get/have 用法口诀
get，have很多变，动词宾补有多种。
宾语宾补为被动，过去分词要使用。
宾语宾补为主动，二者宾补也不同。
have后原形或doing，get后用to do或doing。
[即学活用] (1)单句语法填空
①The novelist had the victim (talk) about the volcanic eruption.
②I will not have you (talk) to Mother like that.
③If you did such a tiresome thing, you would get everybody (tease) you.
(2)单句改错
④It is so cold this morning that it's hard to get the car run.
⑤Don't worry. I'll get Tom help you soon.
⑥He always has his workers work all night.
talk
talking
teasing
run→running
help前加to
work→working
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The air has leaked (漏) out of this football. Could you get it (blow) up?
2．Tom, could you get the photo (develop) for me, please?
3．—Hurry up! Don't have the car (wait) at the gate.
—I'll be ready after I have my son (dress)．
4．They have already had some everyday words (add) to the new edition of the dictionary.
blown
developed
waiting
dressed
added
5．—Did Peter fix the computer himself?
—He had it (fix), because he doesn't know much about computers.
6．—Did you have trouble with your car last night?
—Yes, but I finally managed to get it (start)．
7．The building had been out of condition for years, so we decided to get
it (rebuild)．
8．There is something wrong with the brake of my new car, and I'll have to have it (check)．
fixed
started
rebuilt
checked
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Do you have anything to the city by me?
你有什么东西需要我带到城里去吗？
2． before six o'clock this afternoon.
我将在今天下午6点之前完成我的工作。
3． for firewood.
我已经把所有的树枝截成段做柴火了。
4．He dropped from a tree and .
他从树上掉下来，左胳膊骨折了。
5．Your mobile phone doesn't work，and you'd better .
你的手机坏了，你最好找人修一下。
to be taken
I will have/get my job finished
I have had/got all the branches cut up
had/got his left arm broken
get/have it repaired
单元重点小结
[单词回扣]
(一)阅读词汇写其义
1．tiresome adj.
2．tense adj.
3．biography n．
4．fantasy n．
5．architecture n．
6．vivid adj.
7．former adj.
讨厌的，令人厌倦的
紧张的
传记
想象(幻想)物
建筑
生动的，逼真的
以前的
8．apparent adj.
9．awkward adj.
10．monument n．
11．victim n．
12．precious adj.
13．specific adj.
14．clumsy adj.
明显的，显而易见的
笨拙的；令人不舒服的
纪念碑，纪念堂
受害者
宝贵的，珍贵的
详细的；特定的
笨拙的；不得体的
(二)表达词汇写其形
1． v．鼓掌
2． vi.发生
3． n．同情
4． vi.爆炸；冲，闯
5． v．目击
6． n．遗失，丢失
7． vi.& vt.聚集
8． n．悲伤，难过
applaud
occur
sympathy
burst
witness
loss
gather
sorrow
9． v．扩大，扩充
10． n．艰苦，困苦
11． adj.严重的；严厉的
12． adj.渴望的；热衷的
13． adj.复杂的
14． n．突破，重大发现
15． vt.放弃；遗弃
16． vt.保护，保存
expand
hardship
severe
eager
complex
breakthrough
abandon
preserve
(三)拓展词汇灵活用
1． n．限制，约束→ vt.限制，约束
2． n．痛苦，困难→ v．遭受
3． adv.特别地，特定地→ adj.特别的；挑剔的
4． adj.反常的，不正常的→ adj.正常的；通常的
5． adj.令人钦佩的，极佳的→ vt.尊敬；钦佩→
n．尊敬；钦佩
restriction
restrict
suffering
suffer
particularly
particular
abnormal
normal
admirable
admire
admiration
6． n．重要性；意义→ adj.重大的；有重要意义的
7． adj.不能忍受的→ adj.可忍受的→ v．忍耐
8． adj.音乐的 n．音乐剧，音乐片→ n．音乐→
n．音乐家
9． vt.使泄气，使灰心→ adj.气馁的，泄气的→
n．勇气→ vt.鼓励
significance
significant
unbearable
bearable
bear
musical
music
musician
discourage
discouraged
courage
encourage
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．It is reported that Lily is about dress, when she attends the opening ceremony of her new film.(particular)
2．Because of his success in playing basketball, many teenagers
Jeremy Lin and think he deserves their .(admire)
3．Most students think it to join the English corner, though a few haven't realized the of it.(significant)
particular
particularly
admirable
admire
admiration
significant
significance
4．The old soldier's health greatly from all the that he went through during the war.(suffer)
5．The failure in the English contest my brother. What's worse, he felt in other subjects. In order to help him regain his
and get relaxed, my parents and I all him to take a trip.(courage)
suffered
sufferings
discouraged
discouraged
courage
encouraged
[短语回扣]
(一)根据汉语写出下列短语
1． 以……结束
*2. 容忍，忍受
3． 出现
*4. 撞倒某人
*5. 依靠；指望；确信
6． 理解
7． 从前
end up
put up with
come into view
knock sb.over
count on
figure out
once upon a time
8． 堵住
9． 从某种程度上说
10． 以……命名
*11. 偶然遇见；被理解
*12. 支撑起；延误，推迟
*13. 特别，尤其
14． 查阅；提到；涉及；提交
15． 在去……的路上
16． 既然，由于
block out
in a way
name...after
come across
hold up
in particular
refer to
on the way to
now that
(二)用上面加*号的短语完成下列句子
1．I this book in an old bookstore in London when travelling abroad.
2．His statement refers to people in general, not to anyone .
3．A boy was by a passing car but fortunately he was not hurt severely.
4．I can't your rudeness any more; nor do I want to see you again.
5．You are my best friend. I know I can you for good advice from time to time.
6．Women are playing a more and more important part in society—they
half the sky.
came across
in particular
knocked over
put up with
count on
hold up
[句式回扣]
1．now that引导原因状语从句
既然你对中国的传统文化很感兴趣，我认为这个节日很值得你去体验一下。
, I thought this festival would be a worthwhile experience for you.
2．It is/was＋the＋序数词＋time (＋that)．..
我感到有点紧张，因为那是我第一次在公众面前演讲。
I was feeling a bit nervous because
.
Now that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture
it was the first time that I had given
a speech in public
3．形容词(短语)作状语
由于抽不出时间，我不得不放弃这个计划。
，I had to give up the plan.
4．unless
除非你全身心地投入到你的工作中，否则很难获得成功。
You will never gain success .
5．The instant...
她对这个小伙子一见钟情，对周围的其他人都不理不睬。
，she fell in love with him and became blind to all else around her.
Unable to afford the time
unless you are fully devoted to your work
The instant she saw the young man
I was walking home and at this time
.
an old man who was begging by the
road came into view
②他在街角处蜷缩成一团，感到又冷又饿。
and felt cold and hungry.
③他还得忍受别人的冷嘲热讽。
indifference and ridicule from others.
④他告诉我那是他第一次感到陌生人的温暖。
He told me that .
⑤既然每个人都会变老，那么我们为什么不能好好善待我们的父母呢？
，why not treat our parents kindly?
He huddled at the street corner
He had to put up with
it was the first time that he had felt the warmth from a stranger
Now that everyone will get old
2．升级平淡句
(1)用“be doing...when...”句型升级句①
.
(2)用形容词(短语)作伴随状语升级句②
.
I was walking home when an old man who was begging by the road came into view
He huddled at the street corner，cold and hungry
3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：in addition, after that)
.
I was walking home when an old man who was begging by the road
came into view
He huddled at the street corner, cold and hungry. In addition, he had to put up with indifference and ridicule from others. I didn't figure out how he arrived here. Was he abandoned by his own sons and daughters? Without hesitation, I tried my best to help him. He told me that it was the first time that he had felt the warmth from a stranger. After that, I was deep in thought: now that everyone will get old, why not treat our parents kindly？
