Unit 3 Could you please clean your room？单元知识点讲义

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台


Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?讲义

一、词性转换



Section A
1. sweep → (pt.)swept
2. throw → (pt.) threw
3. fold→ (pt.) folded
Section B
1. lend → (pt.) lent
2. hate → (pt.) hated
3. stress → (v.) stress
4. waste → (v.) waste
5. provide → (pt.) provided
6. depend→ (pt.)depended
7. independence →(adj.) independent
8. fairness → (adj.) fair
9. unfair →(反义词)fair




二、短语归纳



1. do the dishes 洗餐具 2. take out the rubbish
倒垃圾
3. fold your clothes
叠衣服
4. sweep the floor 扫地
5. make your/the bed 整理床铺 6. go out for dinner 出去吃饭
7. throw down 扔下 8. in surprise 惊讶地
9. hang out 闲逛
10. hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事
11. do chores 做杂务 12. enough stress足够的压力
13. in order to为了
14. provide sth. for sb.
向某人提供某物
15. get good grades取得好成绩16. mind doing sth. 介意做某事
17. depend on依赖;依靠 18. look after 照顾，照看
19. keep it clean and tidy
保持它干净整洁
20. get into 进入
21. take care of 照顾 22. as a result 结果
23. do one’ s part in (doing ) sth. 做某人分内的事 24. get a ride 搭车
25. stay out late
在外面待到很晚


三、句型集萃



1. Could you please help out with a few things? 你能帮忙做些事情吗？
2.Mom will be back from shopping at any minute now. And she won’t be happy if she sees this mess.
妈妈现在随时都会购物回来，如果她看到这些一团糟，会不高兴的。
3.The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over. 当我坐在电视机前时，我妈妈过来了。
4. I finally understand that we need to share homework to have a clean and comfortable home.
我最终明白我们需要分担家务，以便拥有一个干净舒适的家。
5.I don’t understand why some parents make their kids help with homework and chores at home.
我不明白为什么一些父母要让他们的孩子在家帮忙做家务。




四、重点句子



1. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over.
我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。
【解析1】the minute = as soon as “一...... 就......” ★
Ex. Please write to me the minute you get there. 你一到那里就请写信给我。
【解析2】 辨析in front of和in the front of ★
in front of：指在物体外部的前面 Ex. There is a bike in front of the classroom.
in the front of：指在物体内部的前面 Ex. Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom.
1. The driver sat in the front of he car.
2. The policeman stood in front of the car.
3. The teacher’s desk is in the front of the classroom.
4. The trees are in front of the classroom.
( ) 5. At last the taxi stopped ______ a tall building, and we all got off.
A. in front B. in the front C. in front of D. in the front of
【注意】有the无the区别大:
at table：吃饭，进餐 in hospital：住院
at the table：在桌边 in the hospital：在医院（不一定看病）
【解析3】come over 过来
【拓展】 come 短语：★★★
come across（偶然）发现 come back 回来 come up with想出
come true实现 come down下来 come from=be from来自,出生于
come in/into进入,进来 come on赶快,加油 come along走吧,过来,快点
come and go来来去去 come up上来 come out出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来
( )1. I?am?sure?those?scientists?will?______?a?way?to?solve?the?difficult?problem.
?A.?put?up?????????????B.?come?up?with????? C.?look?up????????????? D.?come?up?
( )2. It is said that a new novel will ______ at the end of this month.
A. go out B. come out C. look out D. run out

2. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house! ★
你总是看电视，从不帮忙做家务！
【解析】all the time = always 一直；总是
【拓展】与time相关的短语：
on time 按时 in time 及时 at the same time同时
form time to time偶尔 the first time 第一次 at times 有时
time and time again 一再；经常 last time上次 next time 下次
( )1.We all know that the earth moves around the sun _____.
A. on time B. at times C. all the time D. in time
( ) 2.【山东东营】Tom didn’t go to school _____ this morning because he overslept.
A. at once B. on time C. by accident D. at present

3. I’m just as tired as you are! 我和你一样累！★
【解析】as...as ... 和......一样...... 用于同级比较。 第一个as 后接形容词或副词原级，第二个as为连词，引导比较状语从句。否定形式为not as/so…as… 意为“不如……”
Ex. My son is as tall as yours. 我儿子和你儿子一样高。
Lesson 2 is not as difficult as Lesson 1. 第二课没有第一课那么难。
( ) 1.【2017山东临沂】When an earthquake happens, and you are outdoors, you should go to an open area as _____ as possible.
A. quickly B. quietly C. loudly D. slowly
( ) 2.【2017玉林】Liu Ying is good at singing. She sings ______the famous singer, CoCo.
A. as well as B. as good as C. as better as D. as the best as

4. For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I. ★★
一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。
【解析】“neither + 助动词/系动词/情态动词 + 主语”表示：“某人（主语） 也不”neither此处用作副词，意为“也不”。
Ex. He doesn’t like swimming and neither do I. 他不喜欢游泳，我也不喜欢。
He can’t speak German, neither can I. 他不会说德语，我也不会。
用法：（1）neither作代词，意为“两者都不”，谓语动词用单数。
Ex. Neither of my parents is at home. 我父母亲两个都不在家。
（2）neither作形容词，与名词单数连用，意为“两者都不得”。
Ex. Neither answer is right. 两个答案都不对。
（3）neither …nor… 既不…也不… 连接两个词做主语，遵循就近原则，即谓语动词由后一个主语确定。
Ex. Neither Tom nor Jim is a student. 汤姆和提姆都不是学生。
Neither you nor I am right. 你不对，我也不对。
( )1.【潍坊】I have two sisters, but ________of them is a teacher.
A. all B. neither C. both D. none
( )2.【常州中考】He speaks ______English ______French. Instead, he speaks German.
A either; or B not only; but also C both; and D neither; nor
( )3.－Which do you prefer, a CD player or a walkman?
－_____. I prefer a portable computer.
A. Both B. Either C. None D. Neither

5. The next day, my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy. ★
第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。
【解析】find → found →found v.寻找
(1) find sth. + adj. 发现某物… find+宾语+宾语补足语
(2) find sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事
(3) find it + adj. + to do sth. 发现做某事很…… it为形式宾语
Ex. find it difficult/ hard to do sth. 发现做某事很困难
( ) She found ___ hard to finish the work by herself.
A. that B. it’s C. it D. this

6. Could I borrow that book? 我能借下你那本书看吗？★★
Could you lend me some money? 你能借我一些钱吗？
【解析】borrow /lend/keep辨析
(1) borrow 借入，与from 连用，尤指主语“借进来”
用法：borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那里借某物 Ex. You can borrow the book from the library.
(2) lend 借出，与to 搭配，指“借出去”。
用法：lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人
Ex. He doesn’t want to lend his book to others.
(3) keep 保留，保存（延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）指“借一段时间”。
1. I want to borrow a bike from my friend but he didn’t lend it to me.
( ) 2.【宁夏中考】You may ___ the book for two weeks.
A. keep B. borrow C. lend D. buy
( ) 3.【西宁中考】Although you like the book, you may only ______ it for two weeks.
A. borrow B. keep C. lend D. stay.

7. I hate to do chores. 我讨厌做家务。★
【解析】hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事, 表示某次具体行为或动作。
Ex. I hate to trouble him.
hate doing sth.不愿意做某事 表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。
Ex. She hates smoking in her room.

8. Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀请我的朋友们来聚会吗？★
【解析】invite v. → invitation n.邀请
用法：(1) invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
(2) invite sb. to +地点 邀请某人去某地
( ) 1. I’d invite her ________ dinner at my house tomorrow.
A. have B. to have C. having D. had
( ) 2.【2017江西中考4】Lucy is shy. She would not invite her classmates ____ dancing with here.
A. practice B. practice C. practicing D. to practice

9. I don’t understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home.
我不理解为什么有些父母在家让孩子们帮忙做家务和杂务。
【解析】make → made →made v. 做， 制作， 使得 ★★
用法：(1) make sb./sth. do sth. 让某人做某事 Ex. make me laugh
(2) make sb./sth. + 形容词“让某人或某物…” Ex. make you happy
【拓展】make短语: ★★★
make sure 确信 make a dialogue编对话
make a mistake犯错误(由于疏忽) make fun of = laugh at 取笑
make faces做鬼脸 make friends (with)和..交朋友
make room for给..让地方 make tea沏茶
make money赚钱 make a decision作出决定
make the bed 整理床铺 make a living 谋生
( )【湖北鄂州】—I’m very tired these days because of the senior high school entrance examination.
—Why not ______ music? It can make you ______.
A. listen to; relaxed B. to listen to; relaxed C. listen to; relax D. to listen to; to relax

10. They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.为了取得好成绩并考上一所好大学，他们应该把时间用在学习上。
【解析1】spend... on sth. 在某事上花费...... ★
spend/pay/cost/take 辨析★★★
(1) spend→spent→spent v. 花费, 主语是人
sb.+ spend +时间/钱+on sth.
sb. +spend +时间/钱+（in）doing sth.
spend on= pay for 支付
Ex. He spends too much time on the computer games.
(2) pay →paid →paid v. 支付，主语是人
sb.+ pay + 钱+for sth. Ex. I pay 10 yuan for the book.
(3) cost→ cost→ cost v. 花费，主语是某物或某事
sth. cost sb. +钱 某物花费某人多少钱
Ex. A new computer costs me a lot of money.
(4) take→took → taken v. 花费
It takes /took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间
Ex. It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.
( )1. I _____ 10 yuan for that book.
A. spent B. paid C. cost D. take
( )2. Jim spent two hours ___ that house.
A. to draw B. draws C. draw D. drawing
( )3. Remember to spend some time __ your loved ones, because they’re not going to be around forever.
A. from B. with C. in D. on
( ) 4. — How much did you ____ for this computer? — Five hundred dollars.
A. cost B. take C. spend D. pay
( ) 5.【2017四川雅安】I spent $5 this book.
A. in B. to buy C. buying D. Buy
【解析2】in order to “目的是；为了”，后接动词原形。in order to do sth 为了做某事★
【解析3】get into =enter 进入★★
【拓展】与get相关的短语：



get up 起床
get back 返回
get over 克服
get dressed穿衣
get/be lost丢失
get off/on下/上车
get on well with sb.与某人相处得好
get out of从…出来
get ready for +n.为…做准备
get ready to do sth.准备做某事
get a chance 有机会、得到机会
get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡



( )1. —So many problems! I’m tired.
—You should try to them by yourself. You are not a child any longer.
A. get into B. get off C. get on D. get over
( ) 2.【2017新疆乌鲁木齐】If Ted can _______ his difficulties, he’ll make great progress.
A. come over B. get over C. get off D. come out

11. It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.
在家为孩子们提供一个干净、舒适的环境是父母的义务。
【解析】provide v. 提供★
provide sb. with sth. 给某人提供某物
=provide sth. for sb.
provide, offer, supply 辨析：★★★
provide 为应急等做好准备而“提供； 供给” provide sb. with sth. =provide sth. for sb.提供某人某物
offer 侧重表示“愿意给予” offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 对某人提供某物 offer to do sth. 主动提出干某事
supply 定期“供应” , 强调替代或补充所需物品 Supply sb. with sth.=supply sth. to sb. 为某人提供某物
( )1. —Could you please provide us ____ some information about the students’ health?
— Of course, it’s my pleasure.
A. to B. of C. from D. with
( ) 2.【山东东营】The local people like that Italian restaurant because it ____ both delicious food and good service.
A. uses B. wants C. shares D. provides

12. I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework. 我认为对孩子们来说，学习如何做杂务并帮助他们的父母做家务是很重要的。★
【解析】It is important for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是重要的
( )【四川雅安】It is important ____ people ____ learn team spirit.
A. of; of B. of; to C. for; to D. to;to

13. Everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy. 每个人都有责任保持家里的干净和整洁。
【解析1】 do one’s part 尽职责；尽本分★
do one’s part in doing sth. 在做某事上尽职责
【解析2】keep 系动词，“保持” ★★
用法：(1) keep +sth. /sb. +adj. “使......处于某种状态”
(2) keep + adj . “保持；继续” Ex. We must keep healthy.
(3) keep (on) doing sth. 继续做某事 Ex. He was in great pain but he kept on working.
(4) keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事 Ex. I’m sorry to keep you waiting for so long.
1. You should keep (on) practicing English every day. (practice)
2. We should do exercises every day to keep healthy.(保持健康)

14. Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence and teaches them how to look after themselves. 做杂务不仅可以培养孩子们的独立性还可以教他们如何照顾自己。★
【解析】develop independence 培养独立意识
develop v. →development n.发展 →developing adj. 发展的 →developed adj. 发达的
Ex. a developing country 一个发展中国家 a developed country 一个发达国家
Ex. China is a developing country.

15. The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future. ★
孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来越好。
【解析】the + 比较级， the + 比较级 “越...... 越...... ”
( ) 1.【2017重庆】The more you smile, the _______ you will feel.
A. happy B. happier C. happily D. more happily
( )2.【2017黔西南】—Remember this, children. _____careful you are ,______mistakes you will make.
—We know, Mr. Li .
The more; the more B.The fewer; the more
C. The more; the fewer D. The less; the less

重点语法
情态动词could的用法：
原文再现：
Tony, could you please help me out with a few things? 托尼，你可以帮着做几件事情吗？
Peter, could you please take out the trash? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？
以上例句中，情态动词could用于有礼貌地提出要求或请求准许，在时间上与can没有区别，语气要比can委婉、有礼貌。回答时要用can，不能用could.
肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.
否定回答： Sorry , I can’t
( )—Could you help me pass the book?
— ___________.
A. I am sorry B. No, I couldn’t C. Yes, I could. D. Sure. Here you are.
【复习】could 的其他用法：
(1) could为can 的过去式，表示能力。
Ex. Could the girl read before she went to school? 这个女孩上学前能识字吗？
He said that he couldn’t come. 他说不能来了。
(2) could可以表建议，意为“可以”， 在时间上与can没有区别，语气比can更加委婉。没有人称和数的变化，其后直接跟动词原形。
Ex. We could help them clean the classroom. 我们可以帮助他们打扫教室。
You could try your best to help the old people. 你可以尽力去帮助老人。

六、真题演练
( ) 1.【重庆】Hurry up, or you ____catch the train.
A. can’t B. needn’t C. mustn't D. shouldn’t
( )2.【山西中考】The talented boy ____ write lyrics(歌词) when he was at the age of ten.
A. may B. could C. must
( )3.【 湖北黄冈】—Who’s the man over there? Is it Mr. Black?
—It ______ be him. He’s much taller.
A. may not B. can’t C. will not D. mustn’t
( )4.【武汉】—Could I look at your pictures？
　　 —Yes, of course you________.
　　A. could B. can C. will D. might
( )5. 【北京市海淀区】 _______you pass me a pen？I’d like to write down the telephone number.
A. Need B. Could　 C. Must D. Should
( )6.【呼和浩特】—________ I try on those shoes in the window?
—________. They are just on show.
A. Could; Yes, you can. B. Can; Sorry, you couldn’t.
C. Could; Sorry, you can’t. D. Can; Yes, you could.
( )7.【贵州黔东南】—Could you please sweep the floor?
—________. I am busy babysitting my sister.
A. Sorry, you can’t B. Yes, sure.
C. Yes, I can. D. Sorry, I can’ t.
( )8.【 湖北黄冈】—Could I borrow your camera?
— ___________, but please give it back by Saturday.
A. I am sorry B. Of course C. Certainly not D. No, thanks







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