2020年高考英语二轮语法复习学案讲练结合 专题一 冠词（word含答案）

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专题一 冠词
I、重点难点解析
冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义
历年高考试题对冠词的考查涉及到冠词的位置、不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词及固定搭配中的冠词等各个方面。下面我们以表格的形式对前四个方面进行总结

1. 冠词的位置
考点 示例
1 such／what／many／rather／quite + a (n)+形容词+单数可数名词 quite a small house
2 how／however／so／too／as／that／this十形容词+a(u)+单数可数名词 so nice a girl
3 both／all／half／twice／double + the +名词 twice the size of the room
4 half a (n）或a half + 单数可数名词 Half an hour／a half hour

2. 不定冠词
考点 示例
1 表示泛指，与any同义 A square has four sides．
2 表示数量“一”，与one同义，但其数的概念不如one强烈 He will be back in a week．
3 表示“相同的”，与the same同义 Birds of a feather flock together．
4 表示“每一个”，与every，each，per同义 I visit my father once a month．
5 表示“某一”，与a certain同义 A Mr Smith is waiting to see you．
6 表示“像……似的”，与one like同义 He is a Lei Feng in our class．
7 用在某些物质名词前表示“一种、‘一阵、 一份、一场”等 We had a heavy rain last night．
8 用在某些抽象名词前，使其具体化 You are a great help to your mother．

3. 定冠词
考点 示例
1 特指上文提到过的、谈话双方都清楚的、受定语修饰的人或物 There l met a foreigner and the foreigner helped me a lot. / Do you know the man standing by the window?
2 用于单数名词前，指一类事物 The lion is a wild animal.
3 用于乐器名称前 the violin / the piano
4 用于世界上独一无二的事物前 the sun/?the earth/?the world
5 与某些形容词连用表示一类人 the rich / the young / the aged
6 在字数词和最高级前 the first one to come to school／the best student in our class
7 在江河湖海、山脉群岛、海峡海岸的地名中 The Changjiang River / the West Lake / the English Channel
8 在表示姓氏的复数名词前、逢整十数词的复数前 play (the) piano／the Browns／in the 1920s
9 在表示国家的形容词前，泛指该国的人民. the Chinese / the English
10 用在一些习惯用语中 in the morning / the day after tomorrow / the day before yesterday / the next year

4. 零冠词
考点 示例
1 专用名词和不可数名词前 China, America, Grade One, Class Two
2 名词前已有this, that, my, your, some, any 等 go down this street.
3 当复数名词和不可数名词表示泛指时 We are students / I like reading stories.
4 成对名词连用时 day after day／face to face
5 在球类、棋类、学科、语言、三餐名词前 play basketball／play chess／like physics ／speak English／at lunch
6 在季节、月份、某些含Day的节假日、星期等名词前 Autumn is the best season in Beijing／in May／New Year’s Day／On Sunday
7 在某些习惯用语中的名词前 At noon／by bus／by telephone/ in bed／ in time / go to bed / go to college

5. 英语中含有冠词的词组辩析
英语中有不少词组，从形式看好象只有冠词之差，而实际上却是意义完全不同的新词组。
1. in front of 在……（外）的前面 ; in the front of 在……（内）的前面
There’s a garden in front of the classroom.
There’s a blackboard in the front of the classroom.
2. in charge of 掌管；负责; in the charge of 在……负责之下
An experienced worker is in charge of the project.
The project is in the charge of an experienced worker.
3. at table 在用饭；吃饭时; at the table 在桌旁
He seldom talks at table.
They sat at the table, talking and laughing.
4. by day 白天；日间 ; by the day 按日计
He works in an office by day.
Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day.
5. take place 发生；举行 ; take the place 代替；接替
When did this conversation take place?
Electric train has now taken the place of steam trains in England.
6. in words 用言语 ; in a word 总之
Please express your thought in words.
In a word, I don’t trust you.
7. at times 有时；不时 ; at a time 一次
I do feel a little nervous at times.
Pass me the bricks two at a time.
8. little 少；不多的 ; a little 一些；一点点
Hurry up, there’s little time left.
Don’t hurry. You still have a little time.
9. few 很少；几乎没有的; a few 有些；几个
He is a man of few words.
Only a few of the children can read.
10.a most interesting 非常有趣的 ; the most interesting 最有趣的（形容词的最高级）
This is a most interesting story.
This is the most interesting story of the three.
11.a doctor and nurse 一位医生兼护士 ; a doctor and a nurse 一位医生和一位护士
A doctor and nurse is standing there.
A doctor and a nurse are standing there.
12.A number of 许多；好些 ; the number of …（的）数目
A number of students are in the classroom.
The number of students in the classroom is forty.

II、实战演练

（一）．用适当的冠词填空，不需要的划“\”.
1.---Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?
---Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.
2. I know you don't like _______ music very much. But what do you think of _______ music in the film we saw yesterday?
3. --- I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over ______ keyboard.
--- You shouldn't put drinks near ________ computer.
4. Of all _______ reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father's advice was_______ most important one.
5. According to _________World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent _________ spread of AIDS.
6.. For him ____ stage is just ___ means of making a living.
7. I think it really _______ honor for me to speak here..
8. This lab used to be in _______ charge of Mr. Wang.
9 I know there is ______ Mr. Smith next door, who has gone on ________ business.
10 He devotes most of his time to _______ football. And I am sure he promises ________ excellent footballer.
11 Don’t lose heart. Please have ______ second try.
12 Those who are rich should help ______ poor.
13 When stealing the thief was caught by ______ arm by a policeman.
14 In some factories workers get paid by ______ piece.
15 It is a bad habit to go to work without ______ breakfast.
16 John is _______ university student from ______ European country.
17 Teachers play _______ active and important part in building up students’ character.
18 _______ Zhangs live on the second floor.
19 Cotton is grown in _______ north of China.
20 It is known to us all that _______ light travels faster than _______ sound.
21 A tower is seen in _______ distance.
22 In case of fire please press _______ red button.
23 Shenzhen has ________ population of more than 10 million.
24_______ days I spent with Catherine in Beijing were so wonderful.
25A bullet hit the solider and he was wounded in ______ leg.
26He loved writing and his first novel was ______ great success when it came out.
27 My brother was born in _______ spring of 1990.
28 Mr. Smith is ______ most learned scholar and you can turn to him for help.
29 How sweetly she sings! I have never heard _______ better voice.
30 Beijing is ______ second largest city in China.
31 My trip to Tibet was really ________ unforgettable experience.
32 This watch is _______ 18th century watch, which has been passed down from my great grandpa.

（二） 语法填空 在括号中填入适当的冠词
There once was a king who offered 1 prize to 2 artist who would paint 3 best picture of peace. Many artist tried. The king looked at all 4 pictures. But there were only two he really liked, and he had to choose between them.
One picture was of a calm lake. The lake was a perfect mirror for peaceful high mountains all around it. Overhead was a blue sky with fluffy white clouds. All who saw this picture thought it was 5 perfect picture of peace.
The other picture had mountains, too. But these were rugged and bare. Above was 6 angry sky, from which rain fell and in which lightning played. Down 7 side of the mountain tumbled(翻腾) a foaming(水泡) waterfall. This did not look peaceful at all.
But when the king looked closely, he saw behind 8 waterfall a tiny bush growing in a crack in the rock. In the bush 9 mother bird had built her nest. There, in the midst of the rush of angry water, sat the mother bird on her nest-in perfect peace.
The king chose 10 second picture.


















答案

一． 1 a 2 /; the 3 the; a 4. the; the 5 the; the 6 the; a 7 an 8 the 9 a; / 10 /; an 11 a 12 the 13 the 14 the 15 the 16 a; a 17 an 18 The 19 the 20 /; / 21 the 22the 23 a 24 The 25 the 26a 27the 28a 29a 30 the 31 an 32 an

二． 1 a 2 the 3 the 4. the 5 a 6 an 7 the 8 the 9 a 10. the













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