2020年高考英语二轮语法复习学案讲练结合 专题五 形容词副词（word含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台


语法复习第五讲
形容词和副词
I、重点难点解析
形容词、副词比较级和最高级的常用句型及用法。系动词后接形容词作表语和一些常用副词(seldom, even, enough, never, hardly)也是高考热点之一。
一 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的常用句型
名称 句型 例句
相等 as+原级+as The train travels as fast as the 3：55 train．
as+原级+a/an+单数名词+as He is as honest a man as you.
as many+名词复数+as as much+不可数名词+as I have as many books as you.
倍数+as+原级+名词+as My room is twice as big as my brother’s.
不及 not as/so+原级+as She is not as/so beautiful as her sister．
超越 1．比较级+than Health is more important than wealth．
2．the+比较级+of the two两者中较……的一个 He is the taller of the two．
用于否定 no+比较级+than 和……一样不 He is no richer than I． 他和我一样不富有。
用于否定 再……不过（可译为“非常，十分”） His work couldn’t be worse． 他的工作再糟糕不过了。
程度递增 -er and -er，more and more+多音节词原级(越来越……) higher and higher; more and more important
两种情况同时变化 the+比较级，the +比较级 (越……，越……) The quicker you get ready，the sooner we'll be able to leave．
三者或三者以上比较 the+最高级+of／in + 比较范围(…之中最…) Of all things in the world，people are the most precious.
二 比较级结构的修饰语
1 用于原级之前 almost, nearly, just, quite, half, twice, three times, etc The river is three times as long as that one.
2 用于比较级前 1) many, a few (用于“more+可数名词复数”前) It takes many more hours to go there by train than by plane.
2) a lot, much, even, still, far, a great deal, rather, two years, 5%, twice, etc. My desk mate is even fatter than me.
3 用于最高级前 the very, much the, by far the, the first/second This cake is by far the largest in the world.
三 两种形式的副词，一个与形容词同形，一个以ly结尾。
1 hard hardly hard 劝告；刻苦地；猛烈地；困难地 He studies very hard . 他学习非常努力。
hardly 几乎不；简直不 We hardly had time to eat breakfast . 我们简直没时间吃早饭。
2 high highly high 高高地；地位高；声音高 The plane flies high . 飞机飞得很高
highly 高度地；非常(常和 praise , speak 等动词连用) They spoke very highly of him . 他们称赞他。
3 deep deeply deep 修饰具体动作时，往往两个词可换用，但多用deep They had to dig very deep (deeply) in order to find water . 他们必须挖得很深，才能发现水。
表示静止状态时只用 deep (此时多与介词、副词连用)。 The meeting continued deep into the night . 会议持续到了深夜。
deeply 修饰形容词或过去分词只能用 deeply。 I am deeply grateful to you . 我非常感谢你。
deeply 可与 hate , dislike , regret , admire , love , value 等动词连用，但不能与动词 like 连用。 I deeply regret his death . 我对他的去世深感遗憾。
4 late lately late 迟；晚。 The bus arrived 5 minutes late . 公共汽车迟到了五分钟。
lately 最近；不久前 (同 recently )。 What have you been doing lately ? 最近你在做什么 ?
as late as 与 as lately as 都有“近至；直到”之意，用法相同。 I saw him as late(lately) as yesterday . 直到昨天我才看见他。
5 near nearly near 近；临近；在附近。 The train came nearer and nearer . 火车越来越近了。
nearly 几乎；差不多；将近。 It is nearly ten o'clock . 差不多十点钟了。
6 close closely close 靠近；挨近；接近。 Come close so that I can see you . 走近点以便我能看清你。
closely 紧密地；紧紧地；秘密地；仔细地；严密地。 We followed closely after him . 我们紧紧地跟在他后面。
四 以ly结尾的形容词：
1 表示时间的形容词 hourly, daily, nightly, weekly, monthly, quarterly, yearly, early, timely 及时的。 This theatre gives a nightly performance.
2 表示人的形容词 manly 男子气的，womanly 女人气的，wifely 妻子似的，fatherly 父亲般的，childly 孩子般的，comradely 同 志式的 What are wifely duties? 什么是做妻子的责任?
3 表示人的外貌、特征、性格、心理等的形容词 lovely, friendly, ugly, lively, lonely, friendly, unfriendly, kindly, sickly, poorly, elderly 年长的，homely 不漂亮的、朴实的。 Children are usually lively.
4 表示事物特征、环境、情况、状态的形容词 likely 可能的，orderly 整齐的，costly 花费大的，deadly 致命的，mannerly 有貌的，chilly 凉的，disorderly 乱七八糟的,unlikely 不可能的。 Please leave our classroom in an orderly way.让我们的教室整整齐齐的。
五 senior, junior, superior, inferior等词与to连用
1 能与to连用，但不能与than连用 superior 优秀的，高级的(反义词inferior)。 This restaurant is superior to the one we went to last week．这家饭馆比我们上周毒的那家好。
senior年长的，地位高的，资格老的(反义词junior ). She is senior to everyone else in the company.她在公司里比其他人资格都要老。
2 既不能与than连用，又不能与to连用的 major主要的 minor次要的，表示不太重要或较次要。 The young actress was given a minor part in the new play． 年轻的女演员在这部新戏里被分配担任一个小角色。 The infection is fairly minor, nothing to worry about．感染不严重，用不着担心。
六 某些以a开头的表语形容词
以 a- 开头的只能作表语的形容词还有 afraid, alone, asleep, alive, alike 等。特殊用法
1) alive“活着的，活的”是表语形容词，既可指人又可指物，有时可与 living 互换。
　 He is dead, but his dog is still alive/living .他死了，但他的狗仍然活着。
2) alive 作定语一般放在所修饰的名词后：
Who is the greatest man alive? 谁是当今活着的最伟大的人？
3) alive 可作宾语补足语：
Let's keep the fish alive. 让鱼活着的吧。
4)这类形容词一般都不能用 very 修饰，但可用 much 或 very much 等修饰。
不能说：I am very alone，
只可以说I am much alone或very much alone。
七 多个形容词修饰一个名词的排列顺序大致为：
限定词(冠词/代词)→数词→描绘形容词→大小→形状→新旧→年龄→颜色→国籍→ 材料＋名词
a small round wooden table; an old Chinese stone bridge;
the man’s first two famous small red French oil paintings


II、实战演练
一、填入适当的形容词、副词或用所给词的正确形式填空：
1. The number of the trees that the villagers planted last year reached as __________ as 6,000,000.
2. There was so _________ smoke that they couldn’t see across the hallway.
3. My little brother is not old ___________ to go to school.
4. In that case, there is nothing you can do __________ than wait.
5. I must be getting fat－I can ____________ do my trousers up.
6. They are __________ little insects that we can not easily see them with our eyes.
7. There was __________ little food left then that we had to turn to the local people for help.
8. Mary kept weighing herself to see how much ___________ she was getting.
9. I haven’t seen the movie and my brother hasn’t _____________.
10. He is always telling lies, so I will ________ believe him.
11. John is very lazy. He falls ________ behind in his studies.
12. Two passengers fell into the sea. ______________, neither of them could swim.
13. We talked ___________ into the night and I was ___________ moved by his words.(deep)
14. I found his talk very _____________ and I was really _____________ in it.(interest)
15. Who is the greatest poet ____________ (live)?
16. The more words you know, the ______________(easy) you can read.
17. David has won the first prize in singing; he is still very excited now and feels _____________(little) desire to go to bed.
18. We have a __________ (month) rainfall of four inches in winter here.
19. He is by far the ___________ (good) student in his class.
20. I have two brothers and both of them are ___________ than me. My __________ brothers are friendly with me.(old)
二、语法填空：用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。
（ 一 ）
A father sat at his desk looking at and carefully studying his 1______ (month) bills when his young son rushed in and announced, “Dad, because this is your birthday and you’re 55 years old, I’m going to give you 55 kisses, one for each year!” But the father exclaimed, “Oh, Andrew, don’t do it now; I’m too busy!”
The youngster immediately fell 2_______ (silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes. 3 _________ (Apologetic) the father said, “You can finish later.”
The boy said nothing but 4 __________ (quiet) walked away, 5_______ (disappoint). That evening the father said, “Come and finish the kisses now, Andrew!” But the boy didn’t respond.
6 _________ (fortunate), the boy had an accident and was drowned. His heartbroken father wrote…
“If only I could tell him how much I regret my 7 _________ (thought) words, and could be assured that he knows how much my heart is aching.”
Love is a two-way street. Any loving act must be 8 _________ (warm) accepted or it will be taken as 9 ___________ (reject) and can leave a scar. Nothing is more 10__________ (importance) than responding with love to the cry for love from those who are near and precious to us. Because there may be no chance at all as in the case of the little boy.
（ 二 ）
Many people think teachers give pupils too much homework. They say that it is 1_______ (necessary) for children to work at home in their free time. 2 _____ they argue that most teachers do not 3 _______ （proper）plan the homework tasks they give to pupils. The results are that pupils have to repeat tasks which they have 4________ done at school.
5 _______ (Recent) Recently in Greece many parents complained about the 6_________ (difficulty) homework which teachers gave to their children. The parents said that most of the homework was 7 __________ (use), and they wanted to stop it. Spain and Turkey are two countries which stopped homework recently. In Denmark, Germany and several other countries in Europe, teachers cannot set homework at weekends. In Holland, teachers allow pupils to stay at school to do their homework. The children can 8 ______ (free) help one another. Similar arrangement also exists in some British schools.
Most people agree that homework is not fair. A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and 9 __________ （comfort）room is in a much 10________ (good) position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on. Some parents are ready to help their children with their homework. But other parents even take no interest at all in their children’s homework.
三、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21-30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One day a police officer managed to get some fresh mushrooms (蘑菇). He was so 1 that he cooked them and offered to share with his fellow officers. “Let the dog try a piece first,” suggested one 2 officer who was afraid that the mushrooms might be 3 . The dog seemed to enjoy his mushroom, and the officers then began to eat their meal, saying that the mushrooms had a very strange but quite 4 taste. An hour later, however, they were all 5 when the gardener rushed in and said 6 that the dog was dead. Immediately, the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the 7 hospital. Pumps(洗胃器) were used and the officers had a very 8 time getting rid of the mushrooms that remained in their stomachs. When they returned, they called the gardener to tell how the dog died. “Did it suffer much before death?” asked one of the officers, feeling very pleased that he had escaped a 9 death himself. “No”, the gardener looked rather 10 . “It was killed the moment a car hit it.”
1.A.sure B. careless C. pleased D. disappointed
2.A.frightened B. shy C. cheerful D. careful
3.A.dangerous B. poisonous C. harmful D. smelly
4.A.special B. delicious C. pleasant D. bitter
5.A.glad B. curious C. satisfied D. astonished
6.A.cruelly B. curiously C. seriously D. finally
7.A.animal B. biggest C. best D. nearest
8.A.hard B. busy? C. exciting D. unforgettable
9.A.strange B. painful C. peaceful D. natural
10.A.happy B. interested? C. surprised D. excited
四、用所给词的正确形式填空：
1. Those who have ________(many) money than sense may sometimes act foolishly.
2. Food safety is _________(high) important, so the government spares no effort to prevent food pollution.
3. We drank together and talked _________(merry) till far into the night.
4. Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his _______(well) known one.
5. Work gets done ________(easy) when people do it together, and the rewards are higher, too.
6. It is not socially _________(accept) for parents to leave children unattended at that age.
7. With April 18’s railway speedup, highway and air transport will have to compete with ________(good) service for passengers.
8. Of the two coats, I’d choose the _________(cheap) one to spare some money for a book.
9. A bit _________(little) talking and some more work. Thus things become better.
10. ____________ much homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest.
11. These plastic flowers look so __________ (nature) that many people think they are real.
12. In spite of the thunderstorm, the children slept __________ (sound) all night.
13. Circus tigers, although they have been tamed, can ______________ (expect) attack their trainer.
14. She felt ____________ (shame) of having asked such a silly question when the audience couldn’t help laughing.
15. I shall take you back to Beijing _____________ (immediate) you are well enough to travel.
16. He gave me some very _____________ (value) advice on buying a house.
17. What I’m telling you is strictly __________ (confident). Do not let anyone know of it.
18. Having made his first film earlier this year, he is _____________ (current) starting in a new one.
19. My house is very ______________ (convenience) for getting to work as it is only a few minutes from the situation.
20. One-room schoolhouses can still be found in ____________ (isolate) areas where there are no other schools for many miles.
21. The rapidly growing birth rate brings about a lot of environment problems, which the government is supposed to take _____________ (serious).
22. She has lost her handbag with the _____________ (consider) sum of $150 in it.
23. That was very _____________ (consider) of you.
24. The manager said that they had an ____________ (alternate) plan if the plan they had submitted was not accepted.
25. I’m sorry but what he thinks is not of the _____________ (little) importance to me.
26. A teacher must see to it that every one of his students develops _________ (proper).
27. He insisted that whoever worked ___________ (hard) than others should get _________ (much) money.
28. –It is 18 o’clock and your father is still at the office.
--I know. Who else would work as ___________ (hard) as he does?
29. As things got from bad to worse, few job opportunities were ____________ (avail) to college students.






答案：

一、填入适当的形容词、副词或用所给词的正确形式填空：
1. many 2. much 3. enough 4. other 5. hardly 6. such 7. so 8. heavier 9. either 10. never 11. far 12. Unluckily/Unfortunately 13. deep, deeply
14. interesting, interested 15. alive 16. the more easily 17. the least 18. monthly 19. best 20.older, elder

二、语法填空：用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。
（一）1. monthly 2. silent 3. Apologetically 4. quietly 5. disappointed 6. Unfortunately 7. thoughtless 8. warmly 9. rejection 10. important
（二） 1. unnecessary 2. Moreover 3. properly 4 . already 5.Recently 6.difficult 7. useless

三、完形填空
1---5 CDBCD 6---10 CDABC

四、用所给词的正确形式填空：
1. more 2. highly 3. merrily 4. best 5. more easily 6. acceptable 7. better
8. cheaper 9. less 10. So 11. natural 12. soundly 13. unexpectedly 14. ashamed
15. immediately 16. valuable 17. confidential 18. currently 19. convenient 20. isolated
21. seriously 22. considerable 23. considerate 24. alternative 25. least 26. properly
27. harder; the most 28. hard 29. available
















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