2020年高考英语二轮语法复习学案讲练结合 专题七 情态动词（word含答案）

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专题七 情态动词
I、重点难点解析
情态动词的高考命题导向：情态动词表示说话者的情感和态度，有一定的含义，但是不能单独做谓语，必须与其他动词连用。注意区别具有相同功能的，意思相近的情态动词的用法。
一 情态动词基本用法一览表
情态动词 用法 例句 注意事项
can could 1表许可(和may可互换)、能力 2表怀疑、猜测、可能性（用于否定和疑问句中） 3 could可表比can更委婉的语气及用于虚拟语气。 1You can/may sit here./He can swim. 2 He can’t be sixty. 3 Could you come again tomorrow? can和be able to都可表能力，但be able to可表达“某事终于成功”，有更多的时态。
may might 1表可以（问句中表请求，might更婉转） 2表可能，或许（might语气更加不肯定） 3表祝愿（用于倒装句中） 1 May/Might I use your bike? 2 He may/might be at home. 3 May you succeed! 1回答May…do…?的否定用 mustn’t/can’t
2回答May/Might… do…?的否定用 can’t/might not
must 1表必须，应该（表主观要求） 2表推测（用于肯定句），译为“准是，一定” 1 You must study hard. 2 She must be tired. 否定式mustn’t表不准，禁止；否定回答用needn’t/don’t/doesn’t have to(不必)
have to 只好，不得不（客观的必须，有时态人称变化） Without help, I had to do it myself. must表主观意识。have to有多种时态。
ought to 应当（表示义务责任，口语中多用should You ought to obey laws. 否定用oughtn’t 疑问句用Ought…to do…?
shall 1用于一三人称的疑问句，表征询意见 2用于二三人称, 表示许诺、命令、警告等 1 Shall we go now? 2 The sign there reads, “No person shall smoke here.”
should 1表建议或劝告，译为“应该” 2本该（含有责备意味） 1 You should learn from each other. 2 You should have given him help.
will would 1表意志或决心 2疑问句中用于第二人称表请求，would比较委婉 1 He promised he would never smoke again. 2 Will/Would you like some tea? would表示过去的习惯或喜好,不涉及现在; used to表示过去常常做现在已经不再有的习惯.
dare 敢（常用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句中） He dare not/daren’t sleep alone. Dare you touch it? 过去式dared；可作实义动词
need 需要,必须（常用于否定句和疑问句中） You needn’t do the work now. Need…do…?的肯定回答：Yes,…must. 可作实义动词
used to 过去常常（现在已不再） He used to play football. 否定式usedn’t/usen’t to do/didn’t use to do; 疑问Used…to…do…?Did…use to do…?
二 “情态动词+不定式进行式”和“情态动词+不定式完成式”用法一览表
句式 说明 例句
can +不定式进行式 can +不定式完成式 表示“可能”，用于否定句和疑问句（could 也可能有此用法，只是语气更委婉） He can’t be telling lies. 他不可能在说谎。 He can’t have told lies. 他不可能说过谎话。
could+不定式完成式 指过去没实现的动作，表“本来可以” It’s too late. You could have told him earlier.你本来能早点告诉他的。
may+不定式进行式 may+不定式完成式 表示“可能，也许”，用于肯定句 He may be doing homework. 他也许在做作业。 He may have missed the train. 他可能错过了火车。
must+不定式进行式 肯定句表示“一定在干某事” The light is on. He must be working. 灯亮着，他一定在工作。
must+不定式完成式 用于肯定句，表示“准是干了某事” He is sad. He must have failed the exam.他准是考试不及格。
needn’t+不定式完成式 “本来不必做”，只用于否定句 You needn’t have lent the book to him. He bought it already. 你本来不必把这本书借给她，他已经买了一本。
should/ought to+不定式完成式 肯定句表示“本应该做而实际没做”； 否定句表示“不应该做而实际却做了” I should have bought it. 我应该把它买下来的。 You shouldn’t have scolded him. 你不应该这样粗心大意。

II、实战演练
填入情态动词的恰当形式或根据括号所提供的词填入情态动词恰当的结构。
1. I should have been there, but I ____________ find the time.
2. Helen _______ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet.
3. Tom, you ___________ not leave all your clothes on the floor like this!
4. You can’t imagine that a well behaved gentleman _____________ be so rude to a lady.
5. It has been announced that candidates_____________ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.
6. ---Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.
---She ____________. I’ve already borrowed one.
7. John, look at the time. _______________ you play the piano at such a late hour?
8. ---__________ this book be yours?
---No, it ____________ not be mine. It ___________ be his.
9. As a girl, she ____________ get up at six every day.
10. __________ he to clean the classroom after school?
11. You ____________ be tired after the long trip, aren’t you?
12. ---What’s the name?
---Khulaifi. __________ I spell that for you?
13. You _____________________ (see) the film, haven’t you?
14. You _____________________ (talk) on the phone at that time, for I couldn’t get through.
15. They _____________________ (miss) the plane, or perhaps they have been prevented from coming for some reason.
16. ______________ you pass the college entrance examinations!
17. He had known the matter before you told him, so you _____________________ (not tell) it to him.
18. I did not call to make any airline reservation but I ________________.
19. The light is out. They _______________________ (not work) now.
20. ---My cat is really fat.
---You _____________________ (not give) her so much food.





























答案：

1. couldn’t 2. may 3. mustn’t 4. should 5. shall 6. needn’t
7. Must 8. Can; can’t; must 9. would 10. Ought 11. must 12. shall 13.must have seen
14. must be talking 15. might/might have missed 16. May 17. needn’t have told
18. should have 19. can’t be working 20. shouldn’t have given














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