2020年高考英语二轮语法复习学案讲练结合 专题六 介词（word含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台


英语语法复习第六讲
介词
I、重点难点解析
介词又叫前置词，是一种虚词。介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成份，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。介词短语在句中可作定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。
一 介词从结构上分类一览表
介词的分类
简单 介词 只有单独一个词的介词 after, at, on, in, during, since, till等(时间介词); across, over, through, past, near, to, above等(方位介词);by, for, down, from, of, off, behind, below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, up, with, about, against, along, among, around...
复合介词 由两个单一词合成的介词 into，inside，onto，outside，throughout，towards，upon，within，without…
短语 介词 (1)形容词，分词或副词+介词 according to, away from, down to, inside of(inside), opposite to, owing to...
(2)连词+介词 as for，as to，because of…
(3)介词+介词(又称双重介词) from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between(在中间)...
(4)介词+名词+介词by means of, in front of, in spite of, on account of, with regard to……
(5)其他 (名词十介词)thanks to
由其他词类转用 (1)分词 concerning(关于)，considering(就……而论)，including(包括)，regarding(关于)
(2)形容词 或副词 like(像)，near(接近)．opposite(在……对面)，unlike(不像)，round(围绕……)，next( 和……邻接)
(3)连词 than，but(除……之外)
(4)名词 despite(不顾；不管)
二 主要介词区别
1．表示时间的at，in，on：
at表示片刻的时间，如：at 8 a.m. 常用词组有：at dawn, at noon，at night，at midnight，at the end of，at that time，at Christmas，at New Year等。
in表示一段的时间，如：in the morning/afternoon/evening，in October，in 1998，in the 21st century, in summer, in the past, in the future等。
on指特定的日子，时间：on Monday，on Christmas Eve, on May Day，on a warm morning, on September 12, on that day等。
2．表示时间的since和from：
since “自从…以来”，常与现在完成时、现在完成进行时连用。
from “自…起”，一般多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用。
如：I hope to do morning exercises from today.
We have not seen each other since 1995．
3．表示时间的in和after：
in+时间段，一般用于将来时。如：We' II be back in three days.
after+时间段，一般用于过去时。如： After two months he returned.
注意：after+时间点,可用于过去时和将来时。
如：After seven the rain began to fall.
What shall we do after graduation?
4．表示方位的in，on，to：
in表示 “在…内”， Beijing is in the north of China.
on指 “与…接壤，在河/江畔”， Korea lies on the east of China
to指在境外某方向，只强调方向Japan lies to the east of China．
5．表示“在……上”的on和in：
on只表示在某物的表面上，如：There is a book on the piece of paper.
in表示占去某物一部分，如： There is an interesting article in the newspaper.
He dug a hole in the wall.
6．表示“穿过……”的through, over和across：
through 指在内部穿过，
across则指在表面上的横穿，
over指在上方过去，跨越。
如：The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across deserts, over mountains, through valleys, till at last it reaches the sea.
7．in the end，at the end of，by the end of
in the end意为“最后”、“终于”； 如： In the end they reached a place of safety
at the end of表示“在…末梢”，“到…尽头”，既可指时间,也可以指地上或物体；如：At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden.
They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week.
by the end of作“到…末为止”解，只能指时间
如：By the end of last month he had finished the novel.
8．between，among：
between一般表示两者之间。如：You are to sit between your father and me
among用于三者或三者以上的中间。
如：The girl quickly disappeared among the crowd.
注意：有时虽然是三个以上的人或东西，如果强调两两相互间接关系，仍用between。如：Agreements were made between the different countries. 在谈事物间的差别时，总是用between。如：They don’t know the difference between wheat, oats and barley．
9．besides，except，but，except for：
besides指“除了……还有”。
如：Two foreign teachers were present at the meeting besides Smith．；
except指“除…外”，不能放在句首。
如：We go to school every day except Sunday．
注意：but与except意思相近, 常用在no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything ,no等词和其他疑问词后面。如：Who but a fool would do such a thing?
except for表示“如无……就，只是”表明理由细节。
如：His diary is good except for a few spelling mistakes.
10．表示用工具和手段的by, in, with：
by表用工具(by train / land / hand / email…)或手段(by reading…)，其后的名词前不带冠词；
with表用工具(with a pencil / our eyes)，其后的名词多被冠词、物主代词修饰；
in表示用材料、方式、方法、度量、单位、语言、声音等(in pencil/English/a low voice…)
11．as，like：
as指身份、资格，意为“作为”。
如：Let me speak to you as a father.(事实是父亲)
like作“象……一样”解。
如：Let me speak to you like a father．(事实上不是父亲)。
12．as, with都有“随着…”之意。
as为连词，后接从句。如：As the day went on, the weather got worse
with为介词，后接名词或代词。 如：With spring coming on, the weather gets warmer.
II、实战演练
一、 介词比较精练，用适当的介词填空
1. 1) __________ the night of May 4th, my good friend left for Canada.
2) __________ night you can see the stars twinkle in the sky.
3) __________ Sunday morning/a cold morning Marie was woken up by a loud noise.
4) __________ the morning she often has milk and some bread for breakfast.
5) __________ the 1970s we had a hard time.
2. 1) Kate is writing __________ a friend of hers.
2) Kate is writing __________ a piece of paper.
3) Kate is writing __________ blue ink.
4) Kate is writing __________ a piece of chalk on the blackboard.
5) Kate is writing a letter __________ an old man who can’t write.
3. 1) We all passed the exam ________ the end.
2) We had finished learning five books __________ the end of last term.
3) We will hold a party ___________ the end of this term.
4. 1) The apples ________ the tree are ripe.
2) The birds _________ the tree are singing merrily.
3) There is a map of China _________ the back wall.
4) There is a small hole ____________ the wall.
5. 1) China lies __________ the west of Japan.
2) Canada lies _________ the north of the USA.
3) Canada lies _________ the north of North America.
6. 1) He can do everything __________ cooking.
2) He can speak two other languages __________ English.
3) He did nothing _________ watch TV all day.
4) The road was empty _________ _________ several cars at that time.
7. 1) The man tried to walk __________ the big rock.
2) The man walked __________ the road and got on a bus.
3) The man saw some beautiful birds when walking __________ the woods.
8. 1) There is no secret _________ you and me.
2) You are the tallest ___________ my friends.
3) There is a break ____________ classes.
9. 1) ________ time passed, things seemed to get worse.
2) _______ time going by, he knows more and more.
10. 1) He will leave for Korea _________ three days.
2) He went to Beijing and returned ___________ three days.
3) He will be back ___________ 3 p.m.
4) He has lived in Paris __________ three years ago.
5) It kept raining heavily ___________ Monday _________ Wednesday.

二、用适当的介词填空并划出相关的短语。
1.The driver informing us _________the accident quitted his job a week later.
2.We are not supposed _________ play football on Sundays.
3. Janet has a large collection ________foreign coins; she loves showing them off to every visitor.
4.I don’t think you will have any difficulty ________passing this exam.
5. We should be loyal ______ our country.
6. I have been _______ good terms with my classmates.
7. We congratulated you _________winning the contest.
8. To make full use _______ the land, two or more crops are planted each year where possible.
9. People make us laugh by making fun ________ somebody’s way of dressing or telling an amusing story.
10. We made the animal adapt ________ its new environment.
11. The teacher asked a difficult question, but finally Ted came up _______ a good answer.
12. Yichang is familiar _________many foreigners for the Three Gorges.
13. Helen struggled ________ her feet after the struggle with two robbers.
14. The ball has to be called _________ because of the storm.
15. Dating back _______the Qin Dynasty, the traditional Xiangsheng show is still one of the main Chinese art forms to entertain people.
16. Our country has carried out some new agricultural policies, ________ the purpose of increasing our national economic.
17. The road is covered with snow. I can’t understand why they insisted ______ going by motorbike.
18.The climate in the south doesn’t agree _______me. It’s too hot and damp.
19. I am ashamed ________ what you have done.
20. Mom, don’t be anxious __________my health. I’ll take good care of myself.
21. Based _______a lot of scientific experiments, his research is quite believable.
22. One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain a good knowledge _____basic word formation.
23. No one likes being laughed ________ in public.
24.You will answer ________what you have done some day.
25. In one firm alone over three hundred people were laid _______ in the last month.
26. I was so foolish I was taken _________by his promise.
27. It was the third time that he had been informed _________the delay of the meeting.
28. At the voice of crying for help, he made a beeline _______ the entrance.
29. We had this party ______ honour of the famous artist.
30. The modern scientific development has thrown light _________this question.
31. Last summer I took a course on how to deal _________ poisonous gases if any.
32. Whatever difficult situation he was ______, he never lost confidence and was always optimistic about the future life.
33. The earthquake destroyed most houses in the village. How are they going to get ____the winter?
34. In 1769, James Cook took possession _______New Zealand and since then great changes have taken place there.
35. Modern English came ______ being from about the end of 16th century.
36. The Chinese nation has given birth _________many national heroes and revolutionary leaders.
37. Born in England, he has an advantage __________her in spoken English.
38. The breathtaking beautiful scenery certainly lives up _________the expectation.
39. Carelessness resulted __________his failure, which almost cost him his life.
40. Since the foreigner came, we have been giving her Chinese lessons ______ exchange for her teaching us English.
41. . As a consequence ________ his absence, neither agreement was reached.
42. If you never make an effort, how can you hope ___________success?
43. _____ terms of intelligence, you are more clever than him.
44. ______ hearing the news, she couldn’t hold back her tears.
45. Compared _________Shanghai, Yichang is a small city.??
46. They are in short of money, so they can’t afford to equip every office _____ air-conditioners.
47. It is strange that the twin girls (should) have nothing _____ common.
48. Colour-blind people often find it difficult to distinguish green ______red.
49. The man accused _____ killing said that he was innocent.??
50. Chemicals are harmful _______fish in the water.
51. Everything taken _______consideration, they would have raised their output quickly.
52. Having been separated ___________other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals that cannot be found anywhere else in the world.
53. I began to wonder why they had objected _____my taking part in extreme sports in the first place.
54. For many weeks we have been accustomed ________seeing fallen trees and houses as well as dead animals.
55. The ability of adjusting yourself ______ new environment is of great help to your success.
56. He soon found himself in harmony ______his new co-workers.
57. Playing tricks _________ others is something that we should never do .
58. You’d better play some music for us to dance ________.
59. When you drink _____someone’s health, you raise your glasses, but the glasses should not touch.
60. He is engaged ____________preparing for the coming examination.
61. _______a lot of difficult problems to settle，the newly-elected mayor is having a hard time.
62. Addicted ______ playing computer games, he is often late for class.
63. She likes speaking ill of me. I have been fed up ________her.
64. The Entrance Examination to college is________the corner. Many students are trying to prepare for it.
65. Kathy picked ______a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls when she stayed in Spain.
66. If you stick _______the work in hand, you will soon finish it.
67. Rich countries have responsibility ________poor countries.
68. She has .arranged ______her son to have swimming lessons.
69. He has done something wrong and begged his teacher _______ mercy.??
70. You can use my bike_________ condition that you can look after it well.
71. Armstrong was the first man to set foot _______the moon in July 1969.
72. The most important thing to keep ______ mind when dealing with an emergency is to stay calm.
73. Many old houses have been torn ______to make way for new roads.
74. I’ll tell you ahead _____ time whether I’m coming or not.
75. ______my great relief, he arrived on time.
76. The building _______construction is so-called the Nest.
77. She chose to learn the violin in preference _______ the piano.
78. China is developing very fast in economy and society, belonging _____ the Third World though.
79. Is it convenient _______ you on Friday?
80. I warn you, I’m beginning to lose (my) patience ______ you.
81. In fact, things were going rather well for me and I had been engaged _____a very beautiful girl.
82. There is no point ________arguing further. It won’t help much.
83. It makes no difference ________ me whether he goes or not .
84. He ran out _______all the money last week.
85. Little did I dream ________being elected at that time.
86. There is no doubt that our country can successfully send _____manned spaceship to outer space some day.
87. Generally speaking, the medicine taken ______ time will have better effect.
88. The silence of the library was broken by the sound of pages being turned _______.
89.The police were searching the room ______the top secret file.
90. As many as 50 guests were present _______his birthday party.
91. Owing _____ a lack of money we didn’t put the program into practice.
92. Your article is well written except ______ some spelling mistakes
93. The novel is said to have been translated _______30 languages.
94. The English teacher was highly thought ________by the students.
95. This kind of material can be used to take the place _________steel.
96. _________ knowing there is a guest to come，he went out to play with his brother.
97. Seconds count in an emergency, and knowing what to do can mean the difference _____life and death.
98. It is suggested that you bring a cell-phone when you are out traveling in case ___ emergency.
99. He rolled ________to a comfortable position.
100. They ran away _______ such a panic that they dropped their bags and shoes.




答案

一、
1. On, At, On, In, In 2. to, on, in, with, for 3. in, by, at 4. on, in, on, in 5. to, on, in 6. except, besides, but, except for 7. over, across, through/in 8. between, among, between 9. As, With 10. in, after, at, since, from…to

二、1.of 2. out 3.of 4.in 5. to 6.on 7. on 8.of 9.of 10.to 11. with 12.to 13.to 14.off 15.to 16.with /for 17.on 18.with 19.of 20.about/for 21.on 22.of 23.at 24.for 25.off 26.in 27.of 28.for 29.in 30.on 31.with 32.in 33.through 34.of 35.into 36.to 37.over 38.to 39.in 40.in 41.of 42.for 43.In 44.On 45.to /with 46.with 47.in 48.from 49.of 50.to 51.into 52.from 53.to 54.to 55.to 56.with 57.on 58.to 59.to 60.in 61.With 62.to 63.with 64.around 65.up 66.to 67.for 68.for 69.for 70.on 71.on 72.in 73.down 74.of 75.To 76.under 77.to 78.to 79.for 80.with 81.to 82.in 83.to 84.of 85.of 86.up 87.on 88.over 89.for 90.at 91.to 92.for 93.into 94.of 95.of 96.Despite 97.between 98.of 99.over 100.in














21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）



HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)