高中英语人教新课标必修四-Unit 3 A taste of English humour知识点学案（有答案）

Unit 3 A taste of English humour


【学习目标】
掌握本单元的常用词汇表达。
【学习重难点】
熟练记住常用词汇与词组。
【学习方法】
速读、细读、归纳、练习
【学习内容】
一、重点词汇
1. astonish vt. 使惊诧
Her captive beauty astonished the audience.
她那摄人心魄的美震惊了观众。
astonished adj. 感到惊讶的
astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的，惊人的
astonishment n. 惊讶
be astonished at sth. / that 对……感到惊讶
in astonishment 惊讶地
to one's astonishment 令某人惊讶的是
根据汉语意思，完成英文句子
(1)他在会议上所说的话令在场的每个人都惊讶。
What he said at the meeting ________ (astonish) everyone present.
(2)他考试没及格，这使我感到很惊讶。
To my great ____________ (astonish), he didn't pass the exam.
答案：astonished
astonishment
(3)他惊讶地看了我一眼。
He gave me an ________ (astonish) look.
(4)他竟然缺席了，真是令我惊讶。
It is ________ (astonish) to me that he should be absent.
答案：astonished
astonishing

2. entertain vt. 使欢乐；款待
He entertained the whole table with his witty remarks.
他妙语连珠，把整桌人都给逗乐了。
entertaining adj. 使人愉快的，有趣的
entertainment n. 款待，娱乐
根据汉语意思，完成英文句子
(1)他给我们讲故事，说笑话，让我们高兴了好几个小时。
He ________ (entertain) us for hours with his stories and jokes.
(2)电影应该是有娱乐性的。
Films should be ________ (entertain)．
答案：entertained
entertaining
(3)电视提供大众化的娱乐。
Television provides universal ________ (entertain)．
答案：entertainment

3. failure n. 失败；失败的人(或事)
The failure was an unfortunate blow to his ambition.
这次失败对他的抱负是一个沉重的打击。
fail v. 失败，使失望
failing n. 缺点；弱点
fail to do sth. 没有/疏忽/忘记做某事
根据汉语意思，完成英文句子
(1)马丁没有受到他失败的影响。
Martin was not affected by __________________.
(2)虽然她有缺点，我还是喜欢她。
I like her in spite of ____________________.
答案：his failure
her failings
(3)当我需要他帮助时，他却使我失望。
When I wanted his help he_____________me.
(4)他从来没有忘记每周给母亲写信。
He __________________ to his mother every week.
答案：failed
never fails to write\

4. overcome vt. 征服；压倒
I believe we will find a way to overcome that obstacle.
我相信我们能找到克服障碍的方法。
其近义词有： get over, conquer, go through
根据汉语意思，完成英文句子
(1)他克服了恐高症。
He ________________ his fear of height.
(2)你在露营时必须克服许多不便。
There are many inconveniences that you have to ______________ when you are camping.
答案：overcame
go through
我克服了讨厌数学的毛病。
I ________________my dislike for mathematics.
答案：conquered

5. convince vt. 使信服
He hoped that he could convince the jury of his innocence.
他希望他可以说服陪审团，相信他是无辜的。
convincing adj. 令人信服的
be convinced of sth. 确信……，坚信……
be convinced to do sth. 被说服做某事
be convinced that…确信……，坚信……
提示：当sb.作主语时，一般用相对应的被动结构。remind也有相同用法。
根据汉语意思，完成英文句子
(1)这个疑犯试图让警察相信他的无辜。
The suspect tried ____________________ the police of his innocence.
(2)萨姆坚信他的女友是爱他的。
Sam _________________ his girlfriend loves him.
答案：to convince
is convinced that
(3)我相信他的真诚。
I ____________________ his sincerity.
(4)我们说服她为了安全考虑坐火车而不坐飞机。
We ____________________ by train rather than plane for the sake of safety.
答案：am convinced of
convinced her to go

6. direct vt. & vi. 导演；指挥
adj. 直接的，笔直的，径直的
“Curse of the Golden Flower” directed by Zhang Yimou is attractive in sound and picture.
张艺谋的《满城尽带黄金甲》音质和画面都十分吸引人。
director n. 经理；负责人；导演
direction n. 方向；管理；说明
in all directions 朝四面八方
under my direction 由我指挥
follow the directions 按照说明书
用所给词的正确形式填空
(1)The movie __________ (direct) by Steven Spielberg.
(2)When the police arrived, the crowd scattered in all ________ (direct)．
答案：was directed
Directions

7. support vt. & n. 支持，拥护；养活，资助；支撑
He had to leave school to help his mother support the family.
为了帮助母亲承担家庭的重担，他不得不退了学。
support oneself 自力更生
support one's family 养家糊口
support one's opinion 支持某人的想法

8. outstanding adj. 杰出的；优秀的
He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his outstanding achievements in humanity.
他因为对人类作出的杰出贡献而获得诺贝尔奖。
根据汉语意思，完成英文句子
(1)得奖学金的女孩是相当优秀的。
The girl who won the scholarship was ____________________.
(2)她是一位以风景画而出名的画家。
She is a painter _________________her landscapes.
quite outstanding
outstanding for

9. particular adj. 特殊的，特别的
Several steps may be taken depending on the particular circumstances.
根据具体的形势可能会考虑采取几步相应措施。
in particular 特别，尤其
be particular about 对……(过于)挑剔的、讲究的
根据汉语意思，完成英文句子
(1)那是场不错的音乐会--我尤其喜欢最后那首歌。
It was a good concert - I enjoyed the last song ____________________.
(2)你那封信里没有什么特别重要的内容。
There was nothing in the letter of_________________.
答案：in particular
particular importance
(3)他对吃东西非常讲究。
He ____________________ what he eats.
答案：is very particular about

二、重点短语
1. badly off 穷的；缺少的
Having lost job, he became quite badly off.
失业后他变得穷困潦倒。
反义词：well off 富裕的
well-off level 小康水平
well-off family 小康之家
根据汉语意思，完成英文句子
(1)当时学校缺少老师。
The school then ____________________ for teachers.
(2)难民需要毯子，更需要食物。
The refugees are ____________ for blankets, and even ____________ for food.
答案：was badly off
badly off；worse off
(3)他丢掉了差事，经济状况比以前更糟。
He has lost his job and is ____________than ever.
(4)优越的家庭环境更易让人产生惰性。
____________________ environment makes it easier for people to become lazy.
答案：worse off
A well-off family

2. on the edge of 在……的边缘；即将；濒于
There was too much pressure on me and I was on the edge of breakdown.
我压力太大了，就快崩溃了。
on the edge of bankruptcy 处于破产的边缘
on the edge of extinction 濒临灭绝
on the edge of unemployment 在失业的边缘
on the edge of war 在开战的边缘
根据汉语意思，完成英文句子
(1)他坐在椅子的边缘。
He sat ____________________ a chair.
(2)这家商店已到破产的边缘，肯定很快就得关闭。
The shop is ____________________ and surely have to be closed soon.
答案：on the edge of
on the edge of bankruptcy
(3)这些物种在新西兰大陆上濒临灭绝。
The species is ____________________on the New Zealand mainland.
答案：on the edge of extinction

3. pick out 挑出，辨别出
I'm going to pick out a few books to send to some friends in South China.
我将挑选几本书寄给华南的几个朋友。
pick at 申诉，指责；找茬
pick off 摘下，摘掉
pick up 捡起，(用车)接某人，学会(语言)，接收
根据汉语意思，完成英文句子
(1)你挑出你要看的电影了吗？
Have you picked ________ the movie you want to see?
(2)不要管那孩子；你总是找她的茬儿。
Leave the child alone; you're always picking ________ her.
答案：out at
(3)这些花一朵也不能采摘。
Don't pick ________ any of these flowers.
(4)请在校门口等候，约翰会到那里接你。
Please wait at the school gate. John will pick you ________ there.
(5)孩子们已经学会了当地的口音。
The children have picked ________ the local accent.
答案：off up up

4. star in 担任主角，主演
He starred as the leading role in several plays.
他在几部戏剧中担任了主角。
注意：star可以作及物动词，意为“以……为主角”。
根据汉语意思，完成英文句子
(1)周杰伦明年要主演一部新影片。
Jay Chou is ____________________ a new film next year.
(2)导演想让她在这部新影片中担任主角。
The director wanted to_______________ the new film.
答案：to star in
star her in
(3)卓别林主演了《淘金热》这部片子。
Chaplin ____________________ “The Gold Rush”．
答案：starred / featured in
Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse off…
不幸的是他的父亲死后，他的家境变得更糟了……
用所给词的正确形式填空
不幸的是，下了一天的大雨。
_____________ (fortunately), it rained hard the whole day.
Unfortunately

四、作文指导
地点介绍(基础写作)
地理位置方位介绍常用句型：
1. 表示位置
Fujian Province lies in the southeast of China.
福建省位于中国的东南部。
On the top of the mountain lies a temple.
山顶有一座庙。
The teaching building is located at the back of the school.
教学楼坐落于校园的后面。
2. 表示历史
The city has/possesses/owns a history of more than 1,000 years.
这个城市有1000多年历史。
The city with a history of more than 1,000 years is our pride.
这座有1000多年历史的城市是我们的骄傲。
3. 表示面积
The new square will have/cover an area of 100,000 square meters.
新广场将占地10万平方米。
A new school with an area of more than 200,000 square meters will be set up.
一所占地20万平方米的新学校将被建立。
4. 表示人口
Shanghai has a population of more than 20,000,000.
上海人口超过两千万。
5. 表示“是……之乡/乐土”
This region is the home of many species of wild flowers.
这一地区是多种野花的家园。
The countryside in the north is hospitable to such fruits.
北方的乡下适宜这些水果的生长。
6. 表示“有……美誉”
This area enjoys the reputation of a land with milk and honey.
这个地方有“鱼米之乡”的美誉。
As we all know, it is famous/well-known for…
众所周知，它以……而著名。
This country/city is rich /abundant in…
这个国家/城市有丰富的……
The special character of…is…
……的特殊性是……
你将带领一个外国旅游团参观长城，请根据以下信息要点，用5个英语句子写一份长城的简单介绍。
历史 有两千多年的历史
特点 1.世界上最长的城墙，有6000多千米。
2．建筑材料主要为石头、砖头，修建工作都是人工进行。3．主要用于防御外来入侵者，所以沿墙每隔几百米就有烽火台(watchtower)。
现状 世界最著名旅游景点之一，每年吸引许多外国游客到长城观光旅游。
【写作要求】
1．只能使用5个句子表达全部内容；
2. 介绍的开头已经给出，不计入总句数。
Welcome to the Great Wall.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
第一步：审题，确定写作内容。本篇写作是介绍长城的历史、特点及现状，为表格所列举的全部内容。
第二步：确定时态。介绍长城特点的第2,3点时应用一般过去时，介绍其他信息用一般现在时。
第三步：翻译要点。
1. The Great Wall has a history of more than 2,000 years.
2. It is the longest wall in the world.
3. It measures 6,000 kilometers in length.
4. The Great Wall was mainly made of stones and bricks.
5. All the construction was done by hand.
6. The Great Wall was built with the purpose of defending the country against invaders so there were watchtowers every few hundred meters along it.
7. The Great Wall has become one of the most famous tourist attractions in the world.
8. The Great Wall attracts hundreds of thousands of foreign tourists every year.
第四步：整合信息，合并句子。第1,2,3句是对长城基本信息的介绍，我们可以借助于同位语和分词结构将其合并为一句：Measuring 6,000 kilometers in length, the Great Wall, the longest wall
in the world, has a history of more than 2,000 years. 第4,5句是关于长城修建的，而且两句之间为并列关系，因此我们可以用and合并为一句：The Great Wall is that it was mainly made of stones and bricks and almost all the construction was done by hand.其他几点单独成句即可。
第五步：连句成篇。运用适当的衔接词语使文章连贯，增强文章的文采和可读性。
Welcome to the Great Wall. Measuring 6,000 kilometers in length, the Great Wall, the longest wall in the world, has a history of more than 2,000 years. What's amazing about the Great Wall is that it was mainly made of stones and bricks and almost all the construction was done by hand without any machine. The wall was built with the purpose of defending the country against invaders so there were watchtowers every few hundred meters along it. Now, as a symbol of China, the Great Wall has become one of the most famous tourist attractions in the world. No wonder that it attracts hundreds of thousands of foreign tourists every year.
请根据所给的信息，用英语介绍斐济。
【写作内容】
国名： 斐济群岛共和国(The Republic of The FiJi Islands)
地理位置： 太平洋的中心，新西兰的北部，澳大利亚的西北部
陆地面积： 1.8万平方公里
首都： 苏瓦(Suva)
人口： 大约86.1万
官方语言：英语
气候： 气候温和，阳光充足，年平均气温为22℃～30℃
国庆节： 每年10月10日
交通： 水、陆、空便利，太平洋群岛的交通中心
【写作要求】
只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。
______________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________
One possible version：
Located in the heart of the Pacific Ocean, the Republic of The FiJi Islands is situated to the north of New Zealand and northwest of Australia with a land area of 18,000 square kilometers. Fiji, whose capital is Suva, has a population of 861,000 and the official language is English. It has a warm climate with plenty of sunshine and the average temperature ranges from 22℃ to 33℃. National day falls on October 10th every year. With the convenient sea, land and air transportation, it is the traffic center of the Pacific islands.

【达标检测】
一、单词
1. adj. 满足的 vt. 使满足 n. 满足____________________
2. vt. 使惊诧____________________
3. adv. 不幸地____________________
4. adj. 平常的；普通的____________________
5. adj. 厌烦的____________________
6. v. 使欢乐；款待____________________
7. prep. 贯穿 adv. 到处；始终____________________
8. n. 失败(者____________________
9. v. 战胜；克服____________________
10. v. 咀嚼(食物)；嚼碎____________________
11. vt. 使信服____________________
12. v. 导演；指挥____________________
adj. 直接的；直率的____________________
13. adj. 突出的；杰出的；显著的____________________
14. adj. 特殊的；特别的____________________
n. 细节；细目____________________
15. n. 预算；开支____________________
16. v. (使)滑动；(使)滑行____________________
n．滑；滑动；幻灯片____________________
17. vt. 使发笑；使愉快____________________
18. n. 耳语；低语 v. 低语；小声说____________________
19. adj. 巨大的；辽阔的____________________
20. vi. 作出反应；回应____________________
答案：content；astonish；unfortunately；ordinary；bored；entertain；throughout
failure；overcome；chew；convince；direct；outstanding；particular
budget；slide；amuse；whisper ；vast；react
二、短语
1. 直到现在____________________
2. 挑出；辨别出____________________
3. 主演；担任主角____________________
4. 对……满足____________________
5. 穷的；缺少的____________________
6. 切断；断绝____________________
7. 在……的边缘____________________
答案：up to now；pick out；star in；be/feel content with；badly off；cut off；on the edge of
三、句子填空
1.As Victor Hugo once said, “Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face”， and up to now nobody ________ (be) able to do this better ________ Charlie Chaplin.
2.___________ (fortune) his father died, ________ (leave) the family even worse off, so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother.
3.No one was ever bored watching him - his subtle acting made everything ________ (entertain)．
4.They are so hungry ________ they try boiling a pair of leather shoes for their dinner.
答案：1.has been；Unfortunately 2.than；leaving 3. entertaining 4. that
四、写作
请根据以下内容，写一篇英语短文。
培养高尚的情趣和乐观的信念。
一个心胸狭窄、思想消极的人是不会有幽默感的，幽默属于那些心胸宽广、对生活满怀热情的人。你要是跟会幽默的人在一起时间长了，你自然也就会幽默了。
提高观察力和想象力，多参加社会交往，多接触不同性格的人。
增强社会交往能力，也可以使自己的幽默感增强。
【写作要求】
必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给信息。
参考词汇：乐观的信念 optimistic beliefs; 思想消极 negative attitude; 满怀生活热情 enthusiasm for life; 增强幽默感 build up a sense of humour
It is important and necessary to cultivate yourself with noble ideas and optimistic beliefs. A narrow-minded person with negative attitude will never learn humor, which belongs to those broad-minded with enthusiasm for life. If you always stay with humorous people, you naturally will be a person with some sense of humor. With rich imagination and keen observation, you can take part
in more social activities and make friends with people of different personalities. Only in this way can you build up your sense of humour.