高中英语人教新课标必修二-Unit 5 Music知识点学案（有答案）

Unit 5 Music


【学习目标】
掌握本单元的常用词汇表达。
【学习重难点】
熟练记住常用词汇与词组。
【学习方法】
速读、细读、归纳、练习
【学习内容】
一、重点词汇
1. dream v．做梦；梦见；梦想；想到　
n．梦；梦想
He dreams of one day becoming a famous musician.
他梦想有朝一日成为著名的音乐家。
I dreamed that I was flying in the sky.
我梦见在天空飞翔。
Everyone dreams of a better future.
每个人都梦想着有个美好的未来。
●用法拓展
beyond sb.'s dream超过某人的期望
have a dream＝dream a dream做一个梦
realize one's dream实现梦想
no/never dream of做梦也没想到，未想到
【即境活用】
翻译句子
①我做了个梦：我赢得了一枚金牌。
________________________________________________________________________
单项填空
②Oh, it's you! I have never ________ meeting here.
A．dreamed of we B．dreamed our
C．dreamed of our D．dreamed that we
③If you don't work hard, your dreams will never ________.
A．be come true B．come true
C．realize D．be to realize
答案：①I dreamed a dream that I won a gold medal.
②C　③B　

2．familiar adj. 熟悉的；常见的；亲近的　
n．密友；常客
Students should not try to be familiar in their behavior toward their teachers.
学生在老师面前不应举止随便。
Are you familiar with the film Gone with the Wind?
你熟悉电影《乱世佳人》吗？
We are familiars of the Chinese Embassy.
我们是中国大使馆的常客。
●用法拓展
sb. be familiar with sth.某人非常熟悉某物
sth. be familiar to sb.某物对某人来说非常熟悉
make oneself familiar with
同……好(熟悉)起来；同……亲近起来
即境活用
单项填空
Are you familiar ________ the story which is based ________ a folk song?
A．with; on B．to; on
C．at; in D．from; at
答案：A　

3．attach vt. 缚上；系上；贴上
v．配属；隶属于
He attached a label to his bag in the airport.
在机场，他把标签贴到了包上。
Our school is attached to this normal university.
我们学校附属于这所师范院校。
He attached his horse to a tree.
他将马拴在树上。
●用法拓展
attach oneself to依附；热爱，依恋
be attached to连在……上，附属于；热爱，依恋
attach importance to认为……重要
●易混辨析attach，add与fasten
三者均含有“把一件东西或一件事添加或附加于另一件东西(或事)上”的意思。
attach表示“多为外形的结合，可以连得上去，也可拆得开来”，还可用于比喻的意义。如：
attach labels to all his luggage把标签贴到行李上
add是最普通的词，可用于一切有形的和无形的东西。如：
add some salt to the soup往汤里边加点盐
add usefulness增加实用价值
fasten表示“结牢，拴住”，用于有形的东西，有时可与attach互用。如：
fasten an ox to the tree把牛拴在树上
【即境活用】
翻译句子
①你认为他说的话重要吗？
________________________________________________________________________
②这个小姑娘非常喜欢他的英语老师。
________________________________________________________________________
③这个小孩太小了，还不会自己系鞋带呢。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：①Do you attach any importance to what he said?
②The little girl attached herself to her English teacher.
③The boy is too young to fasten his shoes.

4．form n．形状；形态
v. 形成；构成；排列；(使)组成
The American basketball team was in excellent form throughout this Olympic Games.
美国篮球队在整个奥运会期间一直处于极好的竞技状态。
Christian Churches are often built in the form of a cross.
基督教堂常常建成十字形。
The soldiers formed in a line，marching on the road to the front.
士兵们排成一列，行进在去前线的路上。
●用法拓展
form the habit of养成……的习惯
in the form of以……形式
be in(out of)form处于良好(不良)的状态
in form在形式上
【即境活用】
单项填空
①The children were________ small groups，going from door to door to collect candies.
A．formed to　 B．made into
C．made from D．formed into
翻译句子
②一旦养成了吸烟的坏习惯，就很难再去除。
________________________________________________________________________
③水可以以固体、液体和气体的形式存在。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：①D　
②It's quite hard to get rid of it once you have formed the habit of smoking.
③Water can exist in the form of solid，fluid and steam.

5．perform v．做；履行；演出；表演；工作，运转(好/不好)
She performs an important role in our organization.
她在我们的组织中发挥着重要的作用。
I'd like to hear it performed live.
我希望听现场演出。
The company has been performing poorly over the past years.
这家公司过去几年业绩欠佳。
●用法拓展
performance n．表演；演技；表现；履行
give/put on a performance上演；表演节目
performer n．表演者
【即境活用】
单项填空
I've never seen a Shakespeare's play________ so wonderfully.
A．performing B．performed
C．perform D．is performing
答案：B

6．pretend v．假装；假扮
●用法拓展
pretend sth.伪称某事to be＋n./adj.假装是……to do sth.假装做某事to be doing sth.假装正在做某事to have done sth.假装已经做了某事that-clause假装……
●特别提醒
注意pretend后接不定式时，不定式可用各种不同的时态，表示不同的时间关系。
【即境活用】
单项填空
①Mike pretended________ lunch when mother stepped in the kitchen.
A．prepare B．to prepare
C．to be preparing D．to be preparing for
②What made me sad was that she________ not to see me when I said hello to her.
A．assumed B．pretended
C．determined D．guessed
答案：①C　pretend to be doing sth.假装正在干某事。句意为：当妈妈进厨房时，迈克假装正在做午饭。prepare lunch做午饭；prepare for lunch为午饭做准备，指买菜、买肉等事先的准备工作。
②B　考查词义辨析。assume假设；pretend假装；determine决定；guess猜测。句意为：使我伤心的是当我向她打招呼时，她假装没有看到我。由句意可知B项正确。

7．earn v．赚得；获得；使得到
●用法拓展
earn/make one's/a living
●特别提醒
earn作“赚钱，谋生”讲时，后面不用介词；作“使得到；使赢得”讲时，后可跟双宾语，earn后也可加上from。
●易混辨析earn，gain与win
①earn指经过艰苦的努力而获得报酬，其宾语一般是金钱、荣誉等。
②gain指经过斗争、竞争或劳动达到目的，获得优势，其宾语多为优势、经验等。
③win一般指在竞争中获胜，其宾语多为比赛、竞赛等，有时也可表示“赢得(荣誉等)”。
She gained rich experience in teaching.
她获得了丰富的教学经验。
We congratulated him on his winning the first prize.
我们祝贺他获得了一等奖。
【即境活用】
单项填空
He can________$3,000 a year by writing stories and support a family of three people.
A．spare B．afford
C．earn D．charge
答案：C　考查动词辨析。earn赚得；spare匀出，抽出；afford负担，担负得起；charge收取……的费用。句意为：他通过写故事每年赚得3000美元用于支持一家三口人的生活。

8．extra adj.额外的；外加的；特别的　
adv.特别地　
n．外加费用
●用法拓展
(1)extra pay for extra work多劳多得
(2)extra help额外的帮助
(3)work extra hard工作特别努力
①They charge extra for wine.
酒钱他们另外算。
②Breakfast is an extra at this hotel.
这家旅馆早餐要另外收费。
③an extra loaf of bread
额外的一个面包
【即境活用】
单项填空
________ work must be done if you want to finish the project within such a short time.
A．Spare B．Special
C．More D．Extra
答案：D　

二、重点短语
1. what do you think...？你认为……怎样？
●用法拓展
“疑问词＋do you think/believe/suppose/imagine...”句型中，do you think是插入语，其后的部分用陈述语序，意为“你认为……怎么样？”
Who do you think will win the game?
你认为谁会赢这场比赛？
●用法拓展
I think/believe/suppose/imagine/expect＋宾语从句，意为“我认为……”。
I don't think/believe/suppose/imagine/expect＋宾语从句，意为“我认为……不”。
I think/believe/suppose/imagine/expect so.
我认为这样。
I don't think/believe/suppose/imagine/expect so.
＝I think/believe/suppose/imagine/expect not.
我认为不是这样。
I hope so/not.希望这样/不是这样。
I'm afraid so/not.恐怕这样/不是这样。
I guess so/not.我猜是这样/不是这样。
①I don't think anyone in the restaurant knew what had happened.
我认为饭店里没人知道所发生的事情。
②-Do you believe he can do such a silly thing?
你认为他会做这种傻事吗？
-I hope not.
我希望没有。
【即境活用】
完成句子
为什么你认为他辞职了呢？
Why ________ ________ ________ he resigned?
答案：do you suppose/do you think　

2．to be honest 老实说；说实话
To be honest，I don't think we have a chance of winning.
说实话，我认为我们没有获胜的可能。
To be honest，we don't want to go to the cinema with him.
说实在的，我们不想和他一起去看电影。
●用法拓展
be honest in(doing)sth.在(做)……方面诚实
be honest with sb.给某人说实话，同某人规规矩矩
honestly speaking老实说，说实话
【即境活用】
翻译句子
①在老师面前，学生应该规规矩矩。
________________________________________________________________________
单项填空
②________speaking，he is not fit for his present position.
A．Honest B．To honest
C．Honestly D．To honestly
答案：①Students should always be honest with their teachers.
②C　

3．break up 意为“粉碎；结束；(学校)期终放假”
The ship broke up on the rocks.
船触礁撞碎了。
Their marriage has broken up.
他们的婚姻已经破裂。
When do you break up for Christmas?
你们什么时候放假过圣诞节？
●用法拓展
break的相关短语：
break sth. up拆开；打散；结束(关系等)
break away(from sb./sth.)逃脱；脱离；背叛
break down出故障；失败；垮掉
break in强行进入；打断
break into sth.强行闯入；突然开始(笑、唱等)
break off断开；中断
break out突然开始；爆发
break through取得突破；做出新的重大发现
Negotiations between the two sides have broken down.
双方谈判已经破裂。
The thieves must have had someone on the inside to help them break in.
那伙盗贼一定有内应，协助他们闯了进去。
The thieves planned to break into a bank.
行窃者计划洗劫银行。
Scientists say they are beginning to break through in the fight against cancer.
科学家们说，他们在防治癌症方面开始有所突破。
She broke off a piece of chocolate and gave it to me.
她掰下一块巧克力给我。
【即境活用】
单项填空
With so much work filling my mind，I almost________.
A．break up B．break off
C．break down D．break in
答案：C

4．above all意为“首先；尤其是；最重要的是”
Children should learn above all how to observe good manners at table.
小孩首先应学会餐桌礼仪。
What a children should do，above all，is to do well in his studies.
小孩子该做的最重要的事是学好功课。
●用法拓展
all的相关短语：
after all毕竟；终究；归根结底；(解释或说明理由)别忘了
(not)at all一点也(不)；完全(不)
in all总共；共计
all in all总的说来
Don't blame him for breaking that vase，after all he is a child.
别怪他打碎那个花瓶，他毕竟是小孩子嘛。
He visited，in all，ten hospitals in China.
他在中国共参观了10家医院。
All in all，he's more learned than he was ten years ago.
总的说来，他比10年前更有学问了。
●易混辨析above all，first of all，first，at first，firstly
①above all是从重要性方面强调的，指重要性在若干事物中位置最重。
②first of all侧重于顺序或次序，意为“首先；第一步”。
③first可以强调“首先；第一”；也可以用来列举。
④at first意为“起初；开始”，相当于at the beginning。
⑤firstly用来列举若干事物时引出第一点。
Marriage is，first of all，a contract which must be governed by justice.
婚姻首先是一种契约，它必须以公正为制约。
Read the text first and then explain the new words.
先读课文，然后解释生词。
Driving on the left is strange at first but you get used to it.
沿着路的左侧驾驶刚开始时有些别扭，可是习惯了就好了。
The illness can develop in two ways：firstly，in cases of high blood pressure and secondly...
这种病有两种情况：第一，由高血压引起；第二……
【即境活用】
单项填空
He has his faults，but，________，he is a good helper.
A．above all B．in all
C．all in all D．at all
答案：C

5．or so大约
●用法拓展
or else否则，要不然
about不与a few，more than，several连用，只与确切数字连用。
around多修饰时间和日期。
some修饰时间或数额，但不修饰时间点概念的数词。
or rather确切地说
【即境活用】
单项填空
I can't remember it clearly，it may be 300________.
A．about B．round
C．or so D．around
答案：C　or so意为“大约”。

6．play jokes on 戏弄
●用法拓展
play a joke on sb.捉弄某人
for a joke只是开玩笑
have a joke开个玩笑
joke about拿……开玩笑
make fun of sb.取笑某人
laugh at sb.嘲笑某人；讥讽某人
tell a joke讲个笑话
●易混辨析play jokes on，make fun of与laugh at
三者都有“开玩笑”的意思。
①play jokes on开玩笑；说逗人发笑的话；戏弄(经常是善意的)
The students often play jokes on each other after class.
下课后学生们经常互相开玩笑。
②make fun of开玩笑；嘲笑；取笑(可以是善意的，也可以是恶意的)
It's cruel to make fun of people who stammer.
嘲笑口吃的人未免不近人情。
③laugh at嘲笑；取笑(别人的缺点、毛病、残疾等)
They laughed at him for his being stupid.
他们都讥笑他的愚蠢。
【即境活用】
完成句子
①Nobody likes________ ________ ________ ________(被人捉弄)．
②It's not polite to________ ________ ________ ________(取笑)the disabled.
③Don't________ ________(嘲笑)persons who are in trouble.
答案：①being played jokes on
②play a joke on
③laugh at

三、重点句式
1. How does music make you feel?
音乐给你什么样的感觉？
●用法拓展
make sb. do意为“让某人做某事”。如果结构当中的sb.和后面的动词do构成动宾关系，则需要用done代替do，即：
make (oneself) done…make sb. do的被动形式应该为：be made to do…另外，类似的用法还有动词：have, let等。
【即境活用】
用所给词的适当形式完成句子
①When I was young, my mother always made me ________ (study) all the time.
②The speaker raised his voice in order to make himself ________ (hear)．
答案：①study　②heard

2．Have you ever dreamed of playing in front of thousands of people at a concert，with everyone clapping and appreciating your music?
你是否梦想过在音乐会上面对成千上万的观众，你一边演唱，观众一边欣赏你的音乐并为你鼓掌？
●用法拓展
句中with everyone clapping是with复合结构，用做伴随状语。其中的宾语补足语可以由现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式、介词短语、形容词或副词来充当。
【即境活用】
翻译句子
①所有的一切都完成后，他上床睡觉了。
________________________________________________________________________
②睡觉的时候，他喜欢开着窗户。
________________________________________________________________________
单项填空
③With________，the teacher went into the classroom.
A．book in his hand
B．a book in his hand
C．book in a hand
D．his book in a hand
答案：①With everything done，he went to bed.
②He likes to sleep with windows open.
③B

3．They put an advertisement in a newspaper looking for rock musicians，but they could only find one who was good enough.
他们在报纸上登了一则广告，想招摇滚乐手，但他们只招到一个满意的。
●用法拓展
looking for rock musicians为现在分词短语作伴随状语。
Suddenly，a tall man driving a golden carriage seized the girl and took her away，disappearing in the woods.
突然，一个开着黄色车的男子抓住那个女孩并把她带走了，而后消失在树林中。
The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks，adding that he had enjoyed his stay here.
这位访问大使表示对谈判非常满意，又补充说他在这里过得很愉快。
●用法拓展
①动词的?ing形式可以作定语，表示被修饰的名词的用途和性能，如：a walking stick手杖；也可以表示动作正在进行或主动意义，它所修饰的人或物是分词动作的执行者，如：a moving film一部感人的影片。
②动词的?ing形式作状语可表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式、伴随状语等意义。
【即境活用】
单项填空
The long-lasting war，filled with blood and deaths，ended in people's sadness，________no result.
A．reached B．to reach
C．would reach D．reaching
答案：D

4．Each week on TV，the Monkees would play and sing songs written by other musicians.
门基乐队每个星期都要在电视上演唱由别的音乐家创作的歌曲。
●用法拓展
written by other musicians为过去分词短语作定语，修饰前面的名词songs。
The book，written in 1957，tells the struggle of the miners.
这本书是1957年写的，讲的是关于矿工斗争的故事。
What's the language spoken in that area?
那个地区讲的是什么语言？
●温馨提示
过去分词除了作定语以外，还可以作状语，表示原因、时间、条件、方式或伴随等意义。用分词短语作状语时，它逻辑上的主语要与句子的主语保持一致，否则分词短语就要有自己的逻辑主语(用名词或代词的主格来表示)，这种结构称为独立主格结构。
Frightened by the noise in the night，the girl didn't dare to sleep in her room.
姑娘被夜里的响声吓坏了，不敢在自己的屋里睡觉了。
Seen from the hill，the park looks very beautiful.
从山上看这个公园非常漂亮。
Given more attention，the cabbages could have grown better.
如果再精心一些，这些大白菜还可以长得更好。
The hunter left his house，followed by his dog.
猎人离开了屋子，后面跟着他的狗。
All our saving gone，we started looking for jobs.
积蓄全部用完了，我们就开始找工作。
【即境活用】
单项填空
The article________ on this subject was written by Mr. Black.
A．referring B．referred
C．referring to D．referred to
答案：D

5．As you know，our band was formed in a very unusual way.
你知道，我们的乐队是以一种不同寻常的方式组织起来的。
●用法拓展
as you know正如你所知道的
as we all know＝as is known to all众所周知
as is seen from the picture正如图画中所看到的
as is reported正如所报道的一样
as is often the case正像经常发生的情况一样
【即境活用】
单项填空
________is known to all，Democrat Barack Obama won the US presidential election，________American history.
A．As；made B．Which；making
C．As；making D．Which；made
答案：C　as is known to all“众所周知”。奥巴马当选总统，创造了美国历史，making...表结果。

6．The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.
这些音乐人彼此打趣逗笑，演奏音乐，并且，大部分的音乐是以Beatles乐队的音乐为基础。
●用法拓展
of which是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。在这一结构中，指人时只能用whom，指物时只能用which。
【即境活用】
完成句子
①The pencil ________ ________ he wrote was broken.
②She has three children, all ________ ________ are at school.
③In the dark street, there wasn't person ________ ________ she could turn for help.
答案：①with which　②of whom　③to whom　

【达标检测】
一、单项填空
1．Tom put his heart into the wildlife research, and finally, his efforts ________ him great success and fame.
A．saved　B．earned
C．made D．offered
答案：B
解析：earn success“赢得成功”，earn的宾语可以是金钱，也可以是荣誉、尊敬等。
2．She is ________ the newspapers to be thrown away and putting away the rest.
A．sorting out B．figuring out
C．making out D．turning out
答案：A
解析：sort out“给……分类”，指把物品分门别类地处理。figure out“弄清楚；弄明白”；make out“辨认出”；turn out“结果是”。
3．-What a qualified husband he is!
-Definitely. Lots of people are touched by his ________ to his wife who has weak eyesight.
A．devotion B．deed
C．satisfaction D．service
答案：A
解析：devotion“献身；忠诚”，常与to搭配，符合题意。
4．-Why did the police ________ the crowd?
-Because the president's car ________ in the street.
A．break down; broke down
B．break up; broke up
C．break down; broke up
D．break up; broke down
答案：D
解析：break up“强行驱散”；break down“抛锚”，均为固定搭配。
5．I don't know the result for sure, but ________with you, I don't think our team won an advantage over theirs in yesterday's competition.
A．not at all B．it depends
C．to be honest D．no problem
答案：C
解析：to be honest“说实话”，为插入语，后接宾语时需加介词with，插入语后常接表达自己观点或看法的句子。not at all“一点也不”；it depends“视情况而定”；no problem“没问题”。
6．You may certainly ________ his words, for he always speaks the truth.
A．pay attention to B．ask for
C．suffer from D．rely on
答案：D
解析：由for引导的原因状语从句可知D项正确，rely on“依靠；依赖”，此处相当于depend on。
7．Many of us Chinese people are ________ with the beauty of Hangzhou and Suzhou.
A．attractive B．confident
C．familiar D．sensitive
答案：C
解析：be familiar with...“对……了解/熟悉的”。attractive“吸引人的”；confident“自信的”；sensitive“敏感的”。
8．This Englishman is good at writing, reading and ________ is kind to others.
A．above all B．first of all
C．in all D．after all
答案：A
解析：above all意为“重要的是”，说明对人友善是这些优点中最重要的。
9．Everyone's attention was drawn to the eight-year-old girl who was ________ perfectly at the piano.
A．acting B．behaving
C．doing D．performing
答案：D
解析：perform“表演”。act“扮演；担当”；behave“举止；表现”；do“做”。
10．On April 1, the westerners will play ________ on each other but make sure that no one is hurt.
A．fun B．fool
C．jokes D．games
答案：C
解析：play jokes on sb.愚弄某人为固定短语。
二、用适当的介词或副词填空
1．To be honest ________ you, he wasn't completely honest ________ his feelings just now.
2．I have to admit that we won first place ________ chance.
3．She needn't rely any more ________ Ricoor her brothers; she could be entirely independent.
4．First sort the white things ________ from the other clothes.
5．However, after a year or so in which they became more serious ________ their work, the Monkees started to play and sing their own songs ________ a real band.
答案：1.with; about　2.by　3.on　4.out　5.about; like
三、选用合适的短语并用其适当形式填空
1．break up, break down, break in, break out, break into
①The war caused many families to ________.
②If Tim carries on working like this, he'll ________ sooner or later.
③Don't ________ while we are talking.
④Thieves ________ the bank by digging a tunnel.
⑤A serious forest fire ________ last Monday.
2．after all, at all, all in all, above all
①Don't be too hard on him. ________， he is only a five-year-old child.
②Don't waste anything, and ________， you can't waste your time.
③That hat doesn't suit you ________.
④It wasn't funny, but ________ it was a good movie.
答案：1.①break up　②break down　③break in　④broke into　⑤broke out
2．①After all　②above all　③at all　④all in all
四、根据括号内的提示翻译下列句子。
1．我认为你有能力做好这项工作。(ability to do)
________________________________________________________________________
2．他已经养成了早起的习惯。(form the habit of doing)
________________________________________________________________________
3．父亲在十几岁时就开始赚钱谋生了。(earn one's living)
________________________________________________________________________
4．这个电视剧是根据这个女警察的故事改编的。(base...on)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：1. I think you have the ability to do the work well.
2．He has formed the habit of getting up early.
3．Father began to earn his living when he was in his teens.
4．The TV play is based on the policewoman's stories.