高中英语人教新课标必修五-Unit 4 Making the news-学案（有答案）

Unit 4 Making the news


【学习目标】
掌握本单元的常用词汇表达。
【学习重难点】
熟练记住常用词汇与词组。
【学习方法】
速读、细读、归纳、练习
【学习内容】
一、重点词汇
1. accuse vt.指责；谴责；控告
accuse sb. of sth. 因……指责/控告……
be accused of (doing) sth. 因……受指责/控告……
①He was accused of theft.
他被指控犯偷盗罪。
②I don't think anyone can accuse him of not being frank.
我看谁也不能说他不坦率。
●易混辨析
accuse与charge
两个词都有“控诉，指控”之意，但它们后面所搭配的介词不同。
accuse vt.指控；控诉，与介词of连用。
charge vt.可以指因为小错而受到责备，也可指因违法而受到控告，与介词with连用。
①Are you accusing me of lying?
你是在指责我撒谎吗？
②The police charged him with murder.
警察指控他犯了谋杀罪。
即境活用
单项填空
Cooperman and Taylor are ________ of selling $4700 worth of heroin to a number of drug users.
A．accused　　 B．attached
C．accustomed D．charged
答案：A　

2．case n．情况；病例；案例
in any case无论如何，总之
just in case以防(万一)
in case of万一……，如果发生……
in no case决不(置于句首，引起倒装)
in that case 如果那样的话；在那种情况下
in the case of就……来说；关于
as is often the case这是常有的事
①In some cases, it is necessary to operate.
有些情况下，动手术是必要的。
②In case of fire, break the glass.
如果发生火灾，请砸碎玻璃。
③In no case should you give up.
你决不能放弃。
④Keep the windows closed in case it rains.
让窗子关着，以防下雨。
即境活用
单项填空
①I always take something to read when I go to the doctor's ________ I have to wait.
A．in case　　　B．so that
C．in order D．as if
②He will surely finish the job on time ________ he's left to do it in his own way.
A．in that B．in case
C．as long as D．as far as
答案：①A　②C　

3．concentrate vt. & vi.专心于；注意；集中，聚焦
concentrate sth. on sth./doing sth.专心致志于某事/做某事
concentrate one's attention on致力于……；把注意力集中在……
concentrate on sth.集中时间做某事；全神贯注于……
①The general decided to concentrate his forces near the capital.
这位将军决定把他的部队集中在首都附近。
②We must concentrate our efforts on improving education.
我们必须致力于改进教育工作。
③She couldn't concentrate on the film.
她无法全神贯注地看这部电影。
●用法拓展
put one's heart into集中注意力于……
fix one's mind on集中精力于……
pay attention to专心；注意……
focus on集中于……；聚焦于……
be absorbed in集中精力于……
be lost in集中精力于……
①He put his whole heart into thinking up ways to improve his work.
他把整个心思都用来想办法改进工作。
②The trouble is that I can't fix my mind on what I'm doing.
麻烦的是我对于我做的事集中不了注意力。
③You have to pay attention to the above questions.
你必须注意以上问题。
④They must focus on the quality of the products.
他们必须注重产品的质量。
⑤He seemed totally absorbed in the book.
他好像完全被这本书迷住了。
即境活用
单项填空
I can't ________ my studies with all that noise going on.
A．devote to 　　　B．concentrate on
C．knock down D．apply to
答案：B　

4．demand n．要求，需要；
vt. 强烈要求
demand sth.要求某物
demand sth. of/from sb.向某人要求某物
demand to do要求干……
demand that...要求……(从句用虚拟语气，即should＋动词原形，should可省略)
①There have been demands for the prime minister to resign.
已有许多人要求首相辞职。
②After school Tom demanded help from/of me.
放学后，汤姆要求我帮助。
③She demanded that I (should) tell everything to her about it.
她要求我把知道的整件事情都告诉她。
即境活用
单项填空
My teacher demanded ________ here in time.
A．us to get
B．that we arrived
C．that we arrive
D．that we had reached
答案：C　

5．inform v. 通知，告知(某人)
(1)inform sb. about/of sth. 通知某人某事
(2)inform sb. that通知某人……
(3)inform on sb.告发/检举/举报某人
(4)informal adj.轻松友好的，不拘礼节的
(5)gather/collect information收集资料
①The bank never informed us of how the money was being invested.
银行从未告知我们那笔资金投资做什么了。
②Then the doctors informed the family that there was no hope for his recovery.
然后医生通知家属他康复无望。
③Robard is now informing on others, hoping to reduce his jail sentence.
罗巴德现在告发他人希望判刑。
④You can find more information on the Civil War at the library.
你可以到图书馆找到有关内战的更多资料。
即境活用
单项填空
①I try to make him understand that I'm not interested in him, but he never gets the ________.
A．information　　B．news
C．message D．word
②Don't just wait ________. You should try to seek for information you need.
A．to inform B．to be informed
C．for informing D．for being informed
答案：①A　②B　

6．meanwhile n．其间　
adv. 其间；同时
In the meanwhile I'll visit an old friend of mine.
在这其间我将去拜访我的一位老朋友。
Meanwhile the minutes kept ticking away.
此时，时间一分一分地过去。
Eve was cutting the grass, and meanwhile Adam was planting roses.
夏娃在剪草，同时亚当在种玫瑰。
●归纳延伸
meanwhile＝at the same time＝meantime同时
in the meanwhile在此期间
即境活用
翻译句子
①Jane在写信，而在此同时Pat在看电视。(meanwhile)
________________________________________________________________________
②同时，我还要去上海几日。(in the meanwhile)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：①Jane was writing a letter and meanwhile Pat was watching TV.
②In the meanwhile, I'll go for a few days to Shanghai.　

7．employ vt. 雇用；用；使用；采用；聘用
This motor plant is employing three thousand workers.
这家汽车工厂雇佣三千名员工。
We employ different technical tools.
我们使用不同的技术工具。
How do you employ your spare time?
你是怎样利用你的空余时间的？
●归纳延伸
employ sb. as雇用某人为
employ sb. to do雇用某人去做某事
employ oneself in doing/be employed in doing花时间做某事，忙于
employee n．职工，雇员，店员
employer n．雇主，老板
employment n．雇用，使用，利用，工作，职业
即境活用
完成句子
①The firm ______________________________(聘这位退休的教授担任)an adviser.
②Amy employed ____________________________________ (花了大量时间和精力)the hobby.
③She employs ____________________(把闲暇时间花在)sewing.
答案：①employs the retired professor as
②much time and energy to
③her free time in

8．appointment n．约会；指定；任命；委派；委任的职位
I made an appointment to see the doctor.
我约定好时间去看医生。
I accepted the appointment as chairman.
我同意担任主席一职。
The appointment of a new judge was reported in the newspaper.
报上报道了任命一位新法官的消息。
●归纳延伸
make an appointment with sb.与某人约定
have an appointment to do sth.约定做某事
keep an appointment 守约
by appointment按约定
v．appoint约定，指定(时间，地点)，任命，委任
appoint sb. as sth.委任某人为……
appoint sb. to do sth.委派某人去做
即境活用
单项填空
①I'm just calling to confirm your ________ tomorrow at 3?00 pm.
A．attention　　　　　　　　B．arrangement
C．attraction D．appointment
②We must ________ a new teacher at once to the mountain school.
A．appoint B．approach
C．approve D．acquaint
答案：①D　②A　

9．accurate adj. 精确的；正确的
①His description was accurate.
他的叙述很正确。
②Journalists are not always accurate(in what they write)．
新闻工作者(的报道)并非一贯准确。
●易混辨析
accurate, correct和exact
(1)accurate的意思是“准确的，精确的”。它不仅表示没有错误，而且表示细心谨慎地做到符合标准，符合事实，无出入。
(2)correct的意思是“正确的”，指按照一定的标准或规则没有错误。在这三个词中，它的语意最弱。
(3)exact的意思是“精确的，确切的”，强调完全符合标准，符合事实或真相，丝毫没有差错。在这三个词中，它的语意最强。
①Is this watch accurate?
这块表走的准吗？
②His answer is correct.
他的回答是正确的。
③His translation is exact to the letter.
他对那封信的翻译很确切。
即境活用
单项填空
I can't tell you the ________ date, but it should be around Oct. 17, 2008.
A．accurate　B．correct
C．exact D．right
答案：D　

10．approve vt. 赞成；称许；批准
①He doesn't approve its policies.
他并不赞同它的政策。
②Congress approved the budget.
国会批准这项预算。
③The resolution was approved 68 to 10 with 28 abstentions.
决议以六十八票对十票通过，二十八票弃权。
●用法拓展
(1)approve of (doing)sth.赞成(做)某事
(2)be approved被批准
(3)approve oneself证明自己是
(4)approval n．[U]同意，批准；赞许
(5)general approval一致通过
(6)with one's approval赢得某人的赞同
(7)have sb.'s approval得到某人的赞同
(8)with (without) approval of经(未经)……的批准
(9)approving adj.赞许的；认可的
(10)approvingly adv.赞成地
①I quite approve of your plan.
我完全赞同你的计划。
②Don't expect him to approve of your design right away.
不要指望他会马上批准你的设计。
③I can't agree to anything without my parents' approval.
没有父母的认可我什么也不答应。
即境活用
单项填空
①Mr Forster has approved ________ the conference.
A．of my attending　　　　B．for my attending
C．of me to attend D．me to attend
②As far as I know, this information doesn't ________ what was announced at the meeting.
A．approve of B．fit in with
C．concentrate on D．drop out of
答案：①A　②B　

11．acquire vt. 获得；学到
How did he acquire his wealth?
他的财富是怎样得来的？
She has mastered English grammar and acquired a large vocabulary without the help of a teacher.
她在没有老师指导的情况下，掌握了英语语法，并学到了大量词汇。
I have recently acquired a taste for chocolate.
我最近开始喜欢吃巧克力了。
●用法拓展
acquire sth.获得/学到某事
acquire a taste for开始喜欢上
acquisition n．取得，获得，习得；获得物
●易混辨析
acquire，get，gain，obtain，earn，achieve与win它们作“得到”意思时的区别
acquire v．多指经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等，也可用于对财物等的获得，该词强调“一经获得就会长期持有”的含义。
get v．普通用词，使用广泛，可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。如：
Did they get any compensation when they were dismissed from their job?
他们被解雇时有没有得到赔偿费？
gain v．侧重指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就或获得某种利益或好处；亦可指军事上的武力夺取等。如：
An investor gains by buying stocks that go up in value.
投资者通过所买股票价格上涨而获利。
obtain v．着重通过巨大努力、要求而得到所需或盼望已久的东西，用于正式文体中。如：
He obtained the property with a bank loan.
他通过向银行贷款买下了那份房产。
earn v．挣得，赢得，指因工作等而得到报酬或待遇。如：
How much do you earn a week?
你一星期挣多少钱？
achieve v．得到，获得，多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。如：
The movie star achieved success and wealth.
这个影星取得了成功和财富。
win v．主要指通过努力、斗争、比赛等而获得胜利。如：
—Who won the race?
—I won but David came second.
——谁在赛跑中获胜了？
——我获胜了，不过大卫跑第二。
即境活用
翻译句子
①她通过认真学习精通了英语。(acquire)
________________________________________________________________________
②我们逐步获得了做这工作的经验。(acquire)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：①She acquired a knowledge of English by careful study.
②Gradually we acquired experience in how to do the work.

12．eager adj. 渴望的；热切的
The boy was eager for success.
那个男孩渴望获得成功。
●用法拓展
be eager for/about/after sth.渴望得到……
be eager to do sth.渴望(热切)干某事
eagerly adv.殷切地；渴望地
eagerness n．渴望；热心
近义词及相关短语有：
anxious焦急的；不安的；急切的
be anxious for sth.急切的想得到某事物
long for渴望
be greedy for渴望
look forward to期盼某物
enthusiastic热情的；热心的
keen热心的；渴望的
The boy is anxious for the toy.
那孩子急切想得到那个玩具。
He is keen to see his daughter.
他急于见到他的女儿。
We are eager that the project should be started early.
我们热切盼望这个项目被马上实施。
●易混辨析
anxious和eager
①eager表示浓厚的兴趣和迫不及待的期望；侧重于急于成功的迫切心情或进取的热情。
②anxious强调因忧虑、关注或害怕而产生的急切、着急或担心的心情。
He is eager for his parents to meet his girlfriend.
他盼望他的父母去见他的女朋友。
There is no reason to be anxious about the result.
不必为这结果而担心。
People all over the world were anxious to have peace.
全世界人民都渴望和平。
即境活用
单项填空
①The manager is________ that the project should be started early.
A．eager　　　　　　　　　B．anxious
C．worried D．busy
②The students studied hard. They were________ for knowledge.
A．worry B．worried
C．eager D．curious
答案：①A　②C　

二、重点短语
1. so as to 为了，引导目的状语，后跟动词原形
●易混辨析
in order to, so as to, in order that, so that：它们都表示“为了”。
in order to, so as to可引导目的状语，后跟动词原形。但是in order to可放在句首，so as to不可。
in order that＝so that引导目的状语从句。
在so that和in order that从句中，一般会用到may, might, can, could, will, would等。
so...as to只能表示结果，否定结构用so...as not to。
①I finish work today in order to/so as to play football tomorrow.
我今天完成工作是为了明天踢足球。
②He got up early so that he could reach there on time.
他早起床是为了能及时赶到那儿。
③I cleaned the room today in order that it might make her happy.
我今天打扫了房间是为了让她高兴。
④She was so angry as to be unable to speak.
她气得连话都说不出来了。
●特别提醒
只有两个动作的主语一致时，才能用in order to和so as to来连接，否则要用in order that或so that。
即境活用
单项填空
All these gifts must be mailed immediately ________ in time for Christmas.
A．in order to have received
B．in order to receive
C．so as to be received
D．so as to be receiving
答案：C　

2．accuse...of因……指责或控告……
The police accused him of murder.
警方指控他谋杀。
The police accused him of stealing.
警方控告他犯有盗窃罪。
●归纳延伸
accuse sb. of＝charge sb. with sth.控告/指责某人某事
类似的结构：
cheat sb. of sth.骗取某人某物
cure sb. of sth.治好某人的……，改掉某人的……
inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事
remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事
rid sb. of sth.使某人摆脱某物
rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人的某东西
warn sb. of sth.警告某人有某情况
即境活用
单项填空
He said he would never forget that I had ________ him of cheating.
A．complained　　B．informed
C．warned D．accused
答案：D　

3．depend on依靠；依赖
The students could win different prizes in the competition，depending on their performances.
在比赛中，学生们可能会获得不同的奖品，这取决于他们的表现。
The children will be divided into three groups to play games depending on their age.
根据孩子们的年龄，他们将分成三个小组玩游戏。
●用法拓展
短语depend on主要意思有：①取决于；②依赖，依靠；③信任
习惯用法：That(all)depends.＝It(all)depends.视情况而定。
Depend on it.相信吧，请相信。
His family depends on him.
他的一家人全靠他养活。
We depend on you to finish the work by Friday.
我们相信你在星期五之前能完成这项工作。
●用法拓展
depend on＝rely on依靠；依赖
rely on one's own efforts依靠自己的努力
rely on/upon sb./sth.(to do sth.)指望或依赖某人(做某事)
rely on/upon sb.'s doing sth.指望或依赖某人做某事
rely on it that...相信或依赖……
You may rely on me.
你可以信赖我。
You can rely on me to keep your secret.
你尽管相信我一定为你保密。
I rely on her paying back the money.＝I rely on her to pay back the money.
我指望她来还钱。
You may rely on it that he will come to meet you.
你可以相信他会来看你的。
Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers to help us.
现今人们越来越依赖计算机协助工作。
即境活用
单项填空
①Inflation(通货膨胀)goes up and down________ the state of the economy.
A．depends on B．depend on
C．depended on D．depending on
②—How long are you staying?
—I don't know.________.
A．That's OK B．Never mind
C．It depends D．It doesn't matter
答案：①D　②C　

4．ahead of在……前面；早于；优先
ahead of表示“(空间上或时间上)在……之前”，还表示“比……强或好”。
Tom pointed to a tree ahead of them.
汤姆指着他们前面的一棵树。
Time here is nine hours ahead of London.
这儿的时间比伦敦早九小时。
He is ahead of me in Chinese.
他的汉语比我好。
He was two classes ahead of me.
他比我高两级。
The new building was completed ahead of time.
这幢新楼提前竣工了。
She ended her European vacation ahead of schedule.
她比原计划提前结束了欧洲之旅。
●用法拓展
get ahead of超越；进步；成功；胜过
look ahead为未来着想或打算；未雨绸缪；向前看；(喻)畅想未来
go ahead(with)前进；开始；往下说；(口)干吧，去吧，继续吧
be ahead of占优势
head为动词，表示“朝……方向移动”
head还可以表示“带领”
By working hard he got ahead of the rest of the class.
通过努力，他超过了班上的其他同学。
We headed the boat out to sea.
我们将船驶向外海。
They are heading home.
他们正朝家走去。
Who is heading the party?
该党现在由谁领导？
Whose name heads the list?
谁的名字列在名单的最前头？
I'll go ahead and start the coffee.
我要去喝咖啡。
Getting ahead at work is the most important thing to Joe right now.
目前，对乔来说在工作上取得成功是最重要的。
They are going ahead in their business now.
他们的生意现在有进展。
—May I ask a favour of you?
—Go ahead，please.
——我可以请你帮忙吗？
——请说吧。
即境活用
单项填空
Denial stayed up late these days and he wanted to finish the task________ time.
A．ahead of B．instead of
C．in spite of D．as a result of
答案：A

5．be of special interest非常有趣
His later stories are of great interest because of their imagination.
他后来写的故事因为富有想象力而十分有趣。
The book for children is really of special interest.
这本儿童读物真的很有意思。
●归纳延伸
“be of＋抽象名词”，这时的of短语相当于这个名词的同根形容词，作为表语表示主语的性质或特征。of的意思是“具有、具备”等，常用于该结构的名词常见的有be of use/importance/help/value/interest/benefit/necessity。
即境活用
用be of＋n.结构完成句子
①Don't hesitate to tell me if I can ________________(帮上任何忙)．
②What he said at the meeting ____________________(很有价值)．
③This medicine ________________________(没大作用)．
答案：①be of any help　②was of great value　③is of little use　

三、重点句式
1. His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin (HX), was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.
他与他的新老板胡新的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生强烈的影响。
be to do在句中表示后来会发生的事，意为“注定会……，一定……”。
be to do句型的含义：
(1)表示注定要发生……。
(2)预先安排好的计划或约定。
(3)表示说话人的意图、职责、义务、命令等情感意义。
①All these are to be answered for!
所有这一切都会遭到报应的！
②She was to call before she left.
她打算在离开前打电话。
③You are to make the necessary changes.
你要作出必要的改变。
●用法拓展
表示将来时的几种方法：
(1)be going to do表示主语现在打算在最近或以后做什么，这种打算是事先考虑好了的。另外可表示根据已有迹象非常可能要发生的情况。
(2)be about to do表示正要或即将做某事，多与when连用。
(3)时间、条件、让步状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来时。
①My grandfather is going to be seventy next month.
我的祖父下个月就70岁了。
②I was about to go to sleep when a knock at the door sounded.
我正想睡觉，这时有敲门声。
③If you like, I'll put in a word for you.
如果你愿意，我就替你说句好话。
即境活用
翻译句子
①我们约定今晚九点在飞机场见面。
________________________________________________________________________
②这次经历会改变他的生活。
________________________________________________________________________
单项填空
③In a room above the store, where a party ________， some workers were busily setting the table.
A．was to be held　　　　B．has been held
C．will be held D．is being held
答案：①We are to meet at the airport at nine this evening.
②This experience was to change his life.
③A

2．So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man supposed to bribe him.
因此我们安排对足球队员和被认为是向他行贿的人进行了采访。
supposed to为过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于who was supposed to...
●用法拓展
(1)be supposed to应该，认为必须
(2)suppose sb./sth. to be...认为某人/某物是……
(3)It's supposed that人们认为……
(4)I suppose so.我认为这样/那样。
(5)I suppose not.我认为不这样。
(6)What do you suppose＋陈述语序？你认为……？
(7)Suppose/Supposing/Provided/Providing(that)．..是表示假设的条件状语从句，从句中用一般现在时表将来。
●特别提醒
be supposed to后面若接不定式的完成时，则表示理应做某事(但可能没有做)，这里有虚拟的含义。
Jack is supposed to have finished his work now.
杰克现在应当完成工作了。
①‘Dirty Harry' is supposed to be one of Eastwood's best films.
人们认为《肮脏的哈里》是伊斯特伍德的最佳影片之一。
②We're not supposed to smoke here.
我们不应该在这里抽烟。
③I suppose it's too late to apply for that job now.
恐怕现在申请那份工作已经太迟了。
④Look, suppose you lost your job tomorrow, what would you do?
哎，假设你明天丢掉了工作，你会怎么办呢？
⑤—Can we come with you?
—Oh, I suppose so.
——我们可以跟你一起来吗？
——噢，我看可以吧。
即境活用
单项填空
①I ________ (that) I shall be back until eight o'clock.
A．didn't suppose　 B．don't suppose
C．never supposed D．supposed
②The train ________ arrive at 11?30, but was an hour late.
A．was about to B．was likely to
C．was supposed to D．was certain to
答案：①B　②C　

3．Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of China Daily.
周阳永远都不会忘记他在《中国日报》办公室里的第一个任务。
(1)否定词放在句首，故用倒装把谓语的一部分位于主语之前。类似词有：
no/not/never/little/hardly/seldom/scarcely/neither...nor/not only...but also/no sooner...than/ hardly...when/by no means如：
Seldom does he go to the cinema.
他很少去看电影。
Never in my life have I heard or seen such a thing.
在我一生中还未曾听说或见过这样的事呢。
Hardly had the game begun when it started raining.
比赛刚刚开始就下起雨来。
(2)assignment n．(分派的)任务，(指定的)作业；分配
How are you going to get through the assignment?
你将如何完成作业呢？
There was no telling what the next assignment would be.
不晓得下一个任务将是什么。
He is responsible for the assignment of jobs.
他负责分派工作。
即境活用
单项填空
①Not once________ their plan.
A．did they change B．they changed
C．changed they D．they did change
②Nowhere________ as in my garden.
A．the flowers were so beautiful
B．were the flowers so beautiful
C．so beautiful were the flowers
D．so beautiful the flowers were
③Not until I began to work________ how much time I had wasted.
A．didn't I realize B．did I realize
C．I didn't realize D．I realized
答案：①A　②B　③B　

4．Only when you have seen what he or she does，can you cover a story by yourself.
只有当你见习了他们的工作之后，你才能独自去进行新闻采访。
(1)副词only置于句首，强调方式状语、条件状语、地点状语、时间状语等状语时，主句要进行部分倒装。如果被only所强调的状语为状语从句，该状语从句不倒装，只对主句进行倒装。例如：
Only in a big city was it possible to buy a new wheelchair.
只有在大城市里才能买到新轮椅。
Only when we had studied the data again did we realize that there was a mistake.
只有当我们再次研究了这些数据的时候，我们才意识到出了一个错。
注意：如果放于句首的only所修饰的不是状语时，该句不用倒装。例如：
Only some of the students passed the examination.
只有几个学生通过了考试。
(2)cover a story报道故事，cover常用意思还有：
①遮盖；覆盖(＋with)
Mary covered her face with her hands.
玛丽用双手捂住脸。
②掩饰；隐匿
She laughed to cover her anxiety.
她试图以笑来掩饰她的焦虑。
③包含；适用于
His reading covers a wide range of subjects.
他阅读的书籍涉及多种学科。
④(不用被动语态)行过走过(路程)
We covered about 30 miles a day.
我们每天大约走三十英里。
即境活用
单项填空
①Only in this way________ progress in your English.
A．you make B．can you make
C．you be able to make D．will you able to make
②Only after liberation________ to be treated as human beings.
A．did they begin B．they had begun
C．they did begin D．have they begun
答案：①B　②A　

5．Now discuss in pairs how you would feel if you were offered a job on a famous newspaper.
分组讨论如果你在一家有名的报社或公司工作你的感受会如何？
how you would feel if you were offered a job此句为虚拟语气句，表示与将来事实相反。
虚拟语气是一种特殊的谓语动词形式，用来表示一种假设、愿望、建议、命令、猜测、可能或空想等。
We should go with you if we had time.(与现在事实相反)
假如我们有时间，我们就跟你去了。
If I were you，I should go there at once.(与现在事实相反)如果我是你的话，我就会立即去那儿。
If he had listened to me，he wouldn't have made the mistake.(与过去事实相反)
如果他听我的劝告，他就不会犯这个错误。
If it were to rain tomorrow，they would not go out.(与将来事实可能相反)
明天如果下雨，他们就不出去。
●温馨提示
①在正式文体中，条件从句的连词if可以省略，将从句中助动词should/had/were放在主语之前，构成倒装结构。
②有些假设的情况由介词短语表示，或通过上下文来体现。
Had I had time，I would have gone there.
我要是有时间，早就去那儿了。
Were I you，I would never believe him.
如果我是你，我永远都不会相信他。
Should he come tomorrow，we would have no trouble.
要是他明天来的话，我们就没问题了。
But for the storm，we should have arrived earlier.
要不是那场暴风雨，我们早就到了。
即境活用
单项填空
What a pity. Considering his ability and experience，he________ better.
A．need have done
B．must have done
C．can have done
D．might have done
答案：D　句意为：真遗憾。考虑到他的能力和经验，他本可能会做得更好的。might have done表示对过去情况的虚拟。

6．This is how the story goes.
事情的经过是这样的。
go在句中用作不及物动词，表示“(诗或歌中词、调)唱、说；(故事)发生情况如何”；意思为“流传，流通，表达”，用来表达某事(比如故事或歌)的组成内容，其句型结构为“The story/song goes(that)．..”，意为“据说……，话说……；传闻；谣传”。如：
How does that song go？那首歌怎么唱？
I forget how the next goes line.
我忘记下一行怎么说了。
She never saw him again—or so the story goes.
从此她再也没有见过他——或者据说如此。
The story goes that my grandfather saved his captain's life in battle.
据说我爷爷在战斗中救了上校的命。
●用法拓展
go的常见用法有：①“流传；表达”；②“进展”；③“行得通；起作用”。
As the saying goes，a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
俗话说，双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。
We need to “spread a little happiness”，as the song goes.
我们需要“献出一点爱”，正如那首歌所唱的那样。
For the first winter things went smoothly enough.
第一个冬天，情况还算顺利。
This truth goes everywhere.
这个真理是到处适用的。
Whatever he says goes.
他说到做到。(或：他说的都行得通。)
即境活用
单项填空
A story goes________ Elizabeth Ⅱ of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.
A．when B．where
C．what D．that
答案：D

7．If the person being interviewed agrees, we sometimes use small recorders to make sure that we get all our facts straight.
如果正在被采访的人同意，我们有时使用小型录音机录音以确保我们把事实搞清楚。
(1)the person being interviewed“正在被采访”。若被修饰词与现在分词是被动关系时，须用现在分词的被动式(being done)作定语，表示“正在被”。如：
The song being broadcast is very popular with the young students.
正在播放的歌曲深受青年学生的欢迎。
(2)get sth. straight.[俚语]意为“明确某事，把某事弄清楚”。如：
Let's get it straight.
咱们把事情弄清楚吧。
即境活用
单项填空
The problem ________ now is how to make wide use of solar energy.
A．discussed　　　　 B．discussing
C．being discussed D．to have been discussed
答案：C　
8．Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.
对摄影我不仅是感兴趣，在大学里我还专修过业余摄影课来更新我的技术。
not only am I interested in photography是一个倒装句，因为有表示否定意义的副词not位于句首，其正常句子结构为：“I am not only interested in photography”。
●特别提醒
在句型“not only...but(also)”中，如果not only位于句首时，该句主谓部分需要倒装，而but (also)部分则不需倒装。
注意：在not until引导的时间状语从句位于句首时，从句不倒装，主句倒装。
①Not only do the nurses want a pay increase, but also they want reduced hours.
护士们不仅想要提高报酬，而且想要减少工作时间。
②Not until he got back at midnight, did he realize he was taken in and suffered a great loss.
直到半夜回到家他才意识到他被骗了并且蒙受了巨大损失。
即境活用
单项填空
Not only ________me his business troubles, but also ________ a sum of money from me.
A．did he tell; he borrowed
B．he told; he borrowed
C．he told; did he borrow
D．did he tell; did he borrow
答案：A　

四、语法精讲
（一）不定式的时态形式
1．不定式的一般时表示的动作通常与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或者在其后发生。
2．不定式的进行时表示的动作一般与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。
3．不定式的完成时表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
（二）不定式的语态形式
4．不定式修饰的名词或代词和不定式逻辑上构成主谓关系时，用主动形式。
5．不定式和它前面被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，同时又和该句的另一名词或代词构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，用主动形式表示被动意义。
6．不定式作表语形容词的状语和句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，用主动形式。
7．当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，一般用不定式的被动形式。
8．在“be＋性质形容词＋不定式”结构中，用主动形式表示被动意义，常见此类形容词有easy, hard, pleasant, impossible等，它们说明不定式的性质。
9．当不定式与疑问代词连用，不定式所表示的动作与疑问词之间存在动宾关系时，用主动形式表被动意义。
（三）非谓语动词作定语的用法比较
10．现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动、进行。
11．过去分词作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动、完成。
12．动词不定式作定语多表示将来的动作。
13．动名词作定语表示它所修饰名词的用途，不存在逻辑上的主谓关系。
（四）非谓语动词作状语的用法比较
14．动词不定式作状语常表示目的或结果，表示在谓语动词之后发生的动作。
15．现在分词可作目的、原因、结果、条件或伴随等状语。其一般时表示与谓语动词动作同时发生的动作；完成时表示在谓语动作之前发生的动作。
16．过去分词形式作状语表示完成或被动。其动作是由句子的主语承受的。而不定式和现在分词作状语时，其动作是由句子主语发出的。
（五）非谓语动词作表语的用法比较
17．动词不定式作表语表示将要完成的某一具体动作。
18．现在分词作表语往往带有主动意义，说明主语的性质或特征。
19．过去分词作表语常含有被动意义，表示主语因外部原因而产生某种状态。
20．动名词作表语常可与主语换位，说明主语的内容。
（六）非谓语动词作补语的用法比较
21．现在分词作宾补表示动作正在进行，与补充说明的成分之间有主动关系。
22．过去分词作宾补与宾语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，与补充说明的成分之间有被动或完成的关系。
23．动词不定式作宾补与宾语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系。表示动作的全过程，或已结束或即将发生。使役动词后常接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。
（七）非谓语动词作主语的区别
24．动名词作主语表示泛指经常性、抽象的动作；不定式常表示特指的、一次性的、具体的动作。都可用it作形式主语。
25．动名词作主语表示已经完成的动作，不定式作主语表示可能实现的动作，且不定式作主语时常用it作形式主语。
（八）非谓语动词作宾语的用法
26．有些动词只能用不定式作宾语如afford, agree等；有些则只能用动名词作宾语如admit, enjoy等。还有些动词(短语)用两种形式均可，但意义不同，如forget, remember, regret等。
（九）独立主格结构
27．独立主格结构由名词或代词作为逻辑主语，加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成。这种结构在形式上与主句没有关系，但又不是真正的独立。可以在句中作时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随状语等。
专题专练
1. I have a lot of readings________ before the end of this term.
A．completing　B．to complete
C．completed D．being completed
答案：B
解析：考查非谓语动词。根据语意可知此处表示一个将要发生的动作，所以用动词不定式，故选B。语意为：在这学期结束之前我有大量的阅读要完成。C项作定语表示已经完成，D项作定语表示正在进行，故都应排除。
2． His first book ________ next month is based on a true story.
A．published B．to be published
C．to publish D．being published
答案：B
解析：考查非谓语动词。下个月要出版的他的第一本书是以一个真实的故事为基础的。此处表示将来，是被出版，要用不定式的被动式作定语。
3． A great number of students ________ said they were forced to practise the piano.
A．to question B．to be questioned
C．questioned D．questioning
答案：C
解析：考查过去分词作定语。句中question与其修饰的名词students之间是动宾关系(被动关系)，因此用过去分词作定语。
4． In many people's opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant ________.
A．to deal with B．dealing with
C．to be dealt with D．dealt with
答案：A
解析：考查动词不定式的用法。某些形容词(pleasant，nice，comfortable，difficult，hard，easy等)后接动词不定式时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。
5． There were many talented actors out there just waiting ________.
A．to discover B．to be discovered
C．discovered D．being discovered
答案：B
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：很多有天赋的演员在那里就是为了等着被人发现。discover与many talented actors之间是动宾关系，且强调将来，故用不定式的被动语态。
6． The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and ________ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.
A．being weighed B．to weigh
C．weighed D．weighing
答案：D
解析：考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语young children与weigh之间构成主谓关系，应该用weigh的现在分词形式weighing，相当于“young children who weigh less than 40 pounds”，答案选D项。
7． Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ________ from the library.
A．to borrow B．to be borrowed
C．borrowed D．borrowing
答案：C
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：怀特老师向她的学生展示了一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。maps与borrow为动宾关系，因此空白处应用过去分词作后置定语，故答案为C。
8． ________ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.
A．Seen B．Seeing
C．Having seen D．To see
答案：A
解析：考查非谓语动词作状语的用法。当从塔顶看的时候，南边的山脚是一片树的海洋。动词see与句中主语是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词。此非谓语结构相当于一个状语从句If/When it is seen from the top of the tower。
9．Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, ________ supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake.
A．sending B．to send
C．having sent D．to have sent
答案：A
解析：考查非谓语动词。地震过后，许多救援人员正日夜不停地工作，向青海玉树运输救援物资。现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示同时发生的动作，故选A项。C项表示动作已完成，不符合题意。不定式表示出乎预料的结果，作目的状语时一般不与主句隔开，可排除B、D两项。
10． With Father's Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank ________ presents for my dad.
A．buy B．to buy
C．buying D．to have bought
答案：B
解析：考查非谓语动词。父亲节即将来临，我已经从银行取了些钱要给父亲买礼物。空白处应用动词不定式作目的状语，因此答案为B。
11． In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained ________ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
A．sticking B．stuck
C．to be stuck D．to have stuck
答案：B
解析：考查非谓语动词。四月份，成千上万的度假者由于火山灰的影响而被滞留在国外。此处remain作系动词，后跟过去分词作表语，表示被动，故选择过去分词stuck。
12． Listen! Do you hear someone ________ for help?
A．calling B．call
C．to call D．called
答案：A
解析：考查非谓语动词。hear sb. doing sth.表示听到某人正在做某事，calling在句中是现在分词作宾补。语意：听！你听到有人正在喊救命吗？
13． The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ________ for a meal to be cooked.
A．laid B．laying
C．to lay D．being laid
答案：A
解析：考查with复合结构。lay意思是“摆放，搁”，和其逻辑主语table是动宾关系，already表明动作已经完成，表示被动和完成应该用动词的过去分词形式。语意为：起居室既整洁又干净，为了正要做的饭，一张餐桌已经摆好了。
14． Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues ________ with her stories.
A．amused B．amusing
C．to amuse D．to be amused
答案：A
15．The children went home from the grammar school，their lessons________ for the day.
A．finishing B．finished
C．had finished D．were finished
答案：B
解析：本题考查动词时态。因前后两句的动作在同一个时间发生，故第二句的谓语动词也用一般过去时。
16．—Come on，please give me some ideas about the project.
—Sorry. With so much work________ my mind，I almost break down.
A．filled B．filling
C．to fill D．being filled
答案：B
解析：考查with的用法，with＋宾语＋宾补，work与fill是主动关系，所以用filling。
17．________the water run while you brush your teeth wastes water.
A．Don't let B．Let
C．Not letting D．Letting
答案：D
解析：句意：当你刷牙的时候让水流着就浪费了水。分析题干知，letting the water run是动名词短语作主语，wastes是谓语动词，while you brush your teeth是时间状语从句。故D项正确。
18．—Dad, do you consider it any good ________ the computer again?
—Yeah, it won't cost much.
A．to repair B．repairing
C．repaired D．being repaired
答案：B
解析：分析题干知，consider是谓语动词，it是形式宾语，any good是宾语补足语，常用“v.?ing”短语作真正的宾语。故B项正确。
19．The time and effort he has devoted during the past few years ________ trees in that remote area is now considered to be of great value.
A．to planting B．to plant
C．plant D．planting
答案：A
解析：句意：在过去的几年里，他在偏远的地方种树所花费的时间和精力现在看来有很大的价值。解答此题关键是划分句子成分。主语是The time and effort，谓语动词是is considered，而he has devoted during the past few years是主语的定语从句，其谓语动词使用了devote...to doing结构，故A项正确。
20．He spends, I think, a lot more time in reading English than I do ________ French.
A．learning B．to learn
C．learn D．having learned
答案：A
解析：首先分清句子结构，I think是插入语。spends是谓语动词，a lot more time是宾语；(in)reading English是补语，than后是比较状语从句，do代替spend，改写完整是I spend(in) learning French。他学英语花费的时间比我学法语的时间还要多。故A项正确。
21．After the operation, the first thing he does every morning is ________ plenty of exercise.
A．to take B．taking
C．take D．to be taken
答案：C
解析：根据语境知，手术后，他每天早上做的第一件事情就是大量的锻炼。分析题干知，he does every morning是the first thing的定语从句，is是系动词，用to do作表语，因定语从句中的does是实义动词，故省略to，因此C项正确。
22．—You look pale.
—I feel a little ________.
A．tire B．tired
C．tiring D．tiresome
答案：B
解析：A项“使感到累”；B项“疲倦的；累的”；C项“引起疲劳的；累人的”；D项“无聊的”。根据语境知感觉有点累，故B项正确。
23．Henry can't attend the party ________ at Tom's house at present because he is preparing tomorrow's presentation.
A．hold B．to hold
C．to be held D．being held
答案：D
解析：Henry在准备明天的报告，因此不能去Tom家参加晚会。被修饰词party与hold之间构成被动关系，故排除选项A和B；从时间状语at present知要用进行时，故D项正确。
24．The flowers ________ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A．to smell B．smelling
C．smelt D．to be smelt
答案：B
解析：句意：植物园里那些芳香的花儿吸引着游客来感受自然之美。smell“闻起来”，它是系动词，无被动语态，故用v.?ing短语作后置定语，相当于一个定语从句，即The flowers which smell sweet...，故B项正确。
25．There will be more than 750 projects ________， creating nearly 40, 000 jobs this summer, including 15,000 in a Youth Conservation Corps.
A．started B．to be started
C．starting D．to start
答案：B
解析：projects与start之间构成被动关系，排除选项C和D；根据语境知，这些工程即将动工，故用动词不定式来表示，它含有将来时间概念。故B项正确。
26．________ by a greater demand for green products, the food company has set higher standards to ensure the quality.
A．Driven B．Being driven
C．To drive D．Having driven
答案：A
解析：分析句子知，drive与其逻辑主语the food company之间构成被动关系，故排除选项C和D；从句子谓语动词has set形式可知，drive所表达的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，故A项正确。
27．The pop star walked out of the stage, ________ her hands elegantly to her crazy fans.
A．waving B．was waving
C．waved D．to wave
答案：A
解析：句意：那位歌星走出舞台，向她疯狂的粉丝们优雅地挥手。此处用v.?ing作伴随状语，表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。
28．Explosion happened in Wisconsin early this Monday, ________two visitors.
A．killed B．killing
C．to kill D．having killed
答案：B
解析：句意：星期一早些时候在Wisconsin发生了爆炸，导致两名游客死亡。由此知，此处要用结果状语，故排除选项A和D；B项表自然而然的结果；C项表出乎意料的结果。因此B项正确。
29．________ 30 to 60 minutes before the voyage, the medicine is very effective against seasick.
A．Take B．Taking
C．To take D．Taken
答案：D
解析：句意：航海前半小时到一小时服用这个药的话，它对抵制晕船很有作用。take与它的逻辑主语the medicine之间构成被动关系，故D项正确。
30．As far as I know, ________ their task ahead of time, they often stayed up late into the night.
A．finishing B．having finished
C．finished D．to finish
答案：D
解析：句意：就我所知，为了提前完成任务，他们常常熬夜。此处是动词不定式作目的状语，为了强调置于句首。故D项正确。

【达标检测】
单词拓展
1.________adj.快乐的；欣喜的　________vt.使高兴；使欣喜　
________adj.(事物)令人高兴的；使人快乐的
2．________vt.帮助；协助；援助　________n．援助；帮助　
________adj.辅助的；助理的n.助手；助理；售货员
3．________vt.递交；呈递(文件等)　________n．屈服；服从递交；提交　
________adj.服从的；顺从的；谦恭的
4．________vt.集中；聚集　________adj.极度的；紧张的；加强的　
________n．集中；专心
5．________vt.获得；取得；学到　________adj.已获得的；已成习惯的　
________adj.可得到的；可获得的　________n．获得；获得物
6．________vt.评估；评定　________adj.可估价的；可估计的　
________n．估价；评价
7．________vt.告知；通知　________adj.有知识的；见闻广的　
________n．消息；报道
8．________adj.犯罪的；有罪的；内疚的　________n．有罪；内疚　
________adj.无罪的；无辜的
9．________n．需求；要求vt.强烈要求　________adj.要求很高的；费力的
10．________vt.出版；发行；发表；公布　________n．出版；发表；公布
11．________adj.有天赋的　________n．天赋；礼物；赠品
12．________n．罪行；犯罪　________adj.犯罪的；刑事上的
________n．罪犯；犯人
13．________vt.赞成；认可；批准　________n．赞成；批准；认可　
________vt.不批准；不赞成
14．________vt.加工；处理n.过程；程序；步骤　________n．行列；队伍
15．________n．约会；任命　________vt.任命；委派；指定

短语回顾
1.________on　集中；全神贯注于
2．accuse...________ 因……指责或控告……
3．ahead________ 在……前面
4．depend________ 依靠；依赖……
5．be/get absorbed________ 注意，全神贯注于
6．________an appointment 约会，预约
7．have a good________ for 对……有敏感的“嗅觉”
8．keep sth.in________ 记住
9．be________ to 应当
10．________against 防卫以免于
句型背诵
1. Now discuss in pairs how you ________ feel if you were offered a job on a famous newspaper.
分组讨论如果你在一家有名的报社或公司工作你的感受会如何？
2．________ ________Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.
周阳永远不会忘记他在一份受欢迎的英语报社工作时分配到的第一项任务。
3．________ ________ ________ ________interested in photography，but I．..
我不仅对摄影感兴趣，而且我……
4．________ if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.
你只有提出许多不同的问题之后才有可能获得你需要知道的信息。
5．So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man________ ________bribe him.
因此我们安排对足球队员和被认为是向他行贿的人进行了采访。
答案
单词拓展
1．delighted；delight；delightful　
2.assist；assistance；assistant
3．submit；submission；submissive　
4.concentrate；concentrated；concentration　
5.acquire；acquired；acquirable；acquisition
6．assess；assessable；assessment　
7.inform；informed；information　
8.guilty；guilt；guiltless　
9.demand；demanding
10．publish；publishment　
11.gifted；gift　
12.crime；criminal; criminal　
13.approve；approval；disapprove　
14.process；procession　
15.appointment；appoint

短语回顾
1．concentrate　2.of　3.of　4.on　5.in　6.make　7.nose　8.mind　9.supposed　10.defend
句型背诵
1. would　2.Never will　3.Not only am I　4.Only 5．supposed to

技能提升
一、用所给词组的正确形式填空(每小题3分)
look forward to do research concentrate on of great importance defend….against divide… into by accident accuse …. of pass… on to get absorbed in
1. If you want to pass your examinations, you’ll have to ___________________ your listening skills.
2. Scientists spent a year ____________________ on blood disease.
3. reading aloud every morning is _______________________ to better one’s language.
4. All of them have been trained to ___________ themselves __________ knife attacks.
5. All the children are ___________________ the coming of the summer holiday.
6. The other day I met an old friend of mine _______________, who was an American-Chinese.
7. If you have finished reading the magazine, would you please __________ it __________Lucy?
8. —Why didn’t the boy give any response(回应)
—Perhaps he was _________ a story.
9. Can you ____________ a cake ____________ seven equal parts?
10. The referee(裁判) is sure to _____________________ favouring the team he likes.
答案
1. concentrate on 2.doing research 3.of great importance 4.defend, against
5. looking forward to 6.by accident 7.pass, on to 8.getting absorbed in
9. divide, into 10.be accused of
二、用适当的介词或副词填空（每小题2分）
1. Our country is ahead ________ other makers of spare parts for the airplanes.
2. The manager set ________ work as soon as he got there.
3. Let us now pass _______ _______ the next subject.
4. He can write letters _______ English.
5. Are you happy ______ his work?
6. I am working _______ a new book.
7. He got __________ to the point.
8. They processed ________ the dining room.
9. It is bad manners to blow your nose __________ table.
10. They combined their holiday _________ a visit to their relatives.
答案
1.of 2.to 3.on to 4.in 5.with/about 6.on 7.straight 8.into
9.at 10.with
三、将下列句子改成倒装句（每空2分）
1. You will find the answer to this question nowhere.
_________ ___________ you find the answer to this question.
2. The mother didn’t leave the room until the child fell asleep.
__________ _________ the child fell asleep ________ the mother leave the room.
3. He was so frightened that he did not dare to move an inch.
_________ _______ __________ he that he did not dare to move an inch.
4. The chairman came then.
_________ _________ the chairman.
5. He not only refused the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.
_______ _______ ________ he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.
6. He had hardly turned his back when everybody burst out laughing.
__________ _______ he turned his back when everybody burst our laughing.
答案
1. no where will 2.Not until , did 3.So frightened was 4.Then came
5.Not only did 6.Hardly had
四、单项选择（每小题2分）
1.—Would you mind if I turned on the radio?
-- _________.
A. Yes, go ahead B. No, go ahead C. Yes, please D. Never mind
2. As you know, it is my duty to ______ my younger sisters from being hurt when they are in danger.
A. prevent B. save C. stop D. protect
3._______________ can you expect to get a pay rise.
A. With hard work B. Although work hard
C. Only with hard work D. Since you work hard
4. Can you tell me what is important to a businessman?
--______ information an data.
A. Collecting B. Collected C. Collect D. Having collected
5. My nephew admitted _______ for speeding on Highway 10 the other day.
A. punishing B. being punished C. to be punished D. to punish
6. Different people like different movies. Some enjoy thrillers while ______ take pleasure in live ones
A. other B. the one C. another D. others
7. We develop trade with that company for our shared __________.
A. reward B. prize C. benefit D. honor
8._______ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldn’t go on with the experiment.
A.As B. since C. with D. for
9. The local people,_________ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the International Red Cross.
A. all their homes B. of all whose homes
C. all of whose homes D. all of their homes
10. Incidents of this kind will continue _________ sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game
A. unless B. as long as C. although D. until
答案
BDCAB DCCCB
五、选做题（每小题2.5）
Dear Abby,
How are you? Today I've got a wonderful news to tell you. 1. .
I have offered a scholarship at a university in Australia for my 2. .
further education. One hundred and twenty students took exam 3. .
for it, but only a few was chosen and I was one of them. However, 4. .
my parents are not happy about it. They are strong against me 5. .
going them They say it is too far away that they will not see me 6. .
for a whole year and they are afraid of I will feel lonely. 7. .
They can't imagine a girl so young live alone They advise me to study 8. .
in the capital instead. Then I'II be able to continue living with 9. .
them How can I persuade them to accept the fact I have grown up? 10. .
Best wishes.
Jane
答案
1．a去掉 2．Aoffered→been 3．exam→exams 4．第一个was→were
5．strong-m-strongly 6．too→so 7．of去掉 8．1ive→living
9．√ 10．fact∧→that


知能层层练
一、单项填空
1．He is interested in farming and is________ to know everything about the farm.
A．eager　　B．anxious
C．worried D．busy
答案：A
解析：be eager to do sth.“渴望做某事”，为固定搭配。anxious“焦急的；担心的”；worried“担忧的；担心的”；busy“忙碌的”。
2．The manager says he needs an assistant to________ to deal with the problems that may occur in his absence.
A．depend in B．count on
C．count with D．turn up
答案：B
解析：count on相当于depend on，意为“依靠；依赖”。turn up“出现”。
3．The police________ Tom of stealing and the accused was afraid to meet the accuser.
A．accused B．charged
C．robbed D．informed
答案：A
解析：accuse常与of连用，符合题意。charge与介词with连用；rob常用于rob sb. of sth.结构；inform常用于inform sb. of sth.结构。
4．With Shanghai World Expo drawing near，volunteers are making use of every minute to________ their foreign language because language volunteers must pass a written test and an interview.
A．polish up B．take up
C．put up D．make up
答案：A
解析：polish up“使光亮；使润色”，此处指加紧语言方面的锻炼和强化。
5．What worries me most is that my daughter________ most of her spare time________ playing games on the computer.
A．concentrates；on B．concentrates；in
C．focuses；to D．focuses；in
答案：A
解析：concentrate...on...“把……集中在……上”为固定搭配。
6．The modeling business is by no means easy to get into，while the good model will always be in________.
A．demand B．need
C．trouble D．lack
答案：A
解析：由while引导的表示对比关系的从句可知in demand与题干前部分的by no means easy to get into相比较的。in demand“需求”。
7．The description was pretty________，so the police could figure out the portrait of the criminal.
A．vague B．accurate
C．particular D．vain
答案：B
解析：由“could figure out...”可知描述是相当准确的，故B项正确。
8．I'm glad that my parents have________ of me buying a new car.
A．agreed B．promised
C．allowed D．approved
答案：D
解析：approve of sb. doing sth.“赞成/同意某人做某事”。agree“同意”，不与of搭配；promise“许诺”；allow“同意；允许”是及物动词。
9．—What will you buy for your husband's birthday?
—I want to buy a________ wallet for him.
A．black leather small
B．small black leather
C．small leather black
D．black small leather
答案：B
解析：多个形容词作定语修饰名词时，排列顺序为：限定；描绘大、长、高；形状；年龄和新老；颜色；国籍和材料；作用类别，由此可知选B。
10．Intelligence doesn't________ mean success. You need to work hard as well.
A．fairly B．nearly
C．necessarily D．simply
答案：C
解析：necessarily“必然；必定”符合题意。fairly“公平地”；nearly“几乎”；simply“仅仅；简单地”。
二、用适当的介词或副词填空
1．Having a good nose ________ business, he has made a lot of money these years.
2．Her parents advised her to take a course ________ how to make dresses this summer.
3．It will be a long time before things come back ________ normal after the earthquake.
4．They found the cave quite ________ accident when they were hiking in the forest.
5．He had been warned ________ the danger, but he was determined to carry out his plan.
6．Make sure that you write ________ every word the speaker says.
7．The judge declared that he was guilty ________ murder although he himself insisted that he was innocent.
8．All the nations agreed to work together to defend themselves ________ terrorism and other threats.
9．Some of the guests assisted ________ the preparation of the food.
10．A team of nurses assisted the doctor ________ performing the operation yesterday.
答案：1.for　2.on/in　3.to　4.by　5.of　6.down　7.of　8.against　9.with　10.in
三、选择合适的短语并用其适当形式填空
1．concentrate on, depend on, base on, insist on
①A good marriage is ________ trust. Wives and husbands must believe each other.
②I still ________ my viewpoint. You can't change me because so much evidence can hold it.
③Turn off the TV, so you can ________ your homework.
④All living things ________ the sun for their growth. Sunlight is as important as water and air.
2．eager to, eager for
①John ________ get back to work as soon as possible after he came back from abroad.
②Simon was an ambitious man, ________ power and position.
答案：1.①based on　②insist on　③concentrate on
④depend on
2．①was eager to　②eager for
四、根据括号内的提示翻译下列句子
1．他为了打扫教室，很早就到了学校。(so as to)
________________________________________________________________________
2．她总是遥遥领先班上的其他同学。(ahead of)
________________________________________________________________________
3．我永远不会忘记这件事。(never引起的倒装句)
________________________________________________________________________
4．她控告他偷了她的钱包。(accuse...of...)
________________________________________________________________________
5．他要求被告知一切事情。(demand)
________________________________________________________________________
6．他的目标能否实现取决于他的努力。(depend on)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：1. He came to school early so as to clean the classroom.
2．She was always well ahead of the rest of the class.
3．Never will I forget the matter.
4．She accused him of stealing her purse.
5．He demanded to be told everything.
6．Whether his goal will be realized depends on his efforts.