Unit2 How often do you exercise 单元知识点讲义

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台


Unit2 How often do you exercise? 单元知识点讲义
一、词型转换



Section A
1. ever → (反义词) never
2. shop → (现在分词) shopping
3. full → (反义词) empty
4. read → (pt.) read
Section B
1. active → (n.) activity
→(v.)act
2. health → (adj.) healthy
→ (反义词) unhealthy
3. body → (pl.) bodies
4. die → (pt.) died
5. write → (n.表人) writer
6. keep →
(pt.) kept → (pp.) kept
7. little →
(比较级) less→ (最高级) least
8. though → (同义词) although

二、短语归纳



1. how often 多久一次
2. help with housework 帮忙做家务
3. watch television 看电视
4. on weekends 在周末
5. go to the movies 去看电影
6. hardly ever 几乎不；不曾
7. once a day 每天一次
8. twice a week 每周两次
three times a month 每月三次
9. use the Internet 上网
10. have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈课和钢琴课
11. play tennis 打网球
12. at least 至少，不少于
13. junk food 垃圾食品
14. drink milk 喝牛奶
15.swing dance 摇摆舞
16.go online 上网
17. three or four times a week 一周三到四次
18. be good for 对……有好处
19. go camping in the country 去乡下露营
20. play sports 做运动
21. one to three times a week 一周一至三次
22. such as 例如，像…这样
23. fifteen percent of our students
我们百分之十五的学生
24. go to the dentist 去看牙医
25. more than 多于
26. less than 少于


三、句型集萃



1.How come?=Why？ 为什么呢？怎么会呢？
2.ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事
3.the answer to the question 问题的答案
4.not…at all 根本不
5.be full of 充满的
6. be good for+名词./代词 对某人/某物有好处
7.be good to+名词/ 代词 对某人/ 某物好（和善、慈爱）
8.be good with ……和……相处得好
9.although…… 虽然……（不可以与but连用）


四、难点讲练
1.How often do you exercise？ 你多久锻炼 一次？
（1）how often表示“多久一次”。用来询问动作的频率。其答语通常是once a day, often, usually, every day, never, sometimes, three times a week等。
e.g. How often do you watch TV? 你多久看一次电视？
---How often does he eat vegetables?他多长时间吃一次蔬菜？ ---Every day.每天。
【拓展】与how有关的短语：how far(距离)多远；how long(时间)多长；how many多少(只可接可数名词的复数形式)；how much多少（只可接不可数名词）；how soon(时间)多久后（事情还要过多久才发生）；how old(年龄)多大。
(2)exercise做动词时，可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。
e.g. She exercises two or three times a week. 她一周锻炼两三次。
She exercises the dog every day. 每天她都遛狗。
【拓展】exercise作名词时，意为“锻炼；运动”时是不可数名词，意为“体操；练习”时是可数名词。
e.g. I should eat less food and take more exercise. 我应该少吃饭，多锻炼。
I have lots of exercises to do. 我有很多练习要完成。
Ex 1. —______ is Lucky 52 shown on CCTV-2? —Every week.
A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How many times
2. Tina _____ three times a week. She is very healthy. A. exercise B. exercises C. exercising
3.【09湛江】---_______will the new school be finished? ---In two years.
A. How long B. How far C. How often D. How soon
4.【09河南】--- ____ have you stayed in New York? ---- For about two weeks.
A. How soon B. How often C. How long D. How far

2.next week is quite full for me, Jack?
1)full“完整的，满的”，做表语或修饰名词作定语。quite full “非常满”。
此外，常用于be full of…结构，意为“充满…的”。
e.g.：这个篮子满了，请把苹果放在另一个篮子里吧。 This basket is full. Put apples in another basket, please.
2) full也可以表示“吃饱了的”。
e.g.：我不能再吃了，我饱了。 I can’t eat any more. I’m full.
Ex. The bag is too _________. I can’t put the pencil box in it.
A. heavy B. full C. light D. empty

3.How come?怎么了？ 为什么？
How come?常用于口语，相当于Why?既可独立使用，也可在其后接句子，用来询问事情的缘由或状况。
e.g.今天天怎么会这么蓝？How come the sky is so blue today?
你今天早晨迟到了一小时，怎么回事？ You were an hour late this morning, how come?

4. But my mother wants me to drink it. She says it’s good for my health. 但是我妈妈要我喝。她说牛奶对我的健康有好处。
1) be good for 意为“对…有益，对…有好处”，后接表示人或事物的代词或名词。
其反义词组为be bad for, 意为“对……有害”。
e.g. 读书对你有好处。 Reading books is good for you.
吃太多肉对你并没有好处。Eating too much meat isn’t good for you.
吸烟有害健康。 Smoking is bad for your health.
【拓展】be good to sb. 对…好（和善）；be good at擅长，善于 +名词、代词或动名词。
Be good with sb. 和…相处得好。
Ex. 1)Playing computer games too much is bad _______ your eyes.
A. at B. for C. to D. in
2)【2017南充】Practicing in groups is good ________ us to learn English. A. at B. in C. for
3)Enough sleep ________ health. If you stay up for your favorite TV programs, you will feel sleepy.
A. is good for B. is good at C. is good to D. does well in

5. Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular.虽然许多学生喜欢观看体育节目，但游戏类节目确是最受欢迎的。
Although 连词，“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。=though ；两个形式都不可以与but连用，即用了although/though就不可以同时用but，不过可以与yet/still连用。
e.g. 尽管这量小车旧了，但是依然跑得不错。 Although the car is old, it still runs well.
= The car is old, but it still runs well.
虽然已经过半夜12点了，但我却不想睡觉。 I don’t want to go to bed, although it’s past midnight.
= It’s past midnight, but I don’t want to go to bed.
Ex. 【2017南京】They will try their best in the Dragon Boat Racing ________ they may fail.
A. if B. although C. unless D. until
【2017南京】______ Lin Feng has to work late, she always wears a smile on her face.
A. Because B. If C. Until D. Though
【2017丽水】Good friends are like stars. You don’t always see them, ______ you know they are there.
A. as B. but C. for D. then

6.It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. 通过上网或看娱乐节目放松是好的，但是我们认为最好的放松方式是通过锻炼。
1）It’s good to do sth. 意为“做某事好”，它是“It’s+adj.+to do sth.”句型的一种形式。
e.g. It’s good to run in the morning. 早上跑步是好的。
学好英语是很重要的。 It’s important to study English well.
2）the best way to do sth.意为“做 某事最好的方法”，也可表达为the best way of doing sth.
e.g. I have a good way to deal with the problem. 我有一个处理这个问题的好方法。
3）by作介词，表示“通过某种方式”。
e.g. By working hard he mad e great progress. 通过努力学习，他取得了很大的进步。
He earns his living by writing. 他靠写作为生。
4）through 经过,通过;借着;经由;因为;在…一带；在……之间；结束，完成。
e.g.：我们穿过市场到了卡车停车场。 We walked through the market to the truck park.
小偷是通过这扇窗户进来的。The thief got in through the windows.
他靠努力工作而致富。He became rich through hard work.
Ex. 1. It is very important for us ________ English well.
A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learned
2. it’s very nice ________ you ________my parents your best wishes.
A. of, sending B. of, to send C. for, to send D. for, sending
3. —I often have hamburgers for lunch. —You’d better not. It’s bad for you _____ too much junk food.
A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. ate
4.【2017杭州】It is really cool to realize your dream _______ great effort.
A. through B. of C. till D. about

7.We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day. 我们发现学生中每天仅有百分之十五的人每天锻炼。
1）we found that …是一个宾语从句。 Find 意为“发现，发觉”。
Find句式： ①find it +adj. +to do
我感到旅行的时候有必要带一张地图。I find it necessary to take a map while traveling.
②find sb. doing
他们发现她独自走在海滩上。 They found her walking alone on the beach.
2)percent 做名词 “百分之…” 当表示整体中的一部分的时候，其结构为“数词+percent of +名词”，意为“…当中的百分之…”，通常，of后面的名词为特指，会带有定冠词或表示特定的限定词（his, her, these, those 等）
e.g.：这些苹果当中10%是坏的。 Ten percent of the apples are bad.
Percent 用作形容词时，表示“百分之……的”，此时，直接用于名词前作定语，不能与of连用。
e.g.：天才是10%的灵感加上90%的勤奋。 Genius is 10% inspiration and 90% perspiration.
Ex. 1. She is richer than 90 ________ her neighbors.
A. percent B. percents C. percents for D. percent of
【2017绥化】______ of his works were written in his _______.
A. One-third; fifties B. One-third; fifty C. One- thirds; fifties

8. Exercise such as playing sports is fun, and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together.比如运动就非常有趣，你可以和家人朋友一起玩。
1）such as 意为“比如，例如”，指列举同类人或事物中的几个例子(至少两个)。
e.g.：我有许多爱好，比如读书和唱歌。 I have a lot of hobbies, such as reading and singing.
拓展：for example “例如”，单独做状语，前后用逗号隔开，后面一般加一个具体的例子。
like “例如”，后面可以加多个列举的例子。
2）spend“度过，花费（时间，金钱）”， sb. spend some time/ money on sth.
=sb. spend some time/ money in doing sth.
Pay “支付” sb. pay some money for sth. Money可以省略，构成pay for短语。
Take “花费” it take sb. some time to do sth.
Cost “花费” it cost sb. some money to do sth.
e.g.：你不应该花太多时间看电视。 You can’t spend too much time on TV. = in watch television.
Ex. I like to eat fruit, __________ bananas, apples, oranges and pears.
A. such as B. for example C. the same as D. etc.
【齐齐哈尔】34. It takes me half an hour ____________ the piano every day.
A. play B. playing C. to play
【雅安】81. I spent $5 ________ this book. A. in B. to buy C. buying D. buy
【荆州】86. It usually ________ Mum about half an hour to cook supper.
A. pays B. takes C. spends D. costs
【 白银】100. Daisy is such a good daughter that she _____ most of her spare time with her parents.
A. spends B. costs C. takes D. affords

9. However, she has some bad habits, too. 然而她也有一些坏习惯。
however 意为“可是，然而，不过”。可以位于句首、句中、句末。但要用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。
e.g. She was ill. However, she still went to work. 她病了，然而她依然去上班。
然而，我们现在不需要讨论此事。 We don’t need to discuss it now, however.
辨析：but和however
but “然而，但是”。 可直接连接前后两个句子，表转折关系。
However “然而，但是”。 不能直接连接句子，必须用逗号与句子隔开。
Ex. 【2017江苏徐州】14. We’ve got no coffee. Let’s have tea _______.
A. either B. however C. yet D. instead
2.The little boy is only six years old, _______, he can write novels.
A. so B. but C. however D. if

10.but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day.但是我们惊讶的是他们中90%每天都上网。
Be surprised 后加that从句，“对……很惊讶”；
拓展： be surprised at sth.对某事感到惊讶； be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到很惊讶。
To one’s surprise 令某人惊奇的是…… in surprise 惊奇地
e.g. 我很惊讶你是唯一那样想的人。 I’m surprised that you are the only person to think in that way.
Ex. All the students were _______ at the ________ news.
A. surprised; surprising B. surprised; surprised C. surprising; surprising D. surprising; surprised
John turned round and looked at him _________.
A. surprising B. in surprise C. at surprised D. to his surprise

11. less than 和more than
Less than +数词 表示“不足，不到”
More than+数词 表示“超过”，相当于over； +名词 表示“不仅仅”； +形容词 表示“非常”；
其中less和more分别是little和much/many的比较级。
e.g.：我花了不足10元钱买了这本书。 I spend less than 10 yuan buying this book.
他不仅仅是一名教师，还是一名歌唱演员。 He is more than a teacher. He is also a singer.
Ex. 找出能替换划线部分的词。 There are over two thousand students in this school.
A. about B. more than C. less than D. almost
【2017 黄冈】70.— How far is Yuhua Middle School from here? —It’s around five minutes’ walk.
A. about B. over C. more than D. less than

12. ---How often do you watch TV? 你多久看一次电视 ---Twice a week. 一周两次。
Once 表示“一次”，twice表示“两次”。三次及三次以上一般用“基数词+times”来表示。如：“六次”应该写成six times, “八次”应该写成eight times。
Ex.【宜昌】---How often do you watch TV? ---_________.
A. Twice B. Once a week C. Three times in a week D. In the evening
【铜仁】124. —__________ do you go to the library? —Twice a week.
A .How soon B. How much C. How often D. How far

13.die v.死亡 为短暂性动词。其现在分词为dying, 过去分词为died. 形容词为dead， 名词为death。
注意：die为短暂性动词，若后面为一段时间，则不能用动词die，只能用形容词be dead来表达； die用于进行时表示“即将死去”。
e.g. 她奶奶七十岁去世的。 Her grandma died at the age of 70.
雷锋虽然死了很多年，但死亡并不能把他从人们的心中带走。
Lei Feng was dead for many years. But death can’t bring him away from people’s heart.
Ex. 【2017四川达州】30.— Do you know Lucy’s grandma?
?— Of course. She is a kind woman, but she has_______ for about a month since she_______ in the accident.
?A. been dead; was killed B. died; was killed C. been dead; killed D. died; killed
【2017四川雅安市】18. The lamb _______ for quite some time.
A. has died B. die C. has dead D. has been dead

五、语法归纳 :频度副词
1. 概念 :频度副词是用来表示动作发生频率的词，常用来表示不确定时间，主要包括always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, seldom, never等，如果表示具体频度次数，可采用次数加单位时间。
once a week 一周一次 twice a month 每月两次
2. 常用频度副词的区别
(1) always 意为“总是，永远”，表示频度最高。
(2) usually意为“通常”，即很少有例外，多用于一般现在时。
(3) often意为“经常”，在频度上不如usually那么频繁。
(4) sometimes意为“有时，偶尔”。
(5) hardly ever 意为“几乎不，很少 ”，表示否定意义。
(6) never 意为“从来没有，绝不”，表示否定意义。
以上几个频度副词所表示的频度，从高到低为：
Always(100%)→usually →often →sometimes →hardly ever →never(0%)
3. 频度副词在句子中的位置
在句子中，频度副词常放在实意动词前面，be动词、情态动词和助动词后面。例如：
He always helps others.他总是帮助别人。
4. 对句子中频度副词进行提问，用“how often”。例如：
He sometimes watches TV.(对划线部分提问) How often does he watch TV?
随堂练习



1. 【雅安】6. The woman is very busy so she ________ watches TV.
A. often B. always C. seldom D. almost
2. 【黄冈】---Tina, breakfast is ready. Dad cooked it for us.
---It can’t have been Father. He ______ early on Sundays.
A. always gets up B. often got up C. had got up D. never gets up
3. 【安徽】If my friends have any problems, my door is ______ open to them.
A. never B. seldom C. sometimes D. always
4. 【宁波】—Did you go to the cinema last night?
—Oh, no. I _______ go to the cinema. The tickets, you know, are too expensive.
A. always B. hardly C. usually D. often
5. 【莱芜】32. Speak aloud, please! I can ________ hear you.
A. usually B. almost C. hardly D. nearly
6. 【襄阳】31. ----Bob is ______ late for school. ----Me neither.
A. always B. almost C. ever D. never
7. 【南充】25. I don’t think fast food is good for our health, so I ________ eat it.
A. usually B. hardly C. always
8. 【菏泽】4. —Do you like seeing a movie on your mobile phone?
— No. I ______do that because it makes me uncomfortable.
A. seldom B. often C. usually D. Sometimes
9. 【江苏徐州】11. I ________ watch this TV programme. It's very interesting.
A. often B. never C. hardly D. seldom
10.【东营】Though they are far away from school, the children who live in mountains ______ go to school on foot.
A. ever B. always C. never D. hardly ever










HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)