2020年高考英语二轮语法复习讲练结合 专题十六 虚拟语气（word含答案）

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专题十六 虚拟语气
I、重点难点解析
虚拟语气的高考命题导向：虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不是表示客观存在的事实。真实语气与虚拟语气的区别主要在谓语动词的形式上。在做题时，要根据语境，判断出是与那种时态相反的虚拟语气。
一 虚拟语气在从句中的用法和构成一览表
类别 用法 例句
if引 导的 条件 从句 与现在事实相反 从句动词：过去式（be用were）；主句动词：should/would/could/might +动词原形 If he were here, he would help us.
与过去事实相反 从句动词：had +过去分词；主句动词：should/would/could/might +have +过去分词 If I had been free, I would have visited you.
与将来事实相反 从句动词：过去式/should +动词原形/were +不定式；主句动词:should/would/could/might +动词原形 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping.
其他状语从句 as if 引导的状语从句中动词用过去式或过去完成式 They are talking as if they had been friends for years.
even if/though 引导的从句, 与现在将来/事实相反:从句动词用过去式,主句动词用should/would +动词原形。与过去事实相反:从句动词：had +过去分词；主句动词：should/would +have +过去分词 Even if they were to fail, they wouldn’t lose courage.
宾语从句 demand, suggest, order, insist等表命令、建议、要求后的从句中动词（should）+动词原形 He suggested that we not change our mind.
wish后的从句中分别用过去式、过去完成式和could/would+动词原形表示与现在、过去和将来情况相反 I wish I could be a pop singer.
主语从句 在It is necessary/important/strange that…, It is suggested/demanded/ordered/requested that…等从句中，谓语动词用（should）+动词原形 It is strange that such a person should be our friends.
表语从句和同位语从句 作idea, advice, order, demand, request等表命令、建议、要求的词的表语从句和同位语从句，其谓语动词用（should）+动词原形 My advice is that you (should) finish your homework first. The idea that you (should) go is right.
其他句型中 It is time that…句型中动词用过去式或should+动词原形 It’s high time that we left.
would rather所接的从句中动词用过去式或者过去完成式 I would rather you stayed at home now.
If only句型中动词常用过去式或者过去完成式，表示强烈的愿望 If only our dream had come true!

二 其他要注意的事项
1. 虚拟语气中出现be的过去式，只能用were。
2. suggest表 “暗示、表明”和 insist表示 “坚持认为”,其后的宾语从句用陈述句语气。
例如：You pale face suggests that you are ill. / He insisted that he was right.
3. if虚拟语气条件句中如有had, should, were，可省略if, 将其提前引起倒装。
例如：Were I you, I would remain. / Had you told me earlier, I wouldn’t have missed it.
4. 可用with, but for代替虚拟语气条件句。
例如：But for your help. I would have failed the exam.
Without air there would be no life.
1. as if/though, even if/though也可以不用虚拟，表示真实的情况。
例如：It looks as if it is going to rain.

II、实战演练
一．用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. ---If he ________________ (warn), he ________________ (not take) that food.
---Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
2. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _________________ (break).
3. I would rather they _________________ (not hear) of the news.
4. I wish I _______________ (have) a room of my own when I was a child.
5. To the surprise of the public, the identification of the cause of such a simple event ___________________ (take) more than a year.
6. Without air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night _______________ (be) freezing cold, too cold for us to stay.
7. If I had worked harder at school, I _____________________(sit) in a comfortable office now.
8. Her pale face suggested that she _____________ (be) ill, and her colleagues suggested that she _____________ (have) a medical examination.
9. I insisted he ____________ (go) to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing __________ (be) wrong with him.
10. He asks that he _______________ (give) an opportunity to explain why he’s refused to go there.
11. It is high time we _____________ (get) down to discussing this plan.
12. If it were not for the fact that you ___________ (be) too busy, I would ask you to help me do this right now.
13. Who do you suggest __________________ (send) to work there?
14. I would have come earlier, but I ________________ (not know) that you were waiting for me.
15. If it _______________ (rain) tomorrow, the outing would be cancelled.

二、用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空:(共10小题,每题2分)
1.If you ___ (arrive) ten minutes earlier, you could have seen them off.
2.It's time that we ___ (go) to the railway station.
3.If they___ (not help) us ,our experiment would have failed.
4.You're five minutes late.I suggested that you ___ (come )earlier tomorrow.
5.Mather often tells us that it is necessary that we ___ (drink)
a glass of water after we get up.
6.She insisted that she___ (send) to work in the faraway small town.
7. ___ I not ___ (forget) his telephone number,I would have rung him.
8.He is busy now. If he ___ (be) free, he___ (go) with you.
9.The manager was in his office then. If he ___ (be) here, everything ___ (settle) in a minute.
10.Noisy as it was, he went on reading as if nothing ___ (happen).　
三、完成句子(每空一词):(共10个空,每空2分)
1.真想不到我们俩会在这里见面.
It's strange that we________here.

2.如果没有参加玛丽的生日聚会的话,我们彼此就不会认识了.
If we hadn't taken part in Mary's birthday party, we___________ each other.

3.—这么近的路,我们应该步行到车站来.
—是啊,根本没必要乘出租车.
—We______　_______　________to the station, it was so near.
—Yes. A taxi wasn't at all necessary.

4.万一明天下雨的话,我们将不得不推迟参观颐和园.
________　it rain tomorrow, we ______　______to put off the visit to the Summer Palace.　
四．Part A.
1. If people ______(drive) more slowly, there wouldn’t be so many accidents.
2. If you had worked carefully, you _____(not make) so many mistakes.
3. The boat wouldn’t have drifted away, if we _____ (tie) it up.
4. If I had known you already _____(have) a typewriter, I _____(not, buy) one for your birthday.
5. If he _____(be) here this afternoon I would go with him.
6. If it were to rain tomorrow, the match _____(postpone).
7. But for your help, we ______(not be) able to finish the work in time.
8. If it _____(not, be) for the leadership of the Party, we would not have achieved so much.
9. I wish I _____(study) hard while I was young.
10. It is about time that fence ______(mend).
11. My request is that we ______(hold) another session to discuss the problem.
12. It is strange that the car _____(break) down at exactly the same place where it _____(break) down yesterday.
13. The baby smiled as if he _____(understand) what his mother _____(say).
14. He talked as if he _____(do) all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I _____(do) most of it.
15. If only we _____(have) a phone! I’m tired of queuing outside the public phone box.
16. ----- “Can we come in late tomorrow?” ----- “I’d rather you _____(come) in on time.”
17. He looks as if he _____(be) ill for a long time.
18. He always talks as though he ______(address) a public meeting.
19. If a metal ______(heat), it will expand.
20. I _____(stay) home if it rains this evening.

Part B.
1. She would call you immediately if she _____(need) help.
2. If I had seen the movie, I _____(tell) you all about it now.
3. If he _____(decide) earlier, he could have left on the afternoon flight.
4. _______ I _____(take) my umbrella with me when I _____(come) out this morning, I _____(not be) so wet now.
5. If you had listened to me, you _____ (not be) in such trouble now.
6. I wish they _____ (stop) making so much noise so that I could concentrate on my work.
7. It is inconceivable that he _____ (not see) me that day for I ______(wave) to her.
8. What a pity that he gave orders that all those lovely trees _____(cut) down.
9. Mr. Jones would rather _____(stay) home last night.
10. Henry would rather that his brother _____(work) in the same department as he does.
11. Electric current flows through a conductor as though it _____(be) a fluid.
12. We _____(invite) her to the party but we didn’t know that she ______(already, come) back from abroad.
13. Today’s industrial production ______(be) impossible without the contribution made by the science of physics.
14. I hate driving. I’d much rather you _____(drive).
15. The guests ______(arrive) last night, but there is still no news about them.
16. Mother_____(feel) anxious if I came home late.
17. Even if I ______(be) with you then, I ______(can, not, do) much for you.
18. A less conscientious man ______(not, try) so hard to get this job done.
19. Do you wish that you ______(have) a sister like her?
20. Isn’t it surprising that he ______(have) two car accidents during the past week?
















答案

一．1. had been warned; wouldn’t have taken 2. were broken 3. didn’t 4. had had 5. should have taken 6. would be 7. would be sitting 8. was; have 9. go; was 10. be given 11. got 12. are 13. be sent 14. didn’t know 15. should/were to rain

二、1.had arrived　2.went (should go)　3.had not helped　4.(should) come　
　　5.(should) drink　6.(should) be sent　7.Had; forgotten　8.were;would go
9.had been; would have been settled　10.were happening

三、1.meet　2.wouldn't have known　3.should have walked　4.Should; would have

四．Part A:
1. drove 2. wouldn’t have made 3. had tied 4. have / would not have bought
5. should be / were / were to be 6. would be postponed 7. wouldn’t have been
8. were not 9. had studied 10. were mended 11. (should) hold
12. should have broken / broke 13. had understood / said
14. had done / did 15. had 16. came 17. had been
18. were addressing 19. is heated 20. will stay

Part B:
1. should need / needed 2. would tell 3. had decided
4. had / taken / came / would not be 5. would not be 6. would stop
7. should not have seen / waved 8. be cut 9. have stayed
10. worked 11. were 12. would have invited / had already come
13. would be 14. drove 15. should have arrived 16. would feel
17. had been / could not have done 18. would not have tried
19. had 20. should have had














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