通用版2020年中考语法专项突破+题型特训专题：06 动词含答案

专题6 动词
考点一、动词及其分类分类
动词主要功能是充当谓语，用来表示主语做什么（即行为动词），或表示主语是什么或怎么样（即状态动词）的词，例如：The boy runs fast.（这个男孩跑得快。）runs表示主语的行为He is a boy.（他是个男孩。）is与后面的表语a boy表示主语的状态
动词可以按照含义及它们在句中的作用分成四类，即连系动词、情态动词、助动词和行为动词（也称实义动词）。
考点二、系动词的用法
连系动词是表示主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的词，它虽有词义，但不完整，所以不能单独作谓语，必须跟表语一起构成合成谓语。连系动词可具体分为三类：1、表示“是”的动词be。它在不同的主语后面和不同的时态中有不同的形式。如：
He was a soldier two years ago.（两年前他是个士兵。）We are Chinese.（我们是中国人。）2、表示“变”、“变成”的意思的词，如become, get, grow, turn,?都解释为“变”、“变得”，例如：She became a college student.（她成了一名大学生。）He feels sick. His face turns white.（他感到不舒服，他的脸色变苍白了。）3、表示“感觉”的词，如look（看起来），smell（闻起来），sound（听起来）等，例如：The story sounds interesting.（这个故事听起来很有趣。）The flowers smell sweet.（这些花闻起来很香。）
考点三、情态动词的用法
这类词本身虽有意义，但不完整。它们表示说话人的能力、说话人的语气或情态，如“可能”、“应当”等。这类动词有can, may, must, need, dare, could, might等。它们没有人称和数的变化，不能单独作谓语，必须与行为动词（原形）一起作谓语，表示完整的意思。
构成疑问句时，通常放在主语前面；构成否定句时，not放在这些情态动词之后。可用它们的缩写形式（can’t, cannot, mustn’t等）。例如：I can dance.（我会跳舞。）can,?能,?会He can’t walk because he is a baby.（因为他是个婴儿，不会走路。）can’t,?不必May I come in？（我可以进来吗？）may,?可以
考点四、助动词
这类词本身无词义，不能单独作谓语，只能与主要动词一起构成谓语，表示不同的时态、语态、表示句子的否定和疑问，例如：He does not speak English well.（他英语讲得不好。）句中的does是助动词，既表示一般现在时，又与not一起构成否定形式。Did he have any milk and bread for his breakfast ?（他早餐喝牛奶、吃面包吗？）句中的did是助动词，既表示一般过去时，又和动词have一起构成疑问。
考点五、实义动词
实义动词又叫行为动词，是表示行为、动作或状态的词。它的词义完整，可以单独作谓语，有人称、数和时态的相应变化。例如：I live in?Beijing?with my mother.（我和我妈妈住在北京。）live，住It has a round face.（它有一张圆脸。）has，有
考点六、动词词形变化
动词在句子中充当谓语的同时，随着时态或语态的变化，也有自己的特有变化。
考点七、非谓语动词及其应用。
一、选择填空
1.There__lots of people at the restaurant when I got there.
A.is B.was C.are D.were
2.You ____ eat the soup if you don’t like it.
A.shouldn’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.can’t
3.This sentence _______ right. Please write it down.
A.feels B.sounds C.tastes D.smells
4.My sister wants a new dress. She _________ it to the party.
A.wears B.has worn C.wore D.is going to wear
5.I didn’t hear you because I ________ the news on the radio.
A.listen to B.am listening to C.listened to D.was listening to
6.I _______ my homework, I guess I can’t join you.
A.don’t finish B.didn’t finish C.haven’t finished D.won’t finish
7.-Whose is the pencil box?
-It ________ be Tom’s. Look at his name on the cover!
A. can B. may C. must D. need
8. ________ a book in the library, enter a key word into the computer.
A. To find B. Find C. To write D. Write
9. The clothing store ________ a sale. The clothes there are very cheap.
A. has B. had C. is having D. was having
10. Miss Zhang, the most beautiful teacher, ________ many flowers these days.
A. received B. will receive C. was receiving D. has received
11. Your sweater looks smart. Where ________ you ________ it?
A. do, get B. did, get C. will, get D. have, got
12.We often hear her after class.
A.sing B.to sing C.sings D.sang
13. —Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon?
—Yes, you ______.
A. must B. can C. may D. need
14. I’d like you ______ for a picnic with us.
A. go B. to go C. going D. went
15. Hong Kong___________ to be a good place for eating today.
A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1. Nancy often goes______ (swim) with her friends in summer
2.I want ______ (go) to the shop.3.The little girl likes ________ (play) basketball. She______ (play) on the playground now.4.The teacher _______ (go) to school on foot every day.5.Let's _________ (speak) English.6.-_______ the man ________ (open) the window? -No, he isn't. He is __________ (close) the window.7. I _________ (lend) her some CDs the day before yesterday。8. I'm sorry ___________ (wake) you up.9.Would you please___________(not play) with the chalk?10.You'd better________________(pass) this book to her.三、根据所给汉语或首字母提示写出下列句中所缺的名词
1 Look! A little girl _______ (游泳) in the river(河).
2.I don't have any pens. I think she ______ (有) some.
3.Don't _______ (读) your books. Please ________ (听) to me now.
4.Can you help me _________ (搬运) the box?5.Can I _________ (借) your bike?6.Do you like ________ (看电视)?
7. My parents are busy _________ (为……做准备) the visitors.
8.I think you'd better not ________ (出去) alone at night.
9. Do you mind my _____ (听音乐)? ---Never mind.
10.I am afraid of _____(游泳), but Tom often _______(教) me_____(游泳).
11.What about ________ (坐) here ? OK , let me _________ (坐) here.
12.Tomorrow ________ (是) my birthday. I want _______ (举行) a birthday party . Would you ________ (来) to my party?
13. He mustn't __________ (停放) his car here . ___________ (看) at the sign " NO parking.
14.You need _________ (穿戴) warm clothes in winter.
15.Who ________(教) you English last term?
四、词语运用
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
say, do , work , believe, may, watch, see, be, think, eat
Can animals be made to work for us ? Some scientists __1__ that one day animals __2__ be taught to do a number of simple jobs .They __3__ that in a film or on TV we may __4__ elephants, monkeys ,dogs ,bears ,or other animals doing a lot of things .If you __5__ carefully , you may find that those animals are given something to eat in return for __6__ them. The scientists say that many different animals may be taught to do a number of simple jobs if they will get something __7__. Of course, as we know , dogs can be used to guard a house ,and elephants can be used to do some heavy jobs. And we can also teach animals __8__ in factories. Apes ,for example have __9__ used in America to help make cars and scientists ___10__ that these monkeys may one day get in crops and even drive trains .?五、完形填空
Mrs. Green lives in the country, and she ___1__ know London very well. One day, she goes to London, but she 2 find her way. Just then, she 3 a man near the bus stop. “ I can ask him the way. ” she 4 . Then she goes over to the man and asks，“ Excuse me, will you please
5 me the way to King Street?” But the man doesn’t say anything. He 6 Cuba. He doesn’t 7 English. He comes to London for a 8 . He takes out a book and 9 something on it. Then he 10 it to Mrs. Green,“Sorry, I can’t speak English.”
( )1. A. does B. doesn’t C. do D. don’t
( )2. A. may B. may not C. can’t D. can
( )3. A. looks at B. watches C. sees D. looks
( )4. A. thinks B. to think C. is thinking D. think
( )5. A.said B. say C. talk D. tell
( )6. A. am B. is C. isn’t D. are
( )7. A. speak B. speaks C. speaking D. spoke
( )8. A. walk B. swim C. visit D. look
( )9. A. writing B. write C. writes D. wrote
( )10. A. shows B. gives C. gets D. takes
参考答案：
一、1—5BDBDD 6—10ACACD 11—15BAABC
二、1.swimming 2.to go 3. playing; is playing 4.goes 5. speak 6.Is openning; closing 7. lend 8. to wake 9. not play 10.pass
三、1.is swimming 2.has 3.read; listen 4.carry 5.borrow 6.watching TV 7.get ready for 8.go out 9.listenning to Music 10.swimming; teaches; to swim 11.sitting; sit 12.is; to have; come 13. park;look 14. wear/ to wear 15.teaches
四、1.think 2.may 3.say 4.see 5.watch 6.doing 7. to eat 8.to work 9.been 10.believe
五、1—5BCCAD 6—10BACCA