If you associate modern British fiction with the cool, lonely tones of Martin Amis and Julian Barnes, and US fiction with Jonathan Franzen's __1__ inner worlds or John Irving's sentimentality, it seems you have good __2__．An analysis of the __3__ texts of English-language books over the __4__ century concludes that, since the 1980s, words that __5__ emotional content have become __6__ more common in US books than in British ones.
The __7__， by anthropologist (人类学家) Alberto Acerbi of the University of Bristol, UK, and his colleagues, takes advantage of Google's database of more than 5 million digitally__8__ books from the past several centuries.This resource has __9__ been used to examine the __10__ of literary styles and trends in literary expressions of individualism.
Such __11__ of the cultural information made available by new technologies has been __12__ “culturomics” (文化组学)．Its __13__ think that these approaches can __14__ trends in social opinions and standards of behavior that are __15__ hidden within vast quantities of data.
“Language use in books __16__ what people are talking about and thinking about during a __17__ time, so Google Books provides a fascinating __18__ into the past，” says psychologist Jean Twenge of San Diego State University in California.
The __19__ results certainly seem to show that informal descriptions about social mood are reflected in the __20__ (both fiction and non-fiction) of the twentieth century.
1．A.independent B．emotional
C．peaceful D．autonomous
2．A.reason B．way
C．excuse D．truth
3．A.digitized B．translated
C．adapted D．adopted
4．A.old B．modern
C．former D．past
5．A.take B．include
C．carry D．arrange
6．A.significantly B．surprisingly
C．doubtfully D．instructively
7．A.book B．study
C．experiment D．lecture
8．A.written B．chosen
C．scanned D．made
9．A.formally B．casually
C．never D．previously
10．A.evolution B．development
C．progress D．revolution
11．A.learning B．mining
C．searching D．using
12．A.regarded B．formed
C．appointed D．called
13．A.opponents B．owners
C．advocates D．writers
14．A.examine B．discover
C．cause D．generate
15．A.certainly B．often
C．also D．otherwise
16．A.suggests B．reflects
C．explains D．displays
17．A.particular B．different
C．hard D．pleasant
18．A.window B．picture
C．sight D．roof
19．A.earliest B．best
C．latest D．poorest
20．A.literature B．science
C．politics D．economics
答案与解析
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了最新研究发现谷歌图书搜索能够反映出不同时期社会观点的行为标准的趋势的变化。
1．B 形容词词义辨析。根据本空后的“or John Irving's sentimentality”可知，此处是说Jonathan Franzen的内心的情感(emotional)世界，故B项正确。
2．A 考查名词词义辨析。根据本空后的“An analysis...”可知，此处是说你似乎有一个好的理由(reason)，故A项正确。
3．A 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文中的“digitally”可知，此处是说一个关于数字化的(digitize)英语课本的分析，故A项正确。
4．D 考查形容词词义辨析。根据本空后的“since the 1980s”可知，此处是说过去的(past)一个世纪，故D项正确。
5．C 考查动词词义辨析。根据本空后的“emotional content”可知，此处是说带有(carry)感情的词汇，故C项正确。
6．A 考查副词词义辨析。根据本空后的“more common in US books than in British ones”可知，美国书本中带有感情的词汇显著地(significantly)比英国书本中更常见，故A项正确。
7．B 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文中的“An analysis”可知，此处指的是这项研究(study)，故B项正确。
8．C 考查动词词义辨析。本句本空前的内容可知，利用谷歌数据库中数字扫描(scan)过得书本，故C项正确。
9．D 考查副词词义辨析。根据本空后的“been used to examine”可知，这个资源早先被用于……，故D项正确。
10．A 考查名词词义辨析。根据本空后的“of literary styles and trends in literary expressions of individualism.”可知，这个资源早先被用于检测文学风格与趋势在个人主义表达上的演变(evolution)，故A项正确。
11．B 考查名词词义辨析。根据本空后的“of the cultural information made available by new technologies”可知，此处是说文学信息方面如此的挖掘(mining)，故B项正确。
12．D 考查动词词义辨析。根据本空后的“culturomics”可知，这种新技术被称为(call)文化组学，故D项正确。
13．C 考查名词词义辨析。根据本空后的“think that these approaches”可知，此处指的是这种新技术的提倡者(advocate)，故C项正确。
14．B 考查动词词义辨析。根据本空后的“trends in social opinions and standards of behavior”可知，这种新技术的提倡者认为它能发现(discover)社会观点和行为标准的趋势，故B项正确。
15．D 考查副词词义辨析。根据本空后的“hidden within vast quantities of data”可知，此处是说在其他方面(otherwise)隐藏在巨大的数据量之内的社会观点和行为标准的趋势，故D项正确。
16．B 考查动词词义辨析。根据本空后的“what people are talking about and thinking about”可知，书本中的语言能够反映出(reflect)人们的所说所想，故B项正确。
17．A 考查形容词词义辨析。根据本空前的“what people are talking about and thinking about during a”可知，书本中的语言能够反映出人们在一段特别(particular)时间的所说所想，故A项正确。
18．A 考查名词词义辨析。根据本空后的“into the past”可知，所以谷歌图书搜索提供了一扇回望过去的窗户(window)，故A项正确。
19．C 考查形容词词义辨析。根据本空后的“results certainly seem to show that informal descriptions about social mood”可知，此处是指最新的(latest)研究结果，故C项正确。
20．A 考查名词词义辨析。根据本空后的“(both fiction and non-fiction) of the twentieth century.”可知，最新的研究成果反映了20世纪文学(literature)上的社会情绪，故A项正确。
课时作业24 完形填空——说明文
(建议用时 30分钟)
A
(2019年福建省厦门外国语学校高三上学期测试)
The new science of spending comes to a surprising conclusion.How we use our money may __1__ as much or more than how much we've got it.Money spent on experiences, __2__ material goods, brings about more happiness.
Imagine that you wake up tomorrow morning to __3__$1 million under your mattress.What would you do __4__ that cash? The new-found wealth will probably make you think about one thing __5__ all else—yourself.A growing body of research reveals that money __6__ our selfish sides, focusing us on __7__ that money can do for us, and us alone.Perhaps you are imagining buying new __8__： a faster car, or even a larger house.
However, studies show that material goods often __9__ deliver lasting happiness.Fortunately, our ongoing research __10__ various ways to get more happiness from every dollar you spend.Changing how you spend money can lead to measurable increases in your happiness.But making these __11__ requires challenging some of our fundamental assumptions about spending, since it's __12__ not to view buying a house as a wise investment.But new research shows it has little impact on your overall happiness.A study in the United States found that homeowners, on average, were no happier than __13__．
Thus, diligently saving up for a down payment might not be such a good idea __14__ it means skipping after-work beers with friends or your annual celebration at a favorite restaurant.Dozens of studies show that people get more happiness from buying __15__ than material things.Experiential purchases—such as trips, concerts and special meals—are specially __16__ to our sense of self, making us who we are.
Experiences come with one more __17__： They are likely to make us __18__ to other people, while more often material things are enjoyed __19__．The importance of social contact for __20__ mental and physical health has been stressed for decades.
1．A.present B．matter
C．appear D．equal
2．A.better than B．other than
C．rather than D．more than
3．A.keep B．own
C．discover D．accept
4．A.to B．with
C．about D．for
5．A.above B．beyond
C．except D．after
6．A.draws out B．takes in
C．stands for D．makes up
7．A.who B．why
C．what D．how
8．A.life B．equipment
C．vehicles D．possessions
9．A.manage to B．fail to
C．tend to D．expect to
10．A.invites B．offers
C．prefers D．follows
11．A.changes B．plans
C．decisions D．mistakes
12．A.easy B．hard
C．foolish D．sensible
13．A.buyers B．sellers
C．builders D．renters
14．A.if B．until
C．unless D．though
15．A.experiences B．goods
C．cars D．houses
16．A.exposed B．added
C．applied D．related
17．A.disadvantage B．conclusion
C．purpose D．benefit
18．A.grateful B．close
C．similar D．equal
19．A.together B．worldwide
C．long D．alone
20．A.increasing B．damaging
C．improving D．recovering
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于消费研究的结论：我们管理手中财富的能力与我们赚钱的能力一样重要，花钱的经历要比物质的东西给我们带来更多的快乐。
1．B 考查动词词义辨析。由本句“How we use our money may __1__as much or more than how much we've got it”可知，我们管理手中财富的能力比我们赚钱的能力更加重要。present呈现；matter重要；appear似乎；equal和……相等。结合选项可知，B选项正确。故选B。
2．C 考查固定词组搭配。由本句“Money spent on experiences, __2__ material goods, bring about more happiness.”可知，花在经历上的钱比花在物质上的钱带来更多的快乐。better than超过，好于；other than除了，不同于；rather than而不是；more than多于，超出。结合选项可知，C选项正确。故选C。
3．C 考查动词词义辨析。由“Imagie that you wake up tomorrow morning to__3__$1million under your mattress.”可知，想象一下你明天早上起床，发现床垫下有100万。keep保持；own拥有；discover发现；accept接受。结合选项可知，C选项正确。故选C。
4．B 考查固定词组搭配。由本句“What would you do__4__that cash？”可知，你会怎么处理这笔钱？do with处理；to表目的，about关于；for为了。结合选项可知，B选项正确。故选B。
5．A 考查介词词义辨析。从后一句“A growing body of research reveals that money __6__our selfish sides”可知，钱会让我们考虑一件事高于其他一切东西，就是你自己。above在……上面；beyond超过；except除……；after在……后面。结合选项可知，A选项正确。故选A。
6．A 考查固定词组搭配。由本句“A growing body of research reveals that money __6__our selfish sides”可知，研究表明，钱也导致了我们自私的一面。draw out提出，导致；take in吸收，领会，欺骗；stand for代表，支持；make up组成，弥补，化妆。结合选项可知，A选项正确。故选A。
7．C 考查连词辨析。根据后一句“Perhaps you are imagining buying new__8__：a faster car, or even a larger house.”可知，我们专注更多的是钱可以为我们做什么。who指人；why指原因；what指内容；how指方式。结合选项可知，C选项正确。故选C。
8．D 考查名词词义辨析。从后一句“a faster car, or even a larger house.”可知，也许你正在想象买新东西。life生活；equipment设备；vehicle交通工具；possession拥有物，财产。结合选项可知，D选项正确。故选D。
9．B 考查固定词组搭配。由本句可知，物质的东西不能带来持久的快乐。manage to设法，达成；fail to未能；tend to趋向；expect to期待。结合选项可知，B选项正确。故选B。
10．B 考查动词词义辨析。由后一句“Changing how you spend money can lead to measurable increases in your happiness.”可知，我们的研究提供更多的花钱可以带来快乐的方式。invite邀请；offer提供；prefer更喜欢；follow跟随。结合选项可知，B选项正确。故选B。
11．A 考查名词词义辨析。由前一句“Changing how you spend money can lead to measurable increases in your happiness.”可知，做出这样的改变，需要挑战我们的习惯。change改变；plan计划； decision决定；mistake错误。结合选项可知，A选项正确。故选A。
12．B 考查形容词词义辨析。由本句“it's __12__ not to view buying a house as a wise investment.”可知，很难不把买房子作为投资。easy容易的；hard困难的；foolish愚蠢的；sensible明智的。结合选项可知，B选项正确。故选B。
13．D 考查名词词义辨析。由本句“A study in the United States found that homeowners, on average, were no happier than__13__．”可知，在美国的一项研究发现，房主，平均而言，没有比租房者更快乐。buyer购买者；seller销售者；builder建筑者；renter租房者。结合选项可知，D选项正确。故选D。
14．A 考查连词词义辨析。由后一句“it means skipping after-work beers with friends or your annual celebration at a favorite restaurant.”可知，如果这意味着下班后不跟朋友喝啤酒，也不去你最喜欢的餐厅参加一年一度的庆祝活动，那么努力挣钱买房不是个好选择。if如果；until直到；unless除非；though虽然。结合选项可知，A选项正确。故选A。
15．A 考查名词词义辨析。根据后一句“Experiential purchases—such as trips, concerts and special meals—are specially __16__ to our sense of self.”可知，人们的购物经历比物质的东西带来更多的快乐。experience经历；goods商品；car车；house房子。结合选项可知，A选项正确。故选A。
16．D 考查动词词义辨析。由本句“Experiential purchases—such as trips, concerts and special meals—are specially __16__ to our sense of self.”可知，体验式的购买，比如旅行、音乐会和特殊的餐点，是与我们的自我意识特别相关的。expose揭露；add增加；apply申请；relate联系。结合选项可知，D选项正确。故选D。
17．D 考查名词词义辨析。由后一句“they are likely to make us __18__to other people”可知，经历给我们带来另一个优点。disadvantage缺点；conclusion结论；purpose目的；benefit优点。结合选项可知，D选项正确。故选D。
18．B 考查形容词词义辨析。由本句可知，经历使我们和别人关系更密切。grateful感激的；close 紧密的；similar相似的；equal平等的。结合选项可知，B选项正确。故选B。
19．D 考查副词词义辨析。由本句“material things are enjoyed__19__”可知，物质的财富是单独享受的。together同时；worldwide在世界各地；long长期地；alone单独地。结合选项可知，D选项正确。故选D。
20．C 考查动词词义辨析。由本句“The importance of social contact for __20__mental and physical health has been stressed for decades.”可知，几十年来，人们一直强调社会交往对改善身心健康的重要性。increase增加；damage破坏；improve提高；recover恢复。结合选项可知，C选项正确。故选C。
B
Taking part in a party is an interesting experience for all those girls and women who love eating, chatting and playing over a simple cup of tea and having a good time all afternoon.If you are going to __1__ a tea party, you will have to plan well.Parties nowadays are simply to __2__ and have some fun in the sun.Making it a party for celebrations can be the greatest __3__．
If you have a theme(主题) for your party, make the invitations in that __4__．Make the invitations in light color __5__ pink.You can tie ribbons (丝带) to the invitations to make them __6__ beautiful and write what you want to express in __7__ handwriting.Once they're ready, take out your __8__ book and send out the invitations to __9__ your guests.
Party foods can be either __10__ at home or brought by the guests to make the party more __11__ .Since it is a party, you can also have singers, __12__ and even some music to be played by some of your talented __13__．
You can also __14__ some gifts for the guests attending the party.Give the __15__ to your guests after your party and __16__ your guests for adding fun and excitement to the party.__17__ doing so, the guests will know that you are such a kind and polite person, and __18__ you invite them, they will be glad to come and have more __19__ together with you.
With those special ideas for a party, don't you __20__ hosting one? Go ahead and have some fun.
1．A.attend B．enter
C．host D．refuse
2．A.get in B．get together
C．get across D．get around
3．A.idea B．time
C．fun_ction D．way
4．A.theme B．title
C．base D．name
5．A.for B．in
C．about D．like
6．A.such B．most
C．less D．more
7．A.quick B．ugly
C．good D．poor
8．A.course B．cheque
C．address D．telephone
9．A.any B．some
C．all D．none
10．A.taken B．made
C．sold D．bought
11．A.formal B．peaceful
C．common D．interesting
12．A.dancers B．educators
C．friends D．sailors
13．A.neighbors B．guests
C．relatives D．students
14．A.prepare B．send
C．ask D．imagine
15．A.gifts B．foods
C．invitations D．letters
16．A.invite B．blame
C．thank D．encourage
17．A.About B．Out
C．Before D．By
18．A.as soon as B．since
C．unless D．next time
19．A.sadness B．fun
C．wonder D．surprise
20．A.look for B．end up
C．care about D．feel like
答案与解析
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。对于很多人来说，参加聚会是非常有趣的经历，那么如何准备一次聚会呢？文章向我们介绍如何组织聚会。
1．C 考查动词辨析。A.attend出席，参加，照顾；B.enter进入；C.host主办，举办；D.refuse拒绝。联系下文内容，可知下文介绍的是如何组织聚会。故这里说的是，如果你准备主办一次聚会，你需要充分计划。故选C。
2．B 考查动词短语辨析。A.get in到达，当选，插话；B.get together聚会，收集，整理；C.get across穿过，被理解，被接受；D.get around传播，走动，说服。句意：现今的聚会就只是简单地聚在一起，在阳光下一起欢乐。根据句意可知选B。
3．A 考查名词辨析。A.idea主义，想法；B.time时间；C.fun_ction功能；D.way方法，路。让它成为庆祝活动的聚会是最棒的主意。故选A。
4．A 考查名词辨析。A.theme主题；B.title标题；C.base基础；D.name名字。句意：如果你的聚会有主题，用那个主题制作邀请函。故选A。
5．D 考查介词辨析。A.for对于，为了；B.in用，在里面；C.about关于，大约；D.like像。用像粉红色这样的浅颜色制作邀请函。故选D。
6．D 考查副词辨析。很明显，给邀请函系上丝带是为了让邀请函更漂亮的。故选D。
7．C 考查形容词辨析。A.quick快的；B.ugly丑陋的；C.good好看的，好的；D.poor穷的，可怜的。根据常理，在邀请函上写下你想表达的，肯定是用好看的笔迹。故选C。
8．C 考查名词辨析。A.course过程，课程；B.cheque支票；C.address地址；D.telephone电话。邀请函准备好之后，要拿出通讯录，联系下文send out the invitations发送邀请函，故这里通讯录是地址名册。故选C。
9．C 考查代词辨析。A.any任何；B.some一些；C.all所有；D.none没有。很明显，邀请函准备好之后，要给所有的客人发送。故选C。
10．B 考查动词词义辨析。A.taken带；B.made制作；C.sold卖；D.bought买。句意：聚会的食物可以在家里制作或者由客人带过来。故选B。
11．D 考查形容词辨析。A.formal正式的；B.peaceful和平的；C.common普通的；D.interesting有趣的。聚会的食物在家里制作或者由客人带过来，目的肯定是为了让聚会更有趣。故选D。
12．A 考查名词辨析。A.dancers跳舞者；B.educators教育者；C.friends朋友；D.sailors水手。句意：因为是聚会，你可以请一些歌者或者舞者表演。和singers对应的是dancers，故选A。
13．B 考查名词辨析。A.neighbors邻居；B.guests客人；C.relatives亲戚；D.students学生。作为聚会的主办者，这里是请一些有天赋的客人演奏音乐。句意：因为是聚会，你可以请一些歌者或者舞者，甚至是有天赋的客人来演奏一些音乐。故选B。
14．A 考查动词辨析。A.prepare准备；B.send发送，派遣；C.ask问；D.imagine想象。句意：你也可以为出席聚会的客人准备一些礼物。根据句意可知选A。
15．A 考查名词辨析。A.gifts礼物；B.foods食物；C.invitations邀请，邀请函；D.letters信件，字母。联系上句，可以给客人准备礼物，可知这里，在聚会之后，把礼物给他们。故选A。
16．C 考查动词辨析。A.invite邀请；B.blame责备；C.thank感谢；D.encourage鼓励。句意：聚会之后，把礼物给客人们，并感谢客人们给聚会带来乐趣和兴奋。这里考查thank sb. for为……感谢某人，故选C。
17．D 考查介词辨析。by doing so通过这样来做。句意：通过这样来做。你的客人们会觉得，你是一位很善良又有礼貌的人。故选D。
18．D 考查词组辨析。A.as soon as一……就……；B.since自从，既然；C.unless除非；D.next time下次。句意：下次你再邀请他们，他们就会很乐意来，而且和你再一起会更开心。根据句意可知选D。
19．B 考查名词辨析。A.sadness伤心；B.fun快乐；C.wonder奇迹；D.surprise惊讶。这里考查固定结构have fun玩得开心，过得愉快。句意：下次你再邀请他们，他们就会很乐意来，而且和你再一起会更开心。故选B。
20．D 考查动词短语辨析。A.look for寻找；B.end up结束，最终出于；C.care about关心，担忧；D.feel like想要。句意：有这么多特别的好主意，难道你不想主办一次聚会吗？根据句意可知选D。
课件22张PPT。二轮专题复习 英语 引领高考/把握考试 模块二 综合能力提升篇Part 3 完形填空
第四讲 说明文技 巧 点 拨
