2020届一轮复习英语提分卷：（3）介词和介词短语 B卷一、单选题（共20个小题；每个小题1分，共20分）
1. ―Thank God you’re safe!
―I stepped back, just ________ to avoid the racing car.
A. in time B. in case C. in need D. in vain
2. Scientists are convinced ________ the positive effect of laughter ________ physical and mental health.
A. of; at B. by; in C. of; on D. on; at
3. Most morning reading classes should be made use ________ English better.
A. of learning?????B. to learn?????C. of to learn?????D. to learning
4. Do you have any difficulty ________?
A. on listening B. to listening
C. for listening D. in listening
5. We offer an excellent education to our students. ________, we expect students to work hard.
A. On average B. At best C. In return D. After all
6. Determining where we are ________ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.
A. in contrast to B. in defense of
C. in face of D. in relation to
7. ________ some coins ,I think there are only 10 dollars left in my pocket.
A. Rather than????? B. Apart from
C. Instead of????? D. In addition
8. With a school built in the village, the children needn’t climb ________?the mountain for study.
A. at B. for C. over D. in
9. —How about your trip to Italy?
—Oh, ________ the fine weather, we enjoyed ourselves indeed.
A. but for B. thanks to C. in spite of D. Instead of
10. When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be ________ trees that are over 1,000 years old.
A. among B. against C. behind D. below
11. Many people who live along the coast make a living ________ fishing industry.
A. at B. in C. on D. by
12. China’s soft?power?grows?________ the?increasing?
appreciation?and?understanding of China globally.
A. in line with?????????? B. in reply to
C. in return for????????? D. in honour of
13. Bob thought he couldn’t go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went ________.
A. at first B. after all C. above all D. at random
14. The number of the employees has grown from 1,000 to 1,200.This means it has risen ________ 20 percent.
A. at?????????B. by?????????C. to?????????D. with
15. A group of soldiers went into the woods ________ the missing pilot.
A. search for B. in search of
C. searched for D. searched of
16. There is a party tonight ________ our new president and I am ________ to be invited.
A. in honour; honoured
B. in honour of; of great honour
C. in great honour; in honour of
D. in honour of; honoured
17. Christmas Day is usually celebrated on December 25th ________ the birth of Jesus Christ.
A. in praise of B. in honour of
C. in terms of D. in association with
18. —Don't you get tired ________ studying all the time, kid?
—No, in fact, I'm fond of it, but I'm a bit tired ________ working out that difficult problem you gave us.
A. of; of B. with; from C. of; with D. with; with
19. Before a child goes to a distant place for study, parents usually get everything ready for him ________.
A. in time B. in a hurry C. in advance D. in short
20. An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are ________ it.
A. against B. for C. to D. with
二、单句语法填空（共15个小题；每个小题2分，共30分）
1. At __________?time, I lost heart in English learning, but my teacher often said to me,“Keep on studying hard,and you’ll succeed __________?time.”
2. After __________ (drop) a small stone into still water, we saw ripples going out __________?all directions.
3. __________ (not like) his father, Tony Blair is humorous and easy-going.
4. More and more people have realized that good health depends on __________ balanced diet and plenty __________?rest and exercise.
5. Success in life doesn't happen?__________ accident. It's the result of devoting your time and energy to what you've set out to do.
6. It is said that body language accounts __________ 55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 percent.
7. You’ll succeed __________?time as long as you love it with passion because life will give back what you put into it.
8. Although I admire you __________?your work on soil,I think you should apologize __________?the villagers for the water pollution.
9. There is a party tonight in memory __________?a famous scientist born in this town.
10. The government has taken measures to bring __________?the prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.
11. So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is far __________?our ideal. We have to work still harder.
12. The teacher stressed again that the students should not leave __________?any important details while retelling the story.
13. For all these years I have been working for others. I'm hoping I’ll set __________?my own business someday.
14. Last year, one of Britain's leading supermarket chains set __________?a Sunday School to help parents who want to do their shopping on Sundays.
15. Polar bears depend on the sea's ice for their survival. The sea's ice is more than just the platform that the bears walk __________.
三、完型填空（共20个小题；每个小题1.5分，共30分）
In 1982 Steven Callahan was crossing the Atlantic alone in his sailboat when it struck something and sank. He was out of the shipping lanes and floating in a life raft,???? 1??? ?. His supplies were few. His???? 2??? ?were small. Yet when three fishermen found him seventy-six days later, he was alive—much skinnier than he was when he???? 3??? ?, but alive.
The thing that???? 4??? ?my eye was how he managed to keep himself going when all hope seemed lost, when there seemed no???? 5??? ?in continuing the struggle, when he was suffering greatly, when his life boat was broken with a hole and after more than a week struggling with his weak body to???? 6??? ?it, it was still leaking air and wearing him out to keep pumping it up. He was???? 7??? ?. He was thoroughly???? 8??? ?. Giving up would have seemed the only wise choice.
When people survive these kinds of circumstances, they do something with their???? 9??? ?that gives them the courage to keep going. Many people in???? 10??? ?desperate circumstances give in or go mad. Something the survivors do with their thoughts helps them find the ??? 11??? ?to carry on.
“I tell myself I can???? 12??? ?it,” wrote Callahan in his account. “Compared to what others have been???? 13??? ?, I’m fortunate. I tell myself these things over and over,???? 14??? ?my determination to keep going.”
I wrote that down after I read it. It???? 15??? ?me as something important. And I’ve told myself the same thing when my own goals seemed???? 16??? ?off. And every time I’ve said it. I have always come back to my???? 17??? ?.
So here, coming to us from the extreme edge of???? 18??? ?, are words that can give us strength.???? 19??? ?you’re going through, tell yourself you can handle it. Tell this to yourself over and over, and it will help you get through the???? 20??? ?
spots with a little more determination.
1. A. aloud????B. alone????C. aside????D. aboard 2. A. fish????B. holes????C. crew????D. chances 3. A. started????B. arrived????C. rose????D. disappeared 4. A. covered????B. hurt????C. caught????D. entered 5. A. point????B. companion????C. sailor????D. opportunity 6. A. board????B. abandon????C. save????D. fix 7. A. starved????B. attacked????C. disturbed????D. sunburnt 8. A. excited????B. exhausted????C. amazed????D. shocked 9. A. tools????B. dreams????C. minds????D. hands 10. A. similarly????B. physically????C. mentally????D. differently 11. A. luck????B. direction????C. courage????D. compass 12. A. handle????B. delay????C. realize????D. overlook 13. A. into????B. for????C. against????D. through 14. A. bringing out????B. building up????C. putting forward
D. taking away 15. A. frightened????B. struck????C. disappointed????D. surprised 16. A. far????B. low????C. heavy????D. bright 17. A. status????B. crossroads????C. tracks????D. senses 18. A. survival????B. voyages????C. oceans????D. experiment 19. A. However????B. Whoever????C. Whatever????D. Whichever 20. A. smooth????B. rough????C. easy????D. comfortable
四、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5个小题；每个小题2分，共10分）
A small robot may help children who are recovering from a long-term illness in the hospital or at home. These children may feel isolated(分离的) from their friends and classmates. However, there is a piece of good news for them.?①__________ Through the robot, the children can hear their teachers and friends.
Anyone who has had a long-term illness knows that recovering at home can be lonely. This can be especially true for children. They may feel left out.?②__________ This isn’t good for their recovery. They need friends.But their friends can’t come to play with them because they have to attend school. Now the robot can be their friend.The robot is called AVI. AVI goes to school for a child who is unable to leave home while recovering from a long-term illness.?③__________ They carry the robot between classes and place the robot on the child’s desk.
④__________?The founders of No Isolation are Karen Dolva and Marius Aabel. Dolva explains how the robot AVI works.She says from home the child uses a phone to start the robot.Then they use the phone to control the robot’s movements. At school,the robot becomes the eyes,ears and voice of the child.
The best part is that students can take part in classroom activities from wherever they are recovering-whether at home or on the hospital bed. The robot is equipped with speakers, microphones and cameras, which make communicating easier. It means they can communicate with their teachers and classmates easily. ⑤__________
A.?So they won’t feel left out at all.
B.?They just want to recover quickly.
C.?As a result, they can get really sad.
D.?The robot can take their place at school.
E.?And the child’s school friends must help.
F.?So who invented the good “friend” for children?
G.?A Norwegian company called No Isolation created the robot.
五、短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My dream school starts at 8:30 am and ends at 3:30 pm. They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. We didn't need to do so many homework. Therefore,we have more time with after-school activities. For example,we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day.
My dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest,or sat by the lake listening music. The teachers here are kind and helpfully. They are not only our teachers but also our friends.
英语（3）B卷答案全解全析
一、单选题（20分）
1. A【解析】考查介词短语。句意: —谢天谢地, 你很安全。—我朝后退了, 才及时避开了飞速驶来的汽车。A及时; B以免; C需要; D徒劳。从语境可知说话人避开了汽车, 而in time to do意思为“及时做某事”, 所以A选项正确。
2. C【解析】第一空考查 sb. be convinced of sth., 第二空考查effect后面的介词应用on。
3. C【解析】句意:多数的早晨阅读课应该被利用更好的学习英语。Make use of是固定用法, 意思是利用, 后面不定式作目的状语, 选C。
4. D【解析】考查固定搭配的用法。“have difficulty in doing sth”表示“做某事有困难”, 是固定搭配, 故用介词in。本题意为: 你在听力上有任何困难吗?故这道题应该选D项。
5. C【解析】句意: 我们给我们的学生们提供极好的教育, 作为回报, 我们期待我们的学生们努力学习。A.平均起来, 一般说来; B.最多, 充其量; C.作为回报; D.毕竟, 终究。根据句意故选C。
6. D【解析】考查介词短语。A.in contrast to 对比, 截然不同; B.in defense of 为……辩护; C.in face of 面对; D.in relation to与……有关。根据周围的环境辨别方位仍然是我们生存的一项极其重要的技能。故选D。
7. B【解析】句意: 除了几枚硬币，我想我的口袋里只剩下10美元了。A. Rather than 而不是；B. Apart from 除了; C. Instead of 代替; D. In addition另外；除……之外, 后面加句子, In addition to后面加名词或代词。故选B。 考点: 考查介词短语的用法。
8. C【解析】句意: 因为村子里面建了一个学校，孩子们不必再翻过山去上学了。用over“翻过, 越过”, at“在……地方”, or“为了”, in“在……里面”, 所以选C。
9. B【解析】题意为“你的意大利之旅怎么样? ”“嗯, 幸亏天气很好, 我们确实玩得很快乐”。thanks to意为“幸亏, 多亏”, 符合语境。but for意为“要不是……”，in spite of意为“尽管……”, instead of意为“代替, 而不是”。
10. A【解析】考查介词。根据“……trees that are over 1,000 years old.”可知是置身于这些树木之中, 应选A项。 among意为在……当中; against意为以……为背景, 衬托; behind意为在……后面; below意为在……下面。句意: 当你驾车穿过加利福尼亚的红杉森林时, 你会置身在那些树龄超过1000年的树林中。
11. B【解析】考查介词。根据句意可知此处表示“在……产业里”, 故用介词in。句意: 许多住在海边的人以捕鱼业为生。
12. A【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意: 中国的软实力增长与日俱增与全球对中国的赏识和理解相一致。A. in line with 按照; 与……一致; B. in reply to 答复; C. in return for 作为……的报答; D. in honour of 为纪念, 为庆祝。故选A。
点睛:本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析介词短语的能力。考生平时在学习中多积累之外还需要充分利用特定语境理解词义, 还应注意多辨析意思相近的介词短语, 重点关注它们用法上的区别。
13. B【解析】考查介词短语辨析及语境理解。句意: 鲍勃认为他不能去参加聚会,因为他不得不写一份报告, 但他终究去了。A. at first 起初; B. after all 毕竟, 终究。C. above all 首先; D. at random 随便地。根据前面的转折连词可知, 与前面情况相反, 故选B。
14. B【解析】by后接增长或减少的幅度; to后接增长或减少后达到的具体数量。
15. B【解析】本题考查search的用法和搭配。由went into判断所选答案不应是谓语动词，排除A、 C 、D。而且D项搭配不对。句意: 一队士兵走进树林去搜寻失踪的飞行员。
16. D【解析】句意：今晚有一个欢迎我们新董事长的聚会, 我很荣幸地收到了邀请。第一个空用in honour of表示“向……表示敬意”; be/feel honoured“感到荣幸”。
17. B【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意: 人们通常把十二月二十五日定为圣诞日以纪念耶稣基督的诞辰; in praise of“称赞”; in honour of “纪念”; in terms of “在……方面”; in association with“与……在一起，与……联合”。
18. C【解析】从下文“I'm fond of it”, 可知上文的意思是“难道你对一直学习不感到腻烦吗”。下文的意思是“是的, 我不感到腻烦。事实上, 我喜欢这样, 不过解决你给我们提供的难题使我感觉有点累。”根据句意: 第二空应该用短语be tired from/with, 表示“由于……而劳累”。
19. C【解析】考查短语辨析。in time“按时”; in a hurry“匆忙地”; in advance“预先”; in short“简言之”。根据句意“孩子外出求学时, 父母往往预先为他准备好一切”可知C项正确。
20. A【解析】因为大多数的委员会成员反对这个协议, 所以签约似乎不可能。所填介词与系动词be构成固定句型, 意思是: 反对, 选A。be for支持, 赞成; be to到达; be with和……在一起, 都与句意不符。
二、单句语法填空（30分）
1. one; in
【解析】考査固定短语。at one time曾经,一度; in time及时, 迟早。句意: 我一度对英语学习丧失了信心, 但我的老师经常对我说:“坚持努力学习, 你迟早会成功的。”
2. dropping; in
【解析】考査动名词与介词。第一空: after为介词, 其后应用动词的动名词形式; 第二空考査固定搭配: in all directions朝四面八方。句意: 将一块小石丢到静止的水中, 我们看到一圈圈涟漪向四处扩散。
3. Unlike
【解析】考查介词。like作为介词, 意为“像”, 其反义词为unlike, 意为“不像”。由语境可知此处应为“不像”, 故用unlike。句意: 不像他的爸爸, 托尼?布莱恩既幽默又随和。
4. a; of
【解析】考查冠词与介词。由语境可知第一空意为“―种”, 且balanced发音为辅音音素开头, 故用a, a balanced diet —种均衡饮食; 第二空中的plenty of “充足的”为固定搭配。句意: 越来越多的人认识到好的身体取决于种均衡饮食和充足的休息跟大量的锻炼。
5. by
【解析】考査介词。固定搭配by accident/chance意为“偶然地, 意外地”。其反义短语为:on purpose/by design意为“故意地”。句意: 人生的成功不是偶然的。它是你全副身心投入你最初的理想的结果。
6. for
【解析】句意：据说肢体语言在第一印象中占55%的作用, 而你所说的话仅仅占7%。account for“导致; (比例)占……”。
7. in
【解析】考査介词。in time“迟早, 及时”, 本题中意为“迟早”。句意: 只要你满怀激情地去热爱生活, 你迟早会取得成功, 因为生活会回报你的投入。
8. for; to
【解析】考査介词。admire sb. for sth.“因为某事而赞赏某人”; apologize to sb. for sth.“因为某事向某人道歉”。句意: 尽管我赞赏你在土壤方面的研究工作,但是我认为你应该因为水污染的问题向村民们道歉。
9. of
【解析】考査固定搭配。in memory of……“为了纪念?”。句意: 今天晚上将举行一场聚会来纪念一位出生于这个城镇的著名的科学家。
10. down
【解析】句意: 政府已经采取措施来降低日常用品的价格以保持市场的稳定。bring down the price 降价。
11. from
【解析】句意:到目前为止我们已经为建设低碳经济做了很多。但是这离理想化还差很远,我们必须要更加努力工作。far from远非。
12. out
【解析】句意: 老师再次强调学生们在复述故事时不要漏掉任何重要的细节。leave out遗漏;忽略。
13. up
【解析】句意: 这么多年来我一直在为别人干活。我希望有一天我会创建自己的公司。set up创建, 开办。
14. up
【解析】考査固定搭配。set up意为“建立, 成立”。
15. on
【解析】句意:北极熊依赖海冰来生存。海冰不仅仅是北极熊在上面行走的平台。walk on the platform在平台上行走。
三、完型填空（30分）
【语篇导读】史蒂文·卡拉汉在1982年独自横跨大西洋时, 他的船沉了。他在海上坚持了76天之后被三个渔民发现了。
1. B【解析】此问根据上文的“alone in his sailboat”可知, 当船沉没的时候,史蒂文·卡拉汉是独自一人。
2. D【解析】因为他是一个人, 而且补给也很少, 所以他生存下来的希望很小。chance意为“可能性”。
3. A【解析】76天之后, 他比自己刚开始(started)这次航行的时候瘦了很多。
4. C【解析】catch one’s eye是固定短语, 意为“吸引某人的注意”。
5. A【解析】根据语境可知, 选A。there is no point in doing sth. 意为“做某事是没有意义的”。
6. D【解析】根据上文的“ his lifeboat was broken with a hole” 和下文的“it was still leaking air”可知, 此处表示他试图修理救生船。
7. A【解析】此处是在描述他当时的困境。他是饿的, A项符合语境。
8. B【解析】根据空后的“Giving up would ...choice. ”可知, 选B。exhausted意为“疲惫不堪的”。
9. C【解析】根据下文中的“ Something the survivors do with their thoughts helps them find the 51 to carry on. ” 可知, 此处是指想法,即minds。
10. A【解析】作者将史蒂文与其他人相比。在类似绝望的情况下, 很多人都会屈服或是发疯。
11. C【解析】根据上文中的“gives them the courage to keep going” 可知选C。
12. A【解析】他告诉自己一定能应付这些困难。handle意为“处理, 应付”。下文中的“tell yourself you can handle it”是提示。
13. D【解析】此处是史蒂文拿自己所经历的困难与其他人所经历的进行对比。go through意为“经历(困难、痛苦等)”。
14. B【解析】史蒂文不断地向自己重复这些事情, 增强(building up)坚持下去的决心。
15. B【解析】此处指“我”突然意识到这一点非常重要。strike意为“猛地意识到”。
16. A【解析】当目标看上去离“我”很远的时候, “我”就会不断地提醒自己。
17. D【解析】每次说这句话的时候, “我”都会恢复理智。come to one’s senses是固定短语, 意为“恢复理智”。
18. A【解析】本文讲述的是关于生存信念的故事, 此处“the extreme edge of survival”指命悬一线。
19. C【解析】无论你经历了什么,告诉自己你能行。whatever无论什么。
20. B【解析】不断告诉你自己你能行, 这会帮助你以更大的决心度过艰难的时刻。
四、短文填空（10分）
【语篇导读】挪威一家公司研发了一个机器人,可以代替因生病不能去学校的学生去课堂。
1. D【解析】根据空后的“Through the robot, the children can hear their teachers and friends.”可知,这里是指这个机器人可以代替学生去学校。
2. C【解析】根据此空前的“They may feel left out.”和此空后的“This isn’t good for their recovery.”可知, 这里是指那些因为长期生病不能去学校的学生会感觉被孤立,这样会导致他们的心情很糟糕, 这对他们的身体康复是很不利的。
3. E【解析】根据“They carry the robot between classes and place the robot on the child’s desk.”可知选E项。
4. G【解析】根据“The founders of No Isolation are Karen Dolva and Marius Aabel.”可知, 这里是在介绍这个机器人的创造者。
5. A【解析】根据“It means they can communicate with their teachers and classmates easily. ”可知, 机器人可以使那些孩子们很轻松地与老师和同学们交流, 使小孩们不再感到孤单。
五、短文改错（10分）
My dream school starts at 8:30 am and ends at 3:30 pm. are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. We need to do so homework. Therefore,we have more time after-school activities. For example,we can do reading for one and a half and play sports for one hour every day.
My dream school like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest,or by the lake listening ?music. The teachers here are kind and . They are not only our teachers but also our friends.
【解析】
1. 第二句: They→There考查there be句型。根据句子结构来判断, 要用there be句型, 意思是“有”。句意: 在早上有二节课,下午有两节课。 故把They改为There。
2. 第三句:didn't→don’t考查动词时态。文章主体时态为一般现在时, 此处表示“我们(每天)不需要做很多家庭作业”, 所以要用一般现在时。 故把didn’t改为don’t。
3. 第三句:many→much 考查不可数名词的修饰词。由于homework是不可数名词,故修饰该词应用much,而many修饰可数名词。故把many改为much。
4. 第四句:with→for考査介词。后接表示对象、用途等的名词时应用介词for,意为“对,给,供”。
5. 第五句:half后的hour→hours考查名词复数。hour前有“one and a half”修饰, 所以其后的名词要用复数形式。故把hour改为hours。
6. 第六句:look→looks考查主谓一致。根据句子的主语“My dream school” 可判断出,谓语动词要用单数形式, 同时叙述的是现在的情况, 故应用looks。
7. 第七句:去掉flowers前面的the考査冠词。句意:我们教学楼周围各种各样的花和树木。根据句意可知,此处表示“泛指”的概念, 所以flowers前不用定冠词。
8. 第八句考查动词时态。根据句子结构可知,lie和sat 是并列关系, 由于在情态动词can之后, 所以应用动词原形。故把sat改为sit。
9. 第八句:在listening后加to考査固定短语。短语listen to的意思是“听”, to是介词, 其后接名词。
10. 第九句:helpfully→helpful考查形容词。根据句子结构可知, 此处要用形容词作表语。故把helpfully改为helpful。
